University of Zaragoza

The University of Zaragoza is a public research university in Zaragoza in the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain, also rendered in English as Saragossa University or Zaragoza University, founded in 1542 and one of the oldest universities in the country, and it is placed in the 701-710 band of the 2027 QS World University Rankings.萨拉戈萨大学是一所位于西班牙阿拉贡自治区萨拉戈萨市的公立研究型大学，英文亦作「Saragossa University」或「Zaragoza University」，创办于 1542 年，是西班牙最古老的大学之一，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中处于 701-710 区间。

Its teaching and research centres are spread across the three Aragonese provinces of Zaragoza, Huesca and Teruel, and it enrolled about 30,415 undergraduates and 3,528 postgraduates in the 2013-14 academic year.其教学与研究中心分布于阿拉贡的萨拉戈萨、韦斯卡与特鲁埃尔三省，2013-14 学年共有约 30,415 名本科生与 3,528 名研究生在读。

Its alumni include the neuroscientist Santiago Ramón y Cajal, who won the 1906 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and OpenAlex attributes 87,560 works and 4,916,458 citations to the university.其校友包括 1906 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主、神经科学家圣地亚哥·拉蒙-卡哈尔，OpenAlex 记录该校研究成果 87,560 项、被引 4,916,458 次。

History

• The university traces its intellectual origin to the ecclesiastical schools of Zaragoza, consolidated into the School of Zaragoza in the seventh century under Bishop Braulio, who later became the university's patron saint.该校的学术源头可追溯至萨拉戈萨的教会学校，七世纪时在主教布劳略的引领下整合为萨拉戈萨学校，他后来成为该校的主保圣人。

• Bishop Braulio lived from about 585 to 651 and was a celebrated scholar of the Visigothic kingdom, whose reputation gave the city's school an enduring standing in early medieval learning.主教布劳略约生活于 585 年至 651 年，是西哥特王国著名的学者，其声望使该城的学校在中世纪早期学术中享有持久地位。

• References from 1335 indicate that a School of Arts already existed in the city, teaching the liberal arts of the trivium and quadrivium.1335 年的文献表明，城中当时已设有文学院，教授「三艺」与「四艺」的自由学科。

• Some scholars argue the institution can be regarded as a university of arts from 1477, when its teaching structure began to resemble that of a studium generale.有学者认为，自 1477 年起该校的教学结构开始接近「总学」的形态，因而可视为一所文理大学。

• In 1542 the School of Arts officially became a university, the date from which the University of Zaragoza counts its foundation.1542 年，文学院正式升格为大学，这一年份被萨拉戈萨大学视为其创办之年。

• The primitive university, known as the studium generale of arts or studio mayor, occupied a broad circular tower on the old city wall in the Magdalena and Saint Nicholas neighbourhoods.这所早期大学被称为「文理总学」，坐落于马格达莱纳与圣尼古拉斯街区旧城墙上一座宽大的圆形塔楼中。

• Its main building contained more than twenty chambers across three floors, including a general hall where degrees were conferred, a library, and a room reserved for the four masters of arts.其主楼三层分布着二十余间房室，包括授予学位的总厅、一间图书馆，以及专供四名文科教师使用的房间。

• The studium was headed by the archbishop of Zaragoza as chancellor, assisted by a vice-chancellor who was also the high master and who collected fees from all pupils except the poor and the clergy of La Seo cathedral.该校由萨拉戈萨大主教以校监身份统领，辅以一名兼任总教师的副校长，后者向除贫者与拉塞奥主教座堂教士以外的学生收取学费。

• Teaching staff ranged from four masters of arts down to bachilleres who taught advanced Latin grammar and camareros who gave more elementary Latin lessons, with cubicularios repeating lessons at the base of the hierarchy.教学人员从四名文科教师向下依次包括教授高阶拉丁文法的学士，以及教授基础拉丁文的学监，最底层还有负责复述课程的助教。

• The early university had a Faculty of Aristotelian Logic and a Faculty of Philosophy that together formed the Faculty of Arts, alongside a Faculty of Grammar that taught several hundred students in the early sixteenth century.早期大学设有亚里士多德逻辑学院与哲学院，二者合为文学院，此外还设有文法学院，在十六世纪初有数百名学生就读。

• Students obtained their degrees only after endorsement by an older student or teacher, private examinations and the payment of fees, and lessons were held in the mornings and afternoons.学生须经年长同学或教师推荐、通过私下考试并缴纳费用后方可获得学位，课程分上午与下午授课。

• Pedro La Cabra was the first high master of the primitive university, followed by Luis Gorriz, who died in 1510, and then by the archbishop's personal physician Juan Tarabal.佩德罗·拉卡布拉是这所早期大学的首任总教师，其后是 1510 年去世的路易斯·戈里斯，再后是大主教的私人医生胡安·塔拉瓦尔。

• In 1520 the logician Gaspar Lax became high master, a position he held until 1560, and he allowed the works of Erasmus to be taught in the studium, a notable act of intellectual openness.1520 年，逻辑学家加斯帕尔·拉克斯出任总教师并任职至 1560 年，他允许在校内讲授伊拉斯谟的著作，是当时颇具开放性的学术举措。

• Also in 1520 Michael Servetus, the nephew of Gaspar Lax, began studying under his uncle and the other masters of arts, becoming a Master of Arts in 1525.同样在 1520 年，拉克斯的侄子米格尔·塞尔韦特在其叔父与其他文科教师指导下开始学习，并于 1525 年取得文学硕士学位。

• Servetus left the studium in 1527 after a quarrel with his uncle and went on to Toulouse, and he is remembered as the physician who described pulmonary circulation.1527 年，塞尔韦特因与叔父争执而离校前往图卢兹，后来他以描述肺循环的医生身份为世人所记。

• Gaspar Lax, a prolific author in logic, philosophy and mathematics, published works that were used in other European universities of the period, giving the institution an international scholarly reach.加斯帕尔·拉克斯在逻辑学、哲学与数学领域著述颇丰，其著作曾被当时其他欧洲大学采用，使该校获得国际性的学术影响。

• In the sixteenth century the university was recognised as a leading institution for its support of science, literature and the arts during the Renaissance.在十六世纪文艺复兴时期，该校因对科学、文学与艺术的支持而被公认为一流学府。

• In 1893 the university inaugurated the Paraninfo building, a structure that became the symbolic centre of the institution and which today houses its main library.1893 年，该校启用帕拉宁福楼，该建筑成为学校的象征性中心，如今容纳其主图书馆。

• In 2006 the restoration of the Paraninfo was completed by the architects Luis Franco and Mariano Pemán, and the reopening ceremony was attended by the King of Spain and the president of the government of Aragon.2006 年，帕拉宁福楼的翻修由建筑师路易斯·佛朗哥与马里亚诺·佩曼完成，启用仪式由西班牙国王与阿拉贡自治政府主席出席。

• In 1927 the University of Zaragoza became the first Spanish university to offer Spanish language courses for international students, a programme that continues in the present day.1927 年，萨拉戈萨大学成为西班牙第一所面向国际学生开设西班牙语课程的高校，该项目延续至今。

• In 1985 additional campuses were created in Huesca and Teruel, extending the university beyond the provincial capital across the whole of Aragon.1985 年，该校在韦斯卡与特鲁埃尔增设校区，把大学从省会延伸至整个阿拉贡地区。

• In 2003 the university established the MIT-Zaragoza International Logistics Program together with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Center for Transportation and Logistics, the government of Aragon and the PLAZA logistics park.2003 年，该校与麻省理工学院运输与物流中心、阿拉贡自治政府以及 PLAZA 物流园区合作，创办了 MIT-萨拉戈萨国际物流项目。

Academics

• The university organises teaching across engineering and technology, experimental sciences, health sciences, social and juridical sciences and the humanities, spanning the full range of Spanish academic fields.该校教学覆盖工程与技术、实验科学、健康科学、社会与法学以及人文学科，涵盖西班牙学术体系的完整门类。

• Traditional studies such as law are taught in faculties, while newer technical subjects are taught in schools and polytechnic centres, a distinction reflected in Spanish academic nomenclature.法学等传统学科在学院授课，较新的技术学科则由学校与理工学院承担，这一区分体现在西班牙的学术命名之中。

• In the 2013-14 year the university reported about 36,492 students in total, including 30,415 undergraduates and 3,528 postgraduates, with 3,911 academic staff and 1,806 administrative staff.2013-14 学年，该校共有约 36,492 名学生，其中本科生 30,415 人、研究生 3,528 人，另有教学人员 3,911 人与行政人员 1,806 人。

• The university is spread over twenty-two centres offering seventy-four degrees, according to its 2014 self-description, with more than 30,000 students and more than 3,000 teaching staff.据其 2014 年的自述，该校分布于二十二个教学单位、开设七十四个学位项目，学生逾 30,000 人、教师逾 3,000 人。

• Spanish as a foreign language has been taught since 1927, with courses lasting between 90 and 570 hours, academic-term courses in Zaragoza and summer courses in Jaca in the Pyrenees.该校自 1927 年起教授对外西班牙语，课程时长在 90 至 570 小时之间，学期课程设在萨拉戈萨，暑期课程设在比利牛斯山区的哈卡。

• In 2010 the university had six research institutes, one affiliated institute, five joint research institutes and three research centres, with an annual research and development budget of about sixty million euros.2010 年，该校设有六个研究所、一个附属研究所、五个联合研究所与三个研究中心，年度研发预算约六千万欧元。

• By 2011 the institution counted an estimated 3,803 researchers and 8,305 partnering companies, reflecting a research model built on collaboration with industry.到 2011 年，该校估计拥有 3,803 名研究人员与 8,305 家合作企业，体现出以产业合作为基础的研究模式。

• The university is among the world leaders in immunotherapy cancer research, with significant contributions led by the teams of Julián Pardo, Luis Martinez and Alberto Anel.该校在免疫疗法癌症研究中居于世界前列，胡利安·帕尔多、路易斯·马丁内斯与阿尔贝托·阿内尔领衔的团队作出了重要贡献。

• That cancer research has produced numerous patents intended for cancer treatments, linking the university's laboratories to clinical application.这项癌症研究已产生多项面向癌症治疗的专利，把该校实验室与临床应用联系起来。

• The MIT-Zaragoza International Logistics Program offers a master's degree built on the curriculum of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's master of engineering in supply chain management.MIT-萨拉戈萨国际物流项目提供硕士学位，其课程以麻省理工学院供应链管理工程硕士的课程为基础。

• The logistics programme is taught in English and attracts an international cohort, with eleven countries of origin represented among the twenty students of the 2014 class.该项目以英语授课并吸引国际生源，2014 级二十名学生来自十一个国家。

• The programme was named by El Mundo as the leading logistics and supply chain management degree in Spain for four consecutive years between 2011 and 2015.该项目被《世界报》评为西班牙物流与供应链管理第一名，在 2011 至 2015 年间连续四年获此评价。

• The programme also offers a doctorate and executive education courses leading to certificates in logistics-related disciplines, and uses the PLAZA logistics park as a testing ground for research.该项目还提供博士学位与物流相关领域的行政教育证书课程，并以 PLAZA 物流园区作为研究试验场。

• Research is organised within the areas of engineering and technology, experimental sciences, health sciences, social and juridical sciences and the humanities, matching the university's five broad divisions.其研究按工程与技术、实验科学、健康科学、社会与法学以及人文学科组织，与学校五大板块相对应。

• The university's doctoral programmes are offered across its faculties and schools, and its degrees are organised to comply with the European higher education area framework.该校的博士项目由各学院与学校开设，其学位设置遵循欧洲高等教育区框架。

Campus

• The original campus is in Zaragoza, the capital of Aragon, and the university's main geographic coordinates are approximately 41.65606 north and 0.87734 west.其最初校区位于阿拉贡首府萨拉戈萨，学校主要地理坐标约为北纬 41.65606、西经 0.87734。

• The Zaragoza campus is divided into five locations within the city, of which the Plaza San Francisco site is the largest and houses most of the university's colleges and departments.萨拉戈萨校区在该市内分为五处，其中圣弗朗西斯科广场校区规模最大，容纳了学校大部分学院与系所。

• The other four Zaragoza locations are the Rio Ebro campus, the university tourism school, the Plaza de Basilio site and the veterinary faculty, each hosting only one or two colleges.萨拉戈萨的其余四处分别是埃布罗河校区、大学旅游学院、巴西利奥广场与兽医学院，各处仅容纳一至两个学院。

• The Paraninfo building on the San Francisco campus was inaugurated in 1893 and restored in 2006 by the architects Luis Franco and Mariano Pemán, who preserved its architectural heritage while adding new functions.圣弗朗西斯科校区的帕拉宁福楼于 1893 年落成，2006 年由建筑师路易斯·佛朗哥与马里亚诺·佩曼翻修，在保留建筑遗产的同时增添新功能。

• Four large stone statues of scientists and physicians connected with the university stand at the front of the Paraninfo, representing Andrés Piquer, Miguel Servet, Ignacio Jordán de Asso and Fausto Elhuyar.帕拉宁福楼前立有四尊与该大学相关的科学家与医生石像，分别是安德烈斯·皮克尔、米格尔·塞尔韦特、伊格纳西奥·霍尔丹·德阿索与福斯托·埃尔胡亚尔。

• The Paraninfo now serves both as an auditorium and as the main library of the University of Zaragoza, combining ceremonial and study functions in one building.帕拉宁福楼现兼作礼堂与萨拉戈萨大学的主图书馆，在同一建筑中融合了礼仪与研究功能。

• Huesca, roughly seventy-five kilometres north-east of Zaragoza, hosts the polytechnic school, the faculties of health and sport science, humanities and education, and business and public management.位于萨拉戈萨东北约七十五公里的韦斯卡，设有理工学院以及健康与体育科学、人文与教育、商业与公共管理等学院。

• The affiliated school of nursing of San Jorge hospital in Huesca forms part of the university's provision in that province.韦斯卡圣豪尔赫医院附属护理学校构成该校在该省的办学组成部分。

• Teruel, about one hundred and seventy kilometres south of Zaragoza, houses the technical college teaching computer engineering, the faculty of social and human sciences and the nursing school of the Obispo Polanco hospital.位于萨拉戈萨以南约一百七十公里的特鲁埃尔设有教授计算机工程的技术学院、社会与人文科学学院以及奥比斯波波兰科医院护理学校。

• Further university sites exist at Jaca in the Pyrenees and at La Almunia de Doña Godina, the former used for summer Spanish language courses.该校还在比利牛斯山区的哈卡及拉阿尔穆尼亚德多尼亚戈迪纳设有教学点，前者用于暑期西班牙语课程。

• The city's Miguel Servet University Hospital is named after the sixteenth-century alumnus Miguel Servet, linking the university's medical teaching to the clinical institutions of Zaragoza.该市的米格尔·塞尔韦特大学医院以十六世纪校友米格尔·塞尔韦特命名，把该校的医学教学与萨拉戈萨的临床机构联系起来。

Reputation

• In the 2027 QS World University Rankings the University of Zaragoza is placed in the 701-710 band, according to the official ranking table.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，萨拉戈萨大学处于 701-710 区间。此排名以官方榜单为准。^[1]

• It stands in the 1001-1200 band of the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings and is 762nd in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities.在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中，该校处于 1001-1200 区间，并在 2026-2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中位列第 762。

• It is placed in the 401-500 band of the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities published by ShanghaiRanking, and in the 2013 edition of the same ranking it was among the top ten universities in Spain.在软科发布的 2026 年世界大学学术排名中，该校处于 401-500 区间；在该榜 2013 年版中，它位居西班牙高校前十。

• OpenAlex attributes 87,560 works and 4,916,458 citations to the university, giving it one of the larger research footprints among Spanish universities.OpenAlex 记录该校 87,560 项成果与 4,916,458 次被引，使其在西班牙高校中拥有较大的科研体量。

• In the CWTS Leiden Ranking of 2014 it was ranked third in Spain for social sciences impact and third in medical sciences and cognitive sciences collaboration.在 2014 年 CWTS 莱顿排名中，该校社会科学影响力居西班牙第三，医学与认知科学的合作度也居第三。

• The MIT-Zaragoza International Logistics Program was named by El Mundo as the best logistics and supply chain management degree in Spain for the years 2011 to 2015.MIT-萨拉戈萨国际物流项目被《世界报》评为 2011 至 2015 年西班牙最佳物流与供应链管理学位。

• El Mundo also ranked the university's environmental energy master's programme second in Spain in the 2014-2015 exercise.《世界报》还在 2014-2015 年度评选中把该校环境能源硕士项目列为西班牙第二。

• Its immunotherapy cancer research is identified as a field in which the university is among the world leaders, supported by patents and clinical applications.其免疫疗法癌症研究被列为该校位居世界前列的领域，并有专利与临床应用作为支撑。

• Research funding stood at about sixty million euros annually around 2010, with 3,803 researchers and 8,305 partner companies recorded by 2011.2010 年前后其年度科研经费约为六千万欧元，到 2011 年记录有 3,803 名研究人员与 8,305 家合作企业。

• The university is the main centre of technological innovation in the Ebro valley, according to its own presentation of its regional role.按其自身对区域角色的表述，该校是埃布罗河谷的技术创新中心。

• It ranks among the oldest universities in Spain, a group that also includes the Complutense University of Madrid and the University of Salamanca.它位列西班牙最古老的大学之列，同一行列还包括马德里康普顿斯大学与萨拉曼卡大学。

Student life

• The university's patron saint is San Braulio, bishop of Zaragoza in the seventh century, and his feast is marked with a solemn ceremony in the Paraninfo building.该校的主保圣人是七世纪萨拉戈萨主教圣布劳略，其纪念日以在帕拉宁福楼举行的隆重典礼加以庆祝。

• The patronal ceremony begins with an academic procession led by mace-bearers, during which the university choir performs and the rector delivers an address.主保庆典以仪仗队引领的学术游行开始，其间大学合唱团献唱，校长发表致辞。

• Members of the university senate take part in the procession in two rows, wearing academic dress and insignia and ordered by faculty, in a ritual that preserves the institution's ceremonial traditions.大学评议会成员身着学位服与徽章、按学院次序排列成两行参加游行，这一仪式保存了学校的礼仪传统。

• About seven thousand students take part in the university's welcome events at the start of the academic year, which combine music, activities, games, raffles and information stands.每学年开学时约有七千名学生参加学校的迎新活动，内容包括音乐、活动、游戏、抽奖与咨询展位。

• In 2026 the university launched the Cajal X Unizar campaign to highlight the Nobel laureate Santiago Ramón y Cajal and his connection with his alma mater.2026 年，该校发起「Cajal X Unizar」活动，突出诺奖得主圣地亚哥·拉蒙-卡哈尔与其母校的联系。

• Summer Spanish language courses held in Jaca give international students a residential experience in the Pyrenees, separate from the main Zaragoza campus.在哈卡举办的暑期西班牙语课程，让国际学生在比利牛斯山区获得独立于萨拉戈萨主校区的住宿学习体验。

• Students are distributed across the campuses in Zaragoza, Huesca and Teruel, and the locations of the faculties shape where particular student communities gather.学生分布于萨拉戈萨、韦斯卡与特鲁埃尔各校区，各学院所在地决定了特定学生群体的聚集地点。

• The opening of the academic year is marked by an inaugural lecture delivered by a chair-holding professor, following a ceremonial tradition that dates back centuries.学年的开启以一位讲座教授发表就职演讲为标志，这一礼仪传统可追溯数百年。

Notable people

• Santiago Ramón y Cajal, the neuroscientist whose work on the structure of the nervous system won the 1906 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, studied at the University of Zaragoza.因神经系统结构研究而获 1906 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的神经科学家圣地亚哥·拉蒙-卡哈尔，曾在萨拉戈萨大学学习。

• The Cajal Institute in Madrid, a neuroscience research centre of the Spanish National Research Council, is named in honour of Santiago Ramón y Cajal, the university's most celebrated alumnus.马德里的卡哈尔研究所是西班牙国家研究委员会下属的神经科学研究中心，以该校最著名的校友圣地亚哥·拉蒙-卡哈尔命名。

• Manuel Azaña, who studied at the university, became Prime Minister and later President of the Second Spanish Republic.曾在该校就读的曼努埃尔·阿萨尼亚，后来出任西班牙第二共和国总理与总统。

• Pascual Madoz, another alumnus, served as Prime Minister of Spain and is remembered for his geographical and statistical dictionary of the country.同为校友的帕斯夸尔·马多斯曾任西班牙首相，并以所编全国地理统计辞典为后人所记。

• Salustiano de Olózaga, who also studied at the university, held the office of Prime Minister of Spain in the nineteenth century.同样曾在该校学习的萨卢斯蒂亚诺·德奥洛萨加，在十九世纪担任过西班牙首相。

• Eusebio Bardají, an alumnus, was a Spanish statesman who served as Prime Minister and as foreign minister during the nineteenth century.校友欧塞维奥·巴尔达希是西班牙政治家，十九世纪曾任首相与外交大臣。

• Josemaría Escrivá, who was later canonised as a Catholic saint and founded Opus Dei, studied at the university.后来被封为天主教圣人并创办主业会的何塞马里亚·埃斯克里瓦，曾在该校学习。

• José Martí, the Cuban writer and national hero, studied at the University of Zaragoza during his years of exile in Spain.古巴作家与民族英雄何塞·马蒂在其流亡西班牙期间曾就读于萨拉戈萨大学。

• Gaspar Lax, high master of the primitive university from 1520 until 1560, was a logician and mathematician whose works were used across Europe.加斯帕尔·拉克斯自 1520 年至 1560 年担任早期大学的总教师，是一位逻辑学家与数学家，其著作曾在欧洲广泛使用。

• Michael Servetus, known in Spanish as Miguel Servet, studied under Gaspar Lax and became a Master of Arts in 1525 before his later career as a physician and theologian.以西班牙语名米格尔·塞尔韦特为人所知的迈克尔·塞尔韦特曾在拉克斯门下学习，于 1525 年取得文学硕士学位，后来成为医生与神学家。

• Bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, the seventh-century scholar who led the city's school, is honoured as the university's patron and lends his name to its principal feast.七世纪学者、萨拉戈萨主教布劳略领导了该城的学校，被尊为大学的主保圣人，其主要节庆也以他的名字命名。