言语障碍

言语障碍(speech disorder)指正常言语的产生、流畅性、语音或声音被干扰的一类交流障碍,属言语语言病理学、神经病学与精神病学交叉领域,涵盖构音障碍、音韵障碍、流利性障碍、语音障碍、声音障碍、言语失用、失语与语调障碍等。言语障碍与语言障碍不同,前者涉及言语声音的产生与质量,后者涉及语言的理解与运用。言语技能对社交关系与学习至关重要,其发育中的延迟或障碍可影响个体功能。美国约有 11.5% 的人口与 5% 的小学人口受言语障碍影响,口吃约影响 1% 的成年人,学龄儿童中接受言语相关特殊教育服务者数以十万计。

Terminology and classification

History

Epidemiology

Pathophysiology

Clinical features

Diagnosis

Management

Research and controversies

References

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