Wake Forest University

Wake Forest University, often called Wake or WFU, is a private research university in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, founded by Baptist Christians in 1834 and named after its original site in the Forest of Wake north of Raleigh.维克森林大学常被称为 Wake 或 WFU，是位于美国北卡罗来纳州温斯顿-塞勒姆的一所私立研究型大学，由 Baptist 基督徒于 1834 年创办，校名取自其位于罗利以北的 Wake 森林旧址。

Its Reynolda Campus has stood north of downtown Winston-Salem since the 1956 move, and the university now spans six schools, an affiliate health system called Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, and academic sites in Charlotte, Washington, D.C., Venice, Vienna and London.1956 年迁址后，Reynolda 校区一直坐落在温斯顿-塞勒姆市中心以北，学校现有六所学院，附设医疗机构 Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist，并在夏洛特、华盛顿、威尼斯、维也纳和伦敦设有教学点。

Undergraduate admissions are rated highly selective at roughly a 22 percent rate, the student body of about 4,500 undergraduates commands more than 250 clubs, and the school is a founding member of the Atlantic Coast Conference whose teams are the Demon Deacons.本科录取高度严格，录取率约 22%，约 4500 名本科生拥有 250 余个社团，学校还是大西洋海岸联盟（ACC）的创始成员，校队名为 Demon Deacons。

History

• At the Baptist State Convention of 1833, held at the Cartledge Creek Baptist Church in Rockingham, North Carolina, the establishment of the Wake Forest Institute was ratified, and the convention bought a 615-acre, some 249 hectare, plantation from Calvin Jones in an area of Wake County north of Raleigh then called the Forest of Wake.1833 年，在北卡罗来纳州罗金厄姆的 Cartledge Creek Baptist 教堂举行的浸信会州大会上批准设立维克森林学院，大会并从 Calvin Jones 手中购得种植园 615 英亩、约合 249 公顷，位于罗利以北、当时被称为 Wake 森林的韦克县境内。

• Designed to teach both Baptist ministers and laymen, the school opened on February 3, 1834, as the Wake Forest Manual Labor Institute, with students and staff required to spend half of each day doing manual labour on its plantation, and Samuel Wait, a Baptist minister, was selected as first principal and later president.学院以培养 Baptist 牧师与平信徒为目标，1834 年 2 月 3 日作为「维克森林半工半读学院」开学，师生每日须在种植园从事半日体力劳动，Baptist 牧师 Samuel Wait 被选为首任负责人并后来以校长名义续任。

• In 1838 the school was renamed Wake Forest College and the manual-labor system was abandoned, while the town that grew up around the college also took the name Wake Forest.1838 年，学校更名为维克森林学院，半工半读制度随之废止，围绕学院成长起来的城镇同样取名 Wake Forest。

• The college closed in 1862, during the American Civil War, after most students and some faculty entered service with the Confederate States Army, re-opened in 1866, and prospered over the next four decades under presidents Washington Manly Wingate, Thomas H. Pritchard and Charles Taylor.1862 年南北战争期间，因多数学生与部分教师加入南方邦联军队，学院被迫关闭，1866 年重新开学，其后的四十年间在 Washington Manly Wingate、Thomas H. Pritchard 与 Charles Taylor 三位校长治下走向兴盛。

• The School of Law was established in 1894 and the School of Medicine in 1902, the first summer session followed in 1921, and Lea Laboratory, built in 1887 and 1888 on the original campus, was later listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.法学院于 1894 年创设、医学院于 1902 年继之，学院由此获得最初两个专业项目，1921 年又开办首届暑期课程，建于 1887 至 1888 年老校园内的 Lea 实验室则于 1975 年列入国家史迹名录。

• Louise Heims Beck became the institution's first librarian in 1911 and later moved to New York, where she became a vaudeville impresario and the recipient of a Tony Award.Louise Heims Beck 于 1911 年成为该校首任图书馆馆长，其后赴纽约发展，成为杂耍演出经理并获得托尼奖。

• The leading college figure of the early 20th century was biologist William L. Poteat, known as Dr. Billy and the first layman elected president, who hired outstanding professors and expanded the science curriculum and, after stirring upheaval among North Carolina Baptists with his support for teaching evolution, won formal convention backing for academic freedom.20 世纪初学校的核心人物是生物学家 William L. Poteat，人称「Billy 博士」，也是校史上首位非教内人士校长，他延揽杰出教授并扩充科学课程，虽因力主讲授进化论在北卡 Baptist 群体中掀起风波，最终仍促使州大会正式承认学院的学术自由。

• Under dean Coy Cornelius Carpenter the School of Medicine moved to Winston-Salem, then the second-largest city in North Carolina, in 1941 and became the Bowman Gray School of Medicine while shifting from a two-year to a four-year programme, and in 1942, after World War II depleted the pool of male students, Wake Forest admitted its first female undergraduates.在院长 Coy Cornelius Carpenter 主持下，医学院于 1941 年迁往北卡第二大城市温斯顿-塞勒姆并改制为 Bowman Gray 医学院、由两年制改为四年制，1942 年二战使男生生源急剧减少之后，维克森林首次招收本科女生。

• Large gifts from the Z. Smith Reynolds Foundation in 1946 made the move possible, Mary Reynolds Babcock, the daughter of tobacco magnate R. J. Reynolds, and her husband Charles donated about 330 acres of fields and woods at their Reynolda estate, a proposed renaming to Smith Reynolds University was dropped, and fourteen Georgian buildings rose between 1952 and 1956 for the fall 1956 term.Z. Smith Reynolds 基金会在 1946 年的大额捐赠使迁址成为可能，烟草大亨 R. J. Reynolds 之女 Mary Reynolds Babcock 与丈夫 Charles 捐出 Reynolda 庄园田地林木约 330 英亩、约合 1.3 平方公里，学校曾考虑改名 Smith Reynolds 大学而作罢，1952 至 1956 年间新校区建成乔治式建筑十四栋，迎来 1956 年秋季开学。

• The old campus in the town of Wake Forest was sold to the Baptist State Convention to establish Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary, while a graduate studies programme inaugurated in 1961 and full accreditation in 1967 created Wake Forest University, joined by the Babcock Graduate School of Management, now the School of Business, in 1969 and the James R. Scales Fine Arts Center in 1979.位于 Wake Forest 镇的老校园售予浸信会州大会以创设东南浸信会神学院，1961 年创办的研究生项目与 1967 年的全面认证则使学校成为维克森林大学，1969 年增设 Babcock 工商管理研究生院即今商学院，1979 年 James R. Scales 美术中心落成。

• On April 27, 1962, the board of trustees voted to accept Edward Reynolds, a native of Ghana transferring from Shaw University, as the first black full-time undergraduate, making Wake Forest the first major private university in the South to desegregate, and Reynolds, the first black graduate with a history degree in 1964, later took master's degrees at Ohio University and Yale Divinity School and a London doctorate in 1972 before teaching at the University of California, San Diego.校董会于 1962 年 4 月 27 日表决接受加纳出生、自 Shaw 大学转学的 Edward Reynolds 为首名黑人全日制本科生，使维克森林成为美国南方第一所完成种族融合的主要私立大学，Reynolds 于 1964 年以历史学学士学位成为首位黑人毕业生，先后在俄亥俄大学与耶鲁神学院取得硕士、1972 年获伦敦大学非洲史博士，此后执教于加州大学圣迭戈分校。

• Diversity milestones reach back to 1909, when Japanese student Konsukie Akiyama became the first Asian graduate, and 1958, when James G. Jones of the Lumbee nation became the first American Indian graduate, while on February 23, 1960 ten Wake Forest students joined eleven from Winston-Salem State Teachers College in a sit-in at the downtown Woolworth's lunch counter and Martin Luther King Jr. spoke in Wait Chapel on October 11, 1962.多元史上的标志可上溯至 1909 年日本学生 Konsukie Akiyama 成为首位亚裔毕业生、1958 年来自 Lumbee 族的 James G. Jones 成为首位美洲原住民毕业生，1960 年 2 月 23 日十名维克森林学生又与十一名温斯顿-塞勒姆州立师范学校学生在市中心伍尔沃斯百货午餐台发起静坐抗议，Martin Luther King Jr. 于 1962 年 10 月 11 日在校内 Wait 礼拜堂发表演说。

• Herman Eure in biology and Dolly McPherson in English became the first black tenure-track professors in 1974, the Office of Minority Affairs formed in 1978 became the Office of Multicultural Affairs alongside a diversity office, an LGBTQ Center and a Women's Center, and the poet Maya Angelou was hired as Reynolds Professor of American Studies in 1982 before a cultural diversity requirement arrived in 2002 and the first Muslim and Jewish Life chaplains in 2010 and 2011.生物学家 Herman Eure 与英语教师 Dolly McPherson 于 1974 年成为首批黑人终身教职序列教师，1978 年设立的少数民族事务办公室后改为多元文化办公室，学校又陆续增设多元与包容办公室、LGBTQ 中心与女性中心，诗人 Maya Angelou 于 1982 年受聘为 Reynolds 美国研究讲席教授，课程于 2002 年增设文化多元必修要求，2010 与 2011 年分设首任穆斯林与犹太生活辅导牧师。

• Beginning in 1979 Wake Forest renegotiated its ties with the Baptist State Convention of North Carolina to gain academic freedom and seat non-Baptist trustees, winning full autonomy in 1986 with a fraternal relationship kept, while Philip Hanes and his wife Charlotte deeded Middleton House and its five surrounding acres in 1992, a donation completed only in 2011.1979 年起，学校调整与北卡罗来纳州浸信会州大会的关系，以争取学术自由并容纳非 Baptist 校董，1986 年获得完全自治而仅保持友爱关系，Philip Hanes 夫妇则于 1992 年赠与 Middleton 宅邸及周边五英亩土地，该项捐赠至 2011 年才全部交割完成。

• After announcing plans for downtown undergraduate teaching on September 16, 2015, the university confirmed biomedical sciences and engineering programmes at Wake Downtown on March 18, 2016, and that campus opened in January 2017 inside a former R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company plant beside the School of Medicine's second campus, which had opened in July 2016.继 2015 年 9 月 16 日宣布在市中心创新区开设本科课程之后，学校于 2016 年 3 月 18 日确定在崭新的 Wake Downtown 校区开设生物医学科学与工程项目，该校区 2017 年 1 月启用，馆舍由 R. J. Reynolds 烟草公司旧厂房改建，紧邻 2016 年 7 月开园的医学院第二校区。

• The university was drawn into national controversies, from the November 2016 WakeyLeaks scandal over leaked Demon Deacons football playbooks to the Varsity Blues admissions case of March 12, 2019, in which former volleyball coach Bill Ferguson accepted a 50,000 dollar bribe, and on February 21, 2020 Wake Forest officially apologised for the institution's role in benefiting from enslaved people.学校曾卷入两起全国性争议，一是 2016 年 11 月 Demon Deacons 橄榄球战术资料外泄的「WakeyLeaks」事件，二是 2019 年 3 月 12 日的「Varsity Blues」招生案，前排球教练 Bill Ferguson 收受 5 万美元贿赂为一名学生入学说项，2020 年 2 月 21 日维克森林又就其在奴隶制时期受益于奴隶劳动一事正式公开道歉。

• Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center and Atrium Health announced a partnership in 2019 for a Charlotte campus of the School of Medicine, a seven-story tower on a 20-acre site at Baxter and McDowell Streets revealed on March 24, 2021, with construction starting in 2022, the first students in 2024 and the official opening in 2025.维克森林 Baptist 医疗中心与 Atrium Health 于 2019 年宣布合作共建医学院夏洛特校区，2021 年 3 月 24 日公布的方案为坐落于 Baxter 与 McDowell 街角、占地 20 英亩的七层塔楼，2022 年动工，2024 年首批学生入学，2025 年正式启用。

• President Jimmy Carter delivered a major National Security address in Wait Chapel on March 17, 1978, and the same chapel hosted presidential debates between George H. W. Bush and Michael Dukakis on September 25, 1988 and between George W. Bush and Al Gore on October 11, 2000, while Bill Clinton later campaigned there for Hillary Clinton in 2016.Carter 总统于 1978 年 3 月 17 日在 Wait 礼拜堂发表重要的国家安全演说，同一座礼拜堂又先后主持 1988 年 9 月 25 日老布什对 Dukakis、2000 年 10 月 11 日小布什对戈尔的两场总统辩论，Clinton 则于 2016 年在此为希拉里·克林顿的总统竞选站台。

Academics

• Alongside the Undergraduate College, Wake Forest maintains the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences and five professional schools, the School of Business, the School of Divinity, the School of Law, the School of Medicine and the School of Professional Studies.除本科学院外，维克森林设有艺术与科学研究生院以及五所专业学院，即商学院、神学院、法学院、医学院与职业研究学院。

• For freshmen entering in the fall of 2023 the university received 17,479 applications, admitted 3,768, or 21.56 percent, and enrolled 1,385, a yield of 36.75 percent, with the class about 55 percent women and 45 percent men.面向 2023 年入秋新生，学校共收到 17479 份申请，录取 3768 人、录取率 21.56%，实际报到 1385 人、报到率 36.75%，新生中女生约占 55%、男生占 45%。

• In May 2008 Wake Forest became the first university ranked in the top 30 of the U.S. News national table to make entrance exams optional and publishes no explanation of how scored and unscored applicants are compared, and among those who did submit, the middle 50 percent scored 1410 to 1500 on the SAT out of 26 percent of applicants and 32 to 34 on the ACT out of 22 percent.2008 年 5 月，维克森林成为 US News 全国 30 强院校中率先把入学标准化考试改为选考的第一所，且从未公布如何比较提交与未提交成绩申请人的说明，提交 SAT 者占申请人数 26%、其间 50% 总分在 1410 至 1500 之间，提交 ACT 者占 22%、中间 50% 综合分为 32 至 34 分。

• The median family income of enrolled students is 221,500 dollars, with 71 percent coming from the top fifth of earning families, the estimated cost of attendance for 2025-26 reaches 94,600 dollars including 70,332 dollars of tuition, and on September 17, 2025 Wake Forest announced tuition-free admissions for some low-income North Carolina residents beginning in fall 2026.在校生家庭收入中位数为 221500 美元、71% 来自收入最高的前五分之一家庭，2025-26 学年预估就读成本达 94600 美元、其中学费 70332 美元，2025 年 9 月 17 日维克森林宣布自 2026 年秋起面向部分北卡罗来纳州低收入家庭学生实行免学费录取。

• Students declare a major in the second semester of the sophomore year and need 120 credit hours spanning first-year and writing seminars, health and physical education, foreign language literature and divisional requirements, and the university offers 50 majors, 60 interdisciplinary minors and an Open Curriculum option under which a few committee-approved students design their own course of study.学生一般在二年级下学期确定专业，毕业须修满 120 学分，由一年级研讨课、写作研讨课、健康体育与外语文学等核心课加学科门类必修课与选修课构成，学校开设 50 个本科专业与 60 个跨学科辅修项目，另设开放课程通道，少量经委员会批准的学生可在导师指导下自定培养方案。

• The School of Business, founded in 1969 as the Babcock School of Management and now housed in Farrell Hall, offers seven master's and four joint-degree programmes plus a Bachelor of Science with majors in accountancy, business and enterprise management, finance and mathematical business, and its accountancy track earns a student both a B.S. and an M.S. in five years toward CPA eligibility.商学院前身是 1969 年设立的 Babcock 管理学院，现位于主校区 Farrell Hall，设七个硕士与四个联合学位项目，本科商学理学学士涵盖会计、商业与创业管理、金融与数理商务四个方向，会计项目使学生在五年连读后同时获得理学学士与会计学硕士并取得注册会计师考试资格。

• The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences offers 25 programmes and 11 certificates, comprising eleven areas of Ph.D. study and 30 master's degrees, together with nine joint programmes run with the professional schools and the undergraduate college.艺术与科学研究生院开设 25 个专业与 11 个证书项目，包括十一个博士方向与 30 个硕士学位，并与各专业学院和本科学院合办九个联合项目。

• The School of Law, established in 1894, accredited by the American Bar Association and belonging to the Association of American Law Schools, is consistently ranked by U.S. News among the top 30 under dean Andrew Klein with 52 resident and 40 extended faculty, and grants J.D., J.D./M.Div., J.D./M.A., Master of Studies in Law, LL.M., S.J.D. and J.D./M.B.A. degrees with first-year sections capped at 40 and legal writing at 20.法学院创建于 1894 年，获美国律师协会认证并为美国法学院协会成员，US News 稳居全美前 30，院长 Andrew Klein 麾下驻校教师 52 人、扩展教师 40 人，学位涵盖法律博士、法律兼神学硕士、法律兼宗教学与生命伦理学文学硕士、法学研究硕士、美国法法学硕士、法学科学博士及与商学院合办的法律兼工商管理硕士，一年级课堂人数上限 40 人、法律写作课 20 人。

• Founded in 1902, the School of Medicine directs the education of about 1,800 students and fellows each year across its Bowman Gray and downtown campuses, awarding M.D., Ph.D. and M.S. degrees including one for physician assistants, running five joint-degree and nurse anaesthesia and medical technology programmes, and serving as clinical site for 10 Forsyth Technical Community College programmes.医学院创立于 1902 年，依托 Bowman Gray 与市中心两处温斯顿-塞勒姆校园每年指导约 1800 名学生与住院医师，授予医学博士、哲学博士与理学硕士含医师助理方向学位，另设五个联合学位及护士麻醉、医学技术教学项目，并承担福赛斯社区技术学院 10 个专业的临床教学。

• In its 2016 edition U.S. News ranked the medical school tied for 52nd among research schools and tied for 74th in primary care with its nurse anaesthesia programme 10th nationally, and the school stands in the top third for National Institutes of Health funding, having drawn nearly 185 million dollars in research awards in fiscal 2012 and pledged 100 million dollars in November 2023.US News 2016 年版将医学院列为研究型第 52 位并列、初级医疗第 74 位并列，其护士麻醉项目居全美第 10，医学院从国立卫生研究院获得的人均总资助位于全美前三分之一，2012 财年已获联邦与州政府、产业界科研资助近 1.85 亿美元，2023 年 11 月再承诺出资 1 亿美元支持研究。

• Planning for the School of Divinity began in April 1989, Bill J. Leonard became its first dean in May 1996, the first 24 students enrolled in August 1999 and the first Master of Divinity degrees came on May 20, 2002, and the accredited school, self-described as Christian by tradition, Baptist in heritage and ecumenical in outlook, has had deans Gail O'Day from 2010, Jonathan L. Walton from 2019 and Corey D. B. Walker since September 2023 with 18 faculty, five adjuncts and 12 associated members.神学院筹建始于 1989 年 4 月，Bill J. Leonard 于 1996 年 5 月出任首任院长，1999 年 8 月首批 24 名学生入学，2002 年 5 月 20 日授予首批神学硕士学位，该学院获神学院协会认证并自述源于基督宗教传统、承 Baptist 衣钵而持大公普世视野，历任院长为 2010 年起的 Gail O'Day、2019 年起的 Jonathan L. Walton 与 2023 年 9 月起的 Corey D. B. Walker，现有教师 18 人、兼职 5 人、兼任 12 人。

• The School of Professional Studies, established in 2021, offers master's programmes, graduate certificates, non-credit programmes and boot camps taught largely online, and a Charlotte location for it was announced for 2022.职业研究学院成立于 2021 年，提供硕士项目、研究生证书、非学分课程与短期训练营，课程大部分在线讲授，2022 年又宣布在夏洛特设立教学点。

• Including the professional schools the university employs 1,996 faculty members, of whom 84.5 percent are full-time, 93 percent of undergraduate faculty hold doctorates or other terminal degrees, the faculty-to-student ratio is 1 to 11, and U.S. News tied Wake Forest 10th for undergraduate teaching in its 2016 report.计入各专业学院，全校共有教师 1996 人、其中 84.5% 为全职，本科教师中 93% 持有博士学位或其他终末学位，生师比为 11 比 1，US News 在 2016 年报告中把维克森林的本科教学列为并列第 10。

• Wake Forest is classified among R2 doctoral universities with high research spending and doctorate production, and according to the National Science Foundation it spent 191 million dollars on research and development in 2018, ranking 117th in the nation.维克森林被归入 R2 研究型大学，即高研究投入与高博士产出档，据美国国家科学基金会统计，其 2018 年研发支出达 1.91 亿美元，居全美第 117 位。

• Interdisciplinary work runs through one provost-sponsored institute, the Humanities Institute, and eleven centres, including those for nanotechnology and molecular materials, translational science, bioethics, health and society, the BB&T Center for the Study of Capitalism and the Andrew Sabin Family Center for Environment and Sustainability.跨学科研究以一个教务长资助的人文研究所牵头，另设十一个研究中心，涵盖纳米技术与分子材料、转化科学、生命伦理健康与社会、BB&T 资本主义研究中心和 Andrew Sabin 环境可持续家庭中心等。

• Study abroad runs through more than 400 semester, summer and year-long programmes in 200 cities across over 70 countries, with university-sponsored sites in Santiago, Dijon, Cambridge, Salamanca and Hirakata near Osaka as well as the owned houses in Venice, Vienna and London.海外学习项目逾 400 个，覆盖 70 多国 200 座城市的学期、暑期与学年课程，校方自设基地分布于圣地亚哥、第戎、剑桥、萨拉曼卡与大阪近郊羽曳野市，另有威尼斯、维也纳、伦敦三处自有校舍。

• Pre-college programmes for high school students began with the Summer Immersion in 2015, offering 23 institutes in STEM, the social sciences and creative disciplines, and the Online Immersion in 2016 with nine courses, all taught by Wake Forest faculty and staff under the Office of Professional and Career Development.面向高中生的先修沉浸项目始于 2015 年的暑期营，提供理工、社会科学与创作类共 23 个研习营，2016 年又上线九个在线课程，全部由维克森林教师与职员授课，归入专业与职业发展办公室管理。

• Wake Forest University Press was established in 1976 by Irish scholar Dillon Johnston with the support of provost Edwin Wilson and president James Ralph Scales, and its list emphasises Irish poetry by writers such as Ciaran Carson, Thomas Kinsella, Michael Longley, Medbh McGuckian and Nuala Ni Dhomhnaill.维克森林大学出版社由爱尔兰学者 Dillon Johnston 于 1976 年创建，获教务长 Edwin Wilson 与校长 James Ralph Scales 支持，书目侧重爱尔兰诗歌，作者包括 Ciaran Carson、Thomas Kinsella、Michael Longley、Medbh McGuckian 与 Nuala Ni Dhomhnaill 等。

Campus

• The Reynolda Campus holds the undergraduate colleges, three of the four graduate/professional schools and half the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, its two interlinked quads split by Reynolda Hall into North and South Campus, and its Georgian architecture keeps it constantly listed among the most beautiful campuses in North Carolina and the United States.Reynolda 主校区容纳本科学院、四所研究生学院中的三所以及艺术与科学研究生院的一半项目，两片相连方庭被行政与餐饮主楼 Reynolda Hall 分为南北校区，乔治亚式建筑风格使它常年入选北卡与美国最美校园之列。

• North Campus centres on Hearn Plaza, called the quad, with six upperclassmen residential houses, shops and Wait Chapel, whose classrooms house the School of Divinity and the religion department.北校区以被称为方庭的 Hearn Plaza 为核心，有六栋高年级宿舍、商店与 Wait 礼拜堂，礼拜堂内教室供神学院与宗教学系使用。

• South Campus is Manchester Quad, named for substantial donors Doug and Elizabeth Manchester, holding freshman housing, most classroom buildings, the Benson Center and the Z. Smith Reynolds Library.南校区即 Manchester 方庭，得名于大额捐赠者 Doug 与 Elizabeth Manchester 夫妇，内有新生宿舍、多数教学楼、Benson 中心与 Z. Smith Reynolds 图书馆。

• The Reynolda House Museum of American Art, built in 1917 by Katharine Smith Reynolds and her husband Richard Joshua Reynolds, founder of the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, was converted to a museum in 1967, affiliated with Wake Forest in 2002, and displays works by Mary Cassatt, Frederic Church, Jacob Lawrence, Georgia O'Keeffe and Gilbert Stuart free to students and staff, anchoring a 2010 orientation project around Church's The Andes of Ecuador.美国艺术 Reynolda 馆由 Katharine Smith Reynolds 与丈夫、R. J. Reynolds 烟草公司创立者 Richard Joshua Reynolds 于 1917 年建成，1967 年改为美术馆并于 2002 年隶属维克森林，展出 Mary Cassatt、Frederic Church、Jacob Lawrence、Georgia O'Keeffe 与 Gilbert Stuart 等名家作品，学生与教工免费入场，2010 年更以 Church 的《厄瓜多尔安第斯山》作为新生暑期引导项目核心。

• Reynolda Gardens, a 129-acre preserve once at the centre of the Reynolds estate with a lake, golf course, formal gardens, greenhouses and woods, serves as a learning centre for horticulture, environmental sciences and landscape history, while Reynolda Village, modelled on an English village within the original 1,067-acre estate, is owned and operated by the university.Reynolda 园林是占地 129 英亩的保护区，旧为 Reynolds 庄园的核心，有湖、高尔夫球场、规整花园、温室与林地，今作园艺、环境科学与景观史教学基地，仿英国村落样式、原属 1067 英亩庄园的 Reynolda 村则由大学自持自营，街区内店铺、餐馆、服务与办公俱全。

• Graylyn, built in 1932 as a private estate for Bowman Gray, Sr., passed to the Bowman Gray School of Medicine in 1946 and to Wake Forest University in 1972, and is now run as an international conference centre described as one of the premier meeting destinations of the American southeast.Graylyn 宅邸建于 1932 年，原为 Bowman Gray 父辈的私人庄园，1946 年移交 Bowman Gray 医学院，1972 年归维克森林大学，今为国际会议中心，被称为美国东南部一流会址。

• The Bowman Gray Campus in the Ardmore neighbourhood holds the School of Medicine and its clinical partner Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, a medical centre with about 13,000 employees that is the largest employer in the Piedmont Triad region, with some Graduate School programmes in Historic Brookstown downtown.Ardmore 社区的 Bowman Gray 校区是医学院及其临床伙伴 Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist 所在地，该医疗中心雇员约 1.3 万人，是皮德蒙特三联区最大雇主，研究生院亦有部分项目设于市中心的历史 Brookstown 街区。

• Wake Forest Biotech Place opened in the downtown Innovation Quarter in February 2012 as a 242,000-square-foot, roughly 22,500 square metre, biotechnology research centre, followed in December 2012 by the commercialisation arm Wake Forest Innovations, whose task is translating discoveries into products for both the medical center and the university.2012 年 2 月，Wake Forest 生物科技园在市中心创新区启用，为约 24.2 万平方英尺、近 2.25 万平方米的生物技术研究中心，同年 12 月又设立成果转化机构 Wake Forest Innovations，负责把发现转化为医疗中心与大学两方的产品与服务。

• The University Corporate Center, more than 500,000 square feet built as the world headquarters of the Reynolds Tobacco Company and donated by RJR Nabisco in 1987, houses information systems, finance, procurement and accounting offices alongside tenants such as Aon Consulting, BB&T and Pepsi.大学企业中心原为 Reynolds 烟草公司全球总部，面积逾 50 万平方英尺，1987 年由 RJR Nabisco 捐赠校方，现设信息系统、财务、采购与会计部门，租户包括怡安咨询、BB&T 与百事。

• Wake Forest purchased the Lawrence Joel Veterans Memorial Coliseum and 33 surrounding acres from the City of Winston-Salem on August 1, 2013, the 14,407-seat arena having housed the men's and women's basketball teams since it opened in 1989.2013 年 8 月 1 日，维克森林从温斯顿-塞勒姆市购入劳伦斯·乔尔退伍军人纪念体育馆及外围 33 英亩土地，这座 14407 座场馆自 1989 年落成起即为男女篮球队主场。

• Beyond Winston-Salem the School of Business opened a Charlotte centre in 1995 and moved in January 2001 into a 30,000-square-foot award-winning facility on North College Street, the Washington, D.C. campus teaches undergraduates in spring and fall and law students in spring and summer, and overseas houses include Venice's Casa Artom of 1974, facing the Grand Canal and named for professor Camillo Artom, Vienna's Flow House, an 1898 former U.S. Consulate villa bought in 1998 through the gift of Vic and Roddy Flow, and London's Worrell House of 1977, once painter Charles Edward Johnson's Hampstead home, each hosting students with a resident professor every term.温斯顿-塞勒姆之外，商学院 1995 年设夏洛特中心、2001 年 1 月迁入 North College 街 3 万平方英尺的获奖新址，华盛顿特区校区春秋授本科、春夏授法学，海外自有校舍包括 1974 年购得、面向大运河并以 Camillo Artom 教授命名的威尼斯 Casa Artom，1998 年由 Vic 与 Roddy Flow 夫妇捐赠购自、建于 1898 年的原美国领事馆别墅维也纳 Flow House，以及 1977 年取得、曾属风景画家 Charles Edward Johnson 的伦敦 Hampstead 住宅 Worrell House，每学期各住有一批随驻校教授学习的维克森林学生。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 Wake Forest University is placed in the 801-850 band, the ranking position for which this bilingual entry is written.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，维克森林大学列第 801-850 位，本双语条目即据此档位收录。

• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 place the university in the 451-500 band, its strongest position among the four major world tables covered here.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将该校列于第 451-500 位，是其在本条目所涉四大世界榜单中的最好名次。

• In the 2026-27 edition of the U.S. News Best Global Universities table Wake Forest stands at number 514 in the world.在 2026-27 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中，维克森林位列世界第 514 名。

• The 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities, the Shanghai Ranking, lists Wake Forest in its 501-600 band.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名将该校列于第 501-600 档。

• The 2027 U.S. News America's Best Colleges report ranks Wake Forest 12th for best undergraduate teaching, 32nd for best value and tied for 34th among national universities, while Forbes places it 33rd among research universities and 46th among private colleges.US News 2027 年全美最佳大学报告将维克森林列为本科教学第 12、最佳价值第 32、全国大学并列第 34，福布斯则列其研究型大学第 33、私立院校第 46。

• Wake Forest holds institutional accreditation from the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, its admissions are rated most selective at about 21.6 percent admitted, U.S. News in 2024 ranked it third among North Carolina national universities behind Duke and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and for that standing it is often listed among the Hidden Ivy and Southern Ivy schools.该校获美国南部学院与学校协会的机构认证，本科招生被 US News 评为最为严格、录取率约 21.6%，2024 年被 US News 列为北卡罗来纳州全国大学第三、仅次于杜克大学与北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校，并因这一地位常被归入隐形常春藤与南方常春藤之列。

• As a quantifiable research baseline, the National Science Foundation recorded 191 million dollars of research and development spending in 2018, the School of Medicine drew nearly 185 million dollars of research funding in fiscal 2012 and pledged 100 million dollars more in November 2023.就可计量的科研产出口径而言，美国国家科学基金会记录其 2018 年研发支出 1.91 亿美元，医学院 2012 财年获科研资助近 1.85 亿美元，并于 2023 年 11 月再承诺出资 1 亿美元。

• Programme scale supplies further measurable markers, six schools, eleven doctoral fields plus 30 master's degrees in the Graduate School, 50 undergraduate majors, 1,996 faculty members and a student body of roughly 4,500 undergraduates.办学规模提供其他可核验数字，全校六所学院，研究生院设 11 个博士方向与 30 个硕士项目，本科 50 个专业，教师 1996 人，本科生约 4500 名。

• Scholarly distinction is measured in awards to its people, since 18 Rhodes Scholars including 13 since 1986, five Marshall Scholars, 18 Truman Scholars and 62 Fulbright recipients since 1993 have been affiliated with the university.学术声誉可用人物奖项衡量，与该校相关者包括 18 位罗德学者、其中 13 位出自 1986 年后，另有 5 位马歇尔学者、18 位杜鲁门学者，以及 1993 年以来的 62 位富布赖特获奖者。

• Its debate team won the National Debate Tournament in 1997 and 2008, reached the finals in 2006 and 2009, produced coaches of the year Ross Smith and Al Louden, and in 2010 became the first top-tier programme to publish all evidence openly online through a wiki.校辩论队 1997 与 2008 年两夺全国辩论锦标赛冠军，2006 与 2009 年进入决赛，产生 Ross Smith 与 Al Louden 两位年度最佳教练，并于 2010 年成为首支通过在线百科公开全部论证材料的顶级辩论队。

Student life

• More than 250 chartered organisations span the Model United Nations team, a handbell choir and the Mock Trial side that reached the 2006 national tournament, alongside College Republicans and Democrats, the literary society Philomathesian and troupes such as the Lilting Banshees, all overseen by the Office of Student Engagement, which also runs the CHARGE leadership course and the Volunteer Service Corps trips to Russia, Vietnam and Latin America that sent 30 students into Hurricane Katrina recovery in 2006.全校注册社团逾 250 个，涵盖模拟联合国队、手铃合唱队以及 2006 年春闯入全国锦标赛的模拟法庭队，校内设有共和党组织与民主党组织、文学社 Philomathesian 和 Lilting Banshees 喜剧社等团体，统归学生参与办公室管理，该办公室还主持贯穿一学期的领导力课程 CHARGE，并组织赴俄罗斯、越南与拉美的志愿服务之行，2006 年春曾派 30 名学生参加卡特里娜飓风灾后重建。

• Founded in 1923, Student Government works under a semi-presidential system with four executive officers elected each spring, a senate of about 60 members and seven standing committees, and the student trustee sits ex officio as liaison to the board of trustees.学生会成立于 1923 年，实行半总统制，每年春选举四名行政官，设约 60 席参议院与七个常设委员会，学生校董以当然成员身份在学生会与校董会之间居间联络。

• Student Union, the undergraduate events arm, plans Homecoming, Family Weekend, concerts and the Coffeehouse series, and its signature Shag on the Mag, begun in 2005 under Springfest chairman Joseph Bumgarner, tents Manchester Quad for live-band dancing, while the alma mater Dear Old Wake Forest and the fight song O Here's to Wake Forest mark commencement, convocation and games.本科学生活动机构 Student Union 负责筹备返校节、家庭周末、音乐会与咖啡馆系列演出，其招牌活动自 2005 年时任春季节主席 Joseph Bumgarner 创办以来以大棚覆盖 Manchester 方庭供学生现场伴乐跳沙格舞（一种社交舞），毕业礼、开学礼与球赛上则常唱校歌《Dear Old Wake Forest》与战歌《O Here's to Wake Forest》。

• Student media centre on the Old Gold and Black, the newspaper founded in 1916 and named for the university colours whose alumni include Bloomberg's Al Hunt, writer W. J. Cash and Pulitzer winner Wayne King, joined by Wake Forest Review, Wake TV, the yearbook Howler, the 2004 website The Student, the 1985 WAKE Radio and, oldest of all, the literary magazine 3 to 4 Ounces started in 1882, plus the law school's two journals from 1965 and 2001.学生媒体以 1916 年创刊、取名自校方代表色的「Old Gold and Black」校报为核心，其校友有彭博社 Al Hunt、作家 W. J. Cash 与普利策奖得主 Wayne King，另有《Wake Forest Review》、校园电视台 Wake TV、年鉴《Howler》、2004 年上线的学生网站 The Student、1985 年创建的学生广播 WAKE Radio，以及源头可溯至 1882 年、存续最久的文艺杂志《3 to 4 Ounces》，法学院更办有 1965 年与 2001 年创刊的两份学生期刊。

• WFDD, an NPR affiliate founded in 1946, broadcasts on 88.5 FM with 36,000 watts since 1967 and reaches 32 counties across North Carolina and Virginia.校园电台 WFDD 创办于 1946 年并加盟美国公共广播电台，自 1967 年起以 88.5 兆赫、3.6 万瓦功率播音，信号覆盖北卡与弗吉尼亚两州 32 个县。

• Housing is guaranteed for four years and required on campus for the first three as of 2010, with South Campus halls such as Babcock, Bostwick, Johnson, Luter, Collins, Hopkins, Huffman and Angelou for first-year students and the Quad and North areas, including Magnolia, Dogwood, Polo and Martin halls, for upperclassmen.学校保障四年住宿，2010 年起规定前三年须住校，新生入住 Babcock、Bostwick、Johnson、Luter、Collins、Hopkins、Huffman 与 Angelou 等南院宿舍楼，高年级则住方庭区与北区的 Magnolia、Dogwood、Polo、Martin 等楼。

• Fraternities and sororities count 24 chapters and about 45 percent of undergraduates, with recruiting centred on spring because new members must first complete a semester of full-time study, until mid-2010s scrutiny brought claims of sexual assault, racism and violence into public view.兄弟会与姐妹会共 24 个分会，成员约占本科生 45%，因新成员须先完成一学期全日制学习，招募集中于春季，2010 年代中期性侵、种族歧视与暴力指控使兄弟姐妹会组织陷入舆论审视。

• Recreation spans 36 club sport teams, intramural play in 18 sports involving over half the students and the Reynolds Gym, the oldest gym in the Atlantic Coast Conference renovated in March 2018 as the Wake Forest Wellbeing Center next to the Sutton Center of January 2016, while the Screamin' Demons program sells students 40-dollar season passes to the best seats, forfeited after two absences, because the arena seats only 2,250 of about 4,500 undergraduates.群众体育包括 36 支俱乐部队与 18 项校内联赛且过半学生参与，Reynolds 体育馆为大西洋海岸联盟最老的球馆，2018 年 3 月改造为维克森林健康中心并毗邻 2016 年 1 月开放的 Sutton 中心，Screamin' Demons 计划向学生出售 40 美元赛季票以坐进橄榄球和篮球赛最佳座位、缺席两场即取消资格，盖因学生看台仅能容纳约 4500 名本科生中的 2250 人。

• Traditions run from Arnold Palmer Day and the Chris Paul CP3 Day doughnut giveaway on Manchester Plaza to the Lovefeast begun in 1965 by Moravian student Jane Sherrill Stroupe, now the largest in the nation, Rolling the Quad with paper after Tobacco Road wins since the 1950s, Project Pumpkin since 1988, Pitsgiving, Lighting the Quad and Pro Humanitate Days, alongside the cancer drives Hit the Bricks, running since 2003 for the Brian Piccolo Cancer Research Fund, and the Wake 'N Shake marathon that raised more than 3 million dollars in 2022.校园传统包括纪念高尔夫名将 Arnold Palmer 的 Arnold Palmer 日、在 Manchester 广场发放甜甜圈庆祝球星 Chris Paul 的 CP3 日、1965 年由摩拉维亚教徒学生 Jane Sherrill Stroupe 发起而今为全国之最的爱心聚餐、自 1950 年代起战胜烟草之路对手后以卷纸铺满方庭的仪式、1988 年起步的南瓜计划、感恩节留守聚餐、点亮方庭与人道服务日，以及 2003 年起为 Brian Piccolo 癌症研究基金而跑的「Hit the Bricks」和 2022 年募资逾 300 万美元的 Wake 'N Shake 十二小时筹款马拉松。

• Every student takes at least one arts course before graduating, more than 500 students performed on campus in 2011-12, 110 public exhibitions filled the Scales Fine Arts Center in 2012-13, and the WFU Art Collections hold over 1,600 works in nine collections across 35 locations, with selected students making a buying trip to New York every four years.每个学生毕业前须至少修一门艺术课，2011-12 学年逾 500 名学生登台演出，2012-13 学年 Scales 美术中心举办公开展览 110 场，校方艺术收藏含九个子项逾 1600 件作品、分布于 35 处，每四年遴选学生赴纽约购藏一次。

Notable people

• The institution's founders were corporate rather than one man, since the North Carolina Baptist State Convention of 1833 ratified the school and bought the Jones plantation, and Samuel Wait served as its first principal and president.学校的创立主体是机构而非个人，北卡罗来纳州浸信会州大会在 1833 年批准建校并从 Calvin Jones 手中购得种植园，Samuel Wait 则出任首任负责人与校长。

• Nineteenth-century presidents Washington Manly Wingate, Thomas H. Pritchard and Charles Taylor rebuilt the college after the Civil War closure, and William L. Poteat, the first lay president of the college's history, presided over its early-20th-century expansion.19 世纪的校长 Washington Manly Wingate、Thomas H. Pritchard 与 Charles Taylor 在南北战争停办后重建学院，校史上首位世俗出身的校长 William L. Poteat 则主持了 20 世纪初的扩张。

• Thomas K. Hearn Jr. retired in 2005 after 22 years as president and lends his name to Hearn Plaza, Nathan O. Hatch, ex-provost of the University of Notre Dame and a religious historian who chaired the NCAA Division I Board, took office on July 1, 2005, the board named Susan Rae Wente the fourteenth and first female president on January 29, 2021, and Peter Rodriguez was chosen the fifteenth president on May 20, 2026.Thomas K. Hearn 二世任校长 22 年后于 2005 年卸任，Hearn Plaza 即以他命名，前圣母大学教务长、曾任全国大学体育协会一级董事会主席的宗教史学者 Nathan O. Hatch 于 2005 年 7 月 1 日就职，校董会 2021 年 1 月 29 日任命 Susan Rae Wente 为第十四任暨首任女校长，2026 年 5 月 20 日又选定 Peter Rodriguez 为第十五任校长。

• Maya Angelou, the poet, actress and author hired in 1982 as Reynolds Professor of American Studies, taught at Wake Forest until her death in 2014 and received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2010.集诗人、演员与作家于一身的 Maya Angelou 于 1982 年受聘为 Reynolds 美国研究讲席教授，执教至 2014 年去世，2010 年获颁总统自由勋章。

• Edward Reynolds, the Ghana-born transfer who became the first black undergraduate in 1962 and first black graduate in 1964, went on to a London doctorate and a professorship at the University of California, San Diego, and biologists and writers of colour followed, with Herman Eure, Dolly McPherson and the Barbee Oakes of the 2012 diversity-award year all carrying the story forward.加纳出生的转学生 Edward Reynolds 于 1962 年成为首位黑人本科生、1964 年成为首位黑人毕业生，此后获伦敦大学博士学位并任加州大学圣迭戈分校教授，有色人种学者接续其后，Herman Eure、Dolly McPherson 与 2012 年获多元化表彰的 Barbee Oakes 皆为其后声。

• Among research faculty, Anthony Atala, director of the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, had his organ-growing work named the number one science story of 2007 by Discover and the fifth medical breakthrough of 2011 by Time, David Carroll directs the Center for Nanotechnology and Molecular Materials, John A. Allison IV, former head of the Cato Institute and chairman of BB&T, teaches in the business school, and the politics chair Melissa Harris-Perry, printmaker David Faber and psychologist Linda Nielsen complete the roll.科研教师中，再生医学研究所所长 Anthony Atala 的器官培育研究被《Discover》评为 2007 年度头号科学报道、被《Time》列为 2011 年医学第五大突破，David Carroll 执掌纳米技术与分子材料中心，前卡托研究所负责人兼 BB&T 董事长 John A. Allison 四世在商学院任教，政治讲席教授 Melissa Harris-Perry、版画家 David Faber 与心理学家 Linda Nielsen 亦在其列。

• Wake Forest counts more than 82,000 living alumni, 39 percent in North Carolina and the rest across 97 foreign countries, and its graduates include ten college founders and presidents such as James Archibald Campbell, Spright Dowell, Michael Maxey and George M. Modlin, seven U.S. governors, members of Congress, six federal officials, five diplomats, three billionaires and a Pulitzer winner.校友总数逾 8.2 万人、其中 39% 居住于北卡罗来纳州，其余散布于 97 个国家，毕业生中有十位大学创办者与校长，包括 James Archibald Campbell、Spright Dowell、Michael Maxey 与 George M. Modlin，另有七位州长、多位国会议员、六位联邦官员、五位外交官、三位亿万富翁和一位普利策奖得主。

• In sport the alumni roll runs from basketball players Tim Duncan, a two-time league MVP and five-time NBA champion, Chris Paul, the 2006 rookie of the year and a 12-time All-Star, and Muggsy Bogues, the shortest player in NBA history, to golfers Arnold Palmer, Curtis Strange, Lanny Wadkins and Webb Simpson and footballers Norm Snead, Billy Ray Barnes, Bill George and Brian Piccolo.体育界校友包括两夺常规赛最有价值球员、五获 NBA 总冠军的篮球手 Tim Duncan，2006 年最佳新秀、12 次入选全明星的 Chris Paul，以及 NBA 历史最矮球员 Muggsy Bogues，高尔夫方面有 Arnold Palmer、Curtis Strange、Lanny Wadkins 与 Webb Simpson，橄榄球方面则有 Norm Snead、Billy Ray Barnes、Bill George 与 Brian Piccolo。

• Political alumni include senators Richard Burr and Kay Hagan and representatives Ted Budd, Donna Edwards, George Holding, Larry Kissell and Brad Knott, governors Thomas Walter Bickett, Bob Ehrlich and Charles Aurelius Smith, diplomat Robert S. Gilchrist, Republican National Committee chair Michael Whatley, Biden economics adviser Jennifer M. Harris and veterans affairs secretary Robert Wilkie.政界校友有参议员 Richard Burr 与 Kay Hagan，众议员 Ted Budd、Donna Edwards、George Holding、Larry Kissell 与 Brad Knott，州长 Thomas Walter Bickett、Bob Ehrlich 与 Charles Aurelius Smith，外交官 Robert S. Gilchrist，共和党全国委员会主席 Michael Whatley，拜登政府经济顾问 Jennifer M. Harris 与退伍军人事务部长 Robert Wilkie。

• In business the names run from PepsiCo chief executive D. Wayne Calloway, Dish Network co-founder Charlie Ergen and Emerson Electric chief David Farr to Smithfield Foods' Joseph W. Luter III, Stephens Inc.'s Warren Stephens and Wachovia's G. Kennedy Thompson, while media alumni span novelist Emily Giffin, Miss America Cheslie Kryst, Fox News's Dagen McDowell and Wayne King of the 1967 Detroit riot Pulitzer.工商界校友有百事公司首席执行官 D. Wayne Calloway、Dish Network 联合创始人 Charlie Ergen、艾默生电气首席执行官 David Farr，以及史密斯菲尔德食品公司 Joseph W. Luter 三世、Stephens 公司 Warren Stephens 与瓦乔维亚银行 G. Kennedy Thompson，传媒界则有小说家 Emily Giffin、美国小姐 Cheslie Kryst、福克斯新闻 Dagen McDowell 与凭 1967 年底特律骚乱报道获普利策奖的 Wayne King。