École Normale Supérieure de Lyon

The École normale supérieure de Lyon, usually known as ENS de Lyon or ENSL, is a French grande école in Lyon and one of the four prestigious écoles normales supérieures of France, created in its present form in 2010.里昂高等师范学院（法文：École normale supérieure de Lyon，简称里昂高师或 ENSL）是法国里昂的一所大学校，也是法国四所高等师范学校之一；其现行建制于 2010 年合并而成。

It is a highly selective institution training researchers and teachers, with students admitted through competitive examinations after two years of preparatory study, and many of them receiving civil-servant status.学校选拔极为严格，主要培养研究人才与教师；学生须经两年预科后参加竞考入学，其中许多人享有公务员身份。

It is ranked equal 235th in the world in the QS World University Rankings 2027, enrols about 2,400 students as of 2025, and operates two campuses in the Gerland district of Lyon.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，学校并列世界第 235 位；截至 2025 年在校学生约 2400 人，在里昂热尔兰区设有两个校区。

History

• ENS de Lyon descends from two teacher-training institutions founded under education minister Jules Ferry as part of the Third Republic's drive to build a national system of free, secular schooling.里昂高师的渊源可追溯至教育部长茹费里主导创办的两所师范学校，它们是法兰西第三共和国建立免费、世俗国民教育体系努力的一部分。
• The École normale supérieure de Fontenay-aux-Roses, for girls, was established by decree on 13 July 1880 near Paris to train the teachers of the growing network of normal schools.1880 年 7 月 13 日，女子师范学校丰特奈高等师范学校依令在巴黎近郊建立，用以培养当时不断扩张的师范学校所需的师资。
• The two new schools were created to supply the Republican school system with well-trained teachers, at a time when the Third Republic sought to replace church-run education with a secular public system taught by qualified staff.两所新学校旨在为共和教育体系培养训练有素的教师；当时第三共和国力图以世俗的公立体系取代教会办学，并由合格师资承担教学。
• The École normale supérieure de Saint-Cloud, for boys, was founded by decree on 22 December 1882, forming the male counterpart of the Fontenay school.1882 年 12 月 22 日，男子师范学校圣克卢高等师范学校依令创办，与丰特奈学校互为男女对应。
• A decree of 18 January 1887 converted the schools into institutions for training primary-school teachers and removed Latin from the compulsory syllabus, and in 1897 the course was lengthened from two to three years.1887 年 1 月 18 日的法令将其转为培养初等教育师资的学校，并将拉丁文移出必修课程；1897 年，学制由两年延长为三年。
• During the Second World War the Paris-region schools were affected by the occupation, and the post-war reform of 1945 realigned them with the expanding secondary sector of French education.第二次世界大战期间，位于巴黎近郊的两校亦受占领影响；1945 年的战后改革则使其与不断扩张的法国中等教育相衔接。
• Following the reform of the normal schools, a decree of 19 February 1945 gave both institutions the status of preparatory schools for secondary teaching, shifting their mission towards secondary education as the French school system expanded after the Liberation.师范学校改革之后，1945 年 2 月 19 日的法令将两校改组为中等教育预备师范学校，其使命转向中等教育，以应对解放后法国教育体系的扩张。
• In 1956 the length of study was raised to four years so that students could prepare for the agrégation, the competitive teaching qualification that opens the way to senior secondary and university posts.1956 年，学制延长为四年，以便学生备考「教师资格会考」；这一竞争性资格通往高中与大学的高级教职。
• As part of France's policy of decentralising higher education, the scientific departments of the two schools moved in 1987 to Gerland, an old industrial district of Lyon, occupying the site of the present Monod campus, and the relocated institution took the name ENS Lyon.作为法国高等教育去中心化政策的一部分，两校的科学部于 1987 年迁往里昂旧工业区热尔兰，入驻今日莫诺校区所在之处，迁址后的机构取名里昂高等师范学院。
• The humanities students remained in the Paris region within the coeducational Fontenay-Saint-Cloud school, which in 2000 was transferred to the new Descartes campus, also in Gerland, Lyon.人文学科学生则留在巴黎近郊的男女同校建制内；2000 年，该部分迁入同样位于里昂热尔兰的新笛卡尔校区。
• That Paris-based school, informally renamed the higher normal school of letters and human sciences, brought together the humanities and social sciences before the two branches were reunited in Lyon.这所位于巴黎的学校一度更名为「文学与人文科学高等师范学校」，在两条分支最终于里昂合并之前，汇聚了人文学科与社会科学。
• On 1 January 2010 the two branches merged into a single institution retaining the name École normale supérieure de Lyon, bringing science and the humanities back together on adjacent Lyon campuses.2010 年 1 月 1 日，两条分支合并为单一机构，沿用里昂高等师范学院之名，把科学与人文学科重新汇聚于里昂相邻的校区。
• A decree of 7 May 2012, number 2012-715, set out the rules of organisation and operation of ENS de Lyon, confirming its status as a public higher-education and research establishment.2012 年 5 月 7 日第 2012-715 号法令规定了里昂高师的组织与运行规则，确认其作为公立高等教育与研究机构的地位。
• ENS de Lyon is a founding member of the Université de Lyon, a higher-education and research community that coordinates universities and schools across the Lyon region.里昂高师是里昂大学的创始成员；该大学共同体协调里昂地区的高校与院校。
• On 24 May 2023 the President of the French Republic appointed Emmanuel Trizac, a statistical physicist and an alumnus of the school, as president of ENS de Lyon.2023 年 5 月 24 日，法国总统任命统计物理学家、学校校友埃马纽埃尔·特里扎克为里昂高师校长。
• In 2026 the school launched the Institute of Sustainable Worlds to address the socio-ecological transition, appointing its director from 1 September 2026.2026 年，学校发起「可持续世界研究所」以应对社会生态转型，其所长自 2026 年 9 月 1 日起任命。
• The school's research has expanded steadily since the 1987 relocation, and its laboratories are today contracted to national bodies such as the CNRS and INSERM.自 1987 年迁址以来，学校科研持续扩展；如今其实验室与国家科研机构如法国国家科学研究中心及法国国家健康与医学研究院签订合作协议。
• Over its history the school has trained generations of French academics, and its former students include Nobel and Fields medal winners recognised in the twenty-first century.在办学历程中，学校培养了多代法国学者，其校友中包括在 21 世纪获得诺贝尔奖与菲尔兹奖的人士。
• Although small, the institution ranks among France's leading centres for research in the sciences, and the Shanghai ranking notes its strong per-capita research performance.学校规模虽小，却在科学领域位居法国领先的研究重镇之列；上海排名亦指出其人均衡科研表现突出。
• The two founder schools were noted for their meritocratic recruitment, selecting the most able pupils regardless of social background, in contrast to schools that served Parisian elites.两所创始学校以择优录取著称，不拘社会出身录取最优秀的学生，与主要服务巴黎精英阶层的学校形成对照。
• ENS de Lyon continued the tradition of its predecessors in combining elite teacher training with research, and it now offers degrees from bachelor's level through to the doctorate.学校延续前身将精英师资培养与科研相结合的传统，现提供从本科到博士的各级学位。
• In December 2025 the school's governing board adopted its objectives, means and performance contract for the period 2025 to 2027, setting out its development targets.2025 年 12 月，学校校务委员会通过了 2025 至 2027 年的目标、资源与绩效合同，确立了其发展目标。
• Today the school draws students from some 70 nationalities and has built partnerships with institutions across Europe, Asia and the Americas to strengthen its international reach.如今学校的学生来自约 70 个国籍，并与欧洲、亚洲与美洲的机构建立伙伴关系，以扩大其国际影响。

Academics

• ENS de Lyon is a grande école, a category of French institution that runs parallel to the public university system and admits students through an extremely competitive process, comparable in selectiveness to the Ivy League or Oxbridge.里昂高师是一所「大学校」，这类法国院校与公立大学体系并行，录取竞争极为激烈，其选拔程度可与常春藤盟校或牛剑相比。
• Its degrees are accredited by the French conference of grandes écoles and awarded by the Ministry of National Education, and its alumni typically enter elite positions in government, research and business.学校学位由法国大学校联席会认证、由国民教育部颁发；其校友多进入政府、科研与商业界的精英岗位。
• The school awards its own diploma, the diplôme de l'ENS de Lyon, alongside national bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees, and its graduates frequently proceed to doctoral study in French and foreign universities.学校除颁发国家学士、硕士与博士学位外，另授予自身的里昂高师文凭；其毕业生常进入法国及国外高校继续攻读博士学位。
• Teaching is organised through twelve departments spread across the two campuses, six in the natural and experimental sciences and six in the humanities and social sciences, delivered in cooperation with neighbouring institutions such as Claude Bernard University Lyon 1.教学依托分布在两个校区的 12 个系开展，其中 6 个为自然科学与实验科学系，6 个为人文与社会科学系，并与里昂第一大学等周边机构合作。
• The Monod campus houses the science departments, including biology, chemistry, computer science, earth sciences, mathematics and physics.莫诺校区承载科学类各系，包括生物学、化学、计算机科学、地球科学、数学与物理学。
• The Descartes campus hosts the humanities departments, spanning arts and humanities, economics, education and digital humanities, foreign languages, human sciences and social sciences.笛卡尔校区则设人文学科各系，涵盖艺术与人文学、经济学、教育与数字人文、外国语、人文科学以及社会科学。
• Language teaching at the school covers Arabic, Chinese, English, German, Italian, Spanish and Russian, reflecting a broad commitment to foreign cultures.学校的外语教学涵盖阿拉伯语、汉语、英语、德语、意大利语、西班牙语与俄语，体现对多元文化的广泛投入。
• The school maintains about 30 research units, of which roughly 23 have contractual ties to major national organisations, notably the CNRS and INSERM.学校约有 30 个科研单位，其中约 23 个与国家大型研究机构签有合作合同，尤以法国国家科学研究中心与法国国家健康与医学研究院为主。
• Its science laboratories include the Institute of Functional Genomics of Lyon, the Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology and the Laboratory of Pure and Applied Mathematics.其科学实验室包括里昂功能基因组研究所、分子与细胞生物学实验室以及纯粹与应用数学实验室。
• Research in astronomy is conducted through the Lyon Astrophysics Research Centre, and high-field nuclear magnetic resonance work is carried out at a dedicated centre.天文学研究依托里昂天体物理研究中心进行，高场核磁共振研究则在专门的实验中心开展。
• The school hosts an Institute for Advanced Study, the Collegium de Lyon, which welcomes visiting researchers from around the world.学校设有高等研究院，即里昂学人会，接纳来自世界各地的访问学者。
• ENS de Lyon welcomes more than 400 doctoral students and, as of 2025, about 500 doctoral candidates, working within its laboratories and partner institutions.里昂高师接纳逾 400 名博士生；截至 2025 年，在读博士生约 500 名，在其实验室与合作机构中开展研究。
• Master's provision is substantial, with roughly five research master's programmes in the sciences and about thirty-six in the humanities and social sciences.学校硕士培养规模可观，科学领域约设 5 个研究型硕士项目，人文与社会科学领域约设 36 个。
• Students who enter through the competitive examination as normaliens-élèves receive a salary during four years of study and, in return, must serve the public sector for ten years.通过竞考录取的学生享有「师范生」身份，在读四年期间领取薪酬，作为回报须为公共部门服务十年。
• A second route allows normaliens-étudiants to join on academic merit without civil-servant status, while master-level auditeurs may study at the school without obtaining the ENS diploma.另有一条途径让「师范学生」凭学业成绩入学而不具公务员身份；硕士阶段的旁听生则可在校学习但不获高师文凭。
• The French Institute of Education, hosted at ENS de Lyon, is a national platform dedicated to research and innovation on educational questions.依托里昂高师设立的法国教育研究院，是专注于教育问题研究与创新的国家级平台。
• The school maintains partnerships with institutions worldwide, including the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, East China Normal University, Tohoku University, Northwestern University, Boston University and Sapienza University of Rome.学校与全球多所机构保持伙伴关系，包括洛桑联邦理工学院、华东师范大学、东北大学、西北大学、波士顿大学与罗马大学。

Campus

• ENS de Lyon is located in the Gerland district of the seventh arrondissement of Lyon, on the left bank of the Rhône near the Pont Pasteur bridge.里昂高师位于里昂第七区热尔兰，地处罗讷河左岸、帕斯特桥附近。
• Its two campuses are named Monod, home to the sciences, and Descartes, home to the humanities and social sciences, and they stand within a few minutes' walk of each other.学校两个校区分别命名为莫诺校区（科学）与笛卡尔校区（人文与社会科学），两者相距步行几分钟之遥。
• The Monod campus occupies the premises of the school's 1987 scientific installation in Gerland, an area regenerated from former industrial land along the river.莫诺校区沿用 1987 年科学部迁入热尔兰时的院区，这一地带由罗讷河沿岸的旧工业用地改造而来。
• The Descartes campus, opened in 2000, hosts the humanities departments and the school's central administration at 15 parvis René-Descartes.笛卡尔校区于 2000 年启用，承载人文学科各系与学校行政中枢，地址为勒内·笛卡尔广场 15 号。
• The Diderot Library of Lyon serves the two campuses, providing a major collection in the sciences and humanities shared with partner institutions.里昂狄德罗图书馆服务两个校区，其馆藏涵盖科学与人文两大门类，并与合作机构共享。
• The school's publisher, ENS Éditions, and the Collegium de Lyon are also based on the campuses, contributing to academic life.学校下属出版社 ENS 出版与里昂学人会同样设于校区内，为学术生活增添活力。
• Green spaces, laboratory buildings and student residences are distributed across the two campuses, which together form a compact academic quarter by the river.绿地、实验楼与学生宿舍分布于两个校区，共同构成罗讷河畔一处紧凑的学术街区。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 ENS de Lyon is placed equal 235th in the world, making it the fifth-highest-ranked French institution in that edition.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，里昂高师并列世界第 235 位，在该版榜单中位列法国高校第五。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 places the school in the 326th to 350th band worldwide and sixth in France.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将学校列入世界第 326 至 350 名区间，位列法国第六。
• The Academic Ranking of World Universities 2026 ranks ENS de Lyon in the 301st to 400th band worldwide and eleventh in France.2026 年世界大学学术排名将里昂高师列入世界第 301 至 400 名区间，位列法国第十一。
• The U.S. News Best Global Universities ranking for 2026 to 2027 places the school 657th in the world, one of the highest-ranked small French institutions on that list.2026 至 2027 年版美国新闻与世界报道最佳全球大学排名将学校列为世界第 657 位，是上榜法国小型院校中名次较高者之一。
• ENS de Lyon's alumni and faculty include winners of the Nobel Prize and the Fields Medal, including Anne L'Huillier, who received the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physics.学校的校友与教员中包括诺贝尔奖与菲尔兹奖得主，例如 2023 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主安妮·吕利耶。
• Cédric Villani, a mathematician awarded the Fields Medal in 2010, was a professor at the school, and Alessio Figalli, a Fields medallist in 2018, studied there.2010 年获菲尔兹奖的数学家塞德里克·维拉尼曾在校任教；2018 年获菲尔兹奖的阿莱西奥·菲加利则曾在此求学。
• The OpenAlex database attributes 44,136 works to ENS de Lyon with 2,800,058 citations and an h-index of 474, a high figure for an institution of its size.OpenAlex 数据库为里昂高师收录 44136 篇成果、被引用 2800058 次，h 指数为 474，对其规模而言属较高水平。
• International rankings note that the school's research performance per capita is among the strongest in France, even though its overall position reflects a small, education-focused institution.国际排名指出，学校的人均科研表现在法国名列前茅；其总体名次则体现了这所小型、以教育为本的机构的特点。

Student life

• ENS de Lyon has no formal institutional motto, but it upholds a tradition of academic excellence and public service inherited from the écoles normales supérieures founded in the nineteenth century.里昂高师并无正式的校训，但秉承源自 19 世纪高等师范学校的学术卓越与公共服务传统。
• Students admitted as normaliens-élèves hold the status of trainee civil servants and receive a monthly salary, committing in return to ten years of service in the public sector.以「师范生」身份录取的学生具有实习公务员身份并领取月薪，作为回报须承诺为公共部门服务十年。
• The proportion of students who prepare the agrégation, a competitive teaching qualification, shapes the rhythm of study, with the final year largely devoted to its preparation.备考「教师资格会考」的学生比例影响着学习节奏，最后一年主要围绕这一竞争性教职资格考试展开。
• With students from about 70 nationalities, the school maintains a lively international community and offers courses and support for visiting and foreign students.学校学生来自约 70 个国籍，形成了活跃的国际社群，并为来访及外国学生提供课程与支持。
• Student societies, cultural events and public lectures organised by the school and its alumni association contribute to a rich campus life in the Gerland district.由学校及其校友会组织的学生社团、文化活动与公开讲座，丰富了热尔兰区的校园生活。
• Accommodation is provided through student residences on and near the campuses, complemented by private housing in the surrounding neighbourhoods of Lyon.学校通过校内外学生宿舍提供住宿，并由里昂周边街区的民间房源作为补充。
• Situated in France's second-largest metropolitan area, the school gives students access to the cultural, scientific and culinary life of Lyon, a UNESCO World Heritage city.学校地处法国第二大都会区，学生得以接触里昂这座联合国教科文组织世界遗产城市的文化、科学与美食生活。

Notable people

• Jules Ferry, the education minister of the early Third Republic, drove the reforms under which the two predecessor schools were founded and is associated with the creation of free, secular primary education in France.茹费里是法兰西第三共和国初期的教育部长，推动了两所前身学校得以创办的改革，并与法国免费世俗初等教育的建立相联系。
• Anne L'Huillier, a physicist who studied at ENS de Lyon, was awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physics for her work on attosecond pulses used to study electron dynamics.安妮·吕利耶是曾在里昂高师学习的物理学家，因在用于研究电子动力学的阿秒脉冲方面的研究获得 2023 年诺贝尔物理学奖。
• Alessio Figalli, a mathematician who studied at the school, received the Fields Medal in 2018 for his contributions to optimal transport and partial differential equations.阿莱西奥·菲加利是曾在学校学习的数学家，因在最优传输与偏微分方程方面的贡献获得 2018 年菲尔兹奖。
• Cédric Villani, a mathematician and former professor at the school, won the Fields Medal in 2010 for his work on kinetic theory and was later elected to the French National Assembly.塞德里克·维拉尼是数学家、学校前教授，因在动理学理论方面的研究获得 2010 年菲尔兹奖，后当选法国国民议会议员。
• Sophie Morel, a mathematician associated with the school, became the first woman to hold a tenured professorship in mathematics at Harvard University.索菲·莫雷尔是与学校相关的数学家，成为首位在哈佛大学获得数学终身教职的女性。
• Catherine Bréchignac, a physicist and former student, has led major French research bodies and served as president of the French National Centre for Scientific Research.凯瑟琳·布雷希尼亚克是物理学家、学校校友，曾领导多个法国大型科研机构，并出任法国国家科学研究中心主席。
• Joseph Stiglitz, the American economist awarded the 2001 Nobel Prize in Economics, received an honorary doctorate from ENS de Lyon.约瑟夫·斯蒂格利茨是获得 2001 年诺贝尔经济学奖的美国经济学家，获里昂高师授予荣誉博士学位。
• Abhijit Banerjee, who shared the 2019 Nobel Prize in Economics, is another recipient of an honorary doctorate from the school.阿比吉特·班纳吉是 2019 年诺贝尔经济学奖得主之一，也是该校荣誉博士学位的获得者。
• Emmanuel Trizac, a statistical physicist and a 1991 graduate of the school, has served as its president since his appointment by decree in May 2023.埃马纽埃尔·特里扎克是统计物理学家、1991 年毕业于该校，自 2023 年 5 月依令受任以来担任校长。
• Anne-Marie Descôtes, a diplomat who studied at the school, served as ambassador of France to Germany and leads the French agency for the promotion of higher education abroad.安妮-玛丽·德斯科特是曾在学校学习的外交官，曾任法国驻德国大使，并领导负责推广法国高等教育的对外机构。