University of Turku

The University of Turku, known in Finnish as Turun yliopisto and commonly shortened to UTU, is a multidisciplinary public research university in the city of Turku in southwestern Finland, organised into eight faculties and four independent units, and it counted more than 23,000 students and more than 4,000 staff in 2025.图尔库大学，芬兰语名为（Turun yliopisto），常缩写为（UTU），是芬兰西南部城市图尔库的一所多学科公立研究型大学，设八个学院与四个独立单位，2025 年拥有超过 23,000 名学生与超过 4,000 名教职工。

The university was founded on Kalevala Day, 28 February 1920, after a fundraising campaign to which 22,040 people contributed, making it the first university in Finland where Finnish was the language of instruction, and its motto is The gift of a free people to free science.该校于 1920 年 2 月 28 日（卡勒瓦拉日）在一场 22,040 人参与的募捐运动之后创办，是芬兰第一所以芬兰语授课的大学，其校训为「The gift of a free people to free science」（自由人民致自由科学的礼物）。

In the 2027 QS World University Rankings it is placed 398th, in the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings it stands in the 351-375 band, in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities it is 362nd, and in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities it falls in the 301-400 band, while OpenAlex credits it with 94,179 research works and 7,100,075 citations.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中该校位列第 398，在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中处于 351 至 375 区间，在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中位列第 362，在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中处于 301 至 400 区间，OpenAlex 统计其研究成果 94,179 项、累计被引 7,100,075 次。

History

• The Turku Cathedral School, established in 1276, was the school from which the first university in Turku eventually grew, and for centuries it supplied clergy and officials to the region.图尔库主教座堂学校建立于 1276 年，图尔库的第一所大学正是由这所学校发展而来，数百年来它为该地区输送神职人员与官员。

• The Royal Academy of Turku was founded on 26 March 1640 by Queen Christina of Sweden on the suggestion of Count Per Brahe, making it the third university in the Swedish Empire and the only one in Finland, where it remained the sole university for more than a century.图尔库皇家学院于 1640 年 3 月 26 日由瑞典女王克里斯蒂娜在佩尔·布拉赫伯爵的建议下创办，是瑞典帝国的第三所大学，也是芬兰境内唯一的一所，此后一个多世纪仍是当地仅有的大学。

• In 1809, after Russia's victory over Sweden in the Finnish War, Finland was annexed by Russia and became the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, while the academy continued to operate under reduced autonomy.1809 年，俄国在芬兰战争中战胜瑞典后兼并芬兰，芬兰成为享有自治的大公国，而学院则在自治被削减的情况下继续运作。

• To reduce Swedish influence and move the seat of government closer to Saint Petersburg, Finland's capital was relocated from Turku to Helsinki on 8 April 1812, permanently shifting the country's academic gravity eastwards.为削弱瑞典影响并使行政中心更靠近圣彼得堡，芬兰首都于 1812 年 4 月 8 日由图尔库迁往赫尔辛基，国家的学术重心也由此永久东移。

• After the Great Fire of Turku in 1827 the Royal Academy was transferred to Helsinki, where it eventually grew into the modern University of Helsinki, leaving Turku without a university for the rest of the 19th century.1827 年图尔库大火之后，皇家学院迁往赫尔辛基并最终发展为今日的赫尔辛基大学，图尔库因此在 19 世纪余下的时间里再无大学。

• University-level teaching returned to Turku in 1918 with the founding of Åbo Akademi University, an exclusively Swedish-speaking institution that prompted Finnish speakers to demand a Finnish-language university of their own.1918 年，随着以瑞典语为唯一教学语言的奥博学术大学成立，图尔库重新拥有了大学层次的教学，也促使讲芬兰语的民众要求建立一所属于他们的芬兰语大学。

• The modern University of Turku was founded on Kalevala Day, 28 February 1920, as the first Finnish-speaking university in the country, intended to serve the Finnish-speaking majority of the newly independent state.现代图尔库大学于 1920 年 2 月 28 日（卡勒瓦拉日）创办，是芬兰第一所以芬兰语授课的大学，旨在服务这个新近独立国家的芬兰语多数群体。

• In 1920 a fundraising campaign drew contributions from 22,040 people, and their gift is commemorated in the university's motto, a gift of a free people to free science, which became a symbol of national self-reliance.1920 年的募捐运动募集到 22,040 人的捐款，这份馈赠被铭刻在校训「自由人民致自由科学的礼物」之中，成为民族自立的象征。

• From 1920 the first premises of the university stood in the centre of Turku by the market square, and teaching opened with seven professors, four in the social sciences and three in the natural sciences.自 1920 年起，该校最初的校舍位于图尔库市中心集市广场旁，建校时共有七位教授，其中四位属社会科学、三位属自然科学。

• In the 1950s a new campus was built on Ryssänmäki, then nicknamed Russian Hill and today known as University Hill, where the Main Building and the surrounding complex were erected in a wider wave of post-war campus construction.20 世纪 50 年代，学校在（Ryssänmäki，当时被称作俄罗斯山、今称大学山）兴建新校区，主楼及周边建筑群即建于战后校园建设浪潮之中。

• From the 1960s the university expanded rapidly, adding faculties, institutes and student housing as demand for higher education grew across Finland.自 20 世纪 60 年代起，随着芬兰全国对高等教育的需求增长，该校迅速扩张，增设学院、研究所与学生住房。

• In 1974 the university was made a public institution, having previously operated as a private foundation, and it thereby gained a statutory place in the Finnish higher education system.1974 年，该校由此前的私立基金会改为公立机构，从而在芬兰高等教育体系中获得法定地位。

• In 1995 the University of Turku became a member of the Coimbra Group, a network of leading European research universities, signalling its ambition to rank among Europe's established institutions.1995 年，图尔库大学加入科英布拉集团，这是欧洲主要研究型大学组成的网络，标志着它跻身欧洲老牌名校之列的雄心。

• In January 2010 the Turku School of Economics merged with the University of Turku, forming the seventh faculty and strengthening teaching and research in business and economics.2010 年 1 月，图尔库经济学院并入图尔库大学，成为该校第七个学院，也增强了商业与经济领域的教学与研究。

• In 2017 the university joined the European Campus of City-Universities, known as EC2U, an alliance linking universities located in university cities across Europe.2017 年，该校加入欧洲城市大学校园联盟（EC2U），这一联盟将坐落于欧洲各大学城的大学联结在一起。

• In 2021 the Faculty of Technology was established as the eighth faculty of the university, consolidating engineering education that had previously been spread across other units.2021 年，技术学院成立，成为该校第八个学院，把此前分散在其他单位的工程教育整合起来。

• In 2020 the university marked the centenary of its founding, a hundred years after the fundraising campaign of its 22,040 subscribers, with events and publications on its history.2020 年，该校迎来建校百年，距 22,040 名认捐者的募捐运动已整整一百年，学校以系列活动与出版物回顾其历史。

• The strategy for 2030 profiles the university's multidisciplinary research through six thematic areas, covering biodiversity and sustainability, future technologies and digital society, cultural memory and social change, children and learning, health and drug development, and sea and maritime studies.面向 2030 年的战略以六大主题领域来规划该校的多学科研究，涵盖生物多样性与可持续性、未来技术与数字社会、文化记忆与社会变迁、儿童与学习、健康与药物研发，以及海洋与海事研究。

• The office of Chancellor, most recently held by Professor Pekka Puska, was abolished by a decision of the University Board, and its duties were reassigned to the Rector, simplifying the university's leadership structure.校长监（Chancellor）一职最近由佩卡·普斯卡教授担任，后经校务委员会决定予以撤销，其职责移交校长（Rector），使学校的领导结构更为简洁。

• The university describes itself as the successor to the Royal Academy of Turku, and it preserves the historical seal and traditions of that Swedish-era institution.该校自称为图尔库皇家学院的继承者，并保留着那所瑞典时期学府的历史印章与传统。

• Its medical faculty grew from a small department into one of the largest in Finland, working closely with the university hospital that adjoins the campus.其医学院由一个小系发展成芬兰规模最大的院系之一，与紧邻校区的大学医院密切合作。

Academics

• The university is organised into eight faculties, namely Humanities, Education, Medicine, Science, Law, Social Sciences, the Turku School of Economics and Technology, together with four independent units.该校设八个学院，分别是人文学院、教育学院、医学院、理学院、法学院、社会科学学院、图尔库经济学院与技术学院，另有四个独立单位。

• Its independent units include the Turku PET Centre, the Turku Bioscience Centre, the Brahea Centre for lifelong learning and the Centre for Language and Communication Studies, which support research and teaching across disciplines.其独立单位包括图尔库 PET 中心、图尔库生物科学中心、从事终身教育的布雷亚中心，以及语言与传播研究中心，它们为跨学科的研究与教学提供支持。

• The largest faculties by enrollment are those of Humanities and of Science and Technology, and most teaching is divided between them and the Faculty of Medicine.按学生人数计，规模最大的学院为人文学院与科学与技术学院，教学也主要分布在这两院与医学院。

• The University of Turku Graduate School, known as UTUGS, coordinates doctoral training across all disciplines and has about 2,000 doctoral candidates working towards their degrees.图尔库大学研究生院（UTUGS）统筹全校各学科的博士培养，约有 2,000 名在读博士生攻读学位。

• The university has more than 23,000 students and more than 4,000 staff, and 23,148 students were registered in the autumn term of 2025, making it one of Finland's larger universities.该校拥有超过 23,000 名学生与超过 4,000 名教职工，2025 年秋季学期注册学生为 23,148 人，是芬兰规模较大的大学之一。

• Bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees are offered in Finnish and in English, and a range of international master's programmes are taught entirely in English to attract students from abroad.该校以芬兰语和英语授予学士、硕士与博士学位，并有一系列完全以英语授课的国际硕士项目以吸引海外学生。

• The Faculty of Medicine works closely with Turku University Hospital, known as TYKS, which serves as the university's main teaching hospital and a major centre of clinical research.医学院与图尔库大学医院（TYKS）密切合作，后者是该校主要的教学医院，也是重要的临床研究中心。

• The Faculty of Education trains primary and secondary teachers and offers programmes in early childhood education, music education and education and globalisation.教育学院培养中小学教师，并开设幼儿教育、音乐教育以及教育与全球化等项目。

• Research is organised around six thematic areas defined in the strategy for 2030, including ocean and maritime studies and health, diagnostics and drug development.科研围绕面向 2030 年战略所定的六大主题领域组织，其中包括海洋与海事研究，以及健康、诊断与药物研发。

• The university maintains research stations such as the Kevo Subarctic Research Institute in Lapland and the station on the island of Själö, as well as the Botanical Garden at Ruissalo, all used for field teaching and research.该校设有拉普兰凯沃亚北极研究所等研究站以及（Själö）岛上的研究站，并经营鲁伊萨洛植物园，均用于野外教学与研究。

• The university has campuses in the cities of Pori and Rauma, where teacher education and other programmes are offered alongside the main campus in Turku.该校在波里与劳马两市设有校区，与图尔库主校区一道开设教师教育及其他项目。

• The university is an active member of the University of the Arctic, a circumpolar network of more than 200 universities and organisations, and takes part in its north2north student and staff mobility programme.该校是北极大学的活跃成员，这一环极网络涵盖 200 多所高校与机构，学校还参与其（north2north）师生流动项目。

• Its researchers took part in the BIODAMAZ project with the Peruvian Amazon Research Institute, based in Iquitos, studying the biodiversity of the Amazon in collaboration with the institute.该校研究人员与总部位于伊基托斯的秘鲁亚马逊研究所合作，参与（BIODAMAZ）项目，共同研究亚马逊地区的生物多样性。

• The Turku PET Centre is a joint institute of the University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University and Turku University Hospital, and it is one of Finland's leading centres for positron emission tomography.图尔库 PET 中心由图尔库大学、奥博学术大学与图尔库大学医院合办，是芬兰领先的正电子发射断层成像研究中心之一。

• The university's units also include the Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO and the Turku Bioscience Centre, which support research in astronomy and the life sciences on the campus.该校的研究单位还包括与欧洲南方天文台合办的芬兰天文中心，以及支持天文与生命科学研究的图尔库生物科学中心，它们都位于校区之内。

• The Faculty of Law and the Faculty of Social Sciences are based on the main campus, while the Faculty of Medicine is served by the medical campus and the adjoining university hospital.法学院与社会科学学院设于主校区，医学院则依托医学园区及与之毗邻的大学医院。

• Doctoral students are organised into discipline-based doctoral programmes supervised within the UTUGS graduate school framework.博士生按学科编入各博士项目，在（UTUGS）研究生院框架内接受指导。

Campus

• The main campus lies on University Hill and is shared with Åbo Akademi University and elements of Turku Science Park, close to the centre of Turku.主校区位于大学山，与奥博学术大学以及图尔库科技园的部分设施共用，距图尔库市中心不远。

• The Main Building and the surrounding complex were built in the 1950s, when the university moved from the market square to a purpose-built campus on the hill.主楼及周边建筑群建于 20 世纪 50 年代，当时该校从集市广场迁至大学山上专门兴建的校区。

• Turku University Hospital, the Student Village and the science park are clustered around the campus, giving the area the character of a student quarter.图尔库大学医院、学生村与科技园环绕校区，使这一带具有学生街区的特色。

• The Medisiina D building houses the facilities of the Faculty of Medicine and stands on the medical campus near the university hospital.医学楼（Medisiina D）容纳医学院的设施，位于大学医院附近的医学园区。

• The university owns the Botanical Garden at Ruissalo and a research station on the island of Själö, both used for teaching and field research.该校拥有鲁伊萨洛植物园以及（Själö）岛上的研究站，两者均用于教学与野外研究。

• Beyond Turku the university operates campuses in the nearby cities of Pori and Rauma, mainly for teacher education and business studies.图尔库之外，该校还在邻近的波里与劳马两市设校区，主要用于教师教育与商科教学。

• The Student Village beside the campus is a residential area built for students and forms part of the university's living environment.校区旁的学生村是为学生兴建的居住区，构成该校生活环境的一部分。

• The campus is within walking distance of the River Aura and the market square, and buses connect it with the rest of the city.校区步行即可到达奥拉河与集市广场，公交线路将其与城市其他区域相连。

Reputation

• In the 2027 QS World University Rankings the University of Turku is placed 398th, placing it among the world's leading research universities.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，图尔库大学位列第 398，跻身世界领先研究型大学之列。

• In the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings it stands in the 351-375 band.在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中，该校处于 351 至 375 区间。

• In the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities ranking it is placed 362nd.在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中，该校位列第 362。

• In the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities it falls in the 301-400 band.在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中，该校处于 301 至 400 区间。

• By student enrollment the university is the third largest in Finland, after the University of Helsinki and Tampere University.按学生人数计，该校是芬兰第三大大学，仅次于赫尔辛基大学与坦佩雷大学。

• It has been a member of the Coimbra Group since 1995 and joined the EC2U alliance in 2017, both being networks of European research universities.该校自 1995 年起为科英布拉集团成员，并于 2017 年加入（EC2U）联盟，二者都是欧洲研究型大学的网络。

• According to OpenAlex the university has produced 94,179 research works attracting 7,100,075 citations, reflecting the strength of its medical and natural-science research.据 OpenAlex 统计，该校已产出 94,179 项研究成果，累计被引 7,100,075 次，反映出其医学与自然科学研究的实力。

• Its medical and health research, carried out with Turku University Hospital, is among the strongest in Finland, and the university is known for the Turku PET Centre.该校与图尔库大学医院合作开展的医学与健康研究位居芬兰前列，图尔库 PET 中心亦颇为知名。

• The university is an active member of the University of the Arctic, whose network of more than 200 institutions promotes education and research in the circumpolar North.该校是北极大学的活跃成员，该网络涵盖 200 多所机构，致力于推动环极北方地区的教育与研究。

Student life

• The university's motto, the gift of a free people to free science, commemorates the 22,040 people who funded its founding in 1920.该校校训「自由人民致自由科学的礼物」纪念了 1920 年为建校出资的 22,040 人。

• The Student Union of the University of Turku, in Finnish Turun yliopiston ylioppilaskunta, represents the interests of the university's students.图尔库大学学生会，芬兰语名为（Turun yliopiston ylioppilaskunta），代表该校学生的权益。

• Students who join the student union receive a student card giving subsidised meals, health services and discounts on public transport.加入学生会的学生可获学生卡，凭卡享受餐食补贴、医疗服务以及公共交通折扣。

• The university's anniversary is observed on Kalevala Day, 28 February, the date on which it was founded in 1920.该校的校庆日定在卡勒瓦拉日，即 2 月 28 日，也是它 1920 年创办的日子。

• Subject-specific student organisations and guilds organise social and academic events throughout the academic year, from orientation weeks to annual dinners.按学科划分的学生组织与行会全年组织各类社交与学术活动，从迎新周到年度晚宴。

• The Student Village next to the campus provides accommodation for students and helps make Turku one of Finland's leading student cities.校区旁的学生村为学生提供住宿，也使图尔库成为芬兰主要的学生城市之一。

• Turku's student culture is shared with Åbo Akademi University, and the two institutions together sustain a lively student scene in the city.图尔库的学生文化由该校与奥博学术大学共享，两校共同维系着城中活跃的学生氛围。

• The university offers sports services, student canteens and cultural activities, and student organisations run choirs, orchestras and hobby clubs.该校提供体育服务、学生食堂与文化活动，学生组织还开办合唱团、乐团与兴趣社团。

• International students are supported through the university's international office and can take part in exchange programmes such as Erasmus.国际学生由该校国际办公室提供支持，并可参与 Erasmus 等交流项目。

• Student traditions include wearing overalls in faculty colours and celebrating anniversaries with processions and speeches.学生传统包括穿着以学院颜色区分的工装裤，并以游行与演讲庆祝周年纪念。

Notable people

• Mauno Koivisto, a graduate of the university, served as the ninth President of Finland from 1982 to 1994 and as Prime Minister in 1968-1970 and 1979-1982.毕业于该校的毛诺·科伊维斯托于 1982 年至 1994 年任芬兰第九任总统，并曾在 1968 至 1970 年及 1979 至 1982 年任芬兰总理。

• Sauli Niinistö, also an alumnus, was the twelfth President of Finland, serving from 2012 to 2024.同为校友的绍利·尼尼斯托是芬兰第十二任总统，任期为 2012 年至 2024 年。

• Petteri Orpo, a graduate of the university, became Prime Minister of Finland in 2023.该校毕业生彼得里·奥尔波于 2023 年出任芬兰总理。

• Riikka Purra, a graduate, serves as Minister of Finance and Deputy Prime Minister of Finland.毕业于该校的丽卡·普拉出任芬兰财政部长兼副总理。

• Annika Saarikko, an alumna, was formerly Minister of Finance and Deputy Prime Minister of Finland.校友安妮卡·萨里科曾任芬兰财政部长兼副总理。

• Krista Kiuru and Paula Lehtomäki, both graduates, have held ministerial posts in Finland, in family and social services and in foreign trade and development respectively.同为毕业生的克里斯塔·基乌鲁与保拉·莱赫托迈基分别担任过家庭与社会服务部长以及外贸与发展部长。

• Ville Niinistö, a graduate, has served as a Member of the European Parliament.该校毕业生维勒·尼尼斯托曾担任欧洲议会议员。

• Kaisa Matomäki, a mathematician and alumna, won the SASTRA Ramanujan Prize for her work in number theory.校友、数学家凯萨·马托迈基因其在数论领域的工作获得（SASTRA Ramanujan）奖。

• Stefan Hell, who conducted research at the university's department of medical physics from 1993 to 1996, developed STED microscopy there and won the 2014 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.斯特凡·赫尔于 1993 至 1996 年在该校医学物理系从事研究，在此期间发明了 STED 显微技术，并于 2014 年获得诺贝尔化学奖。

• Martti Koskenniemi, a graduate, is a professor of international law and a former member of the United Nations International Law Commission.校友马尔蒂·科斯肯涅米是国际法教授，并曾任联合国国际法委员会委员。

• Timo Airaksinen, a professor of moral philosophy, and Pekka Puska, a physician and former Chancellor of the university, are counted among its academic figures.道德哲学教授蒂莫·艾拉克西宁，以及医师、曾任该校校长监的佩卡·普斯卡，都被列为该校的学术人物。

• Heli Laaksonen, a poet who writes in the southwestern Finnish dialect, and the diplomat Jarmo Viinanen are among the university's notable alumni.以芬兰西南部方言写作的诗人赫利·拉克索宁，以及外交官亚尔莫·维纳宁，都是该校知名校友。

• The university's current Rector is Marjo Kaartinen, who leads its academic administration and represents the institution at home and abroad.该校现任校长为玛尔约·卡尔蒂宁，主持学校的学术行政，并在国内外代表该校。