University of the Balearic Islands

The University of the Balearic Islands (Universitat de les Illes Balears, UIB) is a public university in Palma, on the island of Mallorca, and the only university in the Balearic Islands, an autonomous community of Spain.巴利亚利群岛大学（Universitat de les Illes Balears，简称 UIB）是西班牙巴利亚利群岛自治区帕尔马的一所公立大学，位于马略卡岛，也是该自治区唯一的一所大学。

Funded by the Government of the Balearic Islands, it was founded in 1978 as the University of Palma and took its present name in 1985, teaching about 13,900 students with some 900 professors.该校由巴利亚利群岛政府资助，1978 年以帕尔马大学之名创办，1985 年改用现名，现有约 1.39 万名学生与约 900 名教授。

UIB is placed in the joint 1201-1400 band of the QS World University Rankings 2027, the 1001-1200 band of the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 and 996th in the U.S. News Best Global Universities 2026-2027.该校在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列 1201-1400 并列区间，在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中位列 1001-1200 区间，并在 2026-2027 年度 U.S. News 全球大学排名中位列第 996 位。

History

• In 1483 King Ferdinand II of Aragon authorised the foundation of the Estudi General Lul·lià in Palma de Mallorca under the statute of Córdoba, a studium named after the philosopher and writer Ramon Llull.1483 年，阿拉贡国王斐迪南二世批准在帕尔马设立柳利综合学院，依据科尔多瓦章程创办，这所大学堂以哲学家与作家拉蒙·柳利命名。
• The institution, also known as the Royal and Pontifical Lulian University, pursued teaching and research and promoted the thought of Ramon Llull until it was closed in the 1830s after an intense debate between the Spanish government and Mallorcan society.这所机构又称皇家与教宗柳利大学，从事教学与研究并传播拉蒙·柳利的思想，直到 19 世纪 30 年代在西班牙政府与马略卡社会的激烈争论后被关闭。
• After the closure, Balearic students had to study at Cervera and later at Barcelona, and the islands remained without a higher-education institution for more than a century.学院关闭后，巴利亚利的学生只能前往塞尔韦拉、后来是巴塞罗那求学，群岛在一百多年间没有高等教育机构。
• In 1949 the Estudi General Lul·lià was re-established under the auspices of the University of Barcelona, initially offering philosophy and philology courses recognised by that university.1949 年，柳利综合学院在巴塞罗那大学的主持下复办，最初开设哲学与语文学课程，并由巴塞罗那大学予以承认。
• In 1972 the first modern faculties appeared, with science attached to the Autonomous University of Barcelona and philosophy and letters attached to the University of Barcelona.1972 年，首批现代学院成立，理学院隶属巴塞罗那自治大学，哲学与文学院隶属巴塞罗那大学。
• A faculty of law followed and was installed in the Sa Riera building in central Palma, completing the set of faculties that would form the new university.随后成立的法学院设在帕尔马市中心的萨列拉大楼，构成了后来新大学的学院基础。
• In 1978 these faculties were separated from their sponsoring universities and, together with the older Escuela Normal teacher-training school, formed the University of Palma.1978 年，这些学院从各自所属的大学中分离出来，与历史更久的师范学校一起组成帕尔马大学。
• Because the new university lacked space, work on a campus on the Valldemossa road, between the former estates of Ca's Jai and Son Lledó, began in 1983.由于新大学缺乏空间，1983 年在巴尔德莫萨路、原卡萨海与松列多两处庄园之间动工兴建校园。
• The choice of a rural, American-style campus was controversial, since critics argued that an urban site near the old Faculty of Science would have kept the university connected to the city.选择乡村式的美式校园引发争议，批评者认为若在旧理学院附近的城区选址，大学本可与城市保持更紧密的联系。
• In 1985 the university's statutes were approved and the name University of Palma was replaced by the current Universitat de les Illes Balears.1985 年，大学章程获得批准，帕尔马大学之名被现行的巴利亚利群岛大学取代。
• The Official School of Tourism was created in 1990, the Faculty of Education in 1992, and the Faculty of Psychology and the Higher Polytechnic School in 2000.旅游官方学院于 1990 年设立，教育学院于 1992 年设立，心理学院与高等理工学院则于 2000 年设立。
• The Mallorca campus became fully operational in 1993, when studies previously taught in central Palma were centralised on the new site, although the Sa Riera building remained in use.马略卡校园于 1993 年全面启用，原先在帕尔马市区授课的专业集中到新校区，萨列拉大楼则继续保留使用。
• Since 1996 the university has been funded by the Government of the Balearic Islands, which took over responsibility for its budget from the Spanish state.自 1996 年起，该校由巴利亚利群岛政府资助，自治区政府从西班牙国家手中接管了其预算责任。
• In the late 1990s the university opened extensions in Ibiza and in Alaior on Menorca, bringing degree teaching to the other main islands of the archipelago.20 世纪 90 年代末，该校在伊维萨岛与梅诺卡岛的阿拉约尔开设分校，把学位教育带到群岛的其他主要岛屿。
• In 2004 the Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos building opened as the home of the faculties of economics and law, the last major building added to the Palma campus.2004 年，加斯帕尔·梅尔乔·德·霍韦利亚诺斯大楼落成，成为经济学院与法学院的所在地，也是帕尔马校园最后一座主要建筑。
• Work on Palma's first metro line began in 2005, the line opened on 25 April 2007, was closed after flooding damaged its structures and reopened on 28 July 2008.帕尔马首条地铁于 2005 年动工，2007 年 4 月 25 日通车，因洪水损坏结构而停运，最终于 2008 年 7 月 28 日重新开放。
• In 2008 the university celebrated the thirtieth anniversary of its foundation, marking three decades since the faculties became an independent university.2008 年，该校举行建校三十周年庆典，纪念各学院脱离原属大学、组成独立大学以来的三十年。
• In 2009 the Government of the Balearic Islands awarded UIB the Gold Medal of the Balearic Islands in recognition of its contribution to education and research in the archipelago.2009 年，巴利亚利群岛政府向该校颁发巴利亚利群岛金质奖章，以表彰其对群岛教育与研究的贡献。
• Jaume Carot, a professor of physics, became rector in 2021 and has led the university through the expansion of its research institutes and its sustainability strategy.物理学教授豪梅·卡罗特于 2021 年出任校长，带领该校推进研究所扩张与可持续发展战略。
• In 2024 the university's Interdisciplinary Laboratory on Climate Change received the Gold Medal of the City of Palma, recognising its work on climate risks in the Balearic Islands.2024 年，该校气候变化跨学科实验室获得帕尔马市金质奖章，以表彰其对巴利亚利群岛气候风险的研究。

Academics

• UIB is organised into nine faculties and a higher polytechnic school, covering science, economics and business, law, education, medicine, nursing and physiotherapy, philosophy and arts, psychology and tourism, plus engineering and mathematics.该校设九个学院与一所高等理工学院，涵盖理学、经济与商业、法学、教育、医学、护理与理疗、哲学与人文、心理学与旅游，以及工程与数学。
• The faculties are divided into departments and subject areas, each faculty headed by a dean and each department by a director, a structure set out in the university's statutes.各学院下设系与学科领域，学院由院长领导，系由主任领导，这一结构载于大学章程。
• In 2014 the university enrolled 13,892 students, 59 per cent of them women, and employed 924 professors, with 1,189 postgraduate students and 98 doctoral candidates recorded in the same period.2014 年该校注册学生 13,892 人，其中 59% 为女性，聘有 924 名教授，同期还有 1,189 名研究生与 98 名博士生。
• Degrees range from undergraduate programmes in biology, biochemistry, physics, chemistry, law, economics, medicine, nursing, tourism and education to master's and doctoral programmes in science, health, social sciences and the humanities.学位课程从生物、生物化学、物理、化学、法学、经济、医学、护理、旅游与教育等本科专业，延伸到理学、健康、社会科学与人文学科的硕士与博士项目。
• The Faculty of Science teaches biology, biochemistry, physics, chemistry and agricultural and rural-environment engineering, and hosts research groups in marine ecology, theoretical chemistry and Mediterranean plant biology.理学院开设生物、生物化学、物理、化学以及农业与乡村环境工程，并设有海洋生态、理论化学与地中海植物生物学等研究组。
• The Faculty of Medicine trains physicians and collaborates with the Balearic health service, and its graduates placed the faculty among the fifteen Spanish medical schools with the highest success rate in the 2023-24 MIR examination.医学院培养医生并与巴利亚利卫生服务机构合作，其毕业生使该院在 2023 至 2024 年度西班牙医学住院医师考试中跻身成功率最高的十五所医学院之列。
• The Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy prepares nurses and physiotherapists for the islands' hospitals and primary-care centres, with clinical placements across Mallorca, Ibiza and Menorca.护理与理疗学院为群岛的医院与初级保健中心培养护士与理疗师，临床实习遍布马略卡、伊维萨与梅诺卡。
• The Faculty of Tourism reflects the islands' visitor economy and teaches tourism management, planning and marketing, building on the Official School of Tourism created in 1990.旅游学院呼应群岛的游客经济，教授旅游管理、规划与营销，其前身是 1990 年设立的旅游官方学院。
• The Higher Polytechnic School teaches architecture, computer engineering, telecommunications engineering, industrial engineering and mathematics, with laboratories for computing, electronics and building technology.高等理工学院开设建筑、计算机工程、电信工程、工业工程与数学，并设有计算、电子与建筑技术实验室。
• Research is concentrated in university institutes, including the Institute of Interdisciplinary Physics and Complex Systems, a joint centre of the Spanish National Research Council and UIB known as IFISC.科研集中于多个大学研究所，其中包括西班牙国家研究委员会与该校共建的跨学科物理与复杂系统研究所，简称 IFISC。
• The Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies, or IMEDEA, is another joint CSIC-UIB centre and works on marine ecology, biodiversity, oceanography and the physics of the Mediterranean.地中海高级研究所（IMEDEA）是另一个由西班牙国家研究委员会与该校共建的中心，研究海洋生态、生物多样性、海洋学与地中海物理。
• The University Institute of Health Sciences Research, IUNICS, coordinates clinical and biomedical research with the Balearic health service and the island's hospitals.健康科学大学研究所（IUNICS）与巴利亚利卫生服务机构及岛上医院协同开展临床与生物医学研究。
• The Agro-Environmental Research Institute, INAGEA, studies water economics, soil, crops and Mediterranean landscapes, while the Artificial Intelligence Institute, IAIB, works on machine learning and data science.农业环境研究所（INAGEA）研究水资源经济、土壤、作物与地中海景观，人工智能研究所（IAIB）则从事机器学习与数据科学研究。
• Other centres include the Institute of Hispanic Studies in Modernity, the Institute for Research and Innovation in Education and the Institute of Educational Sciences for teacher training.其他中心还包括近代西班牙研究研究所、教育研究与创新研究所以及负责教师培训的教育科学研究所。
• The university library system spreads across the campus buildings, with reading rooms, digital collections and databases serving all faculties, while the Sa Riera building houses historical collections.大学图书馆系统分布于校园各楼，以阅览室、数字馆藏与数据库服务全校，萨列拉大楼则收藏历史文献。
• Catalan, Spanish and English are the working languages of the university, and language courses help local and international students study in the language that suits their programme.加泰罗尼亚语、西班牙语与英语是该校的工作语言，语言课程帮助本地与国际学生以适合其专业的语言学习。
• International mobility runs through Erasmus+, the Spanish SICUE scheme and the International Student Exchange Program, with agreements across Europe, America, Africa and Asia.国际流动通过 Erasmus+、西班牙 SICUE 计划与国际学生交换项目实施，合作协议覆盖欧洲、美洲、非洲与亚洲。
• UIB belongs to CRUE Universidades Españolas, the Xarxa Vives d'Universitats and the Grupo 9 de Universidades, networks that link it to Spanish and Catalan-language institutions.该校隶属于西班牙大学校长会议、比韦斯大学网络与九所大学集团，这些网络把它与西班牙及加泰罗尼亚语院校连接起来。
• OpenAlex indexes 31,156 works by UIB researchers with 2,518,768 citations, an average of about eighty-one citations per work and a profile strong in physics, marine science and ecology.OpenAlex 收录该校研究人员 31,156 项成果与 2,518,768 次被引，篇均约八十一次，成果在物理、海洋科学与生态学方面尤为突出。

Campus

• The main campus lies on the Valldemossa road about 7.5 kilometres from central Palma, on land between the former estates of Ca's Jai and Son Lledó in the municipality of Palma.主校园位于距帕尔马市中心约 7.5 公里的巴尔德莫萨路，坐落在帕尔马市原卡萨海与松列多两处庄园之间的土地上。
• Its buildings are named after figures of Balearic society, including Ramon Llull, Mateu Orfila, Guillem Colom, Anselm Turmeda, Beatriu de Pinós, Guillem Cifre de Colonya, Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos and Archduke Luis Salvador.校园建筑以巴利亚利社会人物命名，包括拉蒙·柳利、马特乌·奥尔菲拉、吉列姆·科洛姆、安塞尔姆·图尔梅达、贝亚特留·德皮诺斯、吉列姆·西夫雷·德科洛尼亚、加斯帕尔·梅尔乔·德·霍韦利亚诺斯与路易斯·萨尔瓦多公爵。
• The Sa Riera building in central Palma remains in university use for cultural activities, music and research, keeping a foothold in the historic city.帕尔马市中心的萨列拉大楼仍归大学使用，用于文化活动、音乐与研究，使学校在历史城区保留了一处据点。
• A student residence, the Bartomeu Rosselló-Pòrcel building, accommodates students on campus, alongside dining, study and social facilities.校园内的巴托梅乌·罗塞略-波塞尔学生公寓提供住宿，并配有餐饮、学习与社交设施。
• Sports facilities include a swimming pool, football pitches, padel courts and a sports hall, used for teaching, student clubs and inter-university competition.体育设施包括游泳池、足球场、板式网球场与体育馆，用于教学、学生俱乐部与校际比赛。
• The Palma metro line M1 links the campus to the city centre, and bus line 19 provides a second connection. The UIB station opened on 25 April 2007 and reopened in 2008 after flood damage.帕尔马地铁 M1 线把校园与市中心连接起来，19 路公交提供第二条通道，UIB 站于 2007 年 4 月 25 日启用，2008 年洪灾后修复重开。
• Extensions in Ibiza and in Alaior, Menorca, combine videoconferencing with face-to-face classes and teach business administration, law, nursing, education and tourism.伊维萨与梅诺卡阿拉约尔的分校把视频会议与面授结合，开设工商管理、法学、护理、教育与旅游课程。
• The campus is being adapted under a Sustainability Strategy 2030 that includes restoring natural areas, installing photovoltaic panels and adding electric-vehicle charging points.校园正按 2030 年可持续发展战略改造，内容包括恢复自然区域、安装光伏板与增设电动汽车充电点。
• UIB also works with affiliated university schools, including the Alberta Giménez school, the school of industrial relations and tourism schools in Ibiza, Formentera and Menorca.该校还与多所附属大学学院合作，包括阿尔伯塔·希门尼斯学院、劳动关系学院以及伊维萨、福门特拉与梅诺卡的旅游学院。
• Mallorca's Mediterranean setting gives the campus a landscape of limestone mountains, beaches and the Serra de Tramuntana, a UNESCO World Heritage cultural landscape.马略卡的地中海环境为校园带来石灰岩山地、海滩与特拉蒙塔纳山脉的景观，后者是联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产文化景观。
• Palma, the island capital, combines a historic centre, a cathedral, a marina and an airport that connects Mallorca with the rest of Spain and Europe.岛首府帕尔马兼具历史中心、大教堂、游艇码头与机场，机场把马略卡与西班牙其他地区及欧洲连接起来。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 UIB is placed in the joint 1201-1400 band, its position in the global table published by Quacquarelli Symonds.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，该校位列 1201-1400 并列区间，这是其在 Quacquarelli Symonds 全球榜单上的位置。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 places UIB in the 1001-1200 band, its strongest result among the major global rankings.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名把该校列入 1001-1200 区间，这是其在各大全球榜单中的最好成绩。
• In the U.S. News Best Global Universities 2026-2027 UIB is ranked 996th, placing it among the top thousand universities worldwide in that table.在 2026-2027 年度 U.S. News 全球大学排名中，该校位列第 996 位，进入该榜单全球前一千名。
• UIB does not appear in the 2026 Shanghai Academic Ranking of World Universities main list and therefore holds no ARWU band or rank for that year.该校未进入 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名主榜，因此在该年度没有软科区间或名次。
• OpenAlex indexes 31,156 works by UIB researchers with 2,518,768 citations, an average of about eighty-one citations per work.OpenAlex 收录该校研究人员 31,156 项成果与 2,518,768 次被引，篇均约八十一次。
• The Government of the Balearic Islands awarded the university the Gold Medal of the Balearic Islands in 2009, the community's highest distinction, for its services to education and culture.2009 年，巴利亚利群岛政府向该校颁发巴利亚利群岛金质奖章，这是自治区最高荣誉，以表彰其对教育与文化的贡献。
• In 2024 the Interdisciplinary Laboratory on Climate Change received the Gold Medal of the City of Palma for research on climate risks affecting the islands.2024 年，气候变化跨学科实验室因研究影响群岛的气候风险而获得帕尔马市金质奖章。
• The Faculty of Medicine ranked among the fifteen Spanish medical schools with the best results in the 2023-24 MIR examination, a key indicator of clinical training quality.医学院在 2023 至 2024 年度西班牙医学住院医师考试中跻身成绩最好的十五所医学院，这是临床培训质量的重要指标。
• Research.com placed UIB among the ten best Spanish universities in physics and in plant physiology in its 2023 ranking, citing Jaume Flexas and Sasha Husa among highly cited researchers.Research.com 在 2023 年排名中把该校列为西班牙物理与植物生理学前十名大学，并提到豪梅·弗莱克萨斯与萨沙·胡萨为高被引研究者。
• UIB has not produced a Nobel laureate, and its reputation rests on Mediterranean and marine research, physics, tourism studies, health sciences and its role as the islands' only university.该校尚未产生诺贝尔奖得主，其声誉建立在地中海与海洋研究、物理、旅游研究、健康科学以及作为群岛唯一大学的地位之上。

Student life

• UIB's working languages are Catalan, Spanish and English, and students move between them in lectures, library services and everyday campus life.该校的工作语言为加泰罗尼亚语、西班牙语与英语，学生在课堂、图书馆服务与日常校园生活中交替使用这三种语言。
• Language courses in Catalan and Spanish are offered to international students, and local students can strengthen their English through the university's language services.学校为国际学生开设加泰罗尼亚语与西班牙语课程，本地学生则可通过语言服务强化英语。
• The campus residence and nearby private housing host local and exchange students, while the dining halls, libraries and study rooms extend student life beyond the classroom.校园公寓与附近私人住房接纳本地与交换学生，食堂、图书馆与自习室把学生生活延伸到课堂之外。
• Students compete in swimming, football, padel, basketball and other sports through university teams and the sports hall, which also hosts recreational courses.学生通过校队与体育馆参加游泳、足球、板式网球、篮球等赛事，体育馆还开设休闲课程。
• The Cultural Activities Service organises concerts, theatre, cinema and exhibitions, and runs the Open University programme that opens lectures to the wider public.文化活动服务处组织音乐会、戏剧、电影与展览，并开办向公众开放课程的「开放大学」项目。
• Student associations and faculty councils represent students, organise welcome activities and support clubs ranging from debate and photography to music and outdoor sports.学生社团与学院理事会代表学生，组织迎新活动，并支持从辩论、摄影到音乐与户外运动的各类俱乐部。
• Erasmus and other exchange students form a visible international community, supported by orientation sessions and buddies who help them settle into island life.伊拉斯谟及其他交换生组成可见的国际社群，学校通过迎新说明会与伙伴计划帮助他们适应岛上生活。
• Mallorca's beaches, the Serra de Tramuntana trails and the island's sailing culture give students outdoor options, while seasonal tourism work offers part-time income.马略卡的海滩、特拉蒙塔纳山径与岛上航海文化为学生提供户外选择，季节性旅游工作则带来兼职收入。
• Palma's historic centre, festivals and nightlife, reached by metro or bus, complete a student calendar that mixes island traditions with a European city pace.乘地铁或公交可达的帕尔马历史中心、节庆与夜生活，构成融合岛屿传统与欧洲城市节奏的学生生活日历。

Notable people

• Ramon Llull, the thirteenth-century philosopher, writer and missionary, is the university's namesake and the intellectual reference of its historic Lulian tradition.十三世纪哲学家、作家与传教士拉蒙·柳利是该校校名的由来，也是其柳利传统的思想源头。
• Francesc de Borja Moll, a Majorcan philologist and lexicographer, taught at the university and is remembered for his work on the Catalan language of the Balearic Islands.马略卡语文学家与词典编纂者弗朗塞斯克·德博尔哈·莫尔曾在该校任教，以其对巴利亚利加泰罗尼亚语的研究著称。
• Camilo José Cela Conde, son of the Nobel laureate Camilo José Cela, is a writer and professor of philosophy of law, morality and politics at UIB.卡米洛·何塞·塞拉·孔德是诺贝尔奖得主卡米洛·何塞·塞拉之子，身兼作家与该校法哲学、道德与政治学教授。
• Carles Manera, a historian and economist, taught at UIB and has served as an adviser to the Bank of Spain, contributing to debates on the Balearic economy.历史学家与经济学家卡莱斯·马内拉曾在 UIB 任教，并担任西班牙央行顾问，参与巴利亚利经济的讨论。
• Francesc Antich, a UIB graduate, was president of the Government of the Balearic Islands from 1999 to 2003 and again from 2007 to 2011.弗朗塞斯克·安蒂奇毕业于该校，曾于 1999 至 2003 年及 2007 至 2011 年两度出任巴利亚利群岛政府主席。
• Jaume Matas, another UIB graduate, was president of the Balearic Islands from 1996 to 1999 and from 2003 to 2007, and later served as Spain's environment minister.豪梅·马塔斯同样毕业于该校，1996 至 1999 年与 2003 至 2007 年任巴利亚利群岛政府主席，后来出任西班牙环境大臣。
• Alejandra Forlán, a Uruguayan psychologist, lecturer and disability-rights activist, studied at UIB and is counted among its notable alumni.乌拉圭心理学家、讲师与残障权利活动家亚历杭德拉·福兰曾在该校学习，被列为知名校友。
• Antumi Toasijé, a historian of African and Afro-descendant studies, studied at UIB and has taught and written on memory, identity and reparations.研究非洲与非洲裔议题的历史学家安图米·托阿西赫曾就读于该校，就记忆、身份与赔偿问题从事教学与写作。
• Patricia de las Heras, a politician born in 1988, is a UIB graduate and has held party and parliamentary roles in Balearic politics.1988 年出生的政治人物帕特里夏·德拉斯埃拉斯毕业于该校，曾在巴利亚利政坛担任政党与议会职务。
• Jaume Carot, rector since 2021, is a professor of physics and has represented the university in the CRUE and in Balearic research policy debates.豪梅·卡罗特自 2021 年起任校长，是物理学教授，曾在西班牙大学校长会议与巴利亚利科研政策讨论中代表该校。