University of Poitiers

The University of Poitiers (French: Université de Poitiers) is a public multidisciplinary university in Poitiers, in the Vienne department of western France, and one of the oldest universities in Europe.普瓦捷大学（法文：Université de Poitiers）是法国西部维埃纳省普瓦捷市的一所公立综合性大学，也是欧洲历史最悠久的大学之一。

Founded in 1431 by a papal bull of Eugene IV and chartered by King Charles VII, it was suppressed during the French Revolution, reopened in 1796 and was reorganised as a modern university in 1896.该校于 1431 年由教皇尤金四世颁诏创办并获国王查理七世特许，法国大革命期间被撤销，1796 年重新开办，1896 年改组为现代大学。

In the QS World University Rankings 2027 it sits in the 1201-1400 band, the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 place it in the 1401-1600 band, U.S. News ranks it 1,013th for 2026-2027 and the 2026 Shanghai ranking places it in the 901-1000 band.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中该校位于第 1201-1400 区间，2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将其列入第 1401-1600 区间，2026-2027 年度 U.S. News 排名第 1,013 位，2026 年软科排名则将其列入第 901-1000 区间。

History

• The university was founded in 1431, when Pope Eugene IV issued a bull establishing a studium generale in Poitiers and King Charles VII granted the charter that gave it legal standing.1431 年，教皇尤金四世颁布诏书在普瓦捷设立大学堂，国王查理七世随即授予特许状，使该校获得法律地位。
• Poitiers had remained loyal to the Valois crown during the Hundred Years' War, and the new university was intended to reward the city and to strengthen royal administration in the region.百年战争期间普瓦捷始终效忠瓦卢瓦王朝，新大学的设立既是对这座城市的嘉奖，也意在加强王室在该地区的行政能力。
• The foundation comprised five faculties, theology, canon law, civil law, medicine and arts, reproducing the full structure of a medieval French university.建校之初设神学、教会法、民法、医学与艺术五个学院，完整复制了中世纪法国大学的学科结构。
• In the sixteenth century the university counted around 4,000 students and was regarded as second only to Paris among French universities, a reputation reflected in its attraction for humanist scholars.十六世纪时该校约有 4,000 名学生，被视为仅次于巴黎大学的法国高等学府，这一声誉吸引了大批人文主义学者。
• René Descartes studied law at Poitiers and received his degree in 1616, before turning to philosophy and mathematics and later formulating Cartesian dualism.勒内·笛卡尔在普瓦捷学习法律并于 1616 年取得学位，此后转向哲学与数学，后来提出笛卡尔二元论。
• François Rabelais, Joachim du Bellay, Pierre de Ronsard and the mathematician François Viète all studied at Poitiers in the sixteenth century, making the university a nursery of the French Renaissance.弗朗索瓦·拉伯雷、约阿希姆·杜·贝莱、皮埃尔·德·龙萨与数学家弗朗索瓦·韦达都曾在十六世纪就读于普瓦捷，使该校成为法国文艺复兴的摇篮之一。
• The revolutionary Convention abolished the provincial universities in 1793, and Poitiers closed its faculties, interrupting an academic tradition of more than three and a half centuries.革命时期的国民公会于 1793 年撤销外省大学，普瓦捷各学院随之关闭，中断了延续三个半世纪的学术传统。
• The university reopened in 1796 as a regrouping of several schools, with new faculties of science and letters added to the older legal and medical teaching.1796 年该校以多所学校合并的形式重新开办，在原有的法律与医学教学之外增设理学院与文学院。
• A faculty of law was re-established in the early nineteenth century under Napoleon's reform of legal education, and it became the nucleus of the later university.十九世纪初，在拿破仑改革法学教育的背景下，普瓦捷重建法学院，该院后来成为整所大学的核心。
• The law of 10 July 1896 created the modern French university system, and the University of Poitiers was formally reconstituted that year with its faculties reunited under a single administration.1896 年 7 月 10 日的法律创建了现代法国大学体系，普瓦捷大学于同年正式重组，各学院归入统一管理。
• After the Second World War the university expanded rapidly to serve the baby-boom generation, and new campuses were opened outside the historic centre from the 1960s onwards.第二次世界大战后，该校为服务婴儿潮一代迅速扩张，自二十世纪六十年代起在历史城区之外陆续启用新校区。
• The Faure law of 1968 replaced the old faculties with teaching and research units, and Poitiers reorganised its disciplines into the UFR structure that still governs its academic life.1968 年富尔法以教学与研究单位取代旧有学院，普瓦捷据此将各学科重组为沿用至今的 UFR 架构。
• The École nationale supérieure d'ingénieurs de Poitiers (ENSIP) was created in 1984 from the earlier Institut des sciences et techniques de Poitiers, adding engineering to the university's portfolio.普瓦捷国立高等工程师学院（ENSIP）于 1984 年在原有的普瓦捷科学技术学院基础上成立，为该校增添了工程师教育。
• In 2005 the university opened the first Confucius Institute in France, in cooperation with Nanchang University and Jiujiang University, and it was the second such institute in Europe.2005 年，该校与南昌大学、九江学院合作创办法国第一所孔子学院，也是欧洲第二所孔子学院。
• On 1 January 2010 Poitiers took full responsibility for its budget and payroll, becoming one of the first French universities to exercise the extended competences introduced by the 2007 reform.2010 年 1 月 1 日，该校全面接管预算与工资管理，成为法国最早行使 2007 年改革所赋予扩展权限的大学之一。
• In late 2011 the university adopted a new logo based on its historic coat of arms, chosen in a consultation in which more than 9,000 students and staff took part.2011 年底，该校启用依据历史纹章设计的新校标，这一方案由逾 9,000 名师生参与的投票选出。
• In 2012 the university launched a blogging platform on which its researchers comment on current affairs, under the slogan 'the word of the experts'.2012 年，该校推出博客平台，由研究人员就时事发表评论，口号为「专家之言」。
• In 2019 Poitiers became the coordinating university of EC2U, the European Campus of City-Universities alliance created in the first wave of the European Universities Initiative.2019 年，普瓦捷成为「欧洲城市大学校园联盟」（EC2U）的协调高校，该联盟是在「欧洲大学倡议」首批遴选中成立的。
• EC2U links Poitiers with the universities of Coimbra, Iași, Jena, Pavia, Salamanca and Turku, creating joint programmes and student mobility across seven European cities.EC2U 将普瓦捷与科英布拉、雅西、耶拿、帕维亚、萨拉曼卡及图尔库等大学连接起来，在七座欧洲城市之间开展联合项目与学生流动。
• The university marked its 590th anniversary in 2021 with a programme of exhibitions, lectures and ceremonies recalling its foundation in 1431 and its survival through revolution and war.2021 年，该校举办展览、讲座与典礼纪念建校 590 周年，回顾其 1431 年创办以及历经革命与战争而延续的历史。

Academics

• The university is organised into fourteen teaching and research units, including seven UFRs, one engineering school, two university institutes of technology and four specialised institutes.该校由十四个教学与研究单位组成，包括七个教研单位、一所工程师学院、两所大学技术学院以及四个专门学院。
• The seven UFRs cover law and social sciences, economics, basic and applied sciences, literature and languages, human sciences and arts, sports sciences, and medicine and pharmacy.七个教研单位分别涵盖法律与社会科学、经济学、基础与应用科学、文学与语言、人文科学与艺术、体育科学，以及医学与药学。
• The UFR de Droit et Sciences Sociales continues the faculty founded in 1431 and teaches public law, private law, political science and social sciences in the historic Hôtel Fumé.法律与社会科学教研单位延续 1431 年创办的法学院，在历史建筑菲梅府教授公法、私法、政治学与社会科学。
• The UFR de Médecine et de Pharmacie trains doctors, pharmacists and health professionals in partnership with the Poitiers University Hospital, one of the largest employers in the region.医学与药学教研单位与普瓦捷大学医院合作培养医生、药师与卫生专业人员，该医院是地区最大的雇主之一。
• ENSIP, the university's engineering school, offers programmes in energy, materials, civil engineering, geosciences and industrial engineering, and recruits through the national engineering school competition.该校工程师学院 ENSIP 开设能源、材料、土木工程、地球科学与工业工程等专业，并通过全国工程师学院竞考招生。
• The IAE Poitiers, the university's business school, is based at the Futuroscope campus and offers management degrees at bachelor and master level, including programmes taught partly in English.普瓦捷企业管理学院（IAE Poitiers）设于未来影视城校区，开设本科与硕士管理学位，其中包括部分以英语授课的项目。
• The IUT de Poitiers and the IUT d'Angoulême deliver two-year university technology diplomas in industrial, commercial and service fields, with strong links to local employers.普瓦捷大学技术学院与昂古莱姆大学技术学院开设工业、商业与服务领域为期两年的大学技术文凭课程，与当地雇主联系紧密。
• The Institut de Communication et des Nouvelles Technologies (ICOMTEC), the Institut de Préparation à l'Administration Générale (IPAG) and the Institut des Risques Industriels, Assurantiels et Financiers (IRIAF) complete the university's specialised offer.通信与新技术学院（ICOMTEC）、一般行政预科学院（IPAG）以及工业、保险与金融风险学院（IRIAF）构成该校专门教育体系的其余部分。
• Research at Poitiers is conducted in about 54 laboratories and institutes, many of them joint units with the CNRS, INSERM or INRAE.普瓦捷的科研工作分布于约 54 个实验室与研究机构，其中许多是与法国国家科研中心、国家健康与医学研究院或国家农业食品与环境研究院共建的联合单位。
• The Institut Pprime, a joint CNRS laboratory in physics and mechanics, is one of the largest research units in France and works on aerodynamics, combustion, materials and energy.普里姆研究所（Institut Pprime）是法国国家科研中心与该校共建的物理与力学实验室，也是法国规模最大的研究单位之一，研究空气动力学、燃烧、材料与能源。
• The Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP) is a joint chemistry laboratory studying catalysis, water treatment, geochemistry and sustainable materials.普瓦捷环境与材料化学研究所（IC2MP）是联合化学实验室，研究催化、水处理、地球化学与可持续材料。
• The Laboratoire d'Informatique et d'Automatique pour les Systèmes (LIAS) specialises in automation, computer engineering and embedded systems, and works with the French aerospace and transport industries.系统信息与自动化实验室（LIAS）专攻自动化、计算机工程与嵌入式系统，并与法国航空航天及交通运输产业合作。
• The Centre d'Études sur la Coopération Juridique Internationale (CECOJI) is a CNRS joint unit that researches comparative law, international law and the circulation of legal models.国际法律合作研究中心（CECOJI）是法国国家科研中心联合单位，研究比较法、国际法与法律模式的传播。
• As of 2025 the university enrols more than 23,000 students and employs about 3,000 people, including 1,400 teachers and researchers and 800 administrative and technical staff.截至 2025 年，该校注册学生逾 23,000 人，雇用约 3,000 名员工，其中包括 1,400 名教师与研究人员以及 800 名行政技术人员。
• About 4,000 of its students come from 136 countries, making up roughly 17 per cent of the student body, a proportion above the French national average.该校约有 4,000 名学生来自 136 个国家，约占学生总数的 17%，这一比例高于法国全国平均水平。
• The university awards more than 220 national diplomas and 130 university diplomas, covering law, economics, science, literature, languages, health and sport.该校可颁发 220 多种国家文凭与 130 种大学文凭，覆盖法律、经济、科学、文学、语言、健康与体育等领域。
• Its annual operating budget is around 150 million euros, one third of which covers operating and investment costs and two thirds personnel costs.该校年度运行预算约为 1.5 亿欧元，其中三分之一用于运行与投资支出，三分之二用于人员支出。
• The Confucius Institute founded in 2005 teaches Chinese language and culture and supports academic exchange with Chinese universities, particularly Nanchang University and Jiujiang University.2005 年创办的孔子学院教授汉语与中国文化，并支持该校与中国高校、尤其是南昌大学与九江学院的学术交流。
• The university library network spans the campuses and holds collections in law, humanities, science and medicine, while the Poitiers municipal library next to the campus adds a major historic collection.该校图书馆网络分布各校区，收藏法律、人文、科学与医学文献，校园旁的普瓦捷市立图书馆则提供重要的历史馆藏。

Campus

• The main campus covers about 25 hectares north of the city centre and brings together most of the UFRs, the central library, student residences and sports facilities.主校区位于市中心以北，占地约 25 公顷，汇集了大部分教研单位、中央图书馆、学生宿舍与体育设施。
• The law faculty occupies the Hôtel Fumé, a Renaissance townhouse in the historic centre, which places legal teaching a few minutes' walk from the Palais de Justice.法学院设在历史城区的文艺复兴宅邸菲梅府，使法律教学地点距普瓦捷法院仅数分钟步行路程。
• The presidency and central administration are housed in the Hôtel Pinet on rue de l'Hôtel-Dieu, a historic building that also serves as the university's reception address.校务委员会与中央行政机构设于主宫医院街的皮内府，这座历史建筑同时也是该校的接待地址。
• The Futuroscope campus, near the theme park of the same name, hosts the IAE business school and continuing education, and is linked to the city by bus and rail.未来影视城校区毗邻同名主题公园，容纳企业管理学院与继续教育，并通过公交与铁路与市区相连。
• The university also operates campuses in Niort, Châtellerault and Angoulême, extending its teaching across the former Poitou-Charentes region.该校还在尼奥尔、沙泰勒罗与昂古莱姆设有校区，把教学延伸至原普瓦图-夏朗特大区。
• The central library and the Maison des Étudiants form the social core of the main campus, alongside CROUS restaurants and residences used by several thousand students.中央图书馆与学生之家构成主校区的社交核心，周围还有供数千名学生使用的 CROUS 餐厅与宿舍。
• Poitiers is about 1 hour 20 minutes from Paris by TGV, and the campus is close to the A10 motorway, giving students easy access to the capital and the Atlantic coast.普瓦捷乘高铁约 1 小时 20 分钟可达巴黎，校区邻近 A10 高速公路，使学生便于前往首都与大西洋沿岸。
• The Jardin des Plantes and the banks of the Clain river border the campus area, providing green space for study and recreation between the teaching buildings.植物园与克兰河岸环绕校区，在教学楼之间提供用于学习与休闲的绿地。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 the University of Poitiers is placed in the 1201-1400 band, a shared interval covering several institutions.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，普瓦捷大学位于第 1201-1400 区间，该区间为多所高校共享的并列名次。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 place it in the 1401-1600 band, its position in the current THE table.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将该校列入第 1401-1600 区间，这是其在当前 THE 榜单中的位置。
• U.S. News ranks the university 1,013th in its 2026-2027 Best Global Universities list, its strongest position among the four major global rankings.在 2026-2027 年度 U.S. News 全球最佳大学榜单中，该校位列第 1,013 位，这是其在四大全球主榜中的最好名次。
• The 2026 Shanghai Academic Ranking of World Universities places Poitiers in the 901-1000 band, keeping it inside the global top thousand.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名将普瓦捷列入第 901-1000 区间，使其保持在全球前一千名之内。
• OpenAlex records 55,874 works and 1,984,843 citations associated with the university, underlining its substantial research output in physics, chemistry, law and health.OpenAlex 记录该校相关成果 55,874 项、引用 1,984,843 次，凸显其在物理、化学、法律与健康领域的可观科研产出。
• Poitiers is a member of the Coimbra Group, the association of long-established European universities that includes Heidelberg, Göttingen, Bologna and Salamanca, and it also belongs to the European University Association and the Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie.普瓦捷是科英布拉集团成员，这一欧洲历史悠久的大学联盟还包括海德堡、哥廷根、博洛尼亚与萨拉曼卡等校；该校同时加入欧洲大学协会与法语国家大学协会。
• The university coordinates EC2U, the European Campus of City-Universities alliance launched in 2019 with six partner universities and their home cities.该校协调 2019 年启动的「欧洲城市大学校园联盟」EC2U，联盟由六所伙伴大学及其所在城市组成。
• In the 2024 L'Étudiant ranking of undergraduate success, Poitiers placed sixth among French public universities, reflecting its record on student progression.在 2024 年《学生》杂志的本科成功率排名中，普瓦捷在法国公立大学中位列第六，反映其在学生升学方面的表现。
• Its historical reputation as the second university of the kingdom after Paris in the sixteenth century remains a reference point in French higher education history.该校在十六世纪作为王国境内仅次于巴黎的第二所大学的声誉，至今仍是法国高等教育史研究中的参照点。
• Poitiers has one of the highest student-to-inhabitant ratios in France, with university students forming a large share of the city's population.普瓦捷是法国学生与居民比例最高的城市之一，大学生占城市人口的很大比重。

Student life

• The university has no formal motto in common use, and its identity is carried by the date 1431, its coat of arms and the student folklore of the Bitards.该校没有广泛使用的正式校训，其身份认同由 1431 年这一建校年份、校徽以及比塔尔学生民俗共同承载。
• The Bitards, the university's best-known student association, maintain a repertoire of songs, costumes and rituals that parody academic life and are performed at student gatherings.比塔尔是该校最著名的学生社团，保存着一套戏仿学术生活的歌曲、服装与仪式，常在学生聚会上表演。
• The Confucius Institute, opened in 2005 as the first in France, organises Chinese language courses, calligraphy workshops and cultural evenings open to students and the public.2005 年创办的孔子学院是法国第一所孔子学院，开设汉语课程、书法工作坊与文化晚会，向学生与公众开放。
• The university sports service offers swimming, athletics, team sports, climbing and outdoor activities, and Poitiers has a municipal Olympic swimming pool near the campus.该校体育服务机构提供游泳、田径、团队运动、攀岩与户外活动，普瓦捷市在校园附近设有奥林匹克游泳池。
• Students live in CROUS residences and private flats in the city centre, and the university's student houses organise welcome weeks, concerts and cinema evenings.学生住在市中心的 CROUS 宿舍与私人公寓，该校的学生之家组织迎新周、音乐会与电影晚会。
• Each 21 June the Fête de la Musique, launched in France in 1982, fills the streets of Poitiers with free concerts in which student bands regularly perform.每年 6 月 21 日的音乐节自 1982 年在法国创办以来，让普瓦捷街头充满免费音乐会，学生乐队经常登台演出。
• The Futuroscope theme park, opened in 1987 near the university's satellite campus, provides internships and leisure opportunities for students in communication, tourism and image technology.1987 年开放的未来影视城主题公园毗邻该校卫星校区，为传播、旅游与影像技术专业的学生提供实习与休闲机会。
• With about a quarter of the city's population studying or working in higher education, student life spills from the campus into the cafés, bookshops and cinemas of the historic centre.由于全市约四分之一的人口在高等院校学习或工作，学生生活从校园延伸至历史城区的咖啡馆、书店与电影院。

Notable people

• Pope Eugene IV founded the university by bull in 1431, extending the patronage of the papacy to a city that had remained loyal to the French crown during the Hundred Years' War.教皇尤金四世于 1431 年颁诏创办该校，把教廷的庇护延伸至这座在百年战争中始终效忠法国王冠的城市。
• King Charles VII chartered the university in 1431 and granted it privileges that placed it under royal protection, a status confirmed by later French monarchs.国王查理七世于 1431 年为该校颁发特许状并授予特权，使其处于王室保护之下，这一地位为后来的法国君主所确认。
• René Descartes, the philosopher and mathematician, took his law degree at Poitiers in 1616 and later developed the Cartesian method and coordinate geometry.哲学家兼数学家勒内·笛卡尔于 1616 年在普瓦捷取得法律学位，后来提出笛卡尔方法与解析几何。
• François Rabelais, the Renaissance writer and physician, studied at Poitiers before the publication of Gargantua and Pantagruel made him a founder of the modern French novel.文艺复兴作家兼医生弗朗索瓦·拉伯雷曾就读于普瓦捷，其《巨人传》的出版使他成为现代法国小说的奠基人之一。
• Joachim du Bellay, poet of the Pléiade and author of the Défense et illustration de la langue française, studied at Poitiers in the 1540s.七星诗社诗人、《保卫与发扬法兰西语言》的作者约阿希姆·杜·贝莱于十六世纪四十年代就读于普瓦捷。
• Pierre de Ronsard, the leading poet of the Pléiade, also studied at Poitiers, where he formed part of the humanist circle around the university.七星诗社领袖诗人皮埃尔·德·龙萨同样在普瓦捷求学，并加入了围绕该校的人文主义圈子。
• François Viète, the mathematician who introduced algebraic notation and worked on the solution of equations, studied law at Poitiers before turning to mathematics.引入代数符号并研究方程求解的数学家弗朗索瓦·韦达在转向数学之前，曾在普瓦捷学习法律。
• Emmanuel Levinas, the Lithuanian-born French philosopher of ethics and the Other, taught at Poitiers in the 1960s before professorships at Nanterre and later at Sorbonne University.立陶宛裔法国伦理学家、「他者」哲学家埃马纽埃尔·列维纳斯于二十世纪六十年代在普瓦捷任教，后转往楠泰尔并最终在索邦大学任教。
• Michel Brunet, the palaeontologist who discovered Sahelanthropus tchadensis in Chad in 2001, is a professor at Poitiers and a leading figure in the study of human origins.2001 年在乍得发现乍得沙赫人化石的古生物学家米歇尔·布吕内是普瓦捷大学教授，也是人类起源研究的领军人物。
• Joaquim Chissano, President of Mozambique from 1986 to 2005, studied at Poitiers, where he was part of a generation of Lusophone African students trained in France.1986 至 2005 年担任莫桑比克总统的若阿金·希萨诺曾在普瓦捷求学，属于在法国接受教育的葡语非洲学生一代。
• Pascoal Mocumbi, Prime Minister of Mozambique from 1994 to 2004, trained as a physician at Poitiers and later combined medicine with politics in his home country.1994 至 2004 年担任莫桑比克总理的帕斯库阿尔·莫昆比在普瓦捷接受医学训练，后来在祖国把医学与政治结合。
• Henri Konan Bédié, President of Ivory Coast from 1993 to 1999, studied law and economics in Poitiers before entering the Ivorian administration and later the presidency.1993 至 1999 年担任科特迪瓦总统的亨利·科南·贝迪埃在普瓦捷学习法律与经济学，之后进入科特迪瓦行政机构并最终出任总统。
• Samir Amin, the Egyptian-French political economist known for dependency theory and the concept of delinking, was a student and later a teacher at Poitiers.以依附理论与「脱钩」概念闻名的埃及裔法国政治经济学家萨米尔·阿明曾在普瓦捷求学，后来也在该校任教。
• Jean Foyer, French Minister of Justice from 1962 to 1967 and a principal architect of the Fifth Republic's civil law reforms, was a professor at Poitiers.1962 至 1967 年担任法国司法部长的让·富瓦耶是第五共和国民法改革的主要设计者之一，曾任普瓦捷大学教授。