University of Sarajevo

The University of Sarajevo, known by its Bosnian initials UNSA, is a public university in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the country's oldest and largest university, with 20 faculties, three academies and three faculties of theology萨拉热窝大学（University of Sarajevo，波黑本地简称 UNSA）是位于波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那首都萨拉热窝的公立大学，也是该国历史最悠久、规模最大的大学，设有 20 个学院、3 个艺术学院和 3 个神学院。

It was founded on 2 December 1949, when the Faculty of Engineering opened and Vaso Butozan was appointed first rector, and it enrolled 23,127 students in 2021, making it one of the largest universities in the Balkans学校于 1949 年 12 月 2 日正式成立，当天工程学院开课并任命瓦索·布托赞为首任校长，2021 年在校生达 23127 人，是巴尔干地区规模最大的大学之一。

It employs 1,636 academic staff and 990 administrative staff, and QS placed it in the 1401+ band of its 2027 world ranking, Times Higher Education lists it in the 1801-2000 band for 2027, and U.S. News ranked it 1,338th in its 2026-2027 global table学校聘有 1636 名专任教师和 990 名行政人员，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列 1401+ 并列区间，2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将其列入 1801–2000 区间，2026-2027 年度 U.S. News 全球大学榜单则将其排在第 1338 位。

History

• The city's first institution of higher learning was the madrasa founded in Sarajevo in 1537 by Gazi Husrev Bey, the Ottoman governor whose endowments also gave the city its library and mosque complex, and it remained a centre of learned life for centuries萨拉热窝最早的高等教育机构是 1537 年由加齐·胡斯雷夫贝伊创办的宗教学校，这位奥斯曼总督的捐赠还造就了城市的图书馆与清真寺建筑群，这所学校在此后数百年间一直是城市学术生活的中心。
• After Austria-Hungary occupied Bosnia in 1878, Sarajevo acquired secular cultural and scientific institutions, among them the National Museum, founded in 1888, which still operates in the city1878 年奥匈帝国占领波斯尼亚后，萨拉热窝出现了一批世俗文化与科学机构，其中包括 1888 年成立、至今仍在运营的国家博物馆。
• Modern higher education began in 1940 with the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, followed in 1944 by the Medical Faculty during the Second World War现代高等教育始于 1940 年成立的农业与林业学院，1944 年第二次世界大战期间又设立了医学院。
• The Medical Faculty was re-established in 1946, the year after the war ended, and the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry followed in 1948, rebuilding the pre-war academic base医学院于战争结束后的 1946 年重建，农业与林业学院则于 1948 年恢复，战前的学术基础由此得以重建。
• In 1949 the Engineering Faculty opened, and on 2 December of that year the University of Sarajevo was formally established with the appointment of its first rector, the veterinary scientist Vaso Butozan1949 年工程学院开课，同年 12 月 2 日萨拉热窝大学正式成立，并任命兽医科学家瓦索·布托赞为首任校长。
• The initial phase closed with the opening of the Faculty of Humanities in 1950 and the Faculty of Economics in 1952, which together gave the university its core of arts, social science and professional schools随着 1950 年人文学院和 1952 年经济学院相继成立，学校的初创阶段告一段落，形成了人文、社会科学与专业学院并存的格局。
• Between 1955 and 1969 the university consolidated, opened new institutions of higher education and began organised postgraduate studies, the second phase of its development1955 年至 1969 年间，学校巩固建制、开办新的高等教育机构，并开始有组织地开展研究生教育，这是其发展的第二阶段。
• From 1970 to 1982 it expanded further, promoted scientific research and intensified its international academic presence, the third phase of its development1970 年至 1982 年间，学校进一步扩张、推动科研并加强国际学术存在，这是其发展的第三阶段。
• The University of Banja Luka, founded in 1975, the University of Tuzla, founded in 1976, and the University of Mostar, founded in 1977, all drew on Sarajevo's staff and experience in their first years1975 年创办的巴尼亚卢卡大学、1976 年创办的图兹拉大学和 1977 年创办的莫斯塔尔大学，在初创年代都借助了萨拉热窝大学的师资与经验。
• After 1945 Sarajevo became the capital of the People's Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the new authorities treated a university as essential to industrialisation and to training doctors, engineers and teachers1945 年之后，萨拉热窝成为波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那人民共和国首都，新政权把创办大学视为工业化以及培养医生、工程师和教师的关键。
• The 1982-92 period brought a separation of scientific research from the university and the creation of favoured institutes outside it, which weakened the link between teaching and research1982 年至 1992 年间，科研活动与大学分离，一批受到扶持的研究所在校外成立，教学与研究的联系因此被削弱。
• During the siege of Sarajevo from 1992 to 1995 the university's buildings and equipment were badly damaged, yet teaching continued in improvised conditions throughout the four-year blockade1992 年至 1995 年萨拉热窝围城期间，学校建筑与设备严重受损，但在长达四年的封锁中教学仍以临时条件坚持进行。
• Post-war renewal began in 1996 with the reconstruction of destroyed facilities through the New University Campus Project, the replacement of equipment and the repair of student dormitories, backed by the European University Association, the Council of Europe and the European Union战后重建于 1996 年启动，通过新大学校园项目重建被毁设施、更换设备并修缮学生宿舍，欧洲大学协会、欧洲委员会和欧盟都为这一进程提供了支持。
• The Faculty of Law and the Teacher Training College opened in 1946, three years before the university itself was formally established, and were among the first post-war institutions of higher education in the city法学院与师范学院于 1946 年开办，比大学正式成立早三年，是萨拉热窝战后最早恢复的高等教育机构。
• The university adopted the three-cycle degree structure of the Bologna Process after Bosnia and Herzegovina joined the process, reorganising its diplomas into bachelor, master and doctoral levels波黑加入博洛尼亚进程后，学校采用学士、硕士、博士三级学位结构，并按此重组了原有文凭体系。
• Rifat Skrijelj served as rector from 2016 to 2024, a period in which the university strengthened its research institutes and international partnerships, and he left office in the year the university marked its seventy-fifth anniversary里法特·什克里耶利在 2016 年至 2024 年间担任校长，这一时期学校加强了研究所建设与国际合作，他在学校庆祝建校七十五周年之际卸任。
• Tarik Zaimovic became rector in 2024, and in the 2024-25 academic year the university produced 3,547 graduates across its member institutions塔里克·扎伊莫维奇于 2024 年出任校长，2024-25 学年全校各成员单位共有 3547 名学生毕业。
• Since 1949 the university has awarded about 122,000 bachelor's degrees, 3,891 master's degrees and 2,284 doctorates in 45 different fields自 1949 年以来，学校已在 45 个学科领域授予约 12.2 万个学士学位、3891 个硕士学位和 2284 个博士学位。
• Its member institutions now run more than 550 study programmes, a portfolio that ranges from medicine and engineering to Islamic studies, Catholic theology and public administration学校各成员单位目前开设 550 多个学习项目，覆盖从医学、工程到伊斯兰研究、天主教神学和公共管理等广泛领域。

Academics

• The university is a federation of 32 member institutions, among them 20 faculties, three art academies, three joined faculties of theology and six institutes, grouped into six academic fields萨拉热窝大学是由 32 个成员单位组成的联合体，其中包括 20 个学院、3 个艺术学院、3 个联合神学院和 6 个研究所，按六个学术领域归类。
• Its faculties include Law, Economics and Business, Political Science, Philosophy, Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Architecture, Medicine, Dental Medicine, Pharmacy, Agriculture, Forestry, Veterinary Medicine, Sport, Traffic and Criminal Science其学院包括法学院、经济与商学院、政治学院、哲学院、自然科学与数学学院、电气工程学院、机械工程学院、土木工程学院、建筑学院、医学院、牙医学院、药学院、农学院、林学院、兽医学院、体育学院、交通学院和刑事科学学院。
• The Academy of Fine Arts, the Academy of Performing Arts and the Music Academy form the university's arts sector and train painters, actors, directors and musicians美术学院、表演艺术学院和音乐学院构成学校的艺术板块，培养画家、演员、导演和音乐家。
• Three joined members, the faculties of Islamic studies, Catholic theology and public administration, belong to the university without being fully integrated faculties伊斯兰研究、天主教神学和公共管理三个学院以联合成员身份加入大学，并不属于完全建制的学院。
• Six institutes and centres are listed as members, including the Institute of History, the Institute for Researching Crimes against Humanity and International Law, the Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, the Oriental Institute, the Institute for Social Research and the Students Centre Sarajevo学校列有 6 个研究所与中心作为成员单位，包括历史研究所、反人类罪与国际法研究所、基因工程与生物技术研究所、东方研究所、社会研究所以及萨拉热窝学生中心。
• The Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, known as INGEB, is the university's principal laboratory-based research platform in the life sciences基因工程与生物技术研究所（INGEB）是学校在生命科学领域最主要的实验室研究平台。
• In 2021 the university enrolled 23,127 students and employed 1,636 academic staff and 990 administrative staff, a ratio of roughly fourteen students per teacher2021 年学校有 23127 名在校生、1636 名专任教师和 990 名行政人员，师生比约为十四比一。
• Its annual budget was 107.8 million dollars in 2020, while its endowment stood at 247.9 million dollars in the same year2020 年学校年度预算为 1.078 亿美元，同年捐赠基金规模为 2.479 亿美元。
• Teaching follows the Bologna three-cycle model, with bachelor's programmes of three to four years, master's programmes of one to two years and doctoral studies of three years教学遵循博洛尼亚三级学位模式，学士课程三至四年、硕士课程一至两年、博士研究三年。
• The Faculty of Law and the Faculty of Economics are among the largest units and supply much of the country's judiciary, civil service and political leadership法学院和经济学院是规模最大的单位之一，为波黑输送了大量司法、公务员和政治领导人才。
• The Faculty of Medicine teaches at the Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo, the main hospital complex serving the capital and its region医学院在萨拉热窝大学临床中心开展教学，该中心是服务首都及周边地区的主要医院群。
• More than 550 study programmes are offered across the member institutions, from undergraduate degrees to specialist and doctoral programmes各成员单位共开设 550 多个学习项目，涵盖本科、专业进修和博士各个层次。
• The university cooperates with more than 120 universities in Europe, the United States, Canada and the Middle East through exchange agreements and joint research学校通过交换协议和联合研究，与欧洲、美国、加拿大和中东的 120 多所大学开展合作。
• It is a member of the European University Association and participates in the EUPeace alliance of European universities学校是欧洲大学协会成员，并参与欧洲大学「EUPeace」联盟。
• The Oriental Institute studies the Ottoman and Islamic heritage of Bosnia and Herzegovina, including manuscript collections and archival records from the imperial period东方研究所研究波黑的奥斯曼与伊斯兰遗产，包括帝国时期的手稿收藏和档案记录。
• The Faculty of Philosophy, opened in 1950 as the Faculty of Humanities, is the oldest humanities faculty and teaches philosophy, history, sociology, psychology and philology哲学院于 1950 年以人文学院之名开办，是历史最悠久的人文类学院，教授哲学、历史、社会学、心理学和语言学。
• The Faculty of Medicine and the Faculty of Dental Medicine share the clinical campus at Koshevo, beside the Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo医学院与牙医学院共用科舍沃的临床校区，紧邻萨拉热窝大学临床中心。
• Doctoral studies are organised through the university's third cycle, and the 2024-25 graduating class of 3,547 included students from all member institutions博士研究通过学校第三阶段课程组织，2024-25 学年毕业的 3547 名学生来自全部成员单位。

Campus

• The University of Sarajevo has no single walled campus, and its 32 member institutions are distributed across the city, from the Ottoman core of Bascarsija to the modern quarters along the Miljacka萨拉热窝大学没有单一的围墙校园，其 32 个成员单位散布全城，从奥斯曼时期的巴什查尔希亚老城到米利亚茨卡河沿岸的现代街区。
• The rectorate occupies a building on Obala Kulina bana 7, erected in the 1850s, which has become the administrative address of the university校长办公楼位于库林·巴纳河岸街 7 号，建筑建于 19 世纪 50 年代，如今是大学的行政地址。
• The New University Campus Project, launched after 1996, rebuilt laboratories, lecture halls and student housing destroyed or damaged during the war1996 年后启动的新大学校园项目重建了战争中被毁或受损的实验室、讲堂和学生宿舍。
• The National and University Library of Bosnia and Herzegovina, housed in the neo-Moorish Vijecnica built in 1896, is listed among the university's locations, serves as its central library and is one of the city's most recognisable buildings波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那国家与大学图书馆设于 1896 年建成的新摩尔风格市政厅大楼内，被列为大学的所属场所，作为中央图书馆使用，也是全城最易辨认的建筑之一。
• The National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina, founded in 1888, holds the Sarajevo Haggadah and is listed by the university among its affiliated cultural institutions波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那国家博物馆建于 1888 年，收藏有《萨拉热窝哈加达》，被大学列为其关联文化机构之一。
• The Gazi Husrev-beg Library, whose origins lie in the 1537 endowment of the madrasa, preserves Ottoman manuscripts and is also listed among the university's locations加齐·胡斯雷夫贝伊图书馆的源头可追溯到 1537 年的宗教学校捐赠，收藏奥斯曼时期手稿，同样被列为大学的所属场所。
• The city's Ottoman bazaar, the Miljacka river quays and the hills of Trebevic and Igman give students a compact urban setting between the old town and the newer districts城市的奥斯曼集市、米利亚茨卡河岸以及特雷贝维奇和伊格曼山，使学生在老城与新城之间拥有紧凑的城市生活环境。
• Sarajevo's horse-drawn tram, opened in 1885 and electrified in 1895, runs along the Miljacka and links the rectorate with the faculties in the newer parts of the city萨拉热窝的马拉有轨电车于 1885 年开通、1895 年改为电力驱动，沿米利亚茨卡河运行，把校长办公楼与新城区的各学院连接起来。
• The Vijecnica, which houses the National and University Library, was shelled and set on fire in August 1992 and reopened as a library in May 2014 after a long reconstruction收藏国家与大学图书馆的市政厅大楼在 1992 年 8 月遭炮击焚毁，经过长期重建后于 2014 年 5 月重新作为图书馆开放。
• Because the rectorate stands on the Miljacka embankment a few minutes from Bascarsija, students move daily between Ottoman, Austro-Hungarian and socialist layers of the city校长办公楼位于米利亚茨卡河岸，距巴什查尔希亚老城只有几分钟路程，学生每天都在奥斯曼、奥匈与社会主义时期叠加的城市肌理之间穿行。

Reputation

• QS World University Rankings 2027 places the University of Sarajevo in the 1401+ band, the shared final interval for institutions outside the individually ranked positions2027 年 QS 世界大学排名把萨拉热窝大学列入 1401+ 并列区间，这是未获单独名次的院校共用的末段区间。
• Times Higher Education lists it in the 1801-2000 band of its 2027 world ranking, the lowest of the five bands used in that table泰晤士高等教育 2027 年世界大学排名将其列入 1801–2000 区间，这是该榜使用的五个区间中最低的一档。
• U.S. News ranks it 1,338th in its 2026-2027 Best Global Universities list, the highest global position the university holds among the three major tables that include it在 2026-2027 年度 U.S. News 全球最佳大学榜单中，学校位列第 1338 位，这是它在收录该校的三大榜单中取得的最高全球位次。
• The 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities does not include the University of Sarajevo in its main table, so it has no ARWU position for that year2026 年软科世界大学学术排名主榜未收录萨拉热窝大学，因此该校在该年度没有软科名次。
• With more than one thousand faculty members, it has one of the largest academic workforces in Bosnia and Herzegovina and has trained much of the country's academic, medical and administrative elite学校拥有超过一千名专任教师，是波黑学术人力规模最大的大学之一，该国许多学术、医疗与行政精英都在这里接受教育。
• It is widely described as the most prestigious university in Bosnia and Herzegovina and one of the largest in the Balkans by enrolment, with 23,127 students in 2021该校被普遍视为波黑最负盛名的大学，按在校生规模也是巴尔干地区最大的大学之一，2021 年有 23127 名学生。
• Since 1949 it has awarded about 122,000 bachelor's degrees, 3,891 master's degrees and 2,284 doctorates in 45 fields, the broadest doctoral output in the country自 1949 年以来，学校在 45 个领域授予约 12.2 万个学士学位、3891 个硕士学位和 2284 个博士学位，是波黑博士培养规模最大的高校。
• It belongs to the European University Association and maintains partnerships with more than 120 universities abroad, anchoring Bosnian higher education in European networks学校隶属欧洲大学协会，并与境外 120 多所大学保持合作，把波黑高等教育接入欧洲网络。

Student life

• The university does not use a motto in its official identity, which is carried instead by the seal, the founding date and the names of its member institutions学校没有在校方标识中使用校训，其身份主要依靠校徽、建校日期以及各成员单位的名称来承载。
• The founding date of 2 December is the university's anniversary, marked by ceremonies that bring together rectors, faculty and student representatives of the member institutions and draw the scattered units back to a common calendar12 月 2 日的建校日是学校的校庆，庆祝活动汇集各成员单位的校长、教师和学生代表，让散布全城的单位回到共同的日程之中。
• Student life is organised mainly at faculty level, where each faculty has its own student association, and the member institutions also run cultural, sports and volunteer activities for their students学生生活主要在学院层面组织，每个学院都有自己的学生会，各成员单位也为学生举办文化、体育和志愿活动。
• The Students Centre Sarajevo runs dormitories, canteens and student services, is listed among the university's member institutions, and shares its facilities with students from all faculties and academies萨拉热窝学生中心运营宿舍、食堂和学生服务设施，被列为大学的成员单位，其资源由各学院和艺术学院的学生共用。
• The Sarajevo Film Festival, founded in 1995, draws students of the Academy of Performing Arts into its screenings, panels and volunteer programmes every August创办于 1995 年的萨拉热窝电影节每年 8 月举行，表演艺术学院的学生会参与展映、论坛和志愿服务。
• The legacy of the 1984 Winter Olympics lives on in the ski areas of Bjelasnica, Igman and Jahorina, which students reach within an hour or two of the city and use for winter sports and weekend trips1984 年冬季奥运会的遗产仍留在别拉什尼察、伊格曼和亚霍里纳滑雪区，学生从市区出发一两个小时即可抵达，冬季运动和周末出游都依托这些山地。
• Bascarsija, the Miljacka embankment and the cafes of the old town are the everyday social geography of the university, which has no campus of its own to contain student life巴什查尔希亚、米利亚茨卡河堤和老城咖啡馆构成了大学日常的社交地图，因为学校并没有自己的封闭校园来容纳学生生活。
• Student accommodation is provided through the Students Centre Sarajevo, which runs dormitories and canteens for students of all member institutions学生住宿由萨拉热窝学生中心提供，该中心为全部成员单位的学生运营宿舍和食堂。
• Because the member institutions are scattered across the city, much of student life unfolds in the cafés, squares and river quays between faculties rather than on a single campus由于各成员单位散布全城，学生生活更多发生在学院之间的咖啡馆、广场和河岸，而不是某一个封闭校园里。

Notable people

• Vaso Butozan, a veterinary scientist, was the university's first rector in 1949 and again led it from 1952 to 1956, shaping its early faculty structure兽医科学家瓦索·布托赞于 1949 年出任首任校长，并在 1952 年至 1956 年间再次执掌学校，塑造了其早期学院结构。
• Alija Izetbegovic, a law graduate, was the first president of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina and led the country through the 1992-95 war法律系校友阿利雅·伊泽特贝戈维奇是波黑主席团首任主席，并带领国家度过 1992 至 1995 年的战争。
• Jasmila Zbanic, a graduate of the Academy of Performing Arts, won the Golden Bear at the 2006 Berlin Film Festival for Grbavica and was nominated for an Oscar for Quo Vadis, Aida in 2021表演艺术学院毕业生亚斯米拉·日巴尼奇凭《格巴维察》获 2006 年柏林电影节金熊奖，并凭《阿依达，你往何处去》获 2021 年奥斯卡提名。
• Danis Tanovic, who taught at the academy, won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 2002 for No Man's Land曾在学院任教的丹尼斯·塔诺维奇凭《无主之地》获得 2002 年奥斯卡最佳外语片奖。
• Haris Pasovic, a theatre and film director, taught at the Academy of Performing Arts and founded the East West Theatre Company in Sarajevo戏剧与电影导演哈里斯·帕索维奇曾在表演艺术学院任教，并在萨拉热窝创办了东西方剧团。
• Aleksandar Hemon, an alumnus, is a Bosnian-American writer whose books include The Lazarus Project and who received a MacArthur Fellowship in 2004校友亚历山大·海蒙是波黑裔美国作家，著有《拉撒路计划》等作品，并于 2004 年获得麦克阿瑟奖。
• Zdravko Colic, an alumnus, became one of the most popular pop singers in the former Yugoslavia and remains a leading performer across the region校友兹德拉夫科·乔利奇是前南斯拉夫最受欢迎的流行歌手之一，至今仍是本地区颇具影响力的表演者。
• Ivica Osim, an alumnus, played for Yugoslavia and later coached its national team, as well as Partizan, Sturm Graz and the Japan national team校友伊维察·奥西姆曾代表南斯拉夫出战，后执教南斯拉夫国家队以及贝尔格莱德游击队、格拉茨风暴和日本国家队。
• Boris Nemsic, an engineering graduate, served as chief executive of VimpelCom and of the Telekom Austria Group工程专业毕业生鲍里斯·内姆希奇曾任维佩尔通信公司和奥地利电信集团的首席执行官。
• Dritan Abazovic, a political science graduate, served as prime minister of Montenegro from 2022 to 2023政治学毕业生德里坦·阿巴佐维奇在 2022 年至 2023 年担任黑山总理。
• Denis Zvizdic, an alumnus, chaired the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 2015 to 2019校友丹尼斯·兹维兹迪奇在 2015 年至 2019 年担任波黑部长会议主席。
• Hamdija Pozderac, a professor at the university, was president of the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1971 to 1974 and a member of the Yugoslav presidency该校教授哈姆迪亚·波兹德拉克在 1971 年至 1974 年担任波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那社会主义共和国主席，并曾任南斯拉夫主席团成员。
• Zdravko Grebo, a professor of law, founded the Open Society Fund of Bosnia and Herzegovina and was one of the country's best-known advocates of press freedom until his death in 2019法学教授兹德拉夫科·格雷博创办了波黑开放社会基金，直至 2019 年去世前一直是该国最知名的新闻自由倡导者之一。
• Bisera Turkovic, an alumna, served as foreign minister of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 2019 to 2023 and earlier as the country's ambassador to the United States校友比塞拉·图尔科维奇在 2019 年至 2023 年担任波黑外交部长，此前曾任波黑驻美国大使。