University of Tehran

The University of Tehran, the oldest and most prominent university in Iran, is a public collegiate institution in Tehran whose main campus lies in the centre of the city and which offers more than 111 bachelor's, 177 master's and 156 doctoral programmes.德黑兰大学（University of Tehran）是伊朗历史最悠久、最负盛名的大学，为一所位于德黑兰的公立学院制高校，主校区坐落于市中心，开设 111 个以上学士项目、177 个硕士项目与 156 个博士项目。

Based on its historical, socio-cultural and political pedigree and on its research and teaching profile, the university is nicknamed "The Mother University", meaning flagship university, and it is regarded as the premier knowledge-producing institute among all countries of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.凭其历史、社会文化与政治地位以及科研与教学实力，该校被誉为「大学之母」，意为旗舰大学，同时被视为伊斯兰合作组织所有成员国中最主要的知识生产机构。

In the 2027 QS World University Rankings it is placed 367th, it falls in the 451-500 band of the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, it is 314th in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities and 501-600 in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities, with OpenAlex recording 164,281 works and 4,732,013 citations.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，该校位列第 367；在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中处于 451 至 500 区间；在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中位列第 314；在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中处于 501 至 600 区间；OpenAlex 统计其研究成果 164,281 项、累计被引 4,732,013 次。

History

• The first official step towards founding the present university was taken on 31 March 1931, when Abdolhossein Teymourtash, minister of the court, wrote to Isa Sedigh, then completing a doctorate at Columbia University in New York, to enquire about the requirements for establishing a university in Tehran.1931 年 3 月 31 日，宫廷大臣阿卜杜勒侯赛因·泰穆尔塔什致信当时正在纽约哥伦比亚大学攻读博士学位的伊萨·萨迪克，询问在德黑兰创办大学所需的条件，这是创建今日这所大学的首个正式步骤。

• In 1933 the subject was raised at a cabinet meeting, where Ali Asghar Hekmat, acting minister of education, observed that the capital had no university and that it lagged far behind other great countries, and the proposal was accepted with an initial budget of 250,000 Tomans.1933 年，该议题在内阁会议上提出，代理教育大臣阿里·阿斯加尔·赫克马特指出首都竟无一所大学、远落后于世界其他大国，提议遂获通过，并拨出 25 万托曼的初始预算。

• Hekmat, in consultation with the French architect André Godard, who served the ministry as an engineer, searched for a site, and by order of Reza Shah the Jalaliyeh garden was chosen, lying north of the then Tehran between Amirabad village and the northern trench of the city.赫克马特与受聘于教育部担任工程师的法国建筑师安德烈·戈达尔商议选址，最终由礼萨·沙阿下令选定贾拉利耶花园，其位于当时德黑兰以北、阿米拉巴德村与城市北侧壕沟之间。

• That garden had been founded in the early 1900s, during the final years of Nasir al-Din Shah, by order of Prince Jalal ad-Dawlah.该花园由贾拉勒·道莱亲王于 20 世纪初、纳赛尔丁·沙阿在位末期下令建造。

• The master plan of the campus buildings was drawn up by the French architects Roland Dubrulle and Maxime Siroux, the Swiss architect Alexandre Moser, and André Godard, Nicolai Markov and Mohsen Foroughi.校园建筑的总体规划由法国建筑师罗兰·迪布吕尔与马克西姆·西鲁、瑞士建筑师亚历山大·莫泽，以及安德烈·戈达尔、尼古拉·马尔科夫与穆赫辛·福鲁吉共同绘制。

• The University of Tehran was officially inaugurated in 1934, and the Amir-abad campus, now known as North Karegar, was added in 1945 after American troops left the property as the Second World War came to an end.德黑兰大学于 1934 年正式落成；1945 年第二次世界大战结束、美军撤离该地后，阿米尔阿巴德校区（今称北卡雷加尔）并入该校。

• The university admitted women as students for the first time in 1937, as part of the country's sweeping universal education policy, after having been a males-only institution.1937 年，该校首次招收女学生，这是当时全国推行普及教育政策的一部分，此前它为清一色男校。

• Initially the university included eight colleges and faculties, among them the College of Science, the Faculty of Letters and Humanities, and the faculties of medicine, pharmacy and dentistry.建校之初，该校设有八个学院与学系，其中包括理学院、文学与人文学院，以及医学院、药学院与牙科学院。

• Many of the departments were absorbed from the Dar al-Funun, established in 1851 as Iran's first modern institution of higher learning, and from the Tehran School of Political Sciences founded in 1899.许多系所来自 1851 年创办的伊朗首所现代高等学府达尔·奥尔·富农（Dar al-Funun），以及 1899 年设立的德黑兰政治学院。

• The College of Fine Arts was founded in 1941, the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in 1943, the Faculty of Agriculture in 1945, and the faculties of management and of education in 1954.美术学院创建于 1941 年，兽医学院创建于 1943 年，农学院创建于 1945 年，管理学院与教育学院则创建于 1954 年。

• Later foundations include the Faculty of Natural Resources in 1963, the Faculty of Economics in 1970, the Faculty of Social Sciences around 1972 and the Faculty of Environment in 1975.此后的新建院系包括 1963 年的自然资源学院、1970 年的经济学院、约 1972 年的社会科学学院，以及 1975 年的环境学院。

• There followed the Faculty of Foreign Languages in 1989, the Faculty of Geography around 2002, the Faculty of World Studies around 2007 and the Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies around 2010.其后，外国语学院于 1989 年设立、地理学院约于 2002 年设立、世界研究学院约于 2007 年设立、新科学与技术学院约于 2010 年设立。

• The university played a central role in the overthrow of the Pahlavi government in the 1978-79 revolution, and it was in front of its gates that the Shah's army opened fire on dissident students, killing many.该校在 1978 至 1979 年革命推翻巴列维政府的过程中发挥了核心作用，正是在其校门前，国王的军队向持不同意见的学生开枪，致多人死亡。

• University curricula, staff and student intake were subject to major revisions in the early 1980s as part of Iran's Cultural Revolution, and the university has continued to constitute a central part of Iran's student movement.20 世纪 80 年代初，作为伊朗「文化革命」的一部分，该校的课程、教职员与学生招生都经历了重大调整，此后该校始终是伊朗学生运动的核心场域。

• In 1986 the Iranian parliament, the Majlis, stipulated that the overcrowded College of Medicine be separated into the independent Tehran University of Medical Sciences and placed under the new ministry of health and medical education.1986 年，伊朗议会（Majlis）规定将拥挤的医学院独立出来，成立德黑兰医科大学（TUMS），并划归新设的卫生与医学教育部。

• In 1992 the faculties of medicine, dentistry and pharmacology seceded to become the Tehran University of Medical Sciences, though their buildings remain at the main central campus on Enghelab Avenue.1992 年，医学、牙科学与药理学院脱离本校，组成德黑兰医科大学，但其院舍仍留在恩格拉布大街的主校区内。

• Aside from physical campuses the university started an online campus programme in 2003 under a project to provide online degree programmes, becoming the first university in Iran to host events on the development of national formal information and communication technology.除实体校区外，该校于 2003 年在一项提供在线学位课程的计划下启动在线校区项目，成为伊朗首所在国家正式信息与通信技术发展方面举办活动的高校。

• The main entrance was designed in 1965 by Korosh Farzami, a student of the Faculty of Fine Arts, and built by the Arme Construction Company, and the gates are depicted on the reverse of the Iranian 50,000 rials banknote.主校门由美术学院学生科鲁什·法尔扎米于 1965 年设计、由阿尔梅建筑公司承建，其大门图案出现在伊朗 50,000 里亚尔纸币的背面。

• From November 2005 to February 2008 the senior Islamic scholar Ayatollah Abbasali Amid Zanjani served as chancellor, and in February 2008 the economist Farhad Rahbar, a former vice president of Iran, became the thirty-first chancellor.2005 年 11 月至 2008 年 2 月，资深伊斯兰学者阿亚图拉阿巴萨利·阿米德·赞贾尼出任校长；2008 年 2 月，曾任伊朗副总统的经济学家法尔哈德·拉赫巴尔成为第 31 任校长。

• On 15 June 2009, 119 faculty members resigned to protest an attack on university dormitories in the wake of the contested presidential election, although most or all of the resignations appear not to have been accepted.2009 年 6 月 15 日，119 名教职员集体辞职，以抗议争议性总统选举后发生的袭击大学宿舍事件，不过这些辞呈似乎大多或全部未被接受。

• Twenty years after the revolution, in July 1999, a much smaller group of dissident students again confronted the police, and since 1979 the main campus and its surrounding streets have hosted Tehran's Friday prayers.革命二十年后，1999 年 7 月又有一批人数少得多的不同意见学生与警方对峙；自 1979 年以来，主校区及其周边街道一直是德黑兰周五聚礼的场所。

Academics

• The university offers more than 111 bachelor's degree programmes, 177 master's degree programmes and 156 doctoral programmes across its colleges, faculties and institutes.该校通过其学院、学系与研究所开设 111 个以上的学士学位项目、177 个硕士项目与 156 个博士项目。

• Admission to its undergraduate and graduate programmes is limited to the top one per cent of students who pass the national entrance examination administered yearly by the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology.该校本科与研究生项目的录取，仅限于通过科学与研究技术部每年组织的全国入学考试的前 1% 学生。

• The College of Engineering contains schools of electrical and computer, mechanical, chemical, metallurgy and materials, civil, mining, surveying and geomatics, industrial and engineering science, plus faculties in Fouman and Rezvanshahr.工程学院下设电气与计算机、机械、化工、冶金与材料、土木、矿业、测绘与地理信息、工业与工程科学等学系，并在富曼与雷兹万沙赫尔设有工程系。

• The College of Science comprises schools of mathematics, statistics and computer science, geology, biology, chemistry, physics and biotechnology.理学院由数学统计与计算机科学、地质学、生物学、化学、物理学与生物技术等系组成。

• Other colleges include the College of Fine Arts, the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources in Karaj and Pakdasht, and the College of Farabi in Qom.其他学院还包括美术学院、位于卡拉季与帕克达什特的农业与自然资源学院，以及位于库姆的法拉比学院。

• Standalone faculties include New Sciences and Technologies, Veterinary Medicine and Governance, while the humanities group covers world studies, foreign languages, literature, law and political science, theology and thought and Islamic sciences.独立院系包括新科学与技术学院、兽医学院与治理学院；人文学科群则涵盖世界研究、外国语、文学、法律与政治学、神学以及思想与伊斯兰科学。

• The social and behavioural sciences faculties include economics, physical education and sport sciences, geography, psychology and education, social sciences, entrepreneurship and management.社会与行为科学各学院包括经济学、体育教育与运动科学、地理学、心理学与教育学、社会科学、创业学与管理学。

• Regional campuses include the Aras International Campus, the Kish International Campus and the Alborz Campus, extending the university's reach beyond the capital.区域校区包括阿拉斯国际校区、基什国际校区与厄尔布尔士校区，将学校的影响力延伸至首都之外。

• Major institutes coordinated by the university include the Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, the Institute of Geophysics, the International Research Center for Coexistence with Deserts and the Institute of History of Science.由该校统筹的主要研究所包括生物化学与生物物理研究所、地球物理研究所、与沙漠共存国际研究中心，以及科学史研究所。

• The Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, the Center for Women's Studies, the Applied Management Research Center and the Vehicle, Fuel and Environment Research Institute are among its specialised bodies.德胡达词典研究所、妇女研究中心、应用管理研究中心，以及车辆、燃料与环境研究所等，都是其专门机构。

• Fifteen per cent of the country's Centers of Excellence, as recognised by the government, are located at the university, which along with more than 40 research centres maintains over 3,500 active laboratories in its centres and faculties.全国经政府认定的卓越中心中，有 15% 设于该校；连同 40 多个研究中心，该校的各中心与院系中运行着 3,500 多个实验室。

• The university publishes more than 50 scientific journals, some of which carry an ISI index, and its research covers fields such as irrigation networks, tree breeding and biotechnology, applied electromagnetic systems and sustainable urban planning.该校出版 50 多种科学期刊，其中部分被 ISI 收录；其研究涵盖灌溉网络、树木育种与生物技术、应用电磁系统、可持续城市规划等领域。

• The Central Library and Documentation Center has been a member of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions since 1967 and complements the 35 specialised libraries based at the different faculties.中央图书馆与文献中心自 1967 年起成为国际图书馆协会联合会（IFLA）成员，并与设于各院系的 35 座专业图书馆互为补充。

• The central library serves more than 65,000 members, hosts over 5,000 users daily, and its manuscript collection includes over 17,000 volumes in Persian, Arabic and Turkish.中央图书馆为超过 65,000 名成员服务，每日接待逾 5,000 名用户，其手稿收藏包括波斯语、阿拉伯语与土耳其语文献 17,000 多卷。

• The University of Tehran Press has published over 5,000 academic books and now averages more than one book a day, with over 96 distribution agents across the country and one in Afghanistan.德黑兰大学出版社已出版 5,000 多种学术图书，如今平均每天出书一本以上，在全国设有 96 个以上发行代理，并在阿富汗设有一处。

• As a public university its funding comes from the government of Iran, and in 2011 the University of Tehran received the highest budget among all universities in Iran, an amount equivalent to 70 million dollars.作为公立大学，其经费来自伊朗政府；2011 年，德黑兰大学获得伊朗所有大学中最高的预算，金额相当于 7,000 万美元。

Campus

• The main campus of the university is located in the central part of Tehran, while other campuses are spread across the city and its suburbs.该校主校区位于德黑兰市中心，另有多个校区分布于城区与郊区。

• The Central Pardis Campus, on Enghelab Avenue, is the oldest and best known of the campuses, and the main gate there, with its specific design and modern architecture, is the logo of the university.恩格拉布大街上的中央校区是各校区中历史最悠久、也最著名者，其造型独特、具现代建筑风格的主校门就是该校的校徽标识。

• The Amir-abad Campus, also known as North Karegar, is where most of the university's dormitories are located.阿米尔阿巴德校区（又称北卡雷加尔）是该校大部分学生宿舍的所在地。

• Other sites include the Baghe Negarestan Campus in the central eastern part of the city, the Northern Amirabad Campuses in the central west, and the Abureyhan Campus in the capital's suburbs.其他校区还包括位于市中心偏东的纳加雷斯坦花园校区、中西部的北阿米尔阿巴德校区，以及首都郊区的阿布·雷汉校区。

• The main entrance was designed by Korosh Farzami in 1965 and built by the Arme Construction Company, and the gates are depicted on the reverse of the Iranian 50,000 rials banknote.主校门由科鲁什·法尔扎米设计于 1965 年、由阿尔梅建筑公司承建，其大门图案出现在伊朗 50,000 里亚尔纸币的背面。

• The emblem of the university is based on an image found in the stucco reliefs and seals of the Sasanid period, copied from a relief discovered in the city of Ctesiphon and placed between two eagle wings.该校校徽以萨珊时期灰泥浮雕与印章中的图案为基础，取自古城泰西封出土的一件浮雕，并置于两只鹰翼之间。

• The university's official colour is University of Tehran Blue, defined in RGB as 29, 160 and 196.该校的官方颜色为「德黑兰大学蓝」，其 RGB 值为 29、160、196。

• In addition to the Tehran campuses the university operates the Aras International Campus, the Kish International Campus and the Alborz Campus.除德黑兰各校区外，该校还运营阿拉斯国际校区、基什国际校区与厄尔布尔士校区。

Reputation

• In the 2027 QS World University Rankings the University of Tehran is placed 367th.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，德黑兰大学位列第 367。

• In the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings it falls in the 451-500 band, and in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities it is ranked 314th.在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中，该校处于 451 至 500 区间；在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中位列第 314。

• In the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities it falls in the 501-600 band.在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中，该校处于 501 至 600 区间。

• In the 2022 U.S. News Best Global Universities it was ranked 329th, and its engineering programme was placed 22nd that year and 42nd in 2018.在 2022 年 US News 全球最佳大学排名中，该校位列第 329；其工程学科在当年位列第 22，2018 年则位列第 42。

• The U.S. News ranking of 2017 placed its engineering programme 45th, agricultural sciences 71st, computer science 120th and materials science 117th.2017 年 US News 排名中，其工程学科位列第 45、农业科学第 71、计算机科学第 120、材料科学第 117。

• The Academic Ranking of World Universities placed the university in the 201-300 band in 2015 and in the 301-400 band from 2016 to 2019.世界大学学术排名在 2015 年将该校列为 201 至 300 区间，2016 至 2019 年列为 301 至 400 区间。

• Times Higher Education placed the university in the 601-800 range from 2016 to 2019, reflecting its standing among Iran's leading research universities.泰晤士高等教育在 2016 至 2019 年间将该校列为 601 至 800 区间，反映出其在伊朗领先研究型大学中的地位。

• Fifteen per cent of Iran's recognised Centres of Excellence are located at the university, whose research strengths include applied electromagnetic systems, land logistics and high-performance materials.伊朗全国经认定的卓越中心中，有 15% 设于该校；其研究优势包括应用电磁系统、土地物流与高性能材料。

• According to OpenAlex the university has produced 164,281 research works attracting 4,732,013 citations, reflecting its standing as Iran's foremost knowledge-producing institution.据 OpenAlex 统计，该校已产出 164,281 项研究成果，累计被引 4,732,013 次，体现出其作为伊朗最重要知识生产机构的地位。

Student life

• Admission to the university is limited to the top one per cent of students who pass the national entrance examination each year.该校的录取仅限于每年通过全国入学考试的前 1% 学生。

• The university has long been a bastion of political movement and ideology, and its central place in Iranian elite circles has made it the setting for many political events and cultural works.该校长期是政治运动与思潮的堡垒，其在伊朗精英圈中的中心地位使之成为众多政治事件与文化作品的舞台。

• It was in front of the university gates that the Shah's army opened fire on dissident students, killing many and helping to trigger the 1979 revolution.正是在该校门前，国王的军队向持不同意见的学生开枪，致多人死亡，并助推了 1979 年革命的爆发。

• In July 1999, twenty years after the revolution, a smaller group of dissident students again confronted the police at the same place.1999 年 7 月，即革命二十年后，一批人数较少的不同意见学生又在同一地点与警方对峙。

• On 15 June 2009, 119 faculty members resigned to protest an attack on university dormitories after the contested presidential election, and the episode became a landmark of the student movement.2009 年 6 月 15 日，119 名教职员辞职，以抗议争议性总统选举后对学生宿舍的袭击，此事成为学生运动的标志性事件。

• Since the 1979 Islamic Revolution the main campus and its surrounding streets have been the site of Tehran's Friday prayers.自 1979 年伊斯兰革命以来，主校区及其周边街道一直是德黑兰周五聚礼的场所。

• Aside from physical campuses the university runs an online campus programme, first started in 2003, offering online degree programmes to students.除实体校区外，该校还设有在线校区项目，最早的在线学位课程始于 2003 年。

• Most of the university's dormitories are located at the Amir-abad Campus, which hosts a large share of its residential students.该校大部分学生宿舍位于阿米尔阿巴德校区，此处容纳了相当比例的在住学生。

Notable people

• Mohammad Mosaddegh, prime minister of Iran from 1951 until the 1953 coup, taught at the University of Tehran at the start of the First World War before beginning his long political career.1951 年至 1953 年政变前担任伊朗首相的穆罕默德·摩萨台，在漫长政治生涯开始前，曾于第一次世界大战之初在德黑兰大学任教。

• Mohammad Khatami, president of Iran from 1997 to 2005, studied for a master's degree in educational sciences at the university before leaving for Qom to complete his Islamic studies.1997 至 2005 年任伊朗总统的穆罕默德·哈塔米，曾在赴库姆完成伊斯兰学学业之前，于该校攻读教育科学硕士学位。

• Shirin Ebadi, who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2003, was admitted to the university's law department in 1965 and became a judge in 1969.2003 年诺贝尔和平奖得主希林·埃巴迪于 1965 年进入该校法学院，并于 1969 年成为法官。

• The film directors Abbas Kiarostami and Asghar Farhadi, the latter a winner of an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, are among its arts alumni.电影导演阿巴斯·基亚罗斯塔米与阿斯加尔·法哈迪均为该校艺术类校友，后者曾获奥斯卡最佳外语片奖。

• Lotfi A. Zadeh, the inventor of fuzzy logic, was associated with the university, as was Ali Javan, who co-invented the gas laser in 1960.模糊逻辑的创立者扎德（Lotfi A. Zadeh）与该校渊源深厚；1960 年共同发明气体激光器的阿里·贾万也与之相关。

• Caucher Birkar, who won the Fields Medal in 2018, studied at the University of Tehran, and Babak Hassibi later became a professor of electrical engineering at the California Institute of Technology.2018 年菲尔兹奖得主考切尔·比尔卡尔曾就读于德黑兰大学；巴巴克·哈西比后来成为加州理工学院电气工程教授。

• Mohammad Beheshti, a principal architect of the constitution of the Islamic Republic, and Mehdi Bazargan, Iran's first prime minister after the revolution, both studied or taught at the university.伊斯兰共和国宪法的主要起草者穆罕默德·贝赫什提，以及革命后伊朗首任总理迈赫迪·巴扎尔甘，均在该校求学或任教。

• Among the alumni of its predecessor institutions are the linguist Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda, after whom its dictionary institute is named, and the former prime ministers Mohammad-Ali Foroughi and Ali Amini.其前身机构的校友包括语言学家阿里·阿克巴尔·德胡达——该校词典研究所即以其命名，以及前首相穆罕默德·阿里·福鲁吉与阿里·阿米尼。

• The poet Mohammad-Taqi Bahar, the pioneering architect Heydar Ghiai and the philosopher Hossein Nasr are also numbered among the university's notable figures.诗人穆罕默德·塔基·巴哈尔、先驱建筑师海达尔·基亚与哲学家侯赛因·纳斯尔也被列为该校的著名人物。

• Engineers educated at the university include Nader Engheta of the University of Pennsylvania and Yahya Rahmat-Samii of the University of California, Los Angeles.在该校受过培养的工程师包括宾夕法尼亚大学的纳德·恩盖塔与加州大学洛杉矶分校的叶海亚·拉赫马特—萨米。