University of the Witwatersrand

The University of the Witwatersrand, commonly known as Wits University or Wits, is a multi-campus public research university in Johannesburg, South Africa, known for academic and research excellence, a commitment to social justice and the advancement of the public good.金山大学（通称 Wits 或威特沃特斯兰德大学）是位于南非约翰内斯堡的一所多校区公立研究型大学，以学术与研究卓越、对社会正义的承诺以及推动公共福祉著称。

Founded in 1896 as the South African School of Mines in Kimberley, it is the third oldest South African university in continuous operation and today enrolls about 41,702 students across five faculties, 33 schools and seven campuses in Parktown, Braamfontein and a rural campus in Mpumalanga.它于 1896 年在金伯利作为南非矿业学校创立，是南非现存连续办学第三古老的大学，如今在帕克顿、布拉姆方丹以及姆普马兰加的乡村校区设有五个学院、33 个学系和七个校区，在校学生约 41,702 人。

Nelson Mandela was one of four Nobel laureates associated with Wits, alongside Sir Sydney Brenner, Aaron Klug and Nadine Gordimer, and the university was ranked top in South Africa and 200th globally by the Center for World University Rankings in July 2026.纳尔逊·曼德拉是与金山大学相关的四位诺贝尔奖得主之一，其余三位为西德尼·布伦纳爵士、阿龙·克卢格与纳丁·戈迪默，该校在 2026 年 7 月被世界大学排名中心（CWUR）列为南非第一、全球第 200。

History

• The university was founded in Kimberley in 1896 as the South African School of Mines, the third oldest South African university in continuous operation after the University of Cape Town, founded in 1829, and Stellenbosch University, founded in 1866.该校 1896 年在金伯利以南非矿业学校之名创立，是南非连续办学第三古老的大学，仅次于 1829 年创立的开普敦大学和 1866 年创立的斯泰伦博斯大学。

• Eight years later, in 1904, the school moved to Johannesburg and was renamed the Transvaal Technical Institute, and in 1906 its name changed again to Transvaal University College.八年后的 1904 年，学校迁至约翰内斯堡并更名为德兰士瓦技术学院，1906 年又再度更名为德兰士瓦大学学院。

• In 1908 a new campus of the Transvaal University College was established in Pretoria, and the Johannesburg and Pretoria campuses separated on 17 May 1910, each becoming a separate institution.1908 年德兰士瓦大学学院在比勒陀利亚设立新校区，约翰内斯堡与比勒陀利亚两校区于 1910 年 5 月 17 日分立，各自成为独立机构。

• After the split the Johannesburg campus was reincorporated as the South African School of Mines and Technology, while the Pretoria campus remained the Transvaal University College until 1930, when it became the University of Pretoria.分立后约翰内斯堡校区改组为南非矿业与技术学校，比勒陀利亚校区则一直保留德兰士瓦大学学院之名，直至 1930 年成为比勒陀利亚大学。

• In 1920 the school was renamed the University College, Johannesburg, and on 1 March 1922 it was granted full university status as the University of the Witwatersrand.1920 年学校更名为约翰内斯堡大学学院，1922 年 3 月 1 日获授完全大学地位，成为威特沃特斯兰德大学。

• The Johannesburg municipality donated a site in Milner Park, north-west of Braamfontein, as its campus, and construction began the same year on 4 October 1922.约翰内斯堡市政府捐赠了布拉姆方丹西北的米尔纳公园用地作为校园，建设于同年 1922 年 10 月 4 日动工。

• The first Chancellor of the new university was Prince Arthur of Connaught and the first Principal, a post merged with the Vice-Chancellorship in 1948, was Professor Jan Hofmeyr.新大学的首任名誉校长是康诺特亲王亚瑟，首任校长（此职于 1948 年与副校长合并）是杨·霍夫梅尔教授。

• In his inaugural address Hofmeyr declared that universities should know no distinctions of class, wealth, race or creed, and from the outset Wits pursued a policy of non-discrimination on racial or any other grounds.霍夫梅尔在就职演说中宣称大学不应有阶级、财富、种族或信仰之分，金山大学自创办之初即奉行不因种族或其他理由歧视的政策。

• Initially there were six faculties, Arts, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Law and Commerce, together with 37 departments, 73 academic staff and approximately 1,000 students.创办之初设有文、理、医、工、法、商六个学院，下辖 37 个学系、73 名学术人员与约 1,000 名学生。

• In 1923 the university began moving into the new campus, vacating its former Eloff Street premises for the Botany and Zoology Block, the first completed building in Milner Park.1923 年学校开始迁入新校园，退出原埃洛夫街校舍，进驻米尔纳公园最先完工的植物学与动物学楼。

• In 1925 the Prince of Wales, the future King Edward VIII, officially opened the Central Block, which includes the Great Hall.1925 年，威尔士亲王（即后来的爱德华八世）为包含大礼堂在内的中央楼举行开幕。

• The first library, housed in what was meant to be a temporary building, was destroyed by fire on Christmas Eve 1931, prompting a public appeal of £80,000 that led to the William Cullen Library, opened in 1934.首座图书馆设于原拟作临时用途的建筑中，于 1931 年圣诞前夜毁于大火，随后公开募捐 80,000 英镑，促成 1934 年落成的威廉·卡伦图书馆。

• During the Great Depression the university faced severe financial restrictions yet continued to grow, with total enrolment rising from 2,544 students in 1939 to 3,100 in 1945.大萧条期间学校虽财政紧张却仍持续发展，在校学生从 1939 年的 2,544 人增至 1945 年的 3,100 人。

• That growth created an accommodation problem, temporarily solved by wood and galvanised-iron huts in the centre of campus that remained in use until 1972.扩张带来校舍不足的难题，校方以校园中心的木质与镀锌铁皮屋临时应对，这些小屋一直使用到 1972 年。

• During the Second World War the Bernard Price Institute of Geophysical Research was placed under the Union of South Africa's defence ministry and took part in radar research, while an elite force of female soldiers was trained on campus.二战期间，伯纳德·普赖斯地球物理研究所归南非联邦国防部管辖并参与雷达研究，校内还训练了一支精锐的女兵部队。

• After the National Party won the 1948 election and apartheid became law, Wits joined the University of Cape Town, Rhodes University and the University of Natal in issuing the 1957 joint statement The Open Universities in South Africa, committing to university autonomy and academic freedom.1948 年国民党执政并使种族隔离成法后，金山大学与开普敦大学、罗德斯大学、纳塔尔大学于 1957 年联合发表《南非的开放大学》声明，宣示坚守大学自治与学术自由。

• In 1959 the Extension of University Education Act forced restricted registration of black students for most of the apartheid era, yet several notable black leaders still graduated, and the campus was desegregated again in 1990 before apartheid was abolished.1959 年《大学教育延伸法》在种族隔离时期大多数年头里限制黑人学生注册，但仍有数位著名黑人领袖毕业于此，校园更在 1990 年、种族隔离废除之前再度取消隔离。

• Enrolment grew past 16,400 by 1985. In 1964 the medical library and Faculty of Medicine offices moved to Esselen Street in Hillbrow, in 1968 the Graduate School of Business opened in Parktown, and in 1969 the Ernest Oppenheimer Hall of Residence and the vice-chancellor's Savernake residence were established there.到 1985 年学生数已逾 16,400 人；1964 年医学图书馆与医学院办公室迁至希尔布罗的埃森街，1968 年工商学院研究生院在帕克顿启用，1969 年欧内斯特·奥本海默宿舍与副校长官邸萨维恩克亦在此设立。

• During the 1960s Wits acquired the limestone Sterkfontein cave rich in archaeological material, bought the neighbouring Swartkrans farm in 1968, and gained excavation rights at Makapansgat in Limpopo Province.1960 年代，金山大学取得富含考古材料的石灰岩斯特克方丹洞穴，1968 年购得毗邻的斯瓦特克朗斯农场，并在林波波省的马卡潘斯加特获得发掘权。

• The 1970s saw Jubilee Hall, the Wartenweiler Library and the Tandem Accelerator, the first and still only nuclear facility at a South African university, while Lawson's Corner in Braamfontein was acquired in 1976 and renamed University Corner, and the administrative Senate House was completed in 1977.1970 年代建成银禧会堂、瓦尔滕韦勒图书馆与串列加速器，后者是南非大学首座也是迄今唯一核设施；1976 年购入布拉姆方丹的劳森角并更名大学角，行政主楼参议院楼于 1977 年落成。

• In the 1980s the Medical School moved to York Street in Parktown on 30 August 1982, and in 1984 the university acquired the Milner Park showgrounds, including the Tower of Light, from the Witwatersrand Agricultural Society to form the West Campus, opened the Chamber of Mines building, and built the Amic Deck walkway over the De Villiers Graaff Motorway.1980 年代，医学院于 1982 年 8 月 30 日迁至帕克顿约克街；1984 年学校从威特沃特斯兰德农业学会购入含光之塔在内的米尔纳公园博览场地辟为西校区，同年启用矿业协会大厦，并横跨德维利耶·赫拉夫高速公路建起连接东西校区的阿米克天桥。

• On 25 February 2000 the university began the Wits 2001 policy, outsourcing non-core functions such as cleaning and landscaping, reducing nine faculties to five and merging 99 departments into 40 schools, moves defended by vice-chancellor Colin Bundy but criticised by the NEHAWU union.2000 年 2 月 25 日学校启动“Wits 2001”政策，把清洁与园艺等非核心职能外包，将九个学院精简为五个、99 个学系合并为 40 个学所，副校长科林·邦迪为此辩护，却遭全教卫盟工会批评。

• In 2001 the Johannesburg College of Education was incorporated as the Wits Education Campus, in 2003 the Matrix student mall opened in the Student Union Building, and in 2006 the Wits Origins Centre, telling the story of life, was opened by former president Thabo Mbeki beside the Wits Fossil Vault holding the Taung Child, Little Foot and Homo naledi.2001 年约翰内斯堡教育学院并入为金山教育校区，2003 年学生商城 Matrix 在学生会馆启用，2006 年由前总统塔博·姆贝基揭幕的金山起源中心讲述生命的故事，毗邻藏有汤恩幼儿、小脚猿人与纳莱迪人的化石库。

• Five capital projects were completed over the following decade, the Wits Art Museum holding more than 12,000 works of African art, the Wits Science Stadium on West Campus, the fourth quadrant of the Chamber of Mines Building renamed the ARM Building, the FNB Building now the Margo Steele School of Accountancy, and the Wits School of Public Health Building in Parktown.其后十年间完成五项资本工程：藏有逾 12,000 件非洲艺术品的金山艺术博物馆、位于西校区的金山科学体育场、矿业协会大厦增建后更名 ARM 楼的第四期、现称玛戈·斯蒂尔会计学院楼的 FNB 大厦，以及帕克顿的金山公共卫生学院楼。

• The 2015 and 2016 Fees Must Fall protests disrupted the academic programme for a few weeks, stability returned from 2018, and in 2022 Wits marked its centenary, raising R4.2 billion in the Centenary Campaign including a R150 million endowment from alumnus Natie Kirsh for missing-middle students, the Chris Seabrooke Music Hall and the launch of the Wits Anglo American Digital Dome.2015 与 2016 年的“学费必须下降”抗议使教学间歇中断数周，2018 年后局势回稳，2022 年金山大学庆祝建校百年，百年筹款运动募得 42 亿兰特，含校友纳蒂·克尔施捐出的 1.5 亿兰特“夹心层”学生基金、克里斯·西布鲁克音乐厅以及 Anglo American 数字穹顶的启用。

Academics

• The university consists of five faculties, Commerce Law and Management, Engineering and the Built Environment, Health Sciences, Humanities and Science, comprising 33 schools in total.全校由五个学院组成，即商业法律与管理学院、工程与建成环境学院、健康科学学院、人文学院与理学院，共辖 33 个学系。

• Wits had an enrolment of 41,702 students in 2025, of which about 61 percent, or 25,835, were undergraduates and 39 percent, or 15,867, were postgraduate or occasional students, with roughly 20 percent living in the university's 17 residences.2025 年金山大学有 41,702 名在校生，其中约 61% 即 25,835 人为本科生、39% 即 15,867 人为研究生或旁听生，约 20% 住在学校 17 座宿舍中。

• The university receives about 140,000 applications a year but accepts only around 6,300 students, giving an acceptance rate of approximately 4.5 percent, and admits on merit and academic excellence while working to widen access to higher education.该校每年收到约 140,000 份申请却仅录取约 6,300 人，录取率约 4.5%，以成绩与学术卓越为准录取，同时尽力扩大高等教育的可及性。

• The student body reflects the country's demographics, with about 75 percent Black African students, underscoring Wits's role as an open institution that has admitted students of every race since its founding.学生构成折射南非全国人口结构，约 75% 为黑人学生，凸显金山大学自创校即向所有种族敞开大门的开放大学角色。

• The Wits Library Service runs two main libraries, the Wartenweiler and William Cullen libraries on East Campus, together with 12 branch libraries across the university.金山大学图书馆系统运营东校区的瓦尔滕韦勒图书馆与威廉·卡伦图书馆两座主馆，并下设 12 个分馆。

• The Wartenweiler Library primarily serves the Faculty of Humanities and houses Library Administration, Library Computer Services, Technical Services, the Short Loan and Reference collections, Inter-library Loans, the Multimedia Library, the Education and Training department and an Electronic Classroom.瓦尔滕韦勒图书馆主要服务人文学院，内设图书馆行政、计算机服务、技术服务、短期借阅与参考馆藏、馆际互借、多媒体图书馆、教育培训部门以及电子教室。

• The William Cullen Library holds the Africana collection specialising in social, political and economic history, the Early and Fine Printed Books collection including Incunabula printed before 1501, and government publications and journals in the arts, humanities and social sciences.威廉·卡伦图书馆藏有专攻社会、政治与经济历史的非洲文献库，以及含 1501 年以前刊本的早期与珍本印刷书籍库，另收藏政府出版物与人文社科期刊。

• The Faculty of Health Sciences houses the Wits Medical School and the Philip V. Tobias Building on the Parktown campus and is linked to the Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, described as South Africa's only private teaching hospital.健康科学学院设于帕克顿校区，辖金山大学医学院与菲利普·V·托拜厄斯楼，并与被称作南非唯一私立教学医院的金山唐纳德·戈登医学中心相连。

• The Wits Business School on the Wits Management Campus is triple accredited and, together with the Graduate School of Business opened in Parktown in 1968, forms the core of the Faculty of Commerce Law and Management.位于金山管理校区的金山商学院获三重认证，与 1968 年在帕克顿创办的工商学院研究生院共同构成商业法律与管理学院的核心。

• The Wits School of Education, housed in the Faculty of Humanities, absorbed the Johannesburg College of Education when it joined the university in 2001.隶属人文学院的金山教育学院，源自 2001 年并入学校的约翰内斯堡教育学院。

• The Wits Rural Campus in Mpumalanga conducts longitudinal research in science, health and socio-economic fields whose data can be compared with urban settings.姆普马兰加的金山乡村校区开展科学、健康与社会经济领域的纵向研究，其数据可与城市环境相互比较。

• Its science capacity is anchored by facilities such as the Tandem Accelerator, opened in the 1970s as the first and still the only nuclear facility at a South African university.其理科实力有建于 1970 年代的串列加速器支撑，它是南非大学首座也是至今唯一的核设施。

• The Evolutionary Studies Institute within the Faculty of Science leads excavations at the Cradle of Humankind, where Professor Lee Berger discovered Australopithecus sediba in 2010 and Homo naledi in 2015.理学院旗下的进化研究所主导人类摇篮遗址的发掘，李·伯杰教授 2010 年在此发现南方古猿塞迪巴种，2015 年发现纳莱迪人。

• The Wits Institute of Social and Economic Research, known as WiSER and founded in 2001 by Deborah Posel, hosts interdisciplinary humanities and social-science scholarship.金山社会经济研究所（简称 WiSER）由德博拉·波泽尔于 2001 年创立，开展跨学科的人文与社科研究。

• The Wits Centre for Diversity Studies, established in 2014 in the Faculty of Humanities, builds capacity through interdisciplinary postgraduate education and research to meet the challenges of diverse societies in post-apartheid South Africa.2014 年设于人文学院的金山多元文化研究中心，以跨学科的研究生教育与研究培育应对后种族隔离南非多元社会挑战的能力。

• The Wits School of Arts runs the Wits Theatre performing-arts complex and the Chris Seabrooke Music Hall opened in 2022, taking over productions once staged in a former convent building on campus known as the Nunnery.金山艺术学院运营 Wits 剧院演艺中心与 2022 年开放的克里斯·西布鲁克音乐厅，承接过去在校内旧修道院建筑“尼纳里”上演的剧目。

Campus

• Wits spans 480 hectares and is divided into five academic campuses, with the administration based on the Braamfontein East Campus, bordered by Empire Road, Jan Smuts Avenue, Jorissen Street, Enoch Sontonga Road and Annet Road.金山大学占地 480 公顷，分为五个学术校区，行政中枢设在布拉姆方丹东校区，四周边界为帝国路、扬·史末资大道、约里森街、恩诺赫·松通加路与安内特路。

• The East and West campuses form effectively a single site split by the De Villiers Graaff Motorway and joined by the brick-paved Sibanye-Stillwater Bridge, with historic East Campus home to Science and Humanities and West Campus to Engineering and the Built Environment and Commerce Law and Management.东、西两校区实为一处被德维利耶·赫拉夫高速公路分割的园区，由砖铺的萨班尼-斯蒂尔沃特桥相连，历史悠久的东校区是理学院与人文学院所在地，西校区则容纳工程与建成环境学院以及商业法律与管理学院。

• East Campus holds Solomon Mahlangu House, where the university's Council, Senate and management meet, and four residences, Men's Res, Sunnyside, International House and Jubilee Hall.东校区设有校董会、参议院与行政会议驻所的所罗门·马朗古大楼，另有男生宿舍、桑尼赛德、国际会馆与银禧会堂四座宿舍。

• West Campus is home to the female David Webster Hall and the mixed Barnato Hall and West Campus Village.西校区设有女生宿舍大卫·韦伯斯特楼，以及男女混合的巴纳托楼与西校区村舍。

• Three further academic campuses lie in Parktown: the Wits Education Campus with its Highfield women's residences Girton, Medhurst and Reith Hall, the Faculty of Health Sciences across York Road, and the Wits Management Campus across Victoria Avenue with the Ernest Oppenheimer Hall and Parktown Village residences.另有三座学术校区位于帕克顿：附设高弗女子宿舍群（格顿、梅德赫斯特、赖斯楼）的金山教育校区、约克路对面的健康科学学院，以及维多利亚大道对面、含欧内斯特·奥本海默楼与帕克顿村舍的金山管理校区。

• Additional mixed-gender residences in Braamfontein include Graduate Lodge, Campus Lodge, South Court, Noswal Hall and the Braamfontein Centre, alongside the mixed Wits Junction and the male Knockando Halls on the grounds of the Northwards mansion in Parktown.布拉姆方丹的其他男女混合宿舍包括研究生公寓、校园公寓、南庭、诺斯沃尔楼与布拉姆方丹中心，另有男女混合的金山路口宿舍，以及设于帕克顿名为北沃兹豪宅旧址的男生宿舍诺克堂多馆。

• In 2016 the Tshimologong Digital Innovation Precinct was opened in Braamfontein, extending Wits's footprint into the city's technology district.2016 年，提莫洛贡数字创新园区在布拉姆方丹启用，把金山大学的影响延伸入城市科技区。

• All of the university's national heritage sites and objects lie on East Campus, including the Great Hall on the facade of the Robert Sobukwe Building, formerly Central Block, and the Dias Cross in the William Cullen Library, both provincial heritage sites since the National Monuments Council was replaced on 1 April 2000 under the National Heritage Resources Act.学校全部国家遗产遗址与文物均位于东校区，包括建在罗伯特·索布奎楼（原中央楼）立面上的大礼堂与威廉·卡伦图书馆内的迪亚斯十字，二者在 2000 年 4 月 1 日国家纪念碑委员会依《国家遗产资源法》改制后成为省级遗产遗址。

Reputation

• Wits is ranked 302nd in the 2027 QS World University Rankings.金山大学在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列第 302。

• In the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings it sits in the 301-325 band, and in the U.S. News Best Global Universities ranking for 2026-2027 it is placed 240th in the world.在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中该校处于 301-325 区间，在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中列世界第 240。

• In the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities, the Shanghai Ranking published by Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Wits falls in the 301-400 band.在上海交通大学发布的 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名中，金山大学处于 301-400 区间。

• In July 2026 the Center for World University Rankings placed Wits first in South Africa and 200th in the world, and the 2025 Global Innovation Index recognised it as the top-ranked university in sub-Saharan Africa for innovation performance.2026 年 7 月世界大学排名中心将金山大学列为南非第一、全球第 200，2025 年全球创新指数亦认定其为撒哈拉以南非洲创新表现最佳的大学。

• Earlier tables put Wits in the 201-300 global band and second nationally in the 2019 ARWU, 254th globally in the 2019 and 2020 CWUR, second in Africa and 197th globally in the 2019 US News Best Global Universities, and 194th in the 2020 Times Higher Education World University Rankings.更早榜单上，金山大学在 2019 年软科排名中位列全球 201-300 且全国第二，2019 至 2020 年 CWUR 列全球第 254，2019 年 US News 排名列非洲第二、全球第 197，2020 年泰晤士排名列第 194。

• Its Wits Business School was ranked sixth among business schools in Africa and the Middle East in the 2010 QS Global 200 Business Schools Report, and its MBA programme has been named the best in South Africa by the Financial Mail for six successive years.金山商学院在 2010 年 QS 全球 200 商学院榜中位列非洲与中东第六，其工商管理硕士项目连续六年被《金融邮报》评为南非最佳。

• According to OpenAlex the university has produced 103,477 research works attracting 5,920,313 citations, one of the largest scholarly outputs on the African continent.据 OpenAlex 统计，该校已产出 103,477 项研究成果、累计被引用 5,920,313 次，学术产出量位居非洲大陆前列。

• Wits can claim four Nobel laureates among its community, the chemist Aaron Klug of 1982, the literature laureate Nadine Gordimer of 1991, the medical scientist Sydney Brenner of 2002 and the peace laureate Nelson Mandela of 1993.金山大学共有四位诺贝尔奖得主，即 1982 年化学奖得主阿龙·克卢格、1991 年文学奖得主纳丁·戈迪默、2002 年生理学或医学奖得主西德尼·布伦纳，以及 1993 年和平奖得主纳尔逊·曼德拉。

• Its Cradle of Humankind holdings, the Sterkfontein and Swartkrans fossil sites declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1999, and its nine museums give the university a standing that reaches well beyond the ranking tables.该校的人类摇篮遗产，即 1999 年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的斯特克方丹与斯瓦特克朗斯化石遗址，连同九座博物馆，使其地位远超各类排行榜。

Student life

• The university's motto, Scientia et Labore, meaning Through Knowledge and Work in Latin, appears below its coat of arms, whose open book on a cogwheel represents knowledge and industry.校训“Scientia et Labore”意为拉丁语“凭知识与劳动”，置于校徽之下，校徽上齿轮托起翻开之书象征知识与工业。

• The head of a kudu, an antelope typical of the Witwatersrand, surmounts the shield as the university's mascot, while gold above and silver wavy bars below represent the Witwatersrand goldfields and the Vaal and Limpopo rivers.盾徽上方饰以威特沃特斯兰德常见的捻角羚头像作为学校吉祥物，盾上金色与下方银色波纹分别代表威特沃特斯兰德金矿以及瓦勒河与林波波河。

• The coat of arms, designed by Professor G. E. Pearse and corrected heraldically by Professor W. D. Howie, was accepted by the State Herald of South Africa in 1972 and evolved from the badge of the South African School of Mines, which bore a prospector's pick and a sledgehammer and the same motto.校徽由 G. E. 皮尔斯教授设计、W. D. 豪伊教授校订纹章错误，1972 年获南非国家纹章官认可，它源自南非矿业学校的徽章，后者绘有探矿镐与大锤并使用相同校训。

• About 20 percent of the roughly 41,700 students live on campus in the university's 17 residences, continuing the Hofmeyr tradition of an open university that admits students of every race and background.约 41,700 名学生中约 20% 住在学校 17 座宿舍内，延续了霍夫梅尔时代这所接纳各族各背景学生的开放大学传统。

• For students and the public the Wits Origins Centre, opened in 2006, and the Wits Art Museum, home to more than 12,000 works of African art, anchor campus cultural life alongside the Wits Theatre.面向学生与公众的金山起源中心（2006 年开放）与藏有逾 12,000 件非洲艺术品的金山艺术博物馆，与 Wits 剧院共同支撑校园文化生活。

• Once home to the Johannesburg Planetarium, the first full-sized planetarium in Africa and the second in the southern hemisphere, which opened on 12 October 1960 and marked its golden jubilee in 2010 before being reborn as the Wits Anglo American Digital Dome in February 2025.校园曾拥有约翰内斯堡天文馆，它是非洲首座全尺寸天文馆、南半球第二座，1960 年 10 月 12 日开放并于 2010 年庆祝五十周年，2025 年 2 月以 Anglo American 数字穹顶之身重新开放。

• The Paul Loewenstein Collection of rock art and the study of Jan Smuts in Jan Smuts House are heritage objects kept on East Campus, and the university houses nine museums, among them the Adler Museum of Medicine, the Hunterian Museum and the Gynaecological Museum.东校区保存有保罗·勒文斯坦岩石艺术收藏以及扬·史末资在史末资楼的书房两件遗产文物，校内共设九座博物馆，其中包括阿德勒医学博物馆、亨特利安博物馆与妇科博物馆。

• From 2018 onwards stability returned to campus life and the university again ranked first or second on the continent, ending the Fees Must Fall disruptions of 2015 and 2016.2018 年后校园生活重归稳定，学校再次跻身非洲大陆排名前一二位，为 2015 与 2016 年的“学费必须下降”动荡画上句号。

Notable people

• Jan Hofmeyr was the first Principal of the University of the Witwatersrand and Prince Arthur of Connaught its first Chancellor, the founding leadership that gave Wits its university status in 1922.杨·霍夫梅尔是威特沃特斯兰德大学首任校长，康诺特亲王亚瑟是首任名誉校长，正是这所开创期领导层使金山大学在 1922 年取得大学地位。

• Zeblon Vilakazi, a nuclear physicist, is the current vice-chancellor and principal and is set to lead Wits until 2030, while Judy Dlamini, who champions the female Academic Leadership Fellows Programme, serves as chancellor.核物理学家泽布隆·维拉卡齐现任副校长兼校长，将领导金山大学至 2030 年；力推女性学术领袖研究员计划（Academic Leadership Fellows Programme）的朱迪·德拉米尼出任名誉校长。

• Nelson Mandela, the anti-apartheid leader who became President of South Africa and received the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize, studied law at Wits.纳尔逊·曼德拉是反种族隔离领袖、南非总统、1993 年诺贝尔和平奖得主，曾在金山大学攻读法律。

• Aaron Klug won the 1982 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nadine Gordimer the 1991 Nobel Prize in Literature and Sydney Brenner the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, the three further Nobel laureates emanating from Wits.阿龙·克卢格获 1982 年诺贝尔化学奖，纳丁·戈迪默获 1991 年诺贝尔文学奖，西德尼·布伦纳获 2002 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，三人是金山大学走出的另外三位诺贝尔奖得主。

• Business figures linked to the university include the mining magnate and donor Natie Kirsh, whose 150 million rand endowment funds missing-middle students, and the Oppenheimer family, remembered in the Ernest Oppenheimer Hall of Residence and the Oppenheimer Life Sciences Museum.与学校相关的商界人物包括矿业巨擘、捐赠人纳蒂·克尔施，其 1.5 亿兰特基金资助“夹心层”学生，以及奥本海默家族，欧内斯特·奥本海默宿舍与奥本海默生命科学博物馆即纪念该家族。

• Lee Berger, a paleoanthropologist of the Evolutionary Studies Institute, announced Australopithecus sediba in 2010 and Homo naledi in 2015, while Ron Clarke excavated the hominid skeleton Little Foot at the Sterkfontein Caves.进化研究所的古人类学家李·伯杰于 2010 年公布南方古猿“塞迪巴”种，2015 年公布纳莱迪人，罗恩·克拉尔克则在斯特克方丹洞穴发掘出古人类骨架小脚猿人。

• Thabo Mbeki, former President of South Africa, opened the Wits Origins Centre in 2006, and Robert Sobukwe, founder of the Pan Africanist Congress, is honoured in the name of the building formerly called Central Block.南非前总统塔博·姆贝基于 2006 年为金山起源中心揭幕，泛非洲大会议创始人罗伯特·索布奎则以其名命名了原中央楼所在的建筑。

• Scholars and professionals include Deborah Posel, who founded WiSER in 2001, Colin Bundy, vice-chancellor through the Wits 2001 reforms, and Philip V. Tobias, the anatomist commemorated in the Faculty of Health Sciences administration building.学术与专业界人士包括 2001 年创办 WiSER 的德博拉·波泽尔、主导“Wits 2001”改革的副校长科林·邦迪，以及以命名健康科学学院行政楼纪念的解剖学家菲利普·V·托拜厄斯。

• A Chinese-language search for the university leads to the entry known in Chinese as Jīnshān Daxue, reflecting Wits's recognition as the top-ranked South African university in the 2026 CWUR standing, though the source text records no individual ethnic-Chinese alumnus, and no such person is claimed here.中文检索以“金山大学”指向该校，反映出金山大学在 2026 年 CWUR 排名中的南非第一地位，惟源文本未载任何华裔个人校友，故此处不作此类声称。

• Notable Witsies also include the writer and activist community behind the Open Universities tradition and the generations of black leaders who graduated despite the 1959 Extension of University Education Act's restrictions.金山大学的知名人物还包括支撑“开放大学”传统的作家与行动者群体，以及在 1959 年《大学教育延伸法》限制之下仍陆续毕业的一代代黑人领袖。