Western Michigan University

Western Michigan University (WMU) is a public research university in Kalamazoo, Michigan, established in 1903 as a teacher-training school and renamed to its present title in 1957.西密歇根大学（Western Michigan University，简称 WMU）是美国密歇根州卡拉马祖的一所公立研究型大学，1903 年作为师范培训学校创办，1957 年改为现名。

It enrols about 13,700 undergraduates, offers 147 bachelor's, 73 master's and 30 doctoral programmes, and holds the 1201-1400 band in the QS World University Rankings 2027 while sitting at 1,705th in the 2026-2027 U.S. News global table.该校约有 13 700 名本科生，开设 147 个学士、73 个硕士与 30 个博士项目，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中处于 1201-1400 区间，在 2026-2027 年度《美国新闻与世界报道》全球榜单中位列第 1 705 名。

History

• On 27 May 1903 Governor Aaron T. Bliss signed the bill that authorised a state normal school in southwestern Michigan, the institution from which Western Michigan University descends.1903 年 5 月 27 日，密歇根州州长阿伦·布利斯（Aaron T. Bliss）签署法案，批准在密歇根西南部设立一所州立师范学校，西密歇根大学即由此而来。
• Kalamazoo was chosen as the site on 28 August 1903 after a competition with Allegan, Muskegon, Grand Rapids, Decatur, Three Oaks and Hastings, and the city donated land on the hill east of downtown.1903 年 8 月 28 日，卡拉马祖在与阿勒根、马斯基根、大急流城、迪凯特、三橡树与黑斯廷斯的竞争中胜出，市区捐出了市中心以东山坡上的土地。
• The first building, then the Administration Building and now Heritage Hall, was completed in 1904, the same year Dwight B. Waldo became the school's first principal and began a 32-year tenure.第一栋建筑当时称行政楼、今名遗产堂，于 1904 年落成，同年德怀特·沃尔多（Dwight B. Waldo）出任首任校长，开始了长达 32 年的任期。
• A funicular called the Western State Normal Railroad opened in 1907 to carry students and staff up the steep East Campus hill, and it operated until 1949, when buses and cars made it obsolete.1907 年，一条名为西州立师范铁路的缆索铁路开通，运送师生登上陡峭的东校区山坡，一直运营到 1949 年，因公共汽车与汽车普及而停运。
• The school was renamed Western State Teachers College in 1927 as its two-year normal course gave way to four-year teacher education and the first bachelor's degrees.1927 年，随着两年制师范课程让位于四年制教师教育并开始授予学士学位，学校更名为西州立师范学院。
• In 1941 the name changed again to Western Michigan College of Education, reflecting a curriculum that had expanded from teacher training into arts, sciences and business.1941 年，校名再次改为西密歇根教育学院，以反映课程已从师资培训扩展到文理与商科。
• The word Education was dropped in 1955, when the institution became Western Michigan College and prepared for the broader degree portfolio of a regional university.1955 年，校名去掉“教育”二字，改为西密歇根学院，为承担地区性大学更广泛的学位体系作准备。
• On 26 February 1957 Governor G. Mennen Williams signed the bill that made Western Michigan College the state's fourth public university and gave it its current name.1957 年 2 月 26 日，州长门嫩·威廉姆斯（G. Mennen Williams）签署法案，使西密歇根学院成为该州第四所公立大学，并定名西密歇根大学。
• The baseball team reached the 1955 College World Series final and lost to Wake Forest 7-6, the high point of an athletics programme that would later compete in NCAA Division I.该校棒球队打进 1955 年大学世界大赛决赛，以 6 比 7 负于维克森林大学，这是其后来参加 NCAA 一级联赛的体育项目早期的高光时刻。
• James W. Miller became president in 1961 and presided over a decade of enrolment growth, new residence halls and the expansion of business and engineering programmes.詹姆斯·米勒（James W. Miller）于 1961 年出任校长，主持了该校招生增长、新宿舍建设以及商科与工程学科扩张的十年。
• In 2001 WMU and the Thomas M. Cooley Law School created a partnership that let students combine a WMU master's degree with a Cooley law degree.2001 年，西密歇根大学与托马斯·库利法学院建立合作，允许学生把该校硕士学位与库利法学院的法律学位结合起来攻读。
• Planning for a medical school began in 2008, when WMU joined Borgess Medical Center and Bronson Methodist Hospital to create a privately funded physician-training institution in Kalamazoo.医学院的筹备始于 2008 年，西密歇根大学与博尔吉斯医疗中心、布朗森卫理公会医院合作，在卡拉马祖创建一所私立出资的医师培养机构。
• In December 2012 the university announced a renovation of East Hall, the 1904 birthplace building, and the demolition of several historic structures on the East Campus hill.2012 年 12 月，学校宣布翻修 1904 年的创校建筑东楼，并拆除东校区山坡上的若干历史建筑。
• West Hall and the Speech and Hearing Building came down in August 2013, while the original portion of East Hall was retained and North Hall's portico was preserved as a campus monument.2013 年 8 月，西楼与言语听觉大楼被拆除，东楼的原初部分得以保留，北楼的门廊则作为校园纪念物保存下来。
• In August 2014 the Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine admitted its first class, seeded by a $100 million gift from Ronda Stryker and William Johnston.2014 年 8 月，西密歇根大学霍默·斯特赖克医学院迎来首届学生，其启动资金来自朗达·斯特赖克与威廉·约翰斯顿的 1 亿美元捐赠。
• On 13 August 2014 the Cooley partnership was renamed Western Michigan University Cooley Law School, and in 2020 the Board of Trustees voted to end the affiliation.2014 年 8 月 13 日，库利合作项目更名为西密歇根大学库利法学院，2020 年校董会投票决定终止这一隶属关系。
• East Hall reopened in 2015 as Heritage Hall, housing the alumni center and preserving the hilltop site where the university began in 1903.东楼于 2015 年以遗产堂之名重新开放，内设校友中心，并保留了 1903 年学校创办时的山顶校址。
• Edward B. Montgomery, an economist and former deputy secretary of labor, became president in 2017 and led the university until 2025, including the pandemic years.经济学家、前美国劳工部副部长爱德华·蒙哥马利（Edward B. Montgomery）于 2017 年出任校长并领导学校至 2025 年，其间包括疫情时期。
• A satellite campus at Punta Gorda, Florida, operated from August 2017 to August 2019 and was closed after low enrolment, while the aviation college kept its base in Battle Creek.该校 2017 年 8 月至 2019 年 8 月在佛罗里达州蓬塔戈尔达运营卫星校区，因招生不足而关闭，航空学院则保留巴特尔克里克基地。
• The pandemic cost WMU more than $45 million by the president's own estimate, prompting furloughs, hiring freezes and budget cuts across administration and athletics.据校长本人估算，疫情给西密歇根大学造成超过 4 500 万美元损失，学校因此在行政与体育部门推行无薪休假、冻结招聘并削减预算。
• In 2021 the University College was renamed Merze Tate College after the university's pioneering alumna, and Russ Kavalhuna became president in 2025 after leading Henry Ford College.2021 年，大学学院以该校先驱校友默泽·泰特（Merze Tate）之名更名为默泽·泰特学院；2025 年，曾领导亨利·福特学院的拉斯·卡瓦尔胡纳（Russ Kavalhuna）出任校长。

Academics

• WMU is classified as an R2 doctoral university with high research activity and is one of the eight research universities in Michigan, a group that also includes the University of Michigan and Michigan State University.西密歇根大学被列为 R2 级博士型高研究活跃度大学，是密歇根州八所研究型大学之一，该群体还包括密歇根大学与密歇根州立大学。
• Its academic programme is delivered through seven degree-granting colleges and ten academic divisions, with the College of Arts and Sciences as the largest unit by faculty and enrolment.该校的教学由七个授予学位的学院与十个学术单位承担，其中文理学院在师资与招生规模上均为最大。
• The university offers 147 undergraduate degree programmes, 73 master's programmes, 30 doctoral programmes and one specialist degree, a portfolio built up since the 1957 university charter.学校开设 147 个本科项目、73 个硕士项目、30 个博士项目与 1 个专家学位项目，这一体系自 1957 年获得大学资格以来逐步形成。
• The Haworth College of Business, named for alumnus G. W. Haworth after his 1980s donation, enrols about 4,000 undergraduates and 500 MBA and Master of Accountancy students in Schneider Hall.霍沃斯商学院以校友 G. W. Haworth 命名，因其 1980 年代的捐赠而得名，学院位于施奈德楼，约有 4 000 名本科生与 500 名工商管理硕士及会计硕士学生。
• The College of Engineering and Applied Sciences occupies the Parkview Campus and offers 17 undergraduate programmes in engineering, technology and applied science, plus nine master's and six doctoral programmes.工程与应用科学学院位于帕克维尤校区，开设 17 个工程、技术与应用科学本科项目，以及 9 个硕士与 6 个博士项目。
• The College of Aviation at Battle Creek Executive Airport operates a fleet of Cirrus SR-20 aircraft, Piper PA-44 Seminoles and a Super Cub for flight training and maintenance instruction.位于巴特尔克里克行政机场的航空学院拥有西锐 SR-20 机队、派珀 PA-44 双发飞机与一架超级幼熊飞机，用于飞行训练与机务教学。
• The College of Fine Arts houses the Irving S. Gilmore School of Music, the Gwen Frostic School of Art and the Department of Theatre, and it performs in the Gilmore Theatre Complex and the Dalton Center.美术学院下设欧文·吉尔摩音乐学院、格温·弗罗斯蒂克艺术学院与戏剧系，演出主要在吉尔摩剧院综合体与道尔顿中心举行。
• The College of Education and Human Development traces its lineage to the normal school of 1903 and prepares teachers, counselors and educational leaders for Michigan's schools.教育与人类发展学院的源流可上溯至 1903 年的师范学校，为密歇根州学校培养教师、辅导员与教育管理者。
• The College of Health and Human Services, based on the Oakland Drive Campus, offers nursing, occupational therapy, physician assistant, social work and public health programmes with clinical placements in Kalamazoo hospitals.健康与人类服务学院位于奥克兰大道校区，开设护理、职业治疗、医师助理、社会工作与公共卫生项目，并在卡拉马祖的医院安排临床实习。
• Merze Tate College, renamed in 2021, is the academic home for exploratory students, while the Lee Honors College offers a smaller honours curriculum with thesis research and study abroad.2021 年更名的默泽·泰特学院是未定专业学生的学术归属，李氏荣誉学院则提供规模较小的荣誉课程，包含论文研究与海外学习。
• The Graduate College coordinates master's and doctoral education across the seven colleges, including the medical school's biomedical sciences programmes.研究生院协调七个学院的硕士与博士教育，其中包括医学院的生物医学科学项目。
• The Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, opened in 2014, is a private nonprofit school affiliated with WMU and created with Borgess and Bronson hospitals.霍默·斯特赖克医学院于 2014 年开办，是一所与西密歇根大学关联的私立非营利医学院，由该校与博尔吉斯、布朗森两家医院共同创建。
• Admissions for the class entering in fall 2021 drew 18,853 applications, of which 15,612 were accepted, an 82.8 percent acceptance rate, and 2,112 enrolled, a yield of 13.5 percent.2021 年秋季入学班级共收到 18 853 份申请，录取 15 612 人，录取率 82.8%，最终注册 2 112 人，入学率 13.5%。
• The entering class posted middle 50 percent SAT scores of 1000-1200 and ACT scores of 21-27, and the freshman retention rate stood at 77.2 percent with a six-year graduation rate of 56.3 percent.该届新生的 SAT 中间 50% 区间为 1000 至 1200 分，ACT 为 21 至 27 分，新生保留率为 77.2%，六年毕业率为 56.3%。
• In fall 2025 the university enrolled 13,714 undergraduates, and its student-faculty ratio was reported at 15 to 1, with a semester-based academic calendar.2025 年秋季，该校本科生人数为 13 714 人，师生比约为 15 比 1，校历采用学期制。
• Among 2021 graduates the most popular majors were interdisciplinary studies with 216 degrees, finance with 147 and accounting with 145, a profile weighted toward business and general studies.在 2021 届毕业生中，最受欢迎的专业为跨学科研究 216 人、金融 147 人与会计 145 人，整体结构偏向商科与通识学科。
• Research activity is supported by the paper coating plant at Parkview, the Business Technology and Research Park, and Waldo Library, one of the larger university library systems in Michigan.该校的科研活动依托帕克维尤的纸张涂布中试厂、商业技术与研究园以及沃尔多图书馆，后者是密歇根州规模较大的大学图书馆系统之一。

Campus

• WMU spreads across five campuses in and near Kalamazoo, covering more than 1,200 acres and roughly 150 buildings, with West Campus as the main academic and administrative site.西密歇根大学在卡拉马祖市区及近郊拥有五个校区，占地逾 1 200 英亩，约有 150 栋建筑，西校区是主要的教学与行政所在地。
• West Campus contains Waldo Library, the Haworth College of Business, the College of Fine Arts, the Lee Honors College and Miller Auditorium, a 3,500-seat venue described as Michigan's fourth largest auditorium.西校区汇集沃尔多图书馆、霍沃斯商学院、美术学院、李氏荣誉学院与米勒礼堂，后者可容纳约 3 500 人，被称为密歇根州第四大礼堂。
• East Campus is the original hilltop site of 1903, where Heritage Hall, the renovated East Hall, now houses the alumni center and the preserved portico of North Hall.东校区是 1903 年的原初山顶校址，翻修后的东楼以遗产堂之名作为校友中心，北楼的门廊也在此保存。
• The Oakland Drive Campus hosts the College of Health and Human Services, the Army ROTC programme and the Zhang Legacy Collections Center, which holds the university archives and regional history collections.奥克兰大道校区设有健康与人类服务学院、陆军后备军官训练团以及张氏遗产收藏中心，后者保管校档案馆与地方史藏品。
• The Parkview Campus, about three miles southwest of the main campus, is home to the College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and to Floyd Hall, a $72.5 million building opened in 2003.帕克维尤校区位于主校区西南约三英里，是工程与应用科学学院所在地，也是 2003 年启用的、造价 7 250 万美元的弗洛伊德楼的所在。
• The College of Aviation occupies Battle Creek Executive Airport at Kellogg Field, where the university built additional hangars, maintenance buildings and a runway funded largely by government grants.航空学院位于巴特尔克里克的凯洛格机场，学校在那里建设了机库、维修楼以及主要由政府拨款资助的跑道。
• Regional sites in Battle Creek, Benton Harbor, Grand Rapids and Metro Detroit extend the university's reach to more than 6,000 students each year, many of them adult and part-time learners.巴特尔克里克、本顿港、大急流城与底特律都会区的区域教学点每年服务逾 6 000 名学生，其中不少为成人与非全日制学习者。
• Kalamazoo sits midway between Chicago and Detroit, roughly two hours from each, and about forty minutes from Lake Michigan, while the 2023 Student Center anchors daily life on West Campus.卡拉马祖位于芝加哥与底特律之间，距两市各约两小时车程，距密歇根湖约四十分钟，2023 年启用的学生中心则是西校区日常生活的核心。

Reputation

• QS places Western Michigan University in the 1201-1400 band of the World University Rankings 2027, its current position among the global tables.QS 将西密歇根大学列入 2027 年世界大学排名 1201-1400 区间，这是该校目前在全球榜单中的位置。
• The university is not listed in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027, having not entered the 2027 edition of that table.该校未进入 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名，未出现在该年度的榜单之中。
• U.S. News places WMU 1,705th in its 2026-2027 Best Global Universities ranking, a position shaped by research volume rather than undergraduate reputation.在 2026-2027 年度《美国新闻与世界报道》全球大学排名中，西密歇根大学位列第 1 705 名，这一名次更多由科研体量而非本科声誉决定。
• In the 2027 U.S. News national universities ranking WMU stands at 276th and at 148th among top public schools, the domestic measure most often cited by applicants.在 2027 年《美国新闻与世界报道》全美大学排名中，该校位列第 276 名，在公立大学中位列第 148 名，这是申请者最常引用的国内指标。
• WMU does not appear in the main table of the 2026 ShanghaiRanking Academic Ranking of World Universities, which rewards Nobel laureates and highly cited research.西密歇根大学未进入 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名主榜，该榜以诺贝尔奖得主与高被引研究为主要评价依据。
• OpenAlex indexes 37,475 works with WMU affiliations and 983,020 citations to them, about 26 citations per work, a footprint consistent with its R2 research classification.OpenAlex 收录该校 37 475 篇成果与 983 020 次引用，篇均约 26 次，这一体量与其 R2 研究型定位相符。
• Its Carnegie R2 designation and membership among Michigan's eight research universities underpin claims to research standing that go beyond its national undergraduate rank.其卡内基 R2 定位以及作为密歇根州八所研究型大学之一的身份，支撑了超出其全国本科排名的科研声望。
• The College of Aviation is among the oldest collegiate flight programmes in the United States and one of the few with its own airport-based fleet and maintenance training.该校航空学院是美国历史最悠久的大学飞行项目之一，也是少数拥有驻机场机队与机务训练的院校。
• The Haworth College of Business is regularly described as one of the largest business schools in the United States, with about 4,000 undergraduates and 500 graduate students.霍沃斯商学院常被称为美国规模最大的商学院之一，拥有约 4 000 名本科生与 500 名研究生。
• The 2014 opening of the Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, funded by a $100 million gift, added a professional school whose reputation is tied to Kalamazoo's two hospital systems.2014 年开办的霍默·斯特赖克医学院由 1 亿美元捐赠支撑，为学校增添了一所与卡拉马祖两大医院体系紧密相连的专业学院。

Student life

• WMU has no formal Latin motto, and its ceremonial identity is carried by the seal, the 1903 founding date and the brown and gold colours adopted in the early twentieth century.西密歇根大学没有正式的拉丁语校训，其礼仪标识由校徽、1903 年建校年份以及 20 世纪初确立的棕金校色构成。
• Brown and Gold, the alma mater, and the WMU fight song both date from a 1959 contest won by alumni James H. Bull for the lyrics and Walter Gilbert for the music.校歌《棕与金》与西密歇根大学战歌均出自 1959 年的一次征集，校友詹姆斯·布尔撰写歌词，沃尔特·吉尔伯特谱曲。
• The Western Herald, founded in 1916 as the Western Normal Herald and renamed in 1927, is the oldest registered student organization and maintains a staff of about 40 students.《西密歇根先驱报》创办于 1916 年，初名《西师范先驱报》，1927 年改为现名，是该校历史最悠久的学生注册组织，约有 40 名学生成员。
• More than 400 registered student organizations and 37 Greek chapters cover academic societies, cultural groups, club sports, service organizations and religious communities.该校有 400 多个注册学生组织与 37 个希腊字母社团，涵盖学术学会、文化团体、体育俱乐部、服务组织与宗教社群。
• The Western Student Association and the Graduate Student Association form the student government, while the Campus Activities Board books concerts, comedians and films.西部学生协会与研究生协会构成学生自治体系，校园活动委员会则负责安排音乐会、喜剧演出与电影放映。
• The Broncos compete in NCAA Division I as members of the Mid-American Conference, with hockey in the National Collegiate Hockey Conference and men's soccer in the Missouri Valley Conference.西密歇根大学野马队参加 NCAA 一级联赛，多数项目属于中美国联盟，冰球参加全国大学冰球联盟，男子足球参加密苏里山谷联盟。
• The rivalry with Central Michigan University, another Mid-American Conference school, is the most intense in football and basketball and divides families across the state.该校与同属中美国联盟的中央密歇根大学之间的对抗是橄榄球与篮球项目中最激烈的宿敌之争，常使全州家庭分成两派。
• Miller Auditorium, the Gilmore Theatre Complex and the Dalton Center give students a year-round programme of touring Broadway shows, orchestra concerts and student productions.米勒礼堂、吉尔摩剧院综合体与道尔顿中心全年为学生提供百老汇巡演、管弦音乐会与学生剧目。

Notable people

• Aaron T. Bliss, governor of Michigan from 1901 to 1905, signed the 1903 bill that created the normal school and is counted as the institution's political founder.阿伦·布利斯于 1901 至 1905 年任密歇根州州长，签署了 1903 年设立师范学校的法案，被视为该校的政治创办人。
• Dwight B. Waldo, the first principal and later president, led the school from 1904 to 1936 and gave his name to Waldo Library and Waldo Stadium.德怀特·沃尔多是首任校长，自 1904 至 1936 年领导学校，沃尔多图书馆与沃尔多体育场均以他命名。
• Edward B. Montgomery, an economist and former deputy secretary of labor, served as president from 2017 to 2025 and managed the university through the pandemic and its budget cuts.经济学家、前劳工部副部长爱德华·蒙哥马利于 2017 至 2025 年任校长，带领学校应对疫情与预算削减。
• Russ Kavalhuna, a former airline pilot and community-college president, became WMU's president in 2025 and is the first chief executive drawn from the aviation sector.拉斯·卡瓦尔胡纳曾任航空公司飞行员与社区学院校长，2025 年出任西密歇根大学校长，是该校首位来自航空领域的最高负责人。
• Merze Tate, who graduated from Western State Teachers College in 1927, became a leading scholar of international relations at Howard University and a pioneer for African-American women in academia.默泽·泰特 1927 年毕业于西州立师范学院，后来成为霍华德大学国际关系领域的知名学者，也是非裔美国女性进入学术界的先驱。
• Homer Stryker, a physician and inventor who studied at the normal school, founded the medical-device company Stryker Corporation, now a Fortune 500 manufacturer of surgical equipment.医生与发明家霍默·斯特赖克曾在该校师范部就读，后来创办医疗器械公司斯特赖克，该公司现为生产外科设备的《财富》500 强企业。
• Tim Allen, the comedian and actor known for Home Improvement and The Santa Clause, studied at WMU before beginning his stand-up career in Detroit.喜剧演员蒂姆·艾伦以《家居装饰》与《圣诞老人》系列闻名，他在密歇根开始单口喜剧生涯之前曾就读于西密歇根大学。
• Terry Crews, a former NFL defensive end and later star of Brooklyn Nine-Nine, played football at WMU and was drafted by the Los Angeles Rams in 1991.特里·克鲁斯曾是 NFL 防守端锋，后主演《神烦警探》，他在西密歇根大学打球，并于 1991 年被洛杉矶公羊队选中。
• Bruce Campbell, the actor behind the Evil Dead franchise, graduated from WMU with a degree in theatre and remains one of its best-known alumni in entertainment.布鲁斯·坎贝尔是《鬼玩人》系列的主演，毕业于西密歇根大学戏剧专业，至今仍是该校在演艺界最知名的校友之一。
• Greg Jennings, a wide receiver who won Super Bowl XLV with the Green Bay Packers, played for the Broncos before a professional career with Green Bay and Minnesota.格雷格·詹宁斯是随绿湾包装工夺得第 45 届超级碗的外接手，他在进入绿湾与明尼苏达的职业生涯前曾效力于西密歇根大学野马队。
• Luther Vandross, the eight-time Grammy-winning singer and producer, spent a year at WMU before transferring, and the university later counted him among its notable former students.八次获得格莱美奖的歌手与制作人路德·范德罗斯曾在西密歇根大学就读一年后转学，学校后来将他列为知名校友之一。
• Mike Nahan, an economist who served as treasurer of Western Australia from 2014 to 2017, earned his doctorate at WMU before entering Australian politics.经济学家迈克·纳汉于 2014 至 2017 年任西澳大利亚州财政部长，他在进入澳大利亚政坛前于西密歇根大学取得博士学位。
• Lucy Lameck, a Tanzanian politician and independence-era activist, studied business administration at WMU and later served in Tanzania's parliament and cabinet.坦桑尼亚政治家与独立运动活动家露西·拉梅克曾在西密歇根大学学习工商管理，后来进入坦桑尼亚议会与内阁。
• Gershwin A. Drain, a judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan, earned his undergraduate degree at WMU before law school.格什温·德雷恩是美国密歇根东区联邦地区法院法官，他在进入法学院前于西密歇根大学取得本科学位。