University of the Punjab

The University of the Punjab, commonly abbreviated as PU, is a public research university in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, founded in 1882 and one of the first universities created by the British government in the Indian subcontinent.旁遮普大学（乌尔都语：یونیورسٹی آف پنجاب，简称 PU）是巴基斯坦旁遮普省拉合尔的一所公立研究型大学，创办于 1882 年，是英国政府在印度次大陆最早创办的大学之一。

It offers programmes across nineteen faculties with 138 departments, research centres and institutes, and it is the largest and oldest seat of higher learning in Pakistan, and the first such university established in the subcontinent in a Muslim-majority area.该校在 19 个学院、138 个系、研究中心与研究所中开设课程，是巴基斯坦规模最大、历史最悠久的高等学府，也是次大陆穆斯林人口占多数地区最早创办的大学。

In the QS World University Rankings 2027 the University of the Punjab is placed 588th in the world, and it reports more than 50,000 on-campus students and over 1,300 full-time faculty members.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，旁遮普大学位列全球第 588 位；该校报告称校园在校学生逾 50,000 人，全职教师超过 1,300 人。

History

• The University of the Punjab was given its initial impetus in 1854 by Wood's Despatch, a British policy document that reshaped education in India and laid the ground for western-style higher education in the subcontinent.旁遮普大学最初源于 1854 年的《伍德教育文告》（Wood's Despatch），这份英国政策文件重塑了印度的教育格局，并为次大陆的西式高等教育奠定基础。
• On 1 January 1864 Government College, Lahore, now Government College University, Lahore, was established, and the Lieutenant Governor of Punjab appointed Gottlieb Wilhelm Leitner as principal.1864 年 1 月 1 日，拉合尔官立学院（即今拉合尔官立学院大学）成立，旁遮普副总督任命戈特利布·威廉·莱特纳为校长。
• On 12 March 1868 a resolution was adopted at a public meeting in Lahore to establish the University of the Punjab in that city.1868 年 3 月 12 日，拉合尔的一次公众集会通过决议，决定在该市创办旁遮普大学。
• On 8 December 1869 Punjab University College was established in Lahore as the institutional predecessor of the university.1869 年 12 月 8 日，旁遮普大学学院在拉合尔成立，成为这所大学的机构前身。
• The founding colleges of that 1869 college were Punjab University Law College and the Oriental College, still among the oldest departments and constituent colleges of the university.这所 1869 年学院的两个创始学院是旁遮普大学法学院与东方学院，至今仍属该校最古老的系与组成学院。
• The Oriental College, the first avatar of the university, traces its establishment to 1870.东方学院是这所大学最初的形态，其创办可追溯至 1870 年。
• On 14 October 1882 the University of the Punjab was formally established, with the first meeting of its Senate held that day at Shimla.1882 年 10 月 14 日，旁遮普大学正式成立，其评议会（Senate）首次会议于当日在西姆拉举行。
• Punjab University was the fourth university to be established by the British colonial authorities in British India, the earlier three having been founded elsewhere in the subcontinent.旁遮普大学是英国殖民当局在英属印度建立的第四所大学，此前三所均创于次大陆其他地区。
• Government College University, Lahore, was made part of the University of the Punjab and served as an affiliated institution until it became a separate university in 2002.拉合尔官立学院大学曾被纳入旁遮普大学作为附属机构，直至 2002 年成为独立大学。
• Prof. Arthur Compton, who discovered the Compton effect, served as an appointed lecturer at the university and received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1927.发现康普顿效应的阿瑟·康普顿教授曾在该校任特聘讲师，并于 1927 年获得诺贝尔物理学奖。
• The Institute of Administrative Sciences was created at the university in 1962, expanding its teaching in public administration and management.1962 年，该校成立行政科学研究所，拓展了其在公共行政与管理领域的教学。
• After the partition of India in 1947 the fate of the university was debated by the Punjab Partition Committee, with representatives from East Punjab advocating a division of the institution.1947 年印度分治后，旁遮普分治委员会曾讨论这所大学的归属，东旁遮普的代表主张将学校拆分。
• The Senate of the university voted to split the institution, and although the matter reached the central Partition Council, no decision was reached.该校评议会表决同意拆分，此事虽提交中央分治委员会，却始终未获裁决。
• The government of East Punjab was compelled to establish a new university, which eventually became Panjab University in Chandigarh, now in India.东旁遮普政府不得不另建一所大学，最终形成今位于印度昌迪加尔的旁贾布大学（Panjab University）。
• Many major institutions that were previously affiliated to the university became independent universities, including Government College University, Lahore and the Medical and Engineering Colleges.许多原先附属该校的重要机构后来成为独立大学，包括拉合尔官立学院大学以及医学与工程学院。
• The Jhelum Campus of the university was opened in 2012, offering studies relating to commerce, economics, management sciences, law and computer science.该校的杰赫勒姆校区于 2012 年启用，开设商业、经济学、管理科学、法学与计算机科学相关课程。
• The Pothohar Campus at Gujar Khan began classes in 2023 in a rented building while its permanent campus is under construction on about 800 kanals of land.位于古贾尔汗的波托哈尔校区于 2023 年在租用建筑中开课，而其永久校区正在约 800 坎纳尔的土地上建设。
• Over the decades the university expanded its faculties and constituent colleges, growing from a colonial examining body into Pakistan's largest teaching university.数十年来，该校不断扩展学院与组成学院，从殖民地时期的考试机构发展为巴基斯坦最大的教学型大学。
• In 2012 the Higher Education Commission ranked the University of the Punjab first among large-sized multiple-faculty universities in Pakistan, confirming its position as the country's largest teaching university.2012 年，巴基斯坦高等教育委员会将旁遮普大学评为该国大型多学院综合性大学中的第一名，确认其作为该国最大教学型大学的地位。
• The university is a member of the Association of Commonwealth Universities in the United Kingdom, linking it to a network of Commonwealth institutions.该校是英国英联邦大学协会的成员，由此与英联邦院校网络相连。
• Today the university is led by Vice-Chancellor Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ali, whose stated mission is to raise the productivity of graduates through quality education and practical knowledge.如今该校由校长穆罕默德·阿里教授领导，他提出的使命是通过优质教育与实用知识提升毕业生的生产力。

Academics

• The University of the Punjab is organised into nineteen faculties with 138 departments, research centres and institutes, ten constituent colleges and campuses across the province.旁遮普大学设有 19 个学院、138 个系、研究中心与研究所、10 个组成学院，并在全省设有多处校区。
• Its faculties cover the arts and humanities, agriculture, geo-sciences, information and media studies, behavioural and social sciences, commerce, law, economics and management sciences, and education.其学院涵盖人文与艺术、农业、地球科学、信息与媒体研究、行为与社会科学、商业、法学、经济与管理科学以及教育学。
• Further faculties cover engineering and technology, health sciences, Islamic studies, life sciences, oriental learning, pharmacy, science, and quality and industrial systems engineering.其他学院涵盖工程与技术、健康科学、伊斯兰研究、生命科学、东方学、药学、理学，以及质量与工业系统工程。
• The university reported more than 50,000 on-campus students, including over 42,700 BS Honours students, more than 5,800 M.Phil. students and over 1,500 PhD students.该校报告在校学生超过 50,000 人，其中包括 42,700 多名本科荣誉学位学生、5,800 多名哲学硕士学生与 1,500 多名博士生。
• It employs 991 full-time or regular faculty members and 300 part-time faculty members, with over 6,000 non-teaching and supporting staff in teaching and research.该校聘用 991 名全职或固定教师与 300 名兼职教师，并有超过 6,000 名非教学与辅助人员参与教学与科研。
• The university's degree programmes include more than 220 undergraduate programmes, over 108 M.Phil. programmes and more than 73 PhD programmes.该校的学位项目包括 220 多个本科项目、108 个以上的哲学硕士项目与 73 个以上的博士项目。
• Its ten constituent colleges include the Punjab University Law College, the University College of Pharmacy, the Punjab University College of Information Technology and the College of Art and Design.其十个组成学院包括旁遮普大学法学院、大学药学院、旁遮普大学信息技术学院与艺术设计学院。
• The Hailey College of Commerce and the Hailey College of Banking and Finance are among its best-known colleges for business education.海利商学院与海利银行金融学院是该校最知名的商科教育机构之一。
• The Punjab University Law College, founded in 1868, is one of the oldest law schools in Pakistan and continues to train a large share of the country's lawyers and judges.创办于 1868 年的旁遮普大学法学院是巴基斯坦最古老的法学院之一，至今仍培养着该国相当部分的法律从业者与法官。
• The university library holds more than 500,000 books, magazines and periodicals in nine national and international languages, in print and on CD, DVD, microfilm and manuscript.该校图书馆藏有超过 500,000 册书籍、杂志与期刊，涵盖九种本国与国际语言，形式包括纸质、光盘、DVD、缩微胶卷与手稿。
• The main library occupies a two-storey building of 102,000 square feet with reading halls seating 2,500 readers and a computerised catalogue for searching materials.主图书馆位于一座 102,000 平方英尺的两层建筑内，阅览厅可容纳 2,500 名读者，并设有计算机化目录以便检索资料。
• The university runs its Centre for Excellence in Molecular Biology, whose researchers developed indigenous transgenic cotton varieties with stacked Cry1Ac, Cry2A and GTG genes.该校设有分子生物学卓越中心，其研究人员开发出带有 Cry1Ac、Cry2A 与 GTG 基因堆叠的本土转基因棉花品种。
• Its biotechnology group has developed patented technology for producing recombinant human therapeutics such as interferon, peg-interferon and filgrastim for hepatitis and cancer treatment.其生物技术团队开发出用于生产干扰素、聚乙二醇干扰素与非格司亭等重组人源治疗蛋白的专利技术，用于肝炎与癌症治疗。
• The university's archaeology department reported the discovery of a 3.3-million-year-old elephant tusk and evidence of Buddhist narrative art in terracotta from the old Jhelum riverbed.该校考古系报告称，在杰赫勒姆旧河床发现了距今约 330 万年的象门齿，以及佛教叙事艺术陶塑的证据。
• Admission is competitive, and the university offers morning, evening and diploma programmes across its campuses and its large network of affiliated colleges.该校招生竞争激烈，在各地校区及其庞大的附属学院网络中开设日间、夜间与文凭课程。
• The university reported 401 academic programmes and 28 hostels across ten campuses in its current institutional statistics, ranging across the arts, sciences, engineering, medicine and business.在当前的机构统计中，该校报告开设 401 个学术项目，并在十个校区设有 28 座宿舍，涵盖文理、科学、工程、医学与商学等门类。
• Research activity spans agriculture, biotechnology, materials and environmental science, supported by institutes such as the Institute of Business Administration and the Institute of Administrative Sciences.其科研活动横跨农业、生物技术、材料与环境科学，并由工商管理研究所与行政科学研究所等机构支撑。
• The university's institutes include the Institute of Business Administration, the Institute of Administrative Sciences, the Institute of Applied Psychology and the Institute of Information Management, which support teaching and research.该校的研究所包括工商管理研究所、行政科学研究所、应用心理学研究所与信息管理研究所，为其教学与科研提供支撑。

Campus

• The University of the Punjab is divided into campuses across Punjab, with a summer campus in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and, in its own account, ten campuses in total, centred on the two main campuses in Lahore.旁遮普大学在旁遮普省各地设有校区，并在开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省设有一处夏季校区，按其自述共计十个校区，以拉合尔的两处主要校区为核心。
• The Allama Iqbal Campus, also called the old campus, lies in the centre of Lahore on the Mall Road and is named after the South Asian thinker and poet Muhammad Iqbal.阿拉玛·伊克巴尔校区又称旧校区，位于拉合尔市中心的购物中心路，以南亚思想家与诗人穆罕默德·伊克巴尔命名。
• The Allama Iqbal Campus has Indo-Islamic architecture and houses the College of Art and Design, the information technology college, the pharmacy college and the historic Oriental College.阿拉玛·伊克巴尔校区为印度-伊斯兰风格建筑，设有艺术设计学院、信息技术学院、药学院与历史悠久的东方学院。
• The Quaid-i-Azam Campus, also called the new campus, is named after the founder of Pakistan and spreads over about 1,800 acres of landscaped grounds, making it one of the largest university campuses in the country.奎德-阿扎姆校区又称新校区，以巴基斯坦国父命名，占地约 1,800 英亩，是巴基斯坦校园面积最大的大学之一。
• The Quaid-i-Azam Campus was designed by the Greek architect A.C. Doxiadis, who also planned Islamabad, and a canal divides its academic blocks from the student lodgings.奎德-阿扎姆校区由亦曾规划伊斯兰堡的希腊建筑师 A.C. 多克西亚迪斯设计，一条运河将教学区与学生宿舍分隔开来。
• The Quaid-i-Azam Campus is the centre of the university's academic and administrative activities and lies about 12 kilometres south of the Allama Iqbal Campus.奎德-阿扎姆校区是该校教学与行政活动的中心，位于阿拉玛·伊克巴尔校区以南约 12 公里处。
• The Gujranwala Campus conducts teaching in commerce, economics and management sciences, banking and finance, law, English and information technology.古杰兰瓦拉校区开展商业、经济学与管理科学、银行与金融、法学、英语以及信息技术的教学。
• The Khanaspur Campus, the university's summer campus, lies at a height of about 7,000 feet in the Himalayan range near Ayubia and is used for research and recreation.汗纳普尔校区是该校的夏季校区，位于阿尤比亚附近喜马拉雅山脉海拔约 7,000 英尺处，兼作研究与休闲之用。
• The Jhelum Campus opened in 2012 and offers studies in commerce, economics and management sciences, law and computer science.杰赫勒姆校区于 2012 年启用，开设商业、经济学与管理科学、法学以及计算机科学课程。
• The Pothohar Campus at Gujar Khan began classes in 2023 in rented premises, while its permanent campus is being built on approximately 800 kanals, about 100 acres, of land.位于古贾尔汗的波托哈尔校区于 2023 年在租用场所开课，其永久校区正建在约 800 坎纳尔（约 100 英亩）的土地上。
• The Allama Iqbal Campus houses the Senate, the Syndicate, the Selection Board and the Advanced Studies and Research Board, where the university's governing bodies generally meet.阿拉玛·伊克巴尔校区设有评议会、理事会、遴选委员会与高级研究与进修委员会，该校的治理机构通常在此集会。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 the University of the Punjab is placed 588th in the world, the position it cites in its current institutional profile.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，旁遮普大学位列全球第 588 位，这是其当前机构简介所采用的位次。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 place the University of the Punjab in the 801-1000 band globally, reflecting its standing among the leading universities of Pakistan.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名把旁遮普大学列入全球 801 至 1000 区间，体现其在巴基斯坦领先高校中的地位。
• In the U.S. News Best Global Universities edition of 2026-2027 the University of the Punjab is ranked 762nd in the world.在 2026 至 2027 年版美国新闻最佳全球大学排名中，旁遮普大学位列世界第 762 位。^[1]
• The Academic Ranking of World Universities 2026 places the University of the Punjab in the 801-900 band worldwide.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名把旁遮普大学列入全球 801 至 900 区间。
• In the QS World University Rankings 2025 the university was ranked 542nd internationally and 2nd nationally, and 18th among Asian universities in the QS Asia ranking.在 2025 年 QS 世界大学排名中，该校位列国际第 542、国内第 2，并在 QS 亚洲排名中位列亚洲高校第 18 位。
• The university reports that it is ranked number one nationally in Social Sciences, Education and Psychology, fields in which its faculties and institutes are widely recognised.该校报告称，其在社会科学、教育学与心理学领域位列巴基斯坦全国第一，这些领域正是其学院与研究所广受认可之处。
• In 2012 the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan ranked the University of the Punjab first among large-sized multiple-faculty universities in the country.2012 年，巴基斯坦高等教育委员会将旁遮普大学列为该国大型多学院综合性大学中的第一名。
• Two Nobel laureates are counted among the university's alumni and former staff, and Prof. Arthur Compton, a former lecturer, won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1927.该校校友与前教职员中共有两位诺贝尔奖得主，曾任讲师的阿瑟·康普顿亦于 1927 年获得诺贝尔物理学奖。
• OpenAlex attributes 38,077 research works and 1,160,657 citations to the University of the Punjab, reflecting a broad research footprint across plant sciences, molecular biology, chemistry, physics and the social sciences.OpenAlex 为旁遮普大学收录 38,077 篇研究成果、被引 1,160,657 次，体现其在植物科学、分子生物学、化学、物理学与社会科学领域的广泛科研足迹。

Student life

• The University of the Punjab has no formal Latin motto, and its identity is carried by its 1882 founding and its mission of providing quality education for graduates who are sensitive, tolerant and humane, developing scientific, socio-cultural and economic leadership.旁遮普大学没有正式的拉丁文校训，其身份认同依托于 1882 年创校的历史，以及培养敏感、包容而富有人文精神的毕业生、造就科学与社会经济领导人才的办学使命。
• The university maintains 28 hostels across its ten campuses, accommodating a large body of on-campus and out-of-town students.该校在十个校区设有 28 座宿舍，容纳了大量住校与外地学生。
• The Allama Iqbal Campus on the Mall Road places students at the heart of Lahore, close to the city's historic and cultural life.位于购物中心路的阿拉玛·伊克巴尔校区把学生置于拉合尔市中心，紧邻这座城市的历史与文化脉络。
• The Quaid-i-Azam Campus, spread over about 1,800 acres, provides a large residential and recreational setting divided by a canal from the academic blocks.占地约 1,800 英亩的奎德-阿扎姆校区提供了广阔的住宿与休闲环境，其住宿区与教学区被一条运河分隔。
• The summer campus at Khanaspur, at about 7,000 feet in the Himalayan range, is used as a recreational centre for faculty and students as well as for research facilities.位于喜马拉雅山脉海拔约 7,000 英尺处的汗纳普尔夏季校区，既为师生提供休闲中心，也提供研究设施。
• The library, with reading halls seating 2,500 readers and holdings of more than 500,000 items, serves as a hub of student academic life.图书馆设有可容纳 2,500 名读者的阅览厅，藏书超过 500,000 件，是学生学术生活的枢纽。
• The university's large network of 513 affiliated colleges connects its academic standards to institutions across Punjab and beyond.该校遍布各地的 513 所附属学院网络，把其学术标准与旁遮普省内外的机构连接起来。
• Campus life at the Gujranwala and Jhelum campuses is supported by short courses and the e-Rozgar programme facilitated by the Punjab Information Technology Board.古杰兰瓦拉与杰赫勒姆校区的校园生活由短期课程与旁遮普信息技术委员会支持的 e-Rozgar 项目提供助力。
• Across its campuses the university supports scientific, socio-cultural and economic leadership through learner-centred teaching, research and co-curricular activity.该校在各校区通过以学习者为中心的教学、科研与课外活动，培养科学、社会文化与经济领域的领导人才。

Notable people

• Gottlieb Wilhelm Leitner, the British Orientalist appointed principal of Government College, Lahore, in 1864, was a founding figure in the university's early development and helped shape its first colleges.1864 年被任命为拉合尔官立学院校长的英国东方学家戈特利布·威廉·莱特纳，是该早期发展的奠基人物之一，并参与塑造了学校最早的几所学院。
• Abdus Salam, Pakistan's first Nobel laureate in science, won the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics and is counted among the university's alumni.巴基斯坦首位科学类诺贝尔奖得主阿卜杜斯·萨拉姆获得 1979 年诺贝尔物理学奖，位列该校校友之中。
• Har Gobind Khorana won the 1968 Nobel Prize in Medicine for his work on the genetic code and is also an alumnus of the university.因遗传密码研究获得 1968 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的哈尔·戈宾德·霍拉纳也是该校校友。
• Prof. Arthur Holly Compton, a former faculty member and appointed lecturer at the university, won the 1927 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the Compton effect.曾任该校教职与特聘讲师的阿瑟·霍利·康普顿，因发现康普顿效应而获得 1927 年诺贝尔物理学奖。
• Muhammad Iqbal, the Urdu poet, philosopher and politician, studied and taught at the university and is commemorated in the name of its Allama Iqbal Campus.乌尔都语诗人、哲学家与政治家穆罕默德·伊克巴尔曾在该校求学与任教，其名字被用来命名该校的阿拉玛·伊克巴尔校区。
• Choudhry Rahmat Ali, a founder of the Pakistan Movement who coined the name Pakistan, was a graduate of the university.巴基斯坦运动发起人之一、提出「巴基斯坦」国名的乔杜里·拉赫马特·阿里是该校毕业生。
• Yousaf Raza Gillani, the 18th Prime Minister of Pakistan, is an alumnus of the university.巴基斯坦第 18 任总理优素福·拉扎·吉拉尼是该校校友。
• Inder Kumar Gujral, the 12th Prime Minister of India, also studied at the University of the Punjab.印度第 12 任总理因德尔·库马尔·古杰拉尔也曾在旁遮普大学就读。
• Asma Jahangir, the human rights activist and lawyer who co-founded the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, was an alumna of the university.人权活动家与律师、巴基斯坦人权委员会共同创办人阿斯玛·贾汉吉尔是该校校友。
• Mian Saqib Nisar, the 25th Chief Justice of Pakistan, and Jawwad S. Khawaja, the 23rd Chief Justice of Pakistan, are counted among its alumni.巴基斯坦第 25 任首席大法官米安·萨基卜·尼萨尔与第 23 任首席大法官贾瓦德·S·哈瓦贾位列该校校友之中。
• Ishfaq Ahmad, the theoretical and nuclear physicist who chaired the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission during the 1998 nuclear tests, is an alumnus of the university.在 1998 年核试验期间担任巴基斯坦原子能委员会主席的理论与核物理学家伊什法克·艾哈迈德是该校校友。
• E.M. Forster, the English novelist nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in twenty separate years, taught at the university as a faculty member.曾在二十个不同年份获诺贝尔文学奖提名的英国小说家 E.M. 福斯特曾任该校教职人员。
• Sir Ganga Ram, the Indian architect and philanthropist who designed the Lahore Museum, Aitchison College and the Hailey College of Commerce, is associated with the university as a benefactor.设计拉合尔博物馆、艾奇逊学院与海利商学院的印度建筑师与慈善家甘加·拉姆爵士，作为捐助者与该校有所关联。
• Faqir Chand Kohli, known as the father of the Indian information technology industry, and Satish Dhawan, a former chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation, are alumni of the university.被称为印度信息技术产业之父的费吉尔·钱德·科利，以及曾任印度空间研究组织主席的萨蒂什·达万，都是该校校友。