Zarqa University (ZU)

Zarqa University (ZU) is a private university on the eastern edge of Zarqa, Jordan's second-largest city, about six kilometres from the city centre and roughly twenty-five kilometres northeast of Amman.扎尔卡大学（Zarqa University，简称 ZU）位于约旦第二大城市扎尔卡东缘，距市中心约六公里，东北距首都安曼约二十五公里。

Founded in 1994 as the first private university in Zarqa Governorate, it occupies a 350-acre campus and teaches about 6,000 students across thirteen faculties that range from Shari'a and law to dentistry, pharmacy and engineering.该校创办于 1994 年，是扎尔卡省第一所私立大学，校园占地 350 英亩，设有十三个学院，在校生约 6000 人，学科从伊斯兰教法、法律一直延伸到牙科、药学与工程。

It sits in the 1401+ band of the QS World University Rankings 2027 and in the 551–600 band of the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027, while appearing in neither the 2026-2027 U.S. News global list nor the 2026 Shanghai ARWU.该校在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中处于 1401+ 并列区间，在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中位列 551–600 区间，但未进入 2026-2027 年度 U.S. News 全球榜单，也未进入 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名。

History

• The city that gave the university its name began in 1902, when Chechen families displaced by the Ottoman-Russian wars settled beside the Hijaz Railway and turned Zarqa into a station on the route between Damascus and the holy cities.这所大学得名的扎尔卡城始于 1902 年，因奥斯曼与俄罗斯战争而流离失所的车臣家庭在希贾兹铁路旁定居，使扎尔卡成为大马士革与圣城之间铁路线上的车站。
• After the 1948 war, the International Committee of the Red Cross laid out the Zarqa camp in 1949 for Palestinian refugees, and the camp's growth helped turn the town into Jordan's second-largest urban centre.1948 年战争之后，红十字国际委员会于 1949 年为巴勒斯坦难民划设扎尔卡难民营，营地的扩张推动这座城镇成长为约旦第二大城市。
• The Jordan Petroleum Refinery Company was founded in 1956 and brought its refinery at Zarqa on stream in 1961, anchoring the city's role as the kingdom's industrial workshop.约旦石油炼油公司成立于 1956 年，其扎尔卡炼油厂于 1961 年投产，从此确立了该市作为约旦工业车间的地位。
• Jordan's private higher-education sector opened at the start of the 1990s, when Al-Ahliyya Amman University (1990), Applied Science Private University (1991), the University of Petra (1991) and Princess Sumaya University for Technology (1991) began admitting students.约旦私立高等教育在 1990 年代初期开闸，阿赫利亚安曼大学（1990 年）、应用科学私立大学（1991 年）、佩特拉大学（1991 年）与苏迈雅公主科技大学（1991 年）相继开始招生。
• Zarqa University was founded in 1994 on a 350-acre site six kilometres east of the city centre, becoming the first private university in Zarqa Governorate.扎尔卡大学于 1994 年在市中心以东六公里处一块 350 英亩的土地上创办，成为扎尔卡省第一所私立大学。
• Its first academic semester opened with six faculties, 150 students and twenty majors, a scale that reflected the cautious beginnings of private higher education in Jordan.该校首个学期只设六个学院，招收 150 名学生，开设二十个专业，这一规模反映了约旦私立高等教育起步时的谨慎。
• A year later, in 1995, the public Hashemite University was established in the same governorate, and Zarqa became one of the few Jordanian cities with more than one university.一年后的 1995 年，公立的哈希姆大学在同一省份成立，扎尔卡由此成为约旦少数拥有不止一所大学的城市。
• In 2000 the university began hosting the Arab Conference on Information Technology (ACIT), the first of several regional secretariats that would make the campus a base for Arab academic cooperation.2000 年，该校开始承办阿拉伯信息技术会议（ACIT），这是此后一系列区域秘书处落户校园的开端，使校园成为阿拉伯学术合作的基地之一。
• The International Arab Journal of Information Technology (IAJIT) was launched in 2003 as the journal of the Colleges of Computing and Information Society, with Zarqa University as its publisher.国际阿拉伯信息技术杂志（IAJIT）于 2003 年创刊，作为计算与信息社会学院联合会的会刊，由扎尔卡大学出版。
• The General Secretariat of the Colleges of Computing and Information Society, a body of the Association of Arab Universities, has been based on the campus since 2007.计算与信息社会学院联合会总秘书处是阿拉伯大学协会的下属机构，自 2007 年起设在该校校园内。
• Zarqa University was awarded an ISO certificate in 2009, an early quality-management credential for a Jordanian private university.扎尔卡大学于 2009 年获得 ISO 认证，这是约旦私立大学中较早的质量管理资质。
• Since 2011 the campus has also housed the General Secretariat of the International Arab Conference on Quality Assurance in Higher Education (IACQA).自 2011 年起，校园内还设有国际阿拉伯高等教育质量保障会议（IACQA）总秘书处。
• By the scholastic year 2013/2014 enrollment had passed 9,000 students in 43 majors, the high-water mark of the university's first two decades.到 2013/2014 学年，在校生已超过 9000 人，分布在 43 个专业，这是该校前二十年的最高纪录。
• In 2016 the Association of Professors of English and Translation at Arab Universities (APETAU) moved its secretariat to Zarqa University, which publishes the association's International Journal of Arabic and English Studies.2016 年，阿拉伯大学英语与翻译教授协会（APETAU）将秘书处迁至扎尔卡大学，该协会的《国际阿拉伯与英语研究杂志》也由该校出版。
• The academic year 2017/2018 found about 8,000 students distributed across thirteen faculties, seven in the humanities and six in the sciences, with 44 undergraduate majors on offer.2017/2018 学年，该校约有 8000 名学生，分布在十三个学院，其中七个属于人文学科，六个属于自然科学，共开设 44 个本科专业。
• By 2018/2019 the university had added postgraduate programmes, including a master's in English Language and Literature, while keeping the same thirteen-faculty structure.到 2018/2019 学年，该校增设了研究生项目，其中包括英语语言文学硕士，同时保持十三个学院的架构不变。
• When the COVID-19 pandemic reached Jordan in 2020, teaching moved online through the university's E-Learning Center, and the campus stayed largely closed for face-to-face classes during the emergency.2020 年新冠疫情波及约旦时，教学通过该校的电子学习中心转为线上，紧急状态期间校园基本停止面对面授课。
• The QS World University Rankings 2026 placed Zarqa University in the 1201–1400 band and in the 161–170 band for the Arab region.2026 年 QS 世界大学排名将扎尔卡大学列入 1201–1400 区间，其阿拉伯地区排名为 161–170 区间。
• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 the university moved into the 1401+ band, a tied section shared by 102 institutions rather than a single numerical position.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，该校进入 1401+ 区间，这是由 102 所院校共享的并列段，而非单一数字名次。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 placed it in the 551–600 band, a far stronger showing than its QS position and its best result in a global table.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将该校列入 551–600 区间，这一成绩远高于其 QS 位次，也是它在全球榜单上的最好结果。
• Today the university reports more than 6,000 students to Times Higher Education and 5,624 to QS, including 2,276 international students, and it remains the oldest private university in the governorate.如今该校向泰晤士高等教育报告的学生数超过 6000 人，向 QS 报告 5624 人，其中包括 2276 名国际学生，它仍是该省历史最悠久的私立大学。

Academics

• Zarqa University teaches through thirteen faculties, seven of them in the humanities and six in the sciences, with a Faculty of Graduate Studies coordinating master's programmes.扎尔卡大学通过十三个学院开展教学，其中七个属于人文学科，六个属于自然科学，另设研究生院协调硕士项目。
• The humanities group comprises the faculties of Arts, Economics and Business Administration, Educational Sciences, Shari'a, Law, Arts and Design, and Journalism and Mass Communication.人文学科组包括文学院、经济与工商管理学院、教育科学学院、伊斯兰教法学院、法学院、艺术与设计学院以及新闻与大众传播学院。
• The scientific group comprises the faculties of Science and Information Technology, Allied Medical Sciences, Engineering, Pharmacy, Nursing and Dentistry.自然科学组包括科学与信息技术学院、相关医学科学学院、工程学院、药学院、护理学院与牙科学院。
• The university offered 44 undergraduate majors in 2018/2019, up from twenty in its first semester, and its Faculty of Graduate Studies awards master's degrees including an MA in English Language and Literature.该校在 2018/2019 学年开设 44 个本科专业，远多于首学期的二十个，其研究生院授予硕士学位，其中包括英语语言文学硕士。
• The Faculty of Shari'a teaches Islamic law, jurisprudence and related religious sciences, and it was once led by Umar Sulayman al-Ashqar, a Palestinian scholar born in 1940.伊斯兰教法学院教授伊斯兰法、法理学及相关宗教学科，巴勒斯坦学者欧麦尔·苏莱曼·艾什卡尔（生于 1940 年）曾担任该院院长。
• The Faculty of Law prepares graduates for the Jordanian bar and for public service, and its curriculum follows the Arabic-language legal tradition used in the kingdom's courts.法学院为约旦律师界与公共部门培养毕业生，其课程遵循约旦法院所使用的阿拉伯语法律传统。
• Pharmacy students work in the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the university's Pharmaceutical Research Centre, where staff publish on drug synthesis and analytical methods such as HPLC.药学专业学生在药物科学系与该校药物研究中心学习，教师在此发表药物合成与高效液相色谱等分析方法的研究。
• The Faculty of Engineering includes a Civil Engineering Department and works alongside the Energy Research Center on applied problems in structures, materials and energy use.工程学院设有土木工程系，并与能源研究中心合作研究结构、材料与能源利用方面的应用问题。
• The Faculty of Science and Information Technology houses a Department of Computer Information Systems, and its link to IAJIT gives staff and students access to an internationally indexed computing journal.科学与信息技术学院设有计算机信息系统系，该系与 IAJIT 的联系使师生能够接触一份国际索引的计算机期刊。
• Allied Medical Sciences trains medical laboratory technologists in a Department of Medical Analysis, supplying hospitals in Zarqa and the surrounding governorate with laboratory staff.相关医学科学学院通过医学分析系培养医学检验技术人员，为扎尔卡及周边省份的医院输送实验室人才。
• Economics and Business Administration includes a Department of Electronic Marketing and Social Media, a field that reflects the university's attempt to link business teaching to digital commerce.经济与工商管理学院设有电子营销与社交媒体系，这一领域体现了该校把商科教学与数字商务联系起来的努力。
• Nursing and Dentistry are the university's clinical faculties, and their students complete supervised clinical practice in hospitals and clinics.护理学院与牙科学院是该校的临床学院，学生须在医院和诊所完成有督导的临床实习。
• Scientific and medical programmes are taught mainly in English, while law, Shari'a, arts and education are taught in Arabic, a division common to Jordanian universities.科学与医学项目主要以英语授课，法律、伊斯兰教法、人文与教育则以阿拉伯语授课，这一分工在约旦大学中十分常见。
• QS counted 422 faculty members for 5,624 students in 2026, a student-to-staff ratio of roughly thirteen to one, and 2,276 international students, about two-fifths of the student body.QS 在 2026 年统计该校有 422 名教师与 5624 名学生，生师比约为十三比一，国际学生 2276 人，约占学生总数的五分之二。
• Admission is based on the Jordanian General Secondary Education Certificate, known as Tawjihi, or an equivalent certificate, and the university follows the credit-hour system used at Yarmouk University, Mutah University and Jordan University of Science and Technology.录取依据约旦普通中等教育证书（Tawjihi）或同等学历，该校采用约旦通行的学分制，雅尔穆克大学、穆塔大学与约旦科技大学也使用这一制度。
• Quality assurance rests on an ISO certificate awarded in 2009 and on programme reviews by Jordan's higher-education accreditation bodies, while the Faculty of Graduate Studies oversees thesis defences.质量保障依托 2009 年获得的 ISO 认证以及约旦高等教育认证机构开展的专业评审，研究生院则负责论文答辩事务。
• The Zarqa Journal for Research and Studies in Humanities is the university's main humanities periodical, and it publishes scholarly articles in the humanities.《扎尔卡人文研究杂志》是该校主要的人文学科期刊，刊载人文学科的学术论文。

Campus

• The campus covers 350 acres at 32.06 degrees north and 36.16 degrees east, six kilometres east of Zarqa's centre and about twenty-five kilometres from Amman.校园占地 350 英亩，位于北纬 32.06 度、东经 36.16 度，在扎尔卡市中心以东六公里处，距安曼约二十五公里。
• Teaching buildings, laboratories, the library and the administration share the site with faculty blocks and service buildings, and the grounds leave room for future expansion.教学楼、实验室、图书馆与行政楼同各学院楼及服务设施共用这片土地，校园用地也为未来扩建留出了空间。
• The Islamic Cultural Center provides the campus mosque and hosts religious lectures, Quran courses and Ramadan programmes for students and staff.伊斯兰文化中心提供校园清真寺，并为师生举办宗教讲座、古兰经课程与斋月活动。
• Specialised units include a Computer Center, an E-Learning Center, a Language Center for continuing education and community service, an Energy Research Center, a Pharmaceutical Research Centre and a Business Incubator.校内专门机构包括计算机中心、电子学习中心、面向继续教育与社区服务的语言中心、能源研究中心、药物研究中心以及企业孵化器。
• Four regional secretariats are based on campus: ACIT since 2000, the CCIS General Secretariat since 2007, IACQA since 2011 and APETAU since 2016.四个区域秘书处设在校园内，分别是 2000 年起的 ACIT、2007 年起的 CCIS 总秘书处、2011 年起的 IACQA 与 2016 年起的 APETAU。
• The site lies on Zarqa's eastern approach, close to the city's industrial districts and to the old Hijaz Railway line that first brought the town into the regional transport network.校园位于扎尔卡东侧入口地带，靠近该市工业区，也靠近最早把这座城镇纳入区域交通网的希贾兹铁路旧线。
• Zarqa is Jordan's industrial centre, with more than half of the kingdom's factories and its only oil refinery, and the campus draws students from the surrounding manufacturing towns.扎尔卡是约旦的工业中心，拥有全国一半以上的工厂和唯一的炼油厂，校园生源也来自周边的制造业城镇。
• The city sits at about 619 metres above sea level and has a cold semi-arid climate, with roughly 182 millimetres of rain a year and an average temperature of 17.4 degrees Celsius.该市海拔约 619 米，属冷半干旱气候，年降水量约 182 毫米，年平均气温为 17.4 摄氏度。
• The Zarqa River, the Jabbok of the Bible, runs through the city west of the campus and drains into the Jordan Valley, and its waters have supported settlement in the area since antiquity.扎尔卡河即《圣经》中的雅博克河，流经校园以西的市区并注入约旦河谷，其水源自古代起便支撑着这一地区的聚落。
• Zarqa also hosts the Hashemite University, and the governorate's large student population supports a dense network of cafes, bookshops and bus routes.扎尔卡还拥有哈希姆大学，本省庞大的学生人口支撑起密集的咖啡馆、书店与公交线路网络。

Reputation

• QS placed Zarqa University in the 1401+ band for 2027, a tied section in which 102 institutions share the same label instead of receiving individual positions.QS 将扎尔卡大学列入 2027 年 1401+ 区间，这是一个由 102 所院校共享同一标签、而非各自获得单独名次的并列段。
• In the 2026 QS table the university stood in the 1201–1400 band and ranked 161–170 among Arab universities, making it one of Jordan's more visible private institutions.在 2026 年 QS 榜单中，该校处于 1201–1400 区间，在阿拉伯地区大学中排名 161–170，是约旦较受关注的私立院校之一。
• Times Higher Education ranked it 551–600 in 2027, a result that contrasts sharply with its QS band and represents its strongest global placement to date.泰晤士高等教育在 2027 年将其列入 551–600 区间，这一结果与其 QS 区间形成鲜明反差，也是该校迄今最好的全球位次。
• The university does not appear in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities list, and this article does not substitute an older edition for that absence.该校未出现在 2026-2027 年度 U.S. News 全球最佳大学榜单中，本文不以更早年份的成绩替代这一缺席。
• It is likewise absent from the 2026 Shanghai Academic Ranking of World Universities, which measures research-intensive universities on different criteria from QS and THE.该校同样未进入 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名，该榜单以不同于 QS 与 THE 的标准衡量研究型大学。
• Its most distinctive asset is IAJIT, published since 2003 and indexed in ISI, Scopus and DBLP, an unusual achievement for a private university of its size.该校最具特色的资产是 2003 年创刊的 IAJIT，该刊被 ISI、Scopus 与 DBLP 收录，对一所这一规模的私立大学而言并不寻常。
• Hosting ACIT since 2000 and the secretariats of CCIS, IACQA and APETAU has given the university a convening role in Arab computing, quality assurance and translation studies.自 2000 年起承办 ACIT，并接纳 CCIS、IACQA 与 APETAU 的秘书处，使该校在阿拉伯信息技术、质量保障与翻译研究领域发挥了召集作用。
• As the first private university in Zarqa Governorate, it has operated for more than thirty years and once enrolled over 9,000 students, before settling at about 6,000 in the 2020s.作为扎尔卡省第一所私立大学，该校已运营三十余年，在校生一度超过 9000 人，2020 年代稳定在约 6000 人。
• International students make up about two-fifths of the QS student count, giving it a more cosmopolitan profile than many Jordanian private universities outside Amman.国际学生约占 QS 统计学生总数的五分之二，使其比安曼以外的许多约旦私立大学更具国际化色彩。
• No Nobel laureate, Fields medallist or Turing Award winner has taught or studied at Zarqa University, and its reputation rests on regional teaching, publishing and conference hosting rather than on international prizes.尚无诺贝尔奖、菲尔兹奖或图灵奖得主在扎尔卡大学任教或就读，该校的声誉建立在区域教学、出版与会议承办之上，而非国际奖项。

Student life

• Enrollment has ranged from 150 students in 1994 to more than 9,000 in 2013/2014, and current figures differ by source, with more than 6,000 reported to THE and 5,624 to QS.该校在校生从 1994 年的 150 人增至 2013/2014 学年的 9000 多人，目前各来源数字不一，向 THE 报告超过 6000 人，向 QS 报告 5624 人。
• Most students commute from Zarqa, Russeifa and Amman, and the university's location on the city's eastern approach makes it dependent on bus and shared-taxi routes.多数学生从扎尔卡、鲁赛法与安曼通勤，校园位于城市东侧入口，使师生高度依赖公交与合乘出租车线路。
• The 2,276 international students recorded by QS create a mixed Arab campus culture in which Jordanian, Palestinian, Syrian and Gulf accents and dialects meet.QS 记录的 2276 名国际学生造就了混合的阿拉伯校园文化，约旦、巴勒斯坦、叙利亚与海湾各地的口音与方言在此交汇。
• The Islamic Cultural Center organises prayers, religious lectures and Ramadan iftars, and it serves as the main venue for the university's communal religious life.伊斯兰文化中心组织礼拜、宗教讲座与斋月开斋饭，是该校集体宗教生活的主要场所。
• The Language Center opens Arabic and English courses to the surrounding community, while the Business Incubator supports student start-ups and small enterprises from Zarqa.语言中心向周边社区开设阿拉伯语与英语课程，企业孵化器则支持学生创业项目与扎尔卡本地小微企业。
• Financial support is a central part of student life, with discounts, grants and tuition exemptions advertised at up to 70 percent for many specialisations.资助是学生生活的重要组成部分，校方宣传许多专业可享受最高七成的学费折扣、助学金与减免。
• Off campus, Zarqa's cafes, markets and sports clubs serve a young population, and Amman's internships, galleries and nightlife are about half an hour away by road.校外，扎尔卡的咖啡馆、市场与体育俱乐部服务着年轻人群，安曼的实习机会、画廊与夜生活距此约半小时车程。
• Graduates move into schools, hospitals, law offices, banks and the public sector across Zarqa and Amman, and the university's alumni network remains closely tied to the governorate's institutions.毕业生进入扎尔卡与安曼各地的学校、医院、律师事务所、银行与公共部门，该校校友网络与本省机构保持紧密联系。

Notable people

• Umar Sulayman al-Ashqar, born in Palestine in 1940, was a scholar of Islamic law who served as dean of the Faculty of Shari'a and wrote a widely read multi-volume series on Islamic creed.欧麦尔·苏莱曼·艾什卡尔 1940 年生于巴勒斯坦，是伊斯兰法学者，曾任伊斯兰教法学院院长，并撰有广受欢迎的多卷本伊斯兰信条丛书。
• Nidhal Guessoum, an Algerian astrophysicist and later professor at the American University of Sharjah, taught physics at the institution when it was still known in English as Zarqa Private University.尼达尔·盖苏姆是阿尔及利亚天体物理学家，后任沙迦美国大学教授，曾在该校还以「扎尔卡私立大学」之名行世时教授物理学。
• Nidhal Al Ramahi is the university's president and the public face of its recent ranking and accreditation efforts.尼达尔·拉马希是该校校长，也是其近年排名与认证工作的对外代表。
• Amr Ezzat Salama, secretary-general of the Association of Arab Universities and a former Egyptian higher-education minister, heads the body whose computing society keeps its secretariat on the Zarqa campus.阿姆尔·埃扎特·萨拉马是阿拉伯大学协会秘书长、埃及前高等教育部长，他领导的协会其计算学会秘书处正设在扎尔卡校园。
• King Hussein was on the throne when the university was founded in 1994, and the early expansion of Jordan's private sector took place during his reign.1994 年该校创办时侯赛因国王在位，约旦私立高等教育部门的早期扩张也发生在他的统治时期。
• King Abdullah II, who succeeded his father in 1999, has reigned through the university's expansion into graduate teaching, international recruitment and regional conference hosting.阿卜杜拉二世国王于 1999 年继位，在他的统治期间，该校扩展到研究生教学、国际招生与区域会议承办。
• The first cohort of 150 students, admitted in 1994, became the university's founding alumni, and their successors now work across Jordan's schools, hospitals and public institutions.1994 年入学的首批 150 名学生成为该校的创校校友，他们的后继者如今分布在约旦的学校、医院与公共机构。
• Faculty researchers such as Lubna Swellmeen, Anas Alshishani and Marwan Shalash publish in pharmaceutical chemistry and analytical science, linking the Faculty of Pharmacy to international journals.卢布娜·斯韦尔明、阿纳斯·阿尔希沙尼与马尔万·沙拉什等教师研究人员在药物化学与分析科学领域发表论文，把药学院与国际期刊联系起来。
• Visiting professors and conference delegates from across the Arab world pass through the campus each year for ACIT, IACQA and APETAU events, giving students contact with a wider scholarly network.每年都有来自阿拉伯各国的访问教授与会议代表因 ACIT、IACQA 与 APETAU 活动来到校园，使学生得以接触更广泛的学术网络。
• No Nobel, Fields or Turing laureate is counted among the university's staff or alumni, a limitation it shares with most young private universities in the region.该校教师与校友中尚无诺贝尔奖、菲尔兹奖或图灵奖得主，这是它与区域内多数年轻私立大学共有的局限。