University of Toronto

The University of Toronto is a public research university in Toronto, Ontario, and the largest university in Canada by enrolment.多伦多大学（University of Toronto）是一所位于加拿大安大略省多伦多的公立研究型大学，也是加拿大注册学生人数最多的大学。

Founded by royal charter in 1827 as King's College and renamed in 1849, it is organised on a collegiate basis across three campuses and ranks 32nd in the 2027 QS World University Rankings.学校于 1827 年依皇家特许状以国王学院之名创办，1849 年改用现名，采用学院联邦制并设有三个校区，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列全球第 32。

History

• In 1798 the executive council of Upper Canada recommended founding a college at York, now Toronto, and in 1827 King George IV issued a royal charter establishing King's College.1798 年，上加拿大执行委员会建议在当时称作约克的多伦多设立一所学院；1827 年国王乔治四世颁授皇家特许状，创办国王学院。

• The charter was obtained largely through the efforts of John Strachan, the Anglican archbishop of Toronto, who became the college's first president.特许状的取得主要得益于圣公会多伦多大主教约翰·斯特拉坎的推动，他随后成为学院的首任校长。

• Under Strachan the college was closely tied to the Church of England, and reform politicians campaigned against church control of the institution.在斯特拉坎主持下，学院与英国国教会联系紧密，改革派政客为此反对教会对该机构的掌控。

• In 1849, after a long debate, the legislature voted to rename King's College the University of Toronto and to sever its link with the church.1849 年，经过长时间辩论，立法机构表决将国王学院更名为多伦多大学，并切断其与教会的联系。

• University College was founded at the same time as the non-sectarian teaching body of the university, and its main building, completed in 1857, is a national historic site.大学学院同期成立，作为大学不分教派的教学机构；其主楼于 1857 年建成，现为加拿大国家历史遗址。

• The School of Practical Science, founded in 1878, became the faculty of applied science and engineering, and the university admitted women from 1884.成立于 1878 年的实践科学学院后来发展为应用科学与工程学院，学校自 1884 年起招收女性学生。

• A fire in 1890 destroyed the interior of University College and more than thirty thousand books, and the building and library were rebuilt within two years.1890 年的一场大火烧毁了大学学院的内部与三万余册藏书，建筑与图书馆在两年内得以重建。

• The University of Toronto Press, founded in 1901, was the first academic publishing house in Canada, and the faculty of forestry followed in 1907.成立于 1901 年的多伦多大学出版社是加拿大第一家学术出版机构，林学院则于 1907 年设立。

• In 1921 researchers at the university, Frederick Banting and Charles Best, isolated insulin, one of the most important medical discoveries of the century.1921 年，学校的弗雷德里克·班廷与查尔斯·贝斯特分离出胰岛素，这是二十世纪最重要的医学发现之一。

• The university opened the Scarborough campus in 1964 and the Mississauga campus in 1967, and today operates three campuses across the Greater Toronto Area.学校于 1964 年开设士嘉堡校区、1967 年开设密西沙加校区，如今在大多伦多地区设有三个校区。

Academics

• Toronto teaches across a very wide range of disciplines and is strong in medicine and the life sciences, engineering, computer science, the humanities, the social sciences and management.学校学科门类极为广泛，在医学与生命科学、工程、计算机科学、人文学科、社会科学与管理学方面实力突出。

• It is a collegiate university, with eleven colleges providing student life and academic support alongside the faculties and divisions.学校是学院联邦制大学，除各学系与分部之外，另有十一所学院负责学生生活与学业支持。

• It enrols about 103,140 students, of whom 81,412 are undergraduates and 21,728 are postgraduates, taught by some 16,503 faculty members.学校在校学生约 103140 人，其中本科生 81412 人、研究生 21728 人，由约 16503 名教师授课。

• Its endowment is about 3.62 billion Canadian dollars, rising to about 4.49 billion when the federated universities are included, and its budget for 2026-2027 is 3.66 billion.其捐赠基金约为 36.2 亿加元，计入联邦制学院后约为 44.9 亿加元，2026 至 2027 年度预算为 36.6 亿加元。

• The university's medical school and its teaching hospitals form one of the largest clinical and biomedical research clusters in North America.其医学院与各教学医院构成了北美规模最大的临床与生物医学研究集群之一。

• The university is the birthplace of insulin therapy and an early centre of stem cell research, and its researchers verified the first black hole.学校是胰岛素疗法的诞生地、干细胞研究的早期中心，其研究人员还验证了首个黑洞。

• Toronto has become a centre of artificial intelligence and deep learning, and its researchers helped lay the foundations of the field.多伦多已成为人工智能与深度学习的中心，其研究人员为这一领域奠定了基础。

• It is a member of the Association of American Universities, one of only two Canadian members, and of the U15 group of Canadian research universities.学校是美国大学协会的成员，是该校仅有的两所加拿大成员之一，同时属于加拿大研究型大学联盟 U15。

Campus

• The main campus, St George, covers about 182 acres in downtown Toronto, with its buildings arranged around Queen's Park and the Ontario legislature.主校区圣乔治占地约 182 英亩，位于多伦多市中心，建筑环绕女王公园与安大略省议会大厦分布。

• The Mississauga campus covers about 225 acres in the western suburbs, and the Scarborough campus about 300 acres in the east.密西沙加校区位于西部郊区，占地约 225 英亩；士嘉堡校区位于东部，占地约 300 英亩。

• Among the landmarks on the St George campus are University College, Convocation Hall and the Soldiers' Tower, whose carillon has 51 bells.圣乔治校区的地标包括大学学院、大会堂与士兵塔，塔内的钟琴由 51 口钟组成。

• The campus has grown westwards since the Second World War, with modernist and brutalist buildings such as Robarts Library.第二次世界大战后校园向西扩展，出现了罗伯兹图书馆等现代主义与粗野主义建筑。

• The university's colours are blue and white, and its sports teams are known as the Varsity Blues.学校的代表色为蓝色与白色，运动队被称为校队蓝。

• The St George campus is served by the Toronto subway and streetcar network and is within walking distance of the city centre.圣乔治校区由多伦多地铁与有轨电车网络连接，步行即可到达市中心。

Reputation

• Toronto ranks 32nd in the 2027 QS World University Rankings, 22nd in the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, 24th in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities and 20th in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities.多伦多大学在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列全球第 32，2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名第 22，2026 年软科世界大学学术排名第 24，2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名第 20。^[1]

• It is the highest ranked university in Canada in several global tables and one of the country's three leading universities alongside McGill and UBC.在多项全球榜单中，它是加拿大排名最高的大学，并与麦吉尔大学、不列颠哥伦比亚大学并称加拿大三强。

• Its alumni, faculty and researchers include twelve Nobel laureates, two Fields medallists, six Turing Award winners and about 100 Rhodes Scholars.其校友、教师与研究人员中包括十二位诺贝尔奖得主、两位菲尔兹奖得主、六位图灵奖得主以及约 100 位罗德学者。

• Three governors-general, four prime ministers and fourteen justices of the Supreme Court of Canada were educated at the university.三位加拿大总督、四位加拿大总理与十四位加拿大最高法院大法官曾在此求学。

• The university publishes more research papers each year than any other Canadian institution, and its citation impact ranks among the world's highest.学校每年发表的科研论文数量超过加拿大其他任何机构，其引用影响力位居世界前列。

• Its medical discoveries, from insulin to stem cell research, and its role in artificial intelligence, have given it a high international reputation.从胰岛素到干细胞研究的医学发现，以及在人工智能领域的作用，使学校享有很高的国际声誉。

Student life

• Students belong to one of eleven colleges, each with its own traditions, residences and student government, in a system modelled on the older British universities.学生分属十一所学院之一，各学院拥有自己的传统、宿舍与学生自治组织，这一制度参照了历史更久的英国大学。

• The university has a very large number of clubs and societies, and its student newspaper, The Varsity, dates from the nineteenth century.学校有非常多的俱乐部与社团，其学生报刊 The Varsity 的历史可追溯至十九世纪。

• Hart House is the university's student activity centre, with debating, theatre, music and athletic facilities under one roof.哈特之家是学校的学生活动中心，辩论、戏剧、音乐与体育设施集中于此。

• Sport is organised through the university's athletics programme and its Varsity Blues teams, which compete in Canadian university sport.体育事务由学校的体育项目与校队蓝队组织，参加加拿大高校体育赛事。

• The three campuses give students different settings, from the dense downtown St George campus to the suburban Mississauga and Scarborough sites.三个校区为学生提供不同的环境，从市中心密集的圣乔治校区，到郊区的密西沙加与士嘉堡校区。

• Toronto's cultural institutions, including its museums, theatres and music venues, are within easy reach of the main campus.多伦多的博物馆、剧院与音乐场所等文化机构，距离主校区都不远。

Notable people

• Frederick Banting and Charles Best carried out the research that led to insulin therapy, and Banting shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1923.弗雷德里克·班廷与查尔斯·贝斯特完成了促成胰岛素疗法的研究，班廷于 1923 年分享了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

• The university has produced Nobel laureates in medicine, chemistry and physics, and two winners of the Fields Medal in mathematics.学校培养出医学、化学与物理学领域的诺贝尔奖得主，以及两位菲尔兹奖得主。

• Six Turing Award winners are associated with the university, among them researchers who shaped computing and artificial intelligence.与学校相关的图灵奖得主有六位，其中包括塑造了计算与人工智能的研究者。

• Lester Pearson, a Canadian prime minister and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, and several other prime ministers were educated at Toronto.加拿大总理、诺贝尔和平奖得主莱斯特·皮尔逊及其他多位总理曾在多伦多大学求学。

• The university has trained governors-general, Supreme Court justices, cabinet ministers and leaders in business and the arts.学校培养了总督、最高法院大法官、内阁部长以及商界与艺术界的领袖。

• Its medical and scientific graduates are prominent in research hospitals and universities in Canada and internationally.其医学与科学类毕业生在加拿大及国际上的研究型医院与高校中颇具影响。