University of Würzburg

The University of Würzburg, officially Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg and usually shortened to JMU, is a public research university in the Bavarian city of Würzburg that was founded in 1402, making it the oldest university in Bavaria, and which has been guided since the 1990s by the motto "Science for Society".维尔茨堡大学（英文名 University of Würzburg，正式全名 Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg，简称 JMU）是一所位于德国巴伐利亚州维尔茨堡市的公立研究型大学，创办于 1402 年，是巴伐利亚州历史最悠久的大学，1990 年代以来以「为社会而科学」（Science for Society）为校训。

In the winter semester of 2025/26 the university enrolled 25,281 students, of whom 15,489 were women, 3,078 were international students and 2,919 were in their first semester, while the university employed around 5,000 staff including 479 professors and offered 280 degree programmes.2025 至 2026 年冬季学期该校注册学生 25,281 人，其中女性 15,489 人、国际学生 3,078 人、第一学期新生 2,919 人；全校约有 5,000 名员工，含 479 名教授，共开设 280 个学位项目。

In the 2027 QS World University Rankings the University of Würzburg is placed 430th, it is 182nd in the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, it is 249th in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities, and it falls in the 201-300 band of the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中维尔茨堡大学位列第 430，在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中位列第 182，在 2026 至 2027 年度 U.S. News 全球最佳大学排名中位列第 249，在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中处于 201 至 300 区间。

History

• The university began as the High School of Würzburg, an initiative started in 1401 by Prince-Bishop Johann von Egloffstein, who wanted to turn the city's gymnasium into a university with four faculties.该校最初名为「维尔茨堡高等学堂」，源于 1401 年采邑主教约翰·冯·埃格洛夫施泰因（Johann von Egloffstein）的倡议，他打算把该城的中学升格为设有四个学院的大学。

• On 10 December 1402 Egloffstein obtained the necessary privilege from Pope Boniface IX, which placed Würzburg among the oldest universities of the German-speaking lands, after Prague, Vienna, Heidelberg, Cologne and Erfurt.1402 年 12 月 10 日，埃格洛夫施泰因从教皇博义九世处取得所需的办学特许，使维尔茨堡跻身德语地区最古老的大学之列，位列布拉格、维也纳、海德堡、科隆与埃尔福特之后。

• The first teaching staff included Winand von Steeg, Johannes Ambundi and Bartholomäus Fröwein, but the school declined after the death of its founder for want of an endowment.最初的教师中有维南德·冯·施特格、约翰内斯·安邦迪与巴托洛梅乌斯·弗勒魏因，但在创办人去世后，学校因缺乏固定经费而衰落。

• On 30 November 1413 the rector Johann Zantfurt was murdered by his servant in circumstances that were never clarified, and by 1427 the High School was mentioned in a document for the last time before fading into insignificance.1413 年 11 月 30 日，校长约翰·赞特福特被其仆人所杀，案情始终未明；到 1427 年，这所高等学堂最后一次出现在文献中，此后便湮没无闻。

• Teaching resumed in some subjects in 1551 and the first doctorates were awarded in 1567 before Prince-Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn secured the imperial privilege in 1575 and the papal privilege in 1576.1551 年部分学科恢复教学，1567 年首次授予博士学位；此后采邑主教尤利乌斯·艾希特·冯·梅斯佩尔布伦于 1575 年取得皇帝特许，又于 1576 年取得教皇特许。

• On 2 January 1582 the theological and philosophical faculties were reopened and their deans appointed, under the name Academia Iulia, with financing this time properly secured.1582 年 1 月 2 日，神学院与哲学院重新开办并任命院长，校名定为「尤利乌斯学堂」（Academia Iulia），这一次经费得到了较可靠的保障。

• The university seal was created only in the following year and therefore bears the year 1583, and statutes for the medical faculty were drawn up in 1587.该校印章到次年才制成，因此印上的是 1583 年；医学院的章程则于 1587 年拟定。

• In 1591 the four-winged university building and its associated church, the Neubaukirche, both commissioned by Julius Echter, were completed, most probably to designs by the architect Georg Robin.1591 年，由尤利乌斯·艾希特主持兴建的四翼大学主楼及与之相连的教堂「新楼教堂」（Neubaukirche）落成，建筑师很可能是格奥尔格·罗宾（Georg Robin）。

• Initially open only to Catholic students, the university was opened to non-Catholics in 1734 under new study regulations issued by Prince-Bishop Friedrich Karl von Schönborn.该校最初只招收天主教学生，1734 年采邑主教弗里德里希·卡尔·冯·舍恩博恩颁布新的学则，向非天主教徒开放。

• The Würzburg Jesuit College was dissolved in 1773, and Adam Friedrich von Seinsheim brought Enlightenment scholars into the theological faculty, a course continued under his successor Franz Ludwig von Erthal.1773 年维尔茨堡耶稣会学院解散，亚当·弗里德里希·冯·塞恩斯海姆把启蒙派学者引入神学院，其继任者弗兰茨·路德维希·冯·埃尔塔尔延续了这一路线。

• During the coalition wars the university was renamed repeatedly, becoming the Churfürstliche Julius-Universität in 1803, the Kurfürstliche Universität zu Würzburg in 1806, the Großherzogliche Universität zu Würzburg in 1807 and the Königliche Universität zu Würzburg in 1815.在联盟战争期间，该校多次更名：1803 年称「选帝侯尤利乌斯大学」，1806 年称「维尔茨堡选侯大学」，1807 年称「维尔茨堡大公国大学」，1815 年称「维尔茨堡皇家大学」。

• In the winter semester of 1838/39 the Königliche Universität zu Würzburg became the Königliche Julius-Maximilians-Universität, and two years later the Königlich Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität, a name kept for almost 80 years.1838 至 1839 年冬季学期，该校改称「皇家尤利乌斯－马克西米利安大学」，两年后改称「巴伐利亚皇家尤利乌斯－马克西米利安大学」，这个名字沿用了近 80 年。

• The Kollegienhaus, completed in 1853, was the first modern biomedical centre in Germany, and in 1888 the university received its own pharmaceutical institute.1853 年落成的「学院大楼」（Kollegienhaus）是德国第一座现代生物医学中心；1888 年该校设立了自有的药学研究所。

• On 28 October 1896 a new main building called the Neue Universität was inaugurated on the Sanderring, begun in 1892, and it is still the seat of the university management today.1896 年 10 月 28 日，始建于 1892 年的新主楼「新大学」（Neue Universität）在桑德环（Sanderring）落成启用，至今仍是该校校务管理所在地。

• On 3 June 1896 Marcella O'Grady Boveri became the first woman admitted to the Würzburg medical faculty, and the psychologist Maria Schorn was the first woman to habilitate there, in 1929.1896 年 6 月 3 日，玛塞拉·奥格雷迪·博韦里成为首位获准进入维尔茨堡医学院的女性；心理学家玛丽亚·肖恩则于 1929 年成为该校首位取得教授资格的女性。

• Between 1901 and 1911 five researchers at Würzburg were awarded Nobel Prizes, an achievement attributed in large part to the mathematician Friedrich Prym, who served as dean and rector.1901 至 1911 年间，维尔茨堡有五位研究者获得诺贝尔奖，这很大程度上归功于曾任院长与校长的数学家弗里德里希·普里姆。

• After the revolution of 1918/19 the university lost the title Königlich Bayerisch and received its present name, Julius-Maximilians-Universität.1918 至 1919 年革命之后，该校去掉「巴伐利亚皇家」称号，改用现今的校名「尤利乌斯－马克西米利安大学」。

• The medical faculty separated from the Juliusspital and moved in 1921 into the new Luitpold Hospital on the edge of the city, formally handed over on 2 November 1921.1921 年医学院脱离尤利乌斯医院，迁入城郊新建的卢伊特波尔德医院，该院于 1921 年 11 月 2 日正式移交。

• Between 1933 and 1945 the university deprived 184 scientists, above all those of Jewish origin, of their doctoral degrees, and after critical examination of these events it rehabilitated them posthumously in a public ceremony in May 2011.1933 至 1945 年间，该校剥夺了 184 名科学家（其中尤以犹太裔为主）的博士学位；在对此进行批判性审视后，学校于 2011 年 5 月举行公开仪式为其追认恢复。

• After the Second World War the theological faculty was the first to start anew on 1 October 1945, and the whole university was solemnly reopened on 12 March 1947.二战后，神学院于 1945 年 10 月 1 日率先复课，整所大学则于 1947 年 3 月 12 日隆重复校。

• A report by the then rector Josef Martin recorded that the military government had dismissed 123 of the 150 professors who had taught before 1945 and allowed only 27 back to lecture.时任校长约瑟夫·马丁的报告记载，军政府解除了 1945 年前任教的 150 名教授中 123 人的职务，仅允许 27 人继续授课。

• On 11 May 1965 the university laid the foundation stone for the Hubland Campus on a hill east of the city, the site of which the Free State of Bavaria had bought from the city in 1962 to make room for more than 6,000 students.1965 年 5 月 11 日，该校在城东丘陵为胡布兰校区（Hubland Campus）奠基；这片土地由巴伐利亚自由州于 1962 年从维尔茨堡市购入，用以容纳当时 6,000 余名学生。

• In 1973 more than 10,000 students were enrolled, and in 1981 the University Library of Würzburg moved into its new building on the Hubland Campus.1973 年该校注册学生超过 10,000 人；1981 年，维尔茨堡大学图书馆迁入胡布兰校区的新馆。

• On 12 April 2011 the university opened Campus North beside the Hubland Campus, a 39-hectare area on the site of the former Leighton Barracks after the withdrawal of the United States military in January 2009.2011 年 4 月 12 日，该校在胡布兰校区旁启用北校区，占地 39 公顷，原为美军莱顿军营旧址，美军于 2009 年 1 月撤离后移交。

• In March 2016 JMU became the first university in Bavaria to be awarded the "Bavaria barrier-free" signet, and in January 2019 it launched the WueStudy online portal for its students.2016 年 3 月，维尔茨堡大学成为巴伐利亚州首个获颁「无障碍巴伐利亚」标志的大学；2019 年 1 月，它又面向学生推出了 WueStudy 在线门户。

• For the 2026-2032 funding period of the German Excellence Strategy JMU secured two Clusters of Excellence, the new NUCLEATE project and a renewal of the ct.qmat cluster as ctd.qmat.在德国「精英战略」2026 至 2032 年资助期内，该校获得两个卓越集群：新建的 NUCLEATE 项目，以及把 ct.qmat 集群续期更名为 ctd.qmat。

Academics

• The university is divided into ten faculties: Catholic Theology, Law, Medicine, Arts, Human Sciences, Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Mathematics and Computer Science, Physics and Astronomy, and Business Management and Economics.该校分为十个学院：天主教神学院、法学院、医学院、文学院、人文学院、生物学院、化学与药学院、数学与计算机科学学院、物理与天文学院、经济与管理学院。

• It offers 280 degree programmes, ranging from the four classic subjects of medicine, theology, philosophy and law to newer fields such as Artificial Intelligence and Data Science and Computer Science and Sustainability.该校开设 280 个学位项目，既有医学、神学、哲学、法学这四门经典学科，也有「人工智能与数据科学」「计算机科学与可持续发展」等新兴方向。

• In the winter semester of 2025/26 it counted 25,281 students, including 15,489 women, 3,078 international students and 2,919 students in their first semester at JMU.2025 至 2026 年冬季学期，该校有 25,281 名学生，其中女性 15,489 人、国际学生 3,078 人、第一学期新生 2,919 人。

• The university employed around 5,000 staff in 2025, among them 479 professors of whom 139 were women, and together with its hospital it is one of the largest employers in the region.2025 年该校约有 5,000 名员工，其中教授 479 人，女性教授 139 人；连同附属医院，它是该地区规模最大的雇主之一。

• The Medical Faculty covers human medicine, dentistry and biomedicine, and the Faculty of Arts groups historical, philological, cultural and geographical studies.医学院涵盖人类医学、牙医学与生物医学；文学院则汇集历史学、语文学、文化学与地理学等方向。

• Research at JMU is concentrated in four focal research areas, namely functional materials for the future, molecules of life, disrupting disease dynamics, and the meeting of code and culture in artificial intelligence and computational humanities.该校的研究集中在四个重点研究领域：面向未来的功能材料、生命分子、重塑疾病动力学，以及人工智能与计算人文中「代码与文化的交汇」。

• Three emerging research areas are being strategically expanded, covering global environmental challenges, historical and social pillars of change, and the drivers of decision and behaviour in complex minds.该校还在战略性地扩展三个新兴研究领域，分别涉及全球环境挑战、历史与社会的变革支柱，以及复杂心智中决策与行为的驱动因素。

• From the 1990s the university began founding cross-faculty research centres, and centres such as the Research Center for Infectious Diseases have become an internationally prominent trademark of JMU.自 1990 年代起，该校开始设立跨学院研究中心，其中传染病研究中心等已成为维尔茨堡大学在国际上引人注目的标志。

• Named research institutions include the Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, the Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, the Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine and the Comprehensive Heart Failure Center.该校的具名研究机构包括鲁道夫·菲尔绍整合与转化生物成像中心、分子感染生物学研究所、实验分子医学中心以及综合性心力衰竭中心。

• The Theodor Boveri Institute for Biosciences, the Helmholtz Center for Infection Research and the Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research are among the further research units attached to the university.此外，特奥多尔·博韦里生物科学研究所、亥姆霍兹感染研究中心与巴伐利亚应用能源研究中心等也隶属于该校。

• The Graduate School for Life Sciences was selected as an Excellence project, and the JMU Graduate Academy is today the central point of contact for doctoral studies across the ten faculties.生命科学研究生院曾入选精英项目；如今维尔茨堡大学研究生院则是覆盖十个学院的博士阶段学习中枢机构。

• Junior research group leaders and junior professorships on the tenure track are treated as equivalent career paths to full professorships, giving early independence to young academics.青年研究组长与终身轨青年教授职位被视为与正教授职位对等的职业路径，使年轻学者得以较早获得学术自主。

• The university's central scientific units include the Botanical Garden, the Martin von Wagner Museum, the Mineralogical Museum and the Institute for Higher Education.该校的中央科学单位包括植物园、马丁·冯·瓦格纳博物馆、矿物学博物馆以及高等教育研究所。

• The Martin von Wagner Museum and the Mineralogical Museum hold university collections that are open to the public, while the Botanical Garden at Dallenberg supports teaching and research in botany.马丁·冯·瓦格纳博物馆与矿物学博物馆收藏有向公众开放的大学藏品，而位于达伦贝格的植物园则支撑植物学的教学与研究。

• Research funding is highly competitive, and JMU's Collaborative Research Centres, Research Training Groups and Research Units are funded chiefly by the German Research Foundation.该校的科研经费竞争十分激烈，其合作研究中心、研究训练组与研究单位主要由德国研究联合会（DFG）资助。

• In 2024 the university's budget was 795.0 million euros including the hospital, of which 180.2 million euros came from third-party funding.2024 年该校预算（含附属医院）为 7.95 亿欧元，其中 1.802 亿欧元来自第三方经费。

• The university and its hospital together provide about 10,000 jobs, of which roughly 3,000 are academic posts and more than 400 are professorships.该校及附属医院共提供约 10,000 个工作岗位，其中约 3,000 个为学术岗位、逾 400 个为教授职位。

Campus

• The university has no single campus but is spread across the city of Würzburg, with its teaching and research buildings distributed among several named locations.该校没有单一的集中校区，而是散布在维尔茨堡全城，其教学与研究建筑分布在若干具名地点。

• The Hubland Campus lies on a hill east of the city centre, its foundation stone laid on 11 May 1965, and it now holds the university library, the biocentre, computer centre, the robotics hall, the nanostructure laboratory and the faculties of science and the humanities.胡布兰校区位于市中心以东的丘陵上，1965 年 5 月 11 日奠基，如今设有大学图书馆、生物中心、计算中心、机器人厅、纳米结构实验室以及自然科学与人文学科的多个学院。

• Campus North, opened on 12 April 2011 on the site of the former Leighton Barracks, added 39 hectares for the university's future development and its canteen was inaugurated in 2014.北校区于 2011 年 4 月 12 日在原莱顿军营旧址启用，为学校未来发展增添 39 公顷用地，其食堂于 2014 年落成。

• The Neue Universität on the Sanderring, inaugurated in 1896, houses the university management and the economics departments and remains the administrative heart of JMU.1896 年启用的桑德环「新大学」大楼容纳校务管理与经济学系，至今仍是该校的行政中心。

• The Alte Universität on Domerschulstraße, completed in 1591 and attributed to the architect Georg Robin, houses the Faculty of Law and incorporates the Neubaukirche, the university church.位于多默学校街的老大学建筑建成于 1591 年，一般认为出自建筑师格奥尔格·罗宾之手，现设法学院，并包含大学教堂「新楼教堂」。

• The Grombühl district holds the medical faculty, the university hospitals and the Rudolf Virchow Center, so that much of the university's clinical research is concentrated there.格龙比尔区设有医学院、大学附属医院与鲁道夫·菲尔绍中心，该校的临床研究因此大多集中于此。

• Botany and pharmaceutical biology are based at Dallenberg with the Botanical Garden, while sociology, political science, education and special education are housed at Wittelsbacherplatz.植物学与药用生物学设在达伦贝格并附设植物园，社会学、政治学、教育学与特殊教育学则设在维特尔斯巴赫广场。

• Classical philology, Egyptology, Oriental studies, philosophy, ancient history and classical archaeology are located in the former Residence, and dentistry is taught in the city centre and Pleich district.古典语文学、埃及学、东方学、哲学、古代史与古典考古学设于旧王宫建筑群中，牙医学则在市中心与普莱希区授课。

• The Röntgenring, named after Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen and called the Pleicher Ring until 1909, houses anatomy, physiology, psychology and the chemical technology of material synthesis.伦琴环路（Röntgenring）以威廉·康拉德·伦琴命名，1909 年前称普莱希环，设有解剖学、生理学、心理学与材料合成的化学技术等学科。

Reputation

• In the 2027 QS World University Rankings the University of Würzburg is placed 430th, and in the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings it stands 182nd, its strongest position in the four main global tables.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中维尔茨堡大学位列第 430，在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中位列第 182，这是它在四大全球主榜中的最好名次。

• It is 249th in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities and falls in the 201-300 band of the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities.在 2026 至 2027 年度 U.S. News 全球最佳大学排名中它位列第 249，在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中处于 201 至 300 区间。

• The Shanghai Ranking places JMU among the top universities of Germany and within the world's leading group of academic institutions, a position the university cites on its own English pages.软科排名把维尔茨堡大学列入德国顶尖大学之列，并置于全球领先学术机构之林，校方在其英文官网上亦引用这一评价。

• Fifteen Nobel laureates have researched or taught in Würzburg, among them Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, who discovered X-rays in the city in 1895 and took the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.共有十五位诺贝尔奖得主曾在维尔茨堡从事研究或教学，其中包括威廉·康拉德·伦琴，他于 1895 年在当地发现 X 射线，并于 1901 年获得首届诺贝尔物理学奖。

• JMU is one of the fifteen research-intensive universities of the German U15 group and a member of the Coimbra Group of long-established European universities.维尔茨堡大学是德国 U15 联盟十五所研究密集型大学之一，也是欧洲历史悠久的科英布拉集团成员。

• For the 2026-2032 Excellence Strategy funding period the university won two Clusters of Excellence, NUCLEATE and ctd.qmat, which also allows it to compete for the title of University of Excellence.在 2026 至 2032 年精英战略资助期内，该校赢得 NUCLEATE 与 ctd.qmat 两个卓越集群，也因此得以竞逐「精英大学」称号。

• The university's Collaborative Research Centres, Research Training Groups and Research Units, most of them funded by the German Research Foundation, have shaped its standing in the scientific community since the mid-1990s.该校的合作研究中心、研究训练组与研究单位大多由德国研究联合会资助，自 1990 年代中期以来共同塑造了它在学界的地位。

• Würzburg ranks in the top bracket of academic institutions in biology, medicine, physics and psychology, the disciplines on which its international reputation chiefly rests.维尔茨堡在生物学、医学、物理学与心理学领域位居学术机构前列，其国际声誉主要建立在这几门学科之上。

• In 2024 the university managed a budget of 795.0 million euros including the hospital and raised 180.2 million euros in third-party funding, a measure of its research capacity.2024 年该校（含附属医院）管理 7.95 亿欧元预算，并筹得 1.802 亿欧元第三方经费，这从一个侧面反映其科研实力。

• Between 1901 and 1911 five Nobel Prizes went to Würzburg researchers, an early peak of the university's scientific standing that was driven largely by the mathematician Friedrich Prym.1901 至 1911 年间有五个诺贝尔奖授予维尔茨堡的研究者，这是该校科学声望的早期高峰，在很大程度上得益于数学家弗里德里希·普里姆。

Student life

• The university's motto is "Science for Society", under which it commits itself to research in fields relevant to the future of society.该校校训为「为社会而科学」（Science for Society），据此致力于面向社会未来相关领域的研究。

• The tower of the Neubaukirche, the university auditorium and at 91 metres the tallest church tower in the city, holds one of the four carillons in Bavaria, and public concerts of about thirty minutes are given on it every Wednesday at 5.30 p.m. between Easter and Christmas.大学礼堂新楼教堂的塔楼高 91 米，是该市最高的教堂塔楼，其中装有巴伐利亚仅有的四座编钟之一；自复活节至圣诞节，每周三下午 5 时 30 分都会在塔上举行约三十分钟的公开音乐会。

• Student associations were first founded in Würzburg around 1800, and in the winter semester of 2025/26 a total of 2,919 students entered the university in their first semester.维尔茨堡的学生社团最早于 1800 年前后成立；2025 至 2026 年冬季学期共有 2,919 名新生在该校开始第一学期的学习。

• With the university enrolling around 25,000 students and the University of Applied Sciences Würzburg-Schweinfurt a further 8,600, about every fourth citizen of Würzburg is a student.由于该校约有 25,000 名学生、维尔茨堡－施韦因富特应用技术大学另有 8,600 名学生，维尔茨堡大约每四位市民中就有一位是学生。

• University sport is centred on the sports centre at Judenbühlweg and on the new sports centre on the Hubland Campus, with indoor halls and outdoor grounds for student teams.大学体育以尤登比尔路体育中心和胡布兰新体育中心为核心，设有供学生队伍使用的室内馆与室外场地。

• The university runs a health counselling and barrier-free service, and in 2008 it set up the Information Center for People with Disabilities and Chronic Diseases, known as KIS.该校提供健康咨询与无障碍服务，并于 2008 年设立面向残障与慢性病学生的信息中心（KIS）。

• The move to online services took a step forward on 7 January 2019, when the WueStudy portal replaced the older sb@home system for student administration.2019 年 1 月 7 日，WueStudy 门户取代旧的「sb@home」系统承担学生事务，使线上服务向前推进了一步。

• The Martin von Wagner Museum and the Mineralogical Museum give students direct access to important university collections, and the Botanical Garden at Dallenberg is open for study and recreation.马丁·冯·瓦格纳博物馆与矿物学博物馆让学生得以直接接触重要的校内藏品，达伦贝格植物园则可用于学习与休憩。

Notable people

• Prince-Bishop Johann von Egloffstein, who ruled Würzburg from 1400, launched the initiative in 1401 that led to the founding of the university and obtained its papal privilege in 1402.自 1400 年起治理维尔茨堡的采邑主教约翰·冯·埃格洛夫施泰因于 1401 年发起创校倡议，并于 1402 年为学校取得教皇特许。

• Prince-Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn re-established the university in 1582 after more than a century of decline, and gives it the first half of its name.采邑主教尤利乌斯·艾希特·冯·梅斯佩尔布伦在沉寂一个多世纪后于 1582 年重建该校，其名字构成了校名的前半部分。

• Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria, king from 1806, gives the second half of the university's name in recognition of the secularisation reforms carried out in Bavaria between 1803 and 1806.1806 年即位的巴伐利亚国王马克西米利安一世·约瑟夫构成了校名的后半部分，以纪念 1803 至 1806 年间巴伐利亚推行的世俗化改革。

• Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered X-rays at the university's physics institute in 1895 and was awarded the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.威廉·康拉德·伦琴于 1895 年在该校物理研究所发现 X 射线，并于 1901 年获首届诺贝尔物理学奖。

• Emil Fischer, professor of chemistry in Würzburg from 1885 to 1892, received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1902 for his work on sugar and purine synthesis.1885 至 1892 年在维尔茨堡任化学教授的埃米尔·费舍尔因其糖类与嘌呤合成研究，于 1902 年获得诺贝尔化学奖。

• Eduard Buchner was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1907 for discovering cell-free fermentation, work he carried out while at Würzburg.爱德华·布赫纳因发现无细胞发酵于 1907 年获得诺贝尔化学奖，这一成果是他在维尔茨堡期间完成的。

• Wilhelm Wien took the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1911 for his laws on the radiation of heat, and Johannes Stark received the same prize in 1919 for his discovery of the Stark effect.威廉·维恩因热辐射定律于 1911 年获诺贝尔物理学奖，约翰内斯·斯塔克则因发现斯塔克效应于 1919 年获得同一奖项。

• Hans Spemann, who held the chair of zoology at Würzburg, won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1935 for his work on embryonic development and the organiser effect.曾任维尔茨堡动物学讲席的汉斯·斯佩曼因胚胎发育与「组织者效应」研究，于 1935 年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

• Klaus von Klitzing, who took his doctorate in Würzburg, received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1985 for discovering the quantum Hall effect.在维尔茨堡取得博士学位的克劳斯·冯·克利青因发现量子霍尔效应，于 1985 年获得诺贝尔物理学奖。

• Harald zur Hausen, who began the research in Würzburg in 1969, shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2008 for linking human papillomaviruses to cervical cancer.1969 年起在维尔茨堡开展相关研究的哈拉尔德·楚尔·豪森因揭示人乳头瘤病毒与宫颈癌的关联，于 2008 年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

• Kilian Stumpf, a German Jesuit who studied philosophy, ethics and canon law at Würzburg, went to China and succeeded Johann Adam Schall von Bell as head of the Imperial Astronomical Bureau in Beijing.曾在维尔茨堡修习哲学、伦理学与教会法的德国耶稣会士纪理安（Kilian Stumpf）前往中国，接替汤若望出任清廷钦天监总管。

• Philipp Franz von Siebold, a physician and naturalist trained in Würzburg, worked in Japan and helped introduce Western medicine there, giving the university an early link with East Asia.在维尔茨堡受过医学训练的医生与博物学家菲利普·弗朗茨·冯·西博尔德曾在日本工作，推动了西方医学在当地的传播，也为该校建立了与东亚的早期联系。