University of Rostock

The University of Rostock (German: Universität Rostock, Latin: Universitas Rostochiensis) is a public university in the Hanseatic city of Rostock in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany, founded in 1419 and organised today in nine faculties with some fifty fields of study.罗斯托克大学（德语：Universität Rostock，拉丁语：Universitas Rostochiensis）是位于德国梅克伦堡-前波美拉尼亚州汉萨城市罗斯托克的公立大学，1419 年创办，如今设九个学院、约五十个专业方向。

It is the oldest university in continental northern Europe and the Baltic Sea region, the third-oldest German university in continuous operation after Heidelberg in 1386 and Leipzig in 1409, and the fifth foundation of the Holy Roman Empire.它是欧洲大陆北部及波罗的海地区最古老的大学，是继海德堡大学（1386 年）与莱比锡大学（1409 年）之后德国持续办学至今的第三古老大学，也是神圣罗马帝国境内第五所建立的大学。

Teaching is conducted largely in German with some English-taught postgraduate programmes, four Nobel laureates are counted among the scholars associated with the university, and it sits in the 901-950 band of the QS 2027 World University Rankings.该校教学以德语为主并开设若干英语授课的研究生课程，与之相关的学者中有四位诺贝尔奖得主，学校在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列 901 至 950 区间。

History

• The university was founded in 1419 after Pope Martin V issued his confirming bull on 13 February, on the initiative of Duke Johann IV of Mecklenburg and Duke Albrecht V together with the council of Rostock, a city then made prosperous by the Hanseatic League.1419 年，在梅克伦堡公爵约翰四世与阿尔布雷希特五世同罗斯托克市议会的共同推动下，教宗马丁五世于 2 月 13 日签署教谕予以认可，罗斯托克大学由此创立，当时的罗斯托克正因汉萨同盟而兴盛。

• The opening ceremony was celebrated on 12 November 1419 in St Mary's Church, and the new university began with a Faculty of Law, a Faculty of Medicine and an arts faculty that was renamed the Faculty of Philosophy around 1580.开学庆典于 1419 年 11 月 12 日在圣玛丽亚教堂举行，新建的大学初设法学院、医学院与艺术学院，后者约在 1580 年改称哲学院。

• A Faculty of Theology came only later, since the fear of heresy postponed papal permission until 1432, when Pope Eugene IV finally granted it.神学院的设立因顾虑异端思潮而一再推迟，直到 1432 年才由教宗尤金四世予以允准。

• Throughout the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries the university enrolled roughly 500 students a year, many of them from the Low Countries, Scandinavia and the Baltic lands, which ranked it among the larger and more important universities of Germany at the time.十五至十六世纪，该校每年在校学生约 500 人，多来自低地国家、斯堪的纳维亚和波罗的海沿岸地区，据此在当时属于德国规模较大、地位重要的大学之列。

• Political strife and pressure from the church forced the university to obey a ban issued by the Council of Basel and to move to Greifswald in 1437, and although the ban was lifted in 1440 teaching returned to Rostock only in 1443.由于政局混乱并受教会压力，大学服从巴塞尔宗教会议的禁令于 1437 年迁往格赖夫斯瓦尔德，禁令虽在 1440 年撤销，复员罗斯托克却迟至 1443 年。

• A second removal followed at the close of the century, when lectures were given in the Hanseatic city of Lübeck from 1487 to 1488, an exile that some older accounts extend as far as 1492.世纪之交学校再度流徙，1487 至 1488 年间在汉萨城市吕贝克授课，一说这段流徙延续到 1492 年。

• Following the city's lead the university turned Protestant in 1542, and from then on Humanism and Lutheranism were defining characteristics of its teaching for the rest of the sixteenth century.1542 年罗斯托克大学随同城接受新教，此后人文主义与路德宗学说长期构成其教学的底色。

• In the sixteenth century it became the first university to teach Copernican astronomy, a doctrine brought into the curriculum by its professor Duncan Liddel.十六世纪，该校成为第一所讲授哥白尼学说的大学，这一学说由其教授邓肯·利德尔引入课程。

• Joachim Jungius, professor of mathematics at Rostock from 1624 to 1628, had already established in 1622 the first society in Germany devoted to the study of natural science.1624 至 1628 年在校任数学教授的约阿希姆·容吉乌斯，早在 1622 年就创办了德国第一个以自然科学研究为宗旨的学术团体。

• The Thirty Years War of 1618 to 1648 drove the Lutheran university into a long decline, and for roughly two centuries afterwards Rostock played only a regional role, serving the sons of local families.1618 至 1648 年的三十年战争使这所路德宗大学跌入长期低潮，此后约两个世纪里它只是一所培养地方青年的区域性高校。

• In the early modern phase of the witch trials its faculty of law stood, alongside those of Rinteln and Wittenberg, among the most highly regarded reference benches in Germany, at a time when the legal methods of the German faculties differed sharply from one another.在猎女巫时期，罗斯托克大学与林特尔恩大学、维滕贝格大学同为最重要的鉴定大学，当时各德国大学法学院的裁判方法彼此差异极大。

• Doctrinal quarrels drew the interference of Duke Friedrich the Pious of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, who in 1760 had a rival academy opened at Bützow together with compliant professors, and only in 1789, on the instruction of Duke Friedrich Franz I, was that foundation folded back into the University of Rostock.因教义分歧，梅克伦堡-什未林公爵虔诚者弗里德里希干涉校务，于 1760 年携拥护公爵的教授在比措另建新校，此校直到 1789 年才由公爵弗里德里希·弗兰茨一世授意并回罗斯托克大学。

• The eighteenth century also brought the Orientalist Oluf Gerhard Tychsen, who taught at Rostock from 1778 and had founded its zoological collection in 1775, and the natural scientist Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link, professor of chemistry, zoology and botany from 1792 to 1811.十八世纪还迎来东方语文学家奥卢夫·格哈德·蒂赫森（1778 年起在校任教，1775 年创建该校动物学收藏）与自然科学家约翰·海因里希·弗里德里希·林克（1792 至 1811 年任化学、动物学与植物学教授）。

• When both Mecklenburg duchies were raised to grand duchies in 1815 the standing of the alma mater changed, and in 1827 its ownership passed from the city to the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, opening an era of state-funded growth.1815 年梅克伦堡两处公国均升格为大公国，1827 年大学的所有权由城市转归梅克伦堡-什未林大公，从此进入由国家出资扩建的时期。

• Building activity was generous in the second half of the nineteenth century, producing the new main building of 1870 in the Mecklenburg Renaissance style and, in 1899, the first clinic for ear, nose and throat diseases attached to a German university.十九世纪后半叶校方大兴土木，1870 年建成梅克伦堡文艺复兴风格的新主楼，1899 年又开办德国第一所大学附属耳鼻喉科医院，母校声誉随之恢复。

• On its 500th anniversary the university conferred honorary doctorates on Albert Einstein and Max Planck on 12 November 1919, which made Rostock the first institution of higher learning in the world to honour Einstein in this way.1919 年建校五百周年之际，罗斯托克大学于 11 月 12 日授予阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦与马克斯·普朗克荣誉博士学位，使其成为世界上第一所以此种荣誉表彰爱因斯坦的高校。

• Under Nazi rule enrolment collapsed from about 1,700 students in 1930 to barely more than 700 in 1939, and in 1933 the psychologist David Katz and Hans Moral, professor of dentistry and dean of the medical faculty, lost their posts, while Einstein's honorary doctorate was nonetheless never revoked, for reasons that remain unknown.纳粹统治时期在校生人数骤减，从 1930 年的约 1700 人降至 1939 年的 700 余人，1933 年心理学家戴维·卡茨与牙科教授、医学院院长汉斯·莫拉尔被去职，而爱因斯坦所获的这项荣誉博士学位——也是他生平第一项此类荣誉——却未被撤销，原因至今不明。

• The end of the Second World War in 1945 brought many changes, and the university, now inside the Soviet zone that became the German Democratic Republic, was re-opened on 24 February 1946.1945 年二战结束带来巨变，处于后来成为德意志民主共和国的苏联占领区内的大学于 1946 年 2 月 24 日重新开放。

• To meet the political needs of the new order the university hosted an Ernst Thälmann college of workers and peasants designed to recruit a young elite, an institution that remained in existence until 1963.为适应当时局势需要，校内曾设以培养青年精英为目的的恩斯特·台尔曼工农学院，此院开办至 1963 年。

• The East German years reshaped the faculties: a Faculty of Agriculture was introduced in 1950, the Faculty of Law was closed in 1951, the same year that a Department of Shipbuilding opened, and in 1963 that department became a Faculty of Technology, the first technical faculty at a traditional German university, joined that year by a department of engineering economics.民主德国时期的院系变动频繁：1950 年设立农业学院，1951 年法学院被撤销、同年开设造船系，1963 年造船系改称技术学院，这是德国古典大学首次设置工科院系，同年又增设工程经济系。

• A Faculty of Aviation followed in 1952, but that discipline was eventually relocated out of Rostock to Dresden, leaving the shipbuilding line behind as the core of the university's engineering teaching.1952 年又设航空学院，但该学科最终被迁出罗斯托克、改在德累斯顿继续办学，造船一线则留在校内成为工程教学的核心。

• In 1976 the university was renamed Wilhelm-Pieck-Universität after Wilhelm Pieck, the first president of the German Democratic Republic, and the renaming was annulled after German reunification in 1990, when a fresh reorganisation of faculties began.1976 年大学以民主德国首任总统威廉·皮克之名更名为威廉·皮克大学，1990 年德国统一后这一更名被撤销，随即展开新一轮院系调整。

• In 2007 the research capacities were bundled into three profile lines, namely Life, Light and Matter, Maritime Systems, and Aging of Individuals and Societies, and a fourth line, Knowledge, Culture and Transformation, was added in 2010.2007 年校方将科研力量重组为三条主线，即生命、光与物质，海洋系统，以及个体与社会的老龄化，2010 年又增补第四条主线知识、文化与转型。

• Since 1991 more than 500 million euros have been invested in university infrastructure, reaching 750 million euros by 2015, and the number of German and international applicants has grown year by year, with students from at least 99 countries having studied in Rostock.1991 年以来对学校基础设施的投入已超过 5 亿欧元，到 2015 年达 7.5 亿欧元，来自德国本土与国际的申请者逐年增多，至少已有 99 个国家的学生在罗斯托克求学。

Academics

• Like many continental European universities the University of Rostock is divided into faculties, known in German as Fakultät, which are in turn subdivided into institutes and individual chairs, and it presently operates nine of these faculties.与许多欧洲大陆大学相同，罗斯托克大学以学院（德语 Fakultät）为基本单位，学院之下再设研究所与讲席，目前共运行九个学院。

• The professional and humanistic faculties are the Faculty of Law, the Faculty of Theology, the Faculty of Philosophy and the Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, the last of which has carried honorary professorships in financial policy since 1993.人文与专业类学院包括法学院、神学院、哲学院与经济和社会科学学院，其中最后一个学院自 1993 年起还设有金融政策荣誉教授席。

• The scientific and technical side comprises the Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, the Faculty of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences and the medical faculty known as the Universitätsmedizin.自然与工程类学院包括农业和环境科学学院、计算机科学和电子技术学院、机械制造和船舶技术学院、数学和自然科学学院，以及被称为 Universitätsmedizin 的医学院。

• Some fifty fields of study are taught, the language of instruction is usually German and English for some postgraduate studies, and the language centre offers courses that can be capped by the internationally recognised UNIcert certificate.全校开设约五十个专业方向，授课语言通常为德语、部分研究生课程用英语，语言中心提供的课程结课可取得国际通用的 UNIcert 证书。

• Its engineering profile grew out of the Department of Shipbuilding created in 1951, and the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology today anchors the Maritime Systems research line set up in 2007.其工程学科传统源于 1951 年设立的造船系，今日的机械制造和船舶技术学院成为 2007 年确立的海洋系统研究主线的主要支撑。

• The agricultural and environmental faculty continues the line begun with the Faculty of Agriculture of 1950 and cooperates with the Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology at Dummerstorf.农业和环境科学学院延续了 1950 年设立农业学院的路径，并与位于杜默斯多夫的莱布尼茨农场动物生物学研究所合作。

• The medical faculty, the Universitätsmedizin, traces its clinical prestige back to the ENT hospital of 1899 and now runs several teaching and research institutes, among them the Albrecht Kossel Institute for Neuroregeneration.医学院 Universitätsmedizin 的临床声誉可追溯至 1899 年的耳鼻喉科医院，如今设多个教学与研究机构，其中包括阿尔布雷希特·科塞尔神经再生研究所。

• The law faculty abolished in 1951 appears again in today's list of nine faculties, with the reorganisation of faculties begun after reunification in 1990 forming the institutional setting for its return, and the faculty counts among its remembered teachers Felix Genzmer, professor of public law from 1920 to 1922.1951 年被撤销的法学院在今日的九院名单中重现，1990 年统一后启动的院系调整构成其重建的制度背景，该学院记忆中留名的教师包括 1920 至 1922 年任公法教授的费利克斯·根茨默。

• Teaching and research have been strengthened by the interdisciplinary, cross-faculty work of the Interdisciplinary Faculty, which brings together collaborative research centres, research training groups and dedicated research units.跨学院的交叉学科院系把协同研究中心、研究生培养组与专门研究单元整合起来，使各学院的科研重点在跨学科平台上得到加强。

• The university cooperates with independent research centres in its region, among them the Leibniz Institute of Atmospheric Physics at Kühlungsborn, the Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, the Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research at Warnemünde and the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research.学校与区域内多个独立科研机构合作，包括位于屈灵斯博恩的莱布尼茨大气物理研究所、莱布尼茨催化研究所、位于瓦讷明德的莱布尼茨波罗的海研究所以及马克斯·普朗克人口研究所。

• Further partners are the Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research with its own Rostock department, the Fraunhofer Application Centre for Large Structures in Production Engineering, the Hanseatic Institute for Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, the Rostock Center for the Study of Demographic Change, the Institute for Implant Technology and Biomaterials and the Center for Life Science Automation.其他伙伴包括设有罗斯托克分部的弗劳恩霍夫计算机图形研究所、弗劳恩霍夫大型结构生产工程应用中心、汉萨创业与区域发展研究所、罗斯托克人口变化研究中心、植入技术与生物材料研究所以及生命科学自动化中心。

• The university is a member of the European University Association, the pan-European body that brings together universities of the continent and of the Baltic region.该校是欧洲大学协会的成员，该协会是把欧洲大陆与波罗的海地区高校集合在一起的泛欧组织。

• Since 1992 the university has offered continuing-education programmes for graduates in work, a provision reorganised together with the quality assurance structures introduced under the Bologna Process.自 1992 年起学校开始提供面向在职者的深化进修专业，这些专业与博洛尼亚进程范围内质量保障中心的改组属于同一计划。

• Its historical record is documented by the University History Research Center, which publishes the Catalogus Professorum Rostochiensium, a freely accessible online catalogue aiming to cover every professor from 1419 to the present with biographical data, scientific achievements and digitised sources such as photographs and handwritten documents.校史研究中心出版《罗斯托克教授名录》，这是免费开放的网络名录，力求收录 1419 年至今每一位教授的履历、学术成就与照片、手稿等数字化文献，项目至今仍在续写。

• Academic staffing has been described at about 4,600 members of staff serving roughly 15,000 students, a ratio typical of a mid-sized German comprehensive university, and the natural sciences are anchored by the tradition of Eugen Geinitz, professor of mineralogy and geology who directed the Mineralogical-Geological Institute.按近年概况口径，该校有教职人员约 4600 人、在校生约 15000 人，属德国中型综合性大学的典型比例，其自然科学由矿物学与地质学教授、矿物地质研究所所长欧根·盖尼茨所奠定的传统支撑。

• Doctoral study runs across all nine faculties, and the degree roll reaches back to the fifteenth century, when Nordics such as Hans Teiste took the master's grade in 1468 and Hoskuld Hoskuldsson in 1493.九院皆授博士学位，其学位名册可上溯至十五世纪，当时北欧学生如汉斯·泰斯特于 1468 年、霍斯库尔德·霍斯库尔德松于 1493 年在此取得硕士学位。

Campus

• The university stands in Rostock in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern at about 54.09 degrees north and 12.14 degrees east, and its buildings are woven into the fabric of the Hanseatic city rather than gathered into a separate enclosed campus.学校坐落在梅克伦堡-前波美拉尼亚州的罗斯托克，位置约在北纬 54.09 度、东经 12.14 度，校舍与汉萨城市的街区融为一体，并非独立的围墙式校园。

• The main building completed in 1870 in the Mecklenburg Renaissance style remains the ceremonial heart of the university, and its foyer carries commemorative plaques for the dismissed professor Hans Moral and for the executed student Arno Esch.1870 年落成的梅克伦堡文艺复兴风格主楼至今是学校的礼仪核心，其门厅内为被去职的教授汉斯·莫拉尔与被处死的学生阿诺·埃施设有纪念牌。

• The Rostock University Library, whose origins are placed in 1569, comprises three divisional libraries and some ten specialist libraries and holds about 2.2 million printed volumes, alongside 2,800 manuscripts and autographs, 650 incunabula and fourteen literary estates, while its catalogue has also been reported at roughly three million volumes.罗斯托克大学图书馆的起源可追溯到 1569 年，含三个区域图书馆与十个专业图书馆，藏书约 220 万册，另藏 2800 卷手抄本与签名本、650 册古版书和 14 份遗产，其目录著录量另有约 300 万册的口径。

• The same institution houses the university archive and an art treasure collection, and its Patents and Standards Centre makes the complete body of DIN norms and of VDI guidelines available to users.馆内还设大学档案馆与艺术珍藏，其专利与标准中心向使用者提供全套德国工业标准 DIN 规范与德国工程师协会 VDI 指南。

• The university keeps its own botanical garden, the Botanischer Garten Universität Rostock, and the Zoological Collection founded in 1775 by Oluf Gerhard Tychsen, parts of which are open to the public.校内设有罗斯托克大学植物园，以及由奥卢夫·格哈德·蒂赫森于 1775 年创建、部分对公众开放的动物学收藏。

• The Rostock Student Services provides accommodation for newly arrived international students at the university and at the Rostock University of Music and Theatre, and it offers a starter package for those who have not previously lived or studied in Germany, whereas short-time and programme students such as ERASMUS or Sokrates participants are given lower priority.罗斯托克学生事务所为本校及罗斯托克音乐戏剧学院新到的国际学生提供住宿，为未在德国居住或学习过的人设有起步套餐，而 ERASMUS、Sokrates 等短期与项目学生获得的优先级较低。

• The university hospital operated by the medical faculty hosts several teaching and research institutes, the best known being the Albrecht Kossel Institute for Neuroregeneration, and the clinical network goes back to the ENT clinic of 1899.医学院运行的大学医院设有多个教学与研究机构，其中最著名的是阿尔布雷希特·科塞尔神经再生研究所，其临床网络可上溯到 1899 年的耳鼻喉科医院。

• Infrastructure spending since 1991 has exceeded 500 million euros and reached 750 million euros by 2015, money that has gone into laboratories, clinics and libraries, including the new wing of the First Library opened in May 2004.1991 年以来的基础设施投入已逾 5 亿欧元，2015 年达 7.5 亿欧元，用途涵盖实验室、诊所与图书馆，其中包括 2004 年 5 月启用的第一图书馆新馆。

Reputation

• In the QS 2027 World University Rankings the University of Rostock is placed in the 901-950 band, having been positioned in the 761-770 range and at 40 to 41st place nationally in the 2024 edition of the same table.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，罗斯托克大学位列 901 至 950 区间，该榜 2024 年版曾把它排在 761 至 770 位、德国国内第 40 至 41 位。

• It does not appear in the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, a fact that sits alongside the 2018 list published by the same organisation which named Rostock the most beautiful university in Germany and the fourth most beautiful in Europe.该校未进入 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名，而同一家机构 2018 年发布的榜单曾称罗斯托克大学为德国最美校园、欧洲第四美校园。

• In the US News global table for 2026-2027 it is ranked 875th, while in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities it falls in the 501-600 band, the same interval the 2023 edition had recorded for it together with a national position between 32nd and 36th.在 2026-2027 年度 US News 全球大学排名中它列第 875，在 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名中处于 501 至 600 区间，2023 年版软科给出同一区间并把它列在德国第 32 至 36 位。

• Subject-level results have been recorded in chemistry, where the Academic Ranking of World Universities placed the university between 101st and 150th in the world in 2014, and where the University Ranking by Academic Performance ranked it 224th worldwide in the same year.学科层面的名次可见于化学：2014 年软科世界大学学术排名将该校化学列在世界 101 至 150 位，同年学术绩效大学排名则给它世界 224 位。

• In 2014 the CWTS Leiden Ranking placed Rostock 269th in the world for natural sciences, 336th for life sciences, 463rd for medical sciences, 449th for mathematics, computer science and engineering and 245th for cognitive science, while the Center for World University Rankings put it 481st overall and the academic performance ranking listed it 34th in Germany and 428th worldwide.2014 年 CWTS 莱顿排名给罗斯托克的位次是自然科学世界第 269、生命科学第 336、医学第 463、数学计算机与工程第 449、认知科学第 245，同年世界大学学术中心排名列其总榜第 481、学术绩效排名列其德国第 34、世界第 428。

• Bibliometric output recorded for the institution in OpenAlex covers 59,785 works which have been cited 3,734,201 times, a ratio close to sixty-three citations per work.OpenAlex 所载该校的科研产出为 59785 篇文献、被引 3734201 次，篇均被引接近六十三次。

• Third-party funding rose by 83 per cent between 2005 and 2010 and now runs above 65 million euros a year, a rise tied to the bundling of research into the profile lines adopted in 2007 and 2010.外部科研经费在 2005 至 2010 年间增长 83%，如今每年逾 6500 万欧元，这一增长与 2007 年、2010 年确立的科研主线重组相关。

• Its hardest honour count rests on four Nobel laureates associated with the university, namely Albrecht Kossel, Hans Spemann, Karl von Frisch and Otto Stern, and on the honorary doctorates awarded to Albert Einstein and Max Planck in 1919.该校最硬的荣誉计数来自四位与之相关的诺贝尔奖得主，即阿尔布雷希特·科塞尔、汉斯·施佩曼、卡尔·冯·弗里施与奥托·施特恩，另有 1919 年授予爱因斯坦与马克斯·普朗克的荣誉博士学位。

• Its place in the history of German higher education is measured by its age, since only Heidelberg, founded in 1386, and Leipzig, founded in 1409, have operated continuously in Germany for longer, and Rostock itself was the fifth university established in the Holy Roman Empire.它在德国高教史上的坐标由其校龄决定：德国持续办学更久的大学只有 1386 年的海德堡与 1409 年的莱比锡，而罗斯托克本身是神圣罗马帝国第五所建立的大学。

Student life

• The main canteen of the university is the one on Albert-Einstein-Straße in the southern part of town, rebuilt in 1999 and placed second among German university canteens in a 2003 poll run by the student magazine UNICUM.学校主食堂位于南城阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦街，1999 年重建，在 2003 年学生杂志《UNICUM》的一次评比中名列德国大学食堂第二位。

• The canteen it replaced, built in 1976 with student participation, had housed a popular student film club and a milk bar, both of which were left out of the new building, and after its demolition a new wing of the First Library was opened in May 2004 on the site between the canteen and the southern ring road, while a second canteen near the city centre stands on Sankt-Georg-Straße.被拆除的旧食堂于 1976 年在学生参与下建成，内设颇受欢迎的食堂电影娱乐部与牛奶吧，这两项设施在新建筑中被省略，2004 年 5 月在其原址、即新食堂与南环路之间建成第一图书馆的新馆，另一座靠近市中心的食堂则位于圣乔治街。

• About 15,000 students now study in Rostock, while enrolment figures of 1,700 in 1930 against barely 700 in 1939 show how sharply political upheaval can alter the rhythm of student life in this city.如今约 15000 名学生在罗斯托克求学，而 1930 年的约 1700 人与 1939 年的仅 700 余人相较，足以说明政局动荡能在多大程度上改变一座城市的学生生活。

• Students from at least 99 countries have taken degrees or semesters in Rostock, and their numbers, together with those of German applicants, have increased every year, a trend supported by English-taught postgraduate programmes.至少 99 个国家的学生曾在罗斯托克取得学位或完成学期，国际学生与德国申请者的数量年年增加，这一趋势有英语授课的研究生课程作为支撑。

• The language centre is a meeting point for international and German students alike, offering many language courses that lead to the internationally portable UNIcert certificate.语言中心是国际学生与德国学生共同的交汇场所，开设大量语言课程，结课可取得国际通用的 UNIcert 证书。

• Housing is allocated by the Rostock Student Services, whose starter package targets newly arrived international students, and its residences are shared with students of the Rostock University of Music and Theatre.学生宿舍由罗斯托克学生事务所分配，其起步套餐面向新到的国际学生，其公寓也与罗斯托克音乐戏剧学院的学生共用。

• Memory of the twentieth century is kept visible on campus, with plaques in the foyer of the main building for Hans Moral, who took his own life in 1933 after dismissal because of his Jewish origins, and for Arno Esch, a student and liberal politician executed in 1951 as a declared opponent of communism.二十世纪的历史记忆在校园中可见：主楼门厅为因犹太血统被去职后于 1933 年自尽的汉斯·莫拉尔，以及 1951 年作为公开的共产主义反对者被处死的学生、自由派政治人物阿诺·埃施设有纪念牌。

• The botanical garden and the zoological collection, parts of which are open to the public, give students and townspeople shared green and museum space within walking distance of the historic centre.大学植物园与部分对外开放的动物学收藏，为学生与市民提供了可步行抵达的绿地与展陈空间。

Notable people

• Albrecht Kossel, who took his doctorate at Rostock in 1878, was awarded the 1910 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the chemistry of cell nuclei and is remembered on campus by the Albrecht Kossel Institute for Neuroregeneration.阿尔布雷希特·科塞尔 1878 年在罗斯托克取得博士学位，因细胞核化学研究获 1910 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，校内的阿尔布雷希特·科塞尔神经再生研究所即以其名命名。

• Two professors of the years 1921 to 1923 later took Nobel Prizes, with the ethologist Karl von Frisch, known for his analysis of bee communication, winning the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine as professor of zoology, and Otto Stern, holder of the chair of experimental physics, winning the Nobel Prize in Physics awarded for 1943.1921 至 1923 年任教的两位教授后来同获诺贝尔奖：以蜜蜂通讯研究著称的动物学教授卡尔·冯·弗里施获 1973 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，实验物理讲席担任者奥托·施特恩获 1943 年度诺贝尔物理学奖。

• The fourth laureate associated with the university is Hans Spemann, the embryologist awarded the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the two Nobel-winning physicists Albert Einstein and Max Planck were themselves created honorary doctors on 12 November 1919.与之相关的第四位诺奖得主是胚胎学家汉斯·施佩曼，他获 1935 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，而两位诺贝尔物理学奖得主爱因斯坦与马克斯·普朗克本人正是在 1919 年 11 月 12 日获授荣誉博士。

• Among the earliest students were the humanist Ulrich von Hutten, who published his first important work in Rostock in 1509, and the Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe, who studied here in 1566, while the Swedish chancellor and strategist Axel Oxenstierna took courses from 1599 to 1601.早期学生中有人文主义者乌尔里希·冯·胡滕，他 1509 年在罗斯托克发表第一篇重要著作，也有于 1566 年在此求学的丹麦天文学家第谷·布拉赫，瑞典首相与战略家阿克塞尔·奥克森谢纳则在 1599 至 1601 年间听课。

• Nordic churchmen took degrees here in the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, among them Hans Teiste, the 29th Bishop of Bergen, who became a master in 1468, and Olav Engelbrektsson, the last Roman Catholic Archbishop of Nidaros, a bachelor in 1505 and a master in 1507, while the theologian David Chyträus held the chair of theology from 1561 and Konrad Gesselen, astronomer and mathematician from Geismar, taught both in Rostock and in Thorn.十五世纪至十六世纪初多位北欧教会人士在此取得学位，包括 1468 年获文学硕士的卑尔根第二十九任主教汉斯·泰斯特，以及 1505 年获学士、1507 年获硕士的尼达洛斯最后一任天主大主教奥拉夫·恩格尔布雷克松，神学家达维德·希特雷乌斯自 1561 年起任神学教授，来自盖斯玛的天文学家与数学家康拉德·盖塞伦则先后在罗斯托克与托伦授课。

• The nineteenth-century roll includes the archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann, who earned his doctorate here in 1869, the novelist Fritz Reuter, who began law studies in 1831 and received an honorary doctorate in 1863, the economist Johann Heinrich von Thünen, made a doctor honoris causa in 1830, and the actuary August Zillmer, who took his doctorate in 1858.十九世纪的名单上有 1869 年在此获博士学位的考古学家海因里希·施里曼，1831 年起就读法律、1863 年获授荣誉博士的小说家弗里茨·罗伊特，1830 年获荣誉博士学位的经济学家约翰·海因里希·冯·蒂嫩，以及 1858 年取得博士的精算学家奥古斯特·齐尔默。

• Physics is represented by Gustav Mie, who studied physics in Rostock from 1886 to 1889, by Walter H. Schottky, professor of theoretical physics from 1923 to 1927, by Pascual Jordan, a co-founder of quantum mechanics who professed physics from 1929 to 1944, and by the philosopher Moritz Schlick, who habilitated in 1911, lectured until 1921 and later founded the Vienna Circle.物理学界的名录包括 1886 至 1889 年在此攻读物理的古斯塔夫·米，1923 至 1927 年任理论物理教授的瓦尔特·肖特基，量子力学奠基人之一、1929 至 1944 年任物理教授的帕斯夸尔·约尔当，以及 1911 年取得执教资格、任教至 1921 年、后来创立维也纳学派的哲学家莫里茨·石里克。

• Politicians and jurists form another strand: Walter Hallstein, law professor from 1930 to 1941, became the first President of the European Commission, Eugen Gerstenmaier, promoted at the Faculty of Theology in 1935, later presided over the German Bundestag, Joachim Gauck studied theology until 1965 before becoming the 11th President of Germany and an honorary doctor of 1999, and Hans Apel, federal minister of finance and later of defence, held an honorary professorship of financial policy from 1993.政治人物与法学家构成另一条线索：1930 至 1941 年的法学教授瓦尔特·哈尔施泰因成为欧洲委员会首任主席，1935 年在神学院取得学位的欧根·格施特迈尔后来出任德国联邦议院议长，约阿希姆·高克 1965 年前在此读神学、后任德国第十一任总统并于 1999 年获荣誉博士，曾任联邦财政部长与国防部长的汉斯·阿佩尔自 1993 年起任金融政策荣誉教授。

• Literary life ran through the university as well, from the Low German poet John Brinckman, who read law from 1834 to 1838, to Uwe Johnson, who studied German language and literature from 1952 to 1956, to Walter Kempowski, honorary professor of contemporary German literature and cultural history from 2003, and the Chilean poet Gonzalo Rojas, who held a professorship from 1973 to 1975.文学传统亦贯穿该校：从 1834 至 1838 年读法律的低地德语诗人约翰·布林克曼，到 1952 至 1956 年攻读德语语言文学的乌韦·约恩松，再到 2003 年起任当代德国文学与文化史荣誉教授的瓦尔特·肯波夫斯基，以及 1973 至 1975 年在校任教的智利诗人冈萨洛·罗哈斯。

• Other names bound to the university include the philosopher Rudolf Steiner, who took his doctorate in philosophy in 1891, the classical philologist Kurt von Fritz, professor of Greek studies from 1933 to 1935, and the eye specialists Rudolf Berlin and Hermann Roesler, both of whom served as dean and then as rector in the 1890s, while the Catalogus Professorum Rostochiensium continues to document every holder of a chair since 1419.其他与该校相关的名字还包括 1891 年获哲学博士学位的哲学家鲁道夫·施泰纳，1933 至 1935 年任古希腊语文教授的古典语文学家库尔特·冯·弗里茨，以及两位先后担任院长与校长的眼科专家鲁道夫·柏林与赫尔曼·雷斯勒，而《罗斯托克教授名录》仍在持续记录 1419 年以来每一位讲席担任者。