Victoria University of Wellington

Victoria University of Wellington, known in Māori as Te Herenga Waka, is a public research university in Wellington, the capital of New Zealand.惠灵顿维多利亚大学（毛利语称 Te Herenga Waka，简称 VUW）是一所位于新西兰首都惠灵顿的公立研究型大学。

It was founded in 1897, named after Queen Victoria in her Diamond Jubilee year, and was a constituent college of the University of New Zealand until that body was dissolved in 1961.该校创立于 1897 年，值维多利亚女王登基钻禧之年，因女王而得名；至 1961 年新西兰大学解散前，它一直是该联邦大学的组成学院。

The university is best known for law, the humanities and several scientific disciplines, and OpenAlex recorded 60,729 works and 1,984,528 citations for it as of the mid-2020s.该校以法学、人文学科及若干理学学科著称；截至 2020 年代中期，OpenAlex 记录其有 60,729 篇论著与 1,984,528 次引用。

History

• Higher education in the colony advanced with the University Endowment Act 1868, and in 1869 wealth from the Otago gold rush helped the provincial government of Otago lay the groundwork for the University of Otago.殖民地高等教育的推进始于 1868 年的《大学捐赠法案》；1869 年，奥塔哥淘金热带来的财富帮助奥塔哥省政府为奥塔哥大学奠基。

• In 1878 a royal commission recommended a federal system of four university colleges, two of them in Auckland and Wellington, while integrating the University of Otago and Canterbury College.1878 年，一个皇家委员会建议设立由四所大学学院组成的联邦体系，其中两所分别设于奥克兰与惠灵顿，并将奥塔哥大学与坎特伯雷学院一并纳入。

• Delayed by the recession that followed the collapse of the City of Glasgow Bank in 1878, the plan moved forward when parliament passed the Auckland University College Act in 1882.因 1878 年格拉斯哥城市银行倒闭引发的经济衰退而延宕后，该计划在议会于 1882 年通过《奥克兰大学学院法案》时取得进展。

• Robert Stout, Premier of New Zealand and later Chief Justice, was a leading advocate of a Wellington college and in June 1886 signalled the government's intention to create one specialising in law, political science and history.曾任新西兰总理、后任首席大法官的罗伯特·斯托特是设立惠灵顿学院的主要倡导者，并于 1886 年 6 月表示政府有意设立一所侧重法学、政治学与历史的学院。

• The Wellington University College Bill of 1887, which would have annexed the Colonial Museum, was defeated after a lengthy debate, partly because museum director James Hector objected.1887 年的《惠灵顿大学学院法案》本欲将殖民博物馆并入，但在长时间辩论后遭否决，部分原因是博物馆馆长詹姆斯·赫克托表示反对。

• In 1897 the premier Richard Seddon returned from Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee with an honorary law degree from Cambridge and decided that founding a college in Wellington would suitably mark the jubilee.1897 年，总理理查德·塞登带着剑桥大学授予的荣誉法学学位从维多利亚女王钻禧庆典归来，决定以在惠灵顿创办一所学院来纪念钻禧。

• Seddon introduced the Victoria College Bill in December 1897, telling members he did not think there would be any question about the necessity of a university college in Wellington.塞登于 1897 年 12 月提出《维多利亚学院法案》，并向议员表示，他并不认为惠灵顿是否需要一所大学学院会有疑问。

• The college was governed by a sixteen-man council whose inaugural meeting took place on 23 May 1898, with Charles Wilson, then chief librarian of the Parliamentary Library, serving as its chairman for two years.该学院由一个有十六名成员的校务委员会管理，其首次会议于 1898 年 5 月 23 日召开；时任议会图书馆馆长的查尔斯·威尔逊担任委员会主席两年。

• Four foundation professors arrived in 1899: John Rankine Brown in classics, Hugh Mackenzie in English language and literature, Thomas Easterfield in chemistry and physics, and Richard Cockburn Maclaurin in mathematics.四位创始教授于 1899 年到任：约翰·兰金·布朗任古典学教授，休·麦肯齐任英语语言与文学教授，托马斯·伊斯特菲尔德任化学与物理教授，理查德·科克本·麦克劳林任数学教授。

• For its first decade the college owned no property of its own, holding early classes at Wellington Girls' High School and a technical school building on Victoria Street.建校头十年，该学院没有自有房产，早期课程在惠灵顿女子中学与维多利亚街的一座技术学校建筑内进行。

• The motto Sapientia magis auro desideranda was adopted in 1902, and in 1903 the college adopted a badge and coat of arms with three crowns, the stars of the Southern Cross and the crest of Wellington, choosing the colours dark green and gold.校训「Sapientia magis auro desideranda」于 1902 年确立；1903 年该校启用含三顶王冠、南十字星与惠灵顿纹章的徽记与纹章，并选定深绿与金黄为校色。

• In February 1901 the Wairarapa sheep farmer Charles Pharazyn offered 1,000 pounds if the college were built on a six-acre hill site in Kelburn, and the Kelburn to Karori tramway, today's Wellington Cable Car, was completed the next year.1901 年 2 月，怀拉拉帕的牧场主查尔斯·法拉津提出，若学院建在凯尔本一块六英亩的山坡地上，他愿捐赠 1,000 英镑；凯尔本至卡罗里缆车线（即今日的惠灵顿缆车）于次年建成。

• Construction at Kelburn began in 1902, the governor Lord Plunket laid the foundation stone of the main building on 27 August 1904, and it opened on 30 March 1906 in a Gothic Revival design by F. Penty and E. M. Blake.凯尔本校区于 1902 年动工；总督普伦基特勋爵于 1904 年 8 月 27 日为主楼奠基，该校舍由 F. 彭蒂与 E. M. 布莱克设计、呈哥特复兴风格，于 1906 年 3 月 30 日启用。

• After the First World War north and south wings were added to the main building, which was named after Thomas Hunter, a professor of mental science and political economy.第一次世界大战后，主楼增建南北两翼；该楼以精神科学与政治经济学教授托马斯·亨特之名命名。

• An extramural branch founded at Palmerston North in 1960 merged with Massey College on 1 January 1963, and the merged college became Massey University on 1 January 1964.1960 年在北帕默斯顿设立的函授分部于 1963 年 1 月 1 日与梅西学院合并，合并后的学院于 1964 年 1 月 1 日成为梅西大学。

• When the University of New Zealand was dissolved in 1961 the college became Victoria University of Wellington and began conferring its own degrees.1961 年新西兰大学解散后，该学院成为惠灵顿维多利亚大学，并开始自行授予学位。

• In 2015 the university opened a new campus in Auckland to meet growing demand for its courses and expertise.2015 年，该校在奥克兰开设新校区，以满足对其课程与专业人才日益增长的需求。

• In 2017 and 2018 the university explored renaming itself the University of Wellington to reduce confusion abroad, but the Minister of Education, Chris Hipkins, rejected the council's recommendation on 18 December 2018 after 75 per cent of 2,000 public submissions opposed it.2017 至 2018 年间，该校曾考虑更名为「惠灵顿大学」以减少海外混淆；但在 2,000 份公众意见中有 75% 反对后，教育部长克里斯·希普金斯于 2018 年 12 月 18 日否决了校务委员会的建议。

• In May 2023 the vice-chancellor Nic Smith confirmed a deficit of 33 million New Zealand dollars, with enrolments down 12.1 per cent in 2023 and full-time students falling from 17,000 in 2022 to 14,700 in 2023, prompting a proposed cut of 230 to 260 staff.2023 年 5 月，校长尼克·史密斯证实学校出现 3,300 万新西兰元赤字：2023 年注册人数下降 12.1%，全日制学生由 2022 年的 17,000 人降至 2023 年的 14,700 人，校方因此提议裁减 230 至 260 名员工。

• In October 2023 the university issued a request for proposal to sell 24 properties worth about 16 million dollars to help recover the deficit.2023 年 10 月，该校发出出售 24 处房产的招标请求，房产总值约 1,600 万美元，以弥补赤字。

• In July 2020 the university unveiled Te Huanui, a plan to demolish the Gordon Wilson Flats and create a gateway with an outdoor plaza and new facilities linking the Kelburn campus to the city.2020 年 7 月，该校公布「Te Huanui」方案，计划拆除戈登·威尔逊公寓，打造一个带户外广场与新设施的门户，把凯尔本校区与山下城区连接起来。

Academics

• A reorganisation approved in October 2024 left seven faculties: Architecture and Design Innovation, Business and Government, Education, Health and Psychological Sciences, Graduate Research, Humanities and Social Sciences, Law, and Science and Engineering.2024 年 10 月获批的重组后，学校设七个学院：建筑与设计创新学院、商业与政府学院、教育健康与心理科学学院、研究生院、人文与社会科学学院、法学院、理学与工程学院。

• The School of Māori Studies is unusual in that since October 2024 it belongs not to a faculty but to Iho Māori, under the portfolio of the Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Māori).毛利研究学院自 2024 年 10 月起不再隶属某一学院，而是归入 Iho Māori，由负责毛利事务的副校长分管，此种安排在高校中较为罕见。

• Victoria recorded the highest average research grade in New Zealand's Performance Based Research Fund exercise in both 2012 and 2018, having been ranked fourth in 2006 and third in 2003.惠灵顿维多利亚大学在 2012 年与 2018 年新西兰「基于绩效的研究基金」评估中均取得最高平均研究等级，此前在 2006 年列第四、2003 年列第三。

• The university maintains more than 40 research centres and institutes, among them the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, the Robinson Research Institute, the Ferrier Research Institute, the Malaghan Institute of Medical Research and the Antarctic Research Centre.该校设有 40 多个研究中心与研究所，其中包括麦克迪尔米德先进材料与纳米技术研究所、罗宾逊研究所、费里尔研究所、马拉汉医学研究所与南极研究中心。

• The MacDiarmid Institute, named after the university's Nobel-winning graduate, is New Zealand's only Centre of Research Excellence in the physical sciences.以该校诺贝尔奖得主校友命名的麦克迪尔米德研究所，是新西兰物理科学领域唯一的「卓越研究中心」。

• The International Institute of Modern Letters runs the university's creative-writing programme, and the university owns the New Zealand School of Music, which is based in Wellington.国际现代文学研究所负责该校的创意写作课程；该校并拥有位于惠灵顿的新西兰音乐学院。

• The library, established in 1899, holds about 1.3 million printed volumes and gives access to 70,000 print and electronic periodical titles and 200,000 e-books, and it is United Nations depository library DL-296, one of only three in the country.该校图书馆创立于 1899 年，藏书约 130 万册，可访问 70,000 种印刷与电子期刊以及 200,000 种电子书；它还是联合国托存图书馆 DL-296，全国仅有三家。

• Two online repositories serve research: ResearchArchive makes the university's output freely available, while RestrictedArchive is restricted to staff and students.该馆设有两个在线仓储：ResearchArchive 免费开放学校的研究成果，RestrictedArchive 则仅限教职员与学生访问。

• Entry is open to all programmes at first year, but from the second year admission to law, criminology, creative writing, architecture and engineering is restricted.各专业一年级均可入读，但自二年级起，法学、犯罪学、创意写作、建筑学与工程学的录取受到名额限制。

• Research facilities include the Coastal Ecology Laboratory on Wellington's south coast, the Miramar Creative Centre beside the Wētā Workshop film studios and institutes in Lower Hutt.科研设施包括位于惠灵顿南海岸的沿海生态实验室、紧邻维塔工作室电影基地的米拉马创意中心，以及位于下哈特的若干研究所。

• The Centre for Strategic Studies New Zealand, the New Zealand India Research Institute and the Adam Art Gallery are among the university's named research and cultural units.新西兰战略研究中心、新西兰印度研究所与亚当美术馆，都是该校具名的研究与文化单位。

• The Pipitea campus houses the Wellington School of Business and Government, whose schools cover accounting and commercial law, economics and finance, government, information management, management, and marketing and international business.皮皮蒂亚校区设有惠灵顿商业与政府学院，其下属学系涵盖会计与商法、经济与金融、政府、信息管理、管理学，以及市场营销与国际商务。

• About 20,380 students were enrolled, of whom 3,400 were international or exchange students from countries including China, Malaysia, South Korea, Germany and the United States.该校约有 20,380 名学生，其中 3,400 人为国际学生或交换生，来自包括中国、马来西亚、韩国、德国与美国在内的多个国家。

• The university offers a broad range of undergraduate and postgraduate degrees, and higher degrees by research, across its faculties of law, science, humanities, education and business.该校在法学、理学、人文、教育与商业等学院提供门类广泛的本科与研究生学位，以及研究型高等学位。

• Victoria hosts several cross-institutional centres, including the MacDiarmid Institute, which operates as a national network drawing on researchers across New Zealand universities.该校承办若干跨机构中心，其中包括麦克迪尔米德研究所，后者作为全国性网络运作，汇聚新西兰各大学的研究人员。

Campus

• The main campus is at Kelburn, on a hill overlooking Wellington's central business district, and it houses the faculties of humanities and social sciences, science, engineering, education and health, the central library and the administrative offices.主校区位于凯尔本，坐落在俯瞰惠灵顿中央商务区的山坡上，人文与社会科学、理学、工程、教育与健康等学院，以及中央图书馆与行政办公机构均设于此。

• The Pipitea campus stands beside the New Zealand Parliament Buildings and comprises Rutherford House, the Old Government Buildings and the west wing of Wellington railway station, home to the Wellington School of Business and Government and the Faculty of Law.皮皮蒂亚校区紧邻新西兰国会建筑群，由卢瑟福楼、旧政府大楼与惠灵顿火车站西翼组成，是惠灵顿商业与政府学院及法学院的所在地。

• The Te Aro campus houses the Wellington Faculty of Architecture and Design Innovation and an architecture and design library.蒂阿罗校区设有惠灵顿建筑与设计创新学院，并配有建筑与设计图书馆。

• Premises in the Auckland CBD offer selected courses for the School of Business and Government, following the opening of an Auckland campus in 2015.该校在奥克兰中央商务区设有物业，为商业与政府学院提供部分课程，此为其 2015 年开设奥克兰校区之后的延续。

• The original Kelburn site was a six-acre hill plot offered by Charles Pharazyn in 1901 with a 1,000-pound donation, and the Wellington Cable Car still carries students from Lambton Quay up to Salamanca Station.凯尔本最初的校址是查尔斯·法拉津于 1901 年提出捐赠 1,000 英镑换取的六英亩山坡地；如今惠灵顿缆车仍把学生从兰姆顿码头载至萨拉曼卡站。

• The Hunter Building, designed by F. Penty and E. M. Blake in the Gothic Revival style, was given its foundation stone in 1904 and opened on 30 March 1906.亨特楼由 F. 彭蒂与 E. M. 布莱克以哥特复兴风格设计，1904 年奠基，1906 年 3 月 30 日启用。

• Other facilities are dispersed across the region, including the Ferrier Research Institute and Robinson Research Institute in Lower Hutt, the Coastal Ecology Laboratory in Island Bay and the Miramar Creative Centre in Park Road, Miramar.其他设施散布于大区各处，包括位于下哈特的费里尔研究所与罗宾逊研究所、位于岛屿湾的沿海生态实验室，以及位于米拉马公园路的米拉马创意中心。

• Accommodation includes catered halls such as Boulcott Hall, Capital Hall, Joan Stevens Hall, Katharine Jermyn Hall, Te Puni Village, Weir House and Cumberland House, alongside self-catered options.住宿设施包括博尔科特楼、首都楼、琼·史蒂文斯楼、凯瑟琳·杰明楼、特普尼村、韦尔楼与坎伯兰楼等提供膳食的宿舍，以及若干自理式住所。

• The university bought the abandoned Gordon Wilson Flats site for more than 6 million dollars in 2014, and in late 2024 opened Ngā Mokopuna, a marae built to Living Building Challenge standards and designed by Tennent Brown Architects.2014 年，该校以逾 600 万美元购入已废弃的戈登·威尔逊公寓地块；2024 年底，由 Tennent Brown 建筑事务所设计、按「生命建筑挑战」标准建造的会堂「Ngā Mokopuna」落成启用。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 Victoria University of Wellington is placed at 241st in the world.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，惠灵顿维多利亚大学位列世界第 241 位。^[1]

• Times Higher Education placed the university in the 401-450 band in its World University Rankings 2027.在泰晤士高等教育 2027 年世界大学排名中，该校处于 401 至 450 区间。

• The U.S. News and World Report Best Global Universities ranked the university 476th in the world in its 2026-2027 edition.在《美国新闻与世界报道》2026 至 2027 年版最佳全球大学排名中，该校位列世界第 476 位。

• Victoria was not placed inside the global top 500 in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities.在 2026 年上海软科世界大学学术排名中，该校未进入全球前 500。

• The 2024 Aggregate Ranking of Top Universities placed it 244th overall and third nationally, and the CWTS Leiden Ranking 2024 ranked it 782nd and fifth in New Zealand.2024 年「顶尖大学综合排名」将其列为总名次第 244 位、国内第 3 位；CWTS 莱顿排名 2024 年版则将其列为第 782 位、新西兰第 5 位。

• OpenAlex records 60,729 works and 1,984,528 citations for the university.OpenAlex 记录该校共有 60,729 篇论著与 1,984,528 次引用。

• Victoria is one of only about twelve universities worldwide to hold the QS Stars five-stars-plus rating, the highest tier of that scheme.惠灵顿维多利亚大学是全球仅约十二所、获颁 QS Stars「五星加」的高校之一，那是该评级体系中的最高等级。

• In the 2020 QS World University Rankings by Subject, eleven of its subjects reached the world's top 100, including linguistics, law, politics, international relations, English literature, psychology, philosophy and earth and marine sciences, and its Faculty of Law was rated 65th in the world in the 2021 edition.在 2020 年 QS 世界大学学科排名中，该校有 11 个学科进入世界前 100，包括语言学、法学、政治学、国际关系、英语文学、心理学、哲学以及地球与海洋科学；其法学院在 2021 年版中被列为世界第 65 位。

• Alan MacDiarmid, a graduate of the university, shared the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of conducting polymers.该校校友艾伦·麦克迪尔米德因导电聚合物的发现，共享了 2000 年诺贝尔化学奖。

Student life

• The university's Latin motto Sapientia magis auro desideranda, adopted in 1902, translates as wisdom is more to be desired than gold.该校 1902 年确立的拉丁文校训「Sapientia magis auro desideranda」，意为「智慧比黄金更值得追求」。

• The college colours of dark green and gold were chosen in 1903, inspired by the gorse covering nearby Tinakori Hill, and the badge carries three crowns and the Southern Cross.该校 1903 年选定深绿与金黄为校色，灵感来自附近蒂纳科里山上覆盖的金雀花；校徽上绘有三顶王冠与南十字星。

• The Victoria University of Wellington Students' Association, known as VUWSA and based at Kelburn, is the main body representing students.以凯尔本为基地的惠灵顿维多利亚大学学生会（VUWSA）是代表学生的主要组织。

• The student magazine Salient is the long-running student publication, and the campus bookshop VicBooks traded for 48 years before closing in 2023.学生杂志《Salient》是延续最久的学生刊物；校园书店 VicBooks 经营 48 年后于 2023 年关闭。

• Catered halls such as Weir House, Boulcott Hall and Capital Hall provide meals, while self-catered options include 222 Willis Apartments and University Hall.韦尔楼、博尔科特楼与首都楼等提供膳食，自理式选择则包括 222 Willis 公寓与大学舍。

• The students' association runs clubs and societies, and the Ngā Mokopuna marae provides a Māori cultural centre for students on the Kelburn campus.学生会运营各类社团；凯尔本校区的「Ngā Mokopuna」会堂则为学生提供毛利文化中心。

• In 2016 students and staff opposed cuts to European language departments, including a German department that lost 43 per cent of its staff.2016 年，师生反对裁减欧洲语言相关学系，其中德语系流失了 43% 的教职员。

• Wellington's creative-writing and theatre scene, anchored in the university's programmes, helped launch the musical comedy duo Flight of the Conchords.惠灵顿的创意写作与戏剧氛围以该校课程为依托，培育出了音乐喜剧二人组「Flight of the Conchords」。

Notable people

• Richard Seddon, Premier of New Zealand, introduced the Victoria College Bill in 1897 and founded the college to mark Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee.新西兰总理理查德·塞登于 1897 年提出《维多利亚学院法案》，创办该学院以纪念维多利亚女王登基钻禧。

• Robert Stout, a Premier of New Zealand and later Chief Justice, was the leading political advocate for a Wellington college specialising in law, political science and history.曾任新西兰总理、后任首席大法官的罗伯特·斯托特，是推动设立侧重法学、政治学与历史的惠灵顿学院的主要政治倡导者。

• Richard Cockburn Maclaurin, a foundation professor of mathematics at Victoria, later became president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.维多利亚学院的创始数学教授理查德·科克本·麦克劳林，后来出任麻省理工学院院长。

• Alan MacDiarmid, a graduate of Victoria, shared the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for conducting polymers and is commemorated in the MacDiarmid Institute.该校校友艾伦·麦克迪尔米德因导电聚合物研究共享 2000 年诺贝尔化学奖，麦克迪尔米德研究所即以他命名。

• Eleanor Catton, a graduate of the International Institute of Modern Letters in 2007, won the 2013 Man Booker Prize for her novel The Luminaries.埃莉诺·卡顿 2007 年毕业于国际现代文学研究所，凭小说《发光体》赢得 2013 年曼布克奖。

• Taika Waititi, who studied theatre and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1997, is a filmmaker and actor known for Hunt for the Wilderpeople.塔伊加·维迪提 1997 年取得文学士学位、主修戏剧，是执导《追捕野蛮人》等片的电影人与演员。

• Jemaine Clement, a graduate of the university, co-created the musical comedy Flight of the Conchords and the mockumentary What We Do in the Shadows.该校毕业生杰梅奈·克莱门特联合创作了音乐喜剧「Flight of the Conchords」与伪纪录片《吸血鬼生活》。

• Dame Theresa Gattung, a business leader and former chief executive of Telecom New Zealand, received an honorary doctorate from the university in 2025.商界领袖、新西兰电信公司前首席执行官特蕾莎·加通夫人于 2025 年获颁该校荣誉博士学位。

• Marilyn Waring, an academic and former Member of Parliament who has campaigned for women's rights, is a distinguished alumna of the university.学者、前国会议员玛丽莲·沃林长期为女性权利发声，是该校杰出校友。

• Dai Henwood, a comedian, graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1999 and in 2025 received the university's Distinguished Alumni Award.喜剧演员戴·亨伍德 1999 年取得文学士学位，并于 2025 年获颁该校「杰出校友奖」。