University of Minho

The University of Minho (Portuguese: Universidade do Minho, abbreviated UMinho) is a public university in northern Portugal, with its campuses and schools located in the neighbouring cities of Braga and Guimarães, in the historic Minho Province.米尼奥大学（葡萄牙语：Universidade do Minho，简称 UMinho）是葡萄牙北部的一所公立大学，其校区与各学院分布在相邻的布拉加与基马拉斯两座城市，地处历史悠久的米尼奥省。

Founded in 1973 as one of Portugal's so-called "New Universities" that reshaped national higher education, and beginning teaching in 1975, it has grown into one of the country's largest and most research-intensive universities, part of a national drive to widen access beyond Lisbon, Porto and Coimbra.该校于 1973 年作为葡萄牙所谓「新大学」之一创办，这类大学重塑了葡萄牙的高等教育格局；它于 1975 年开始授课，如今已发展为该国规模最大、研究最密集的大学之一，也是将高等教育机会拓展至里斯本、波尔图与科英布拉之外的国家努力的一部分。

In the QS World University Rankings 2027 Minho is placed 572nd globally, and it enrols about 21,000 students across twelve organic teaching and research units spread over its Braga and Guimarães campuses.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，米尼奥大学位列全球第 572 位；该校在布拉加与基马拉斯两地的校区间设有 12 个教学与科研单位，在校生约 21,000 人。

History

• On 14 April 1970 the deputy Miller Guerra spoke in Portugal's National Assembly in favour of creating new universities, opening the political debate that eventually produced the University of Minho.1970 年 4 月 14 日，议员米勒·格拉（Miller Guerra）在葡萄牙国民议会发言，主张创办新的大学，由此开启了最终促成米尼奥大学的政治讨论。
• On 11 August 1973 the University of Minho was created by Decree-Law No. 402/73 of the Minister of National Education, José Veiga Simão, together with the universities of Aveiro and Nova de Lisboa and the University Institute of Évora.1973 年 8 月 11 日，米尼奥大学依据国民教育部长若泽·维加·西芒（José Veiga Simão）签署的第 402/73 号法令创办，同时创办的还有阿威罗大学、新里斯本大学与埃武拉大学学院。
• On 17 February 1974 the installation commission of the university took office at the medieval hall of the old Archbishop's Palace in Braga, and Carlos Lloyd Braga was installed as its first rector.1974 年 2 月 17 日，该校筹建委员会在布拉加旧总主教宫的中世纪大厅就职，卡洛斯·劳埃德·布拉加（Carlos Lloyd Braga）出任首任校长。
• The Carnation Revolution of 25 April 1974 and the democratisation that followed shaped the university's early development during a period of rapid political and social change in Portugal.1974 年 4 月 25 日的康乃馨革命及其后的民主化进程，在葡萄牙政治与社会急剧变革的时期塑造了该校的早期发展。
• Teaching began in the 1975 academic year with courses in teacher training, modern languages and engineering, initially spread across temporary premises such as the pedagogical complex on Rua D. Pedro V in Braga.1975 学年开始授课，最初开设师资培训、现代语言与工程等课程，教学场地分散于布拉加佩德罗五世街的教学综合体等临时校舍。
• In 1976 the university approved its provisional internal regulation, creating scientific-pedagogical units for exact and natural sciences, engineering, letters and arts, social sciences and education sciences.1976 年，该校通过临时内部章程，设立精确与自然科学、工程、文学与艺术、社会科学以及教育科学等科教单位。
• These units later gave rise to today's School of Sciences, School of Engineering, School of Arts and Humanities, School of Economics and Management, Institute of Social Sciences and Institute of Education.这些单位后来演变为如今的理学院、工程学院、艺术与人文学院、经济与管理学院、社会科学研究所与教育研究所。
• In 1976 the government reached a final decision to locate the University of Minho on two poles, one in Braga and one in Guimarães, giving the institution its lasting two-city structure.1976 年，政府最终决定将米尼奥大学布局于布拉加与基马拉斯两个极点，奠定了该校长期的双城结构。
• Joaquim Barbosa Romero became rector in 1980, followed by Lúcio Craveiro da Silva in 1981 and by João de Deus Pinheiro in 1984.若阿金·巴博萨·罗梅罗（Joaquim Barbosa Romero）于 1980 年出任校长，其后卢西奥·克拉维罗·达席尔瓦（Lúcio Craveiro da Silva）于 1981 年、若昂·德·德乌斯·皮涅罗（João de Deus Pinheiro）于 1984 年相继就任。
• Sérgio Machado dos Santos became rector in 1985, the same year the first stone of the Azurém campus in Guimarães was laid.塞尔吉奥·马沙多·多斯桑托斯（Sérgio Machado dos Santos）于 1985 年出任校长，同年基马拉斯阿祖伦校区奠基。
• In 1986 the first stone of the Gualtar campus in Braga was laid, establishing the two main campuses around which the university would grow.1986 年，布拉加瓜尔塔校区奠基，由此确立了该校日后赖以发展的两个主要校区。
• In 1989 the Statutes of the University of Minho were officially approved, formalising its governance and its academic structure.1989 年，米尼奥大学章程获得正式批准，使其治理与学术结构得以确立。
• Licínio Chainho Pereira became rector in 1998, and António Guimarães Rodrigues took office in 2002, continuing the university's expansion.利西尼奥·沙因纽·佩雷拉（Licínio Chainho Pereira）于 1998 年出任校长，安东尼奥·吉马良斯·罗德里格斯（António Guimarães Rodrigues）于 2002 年就任，延续了该校的扩张。
• In 2004 the School of Nursing, originally created in 1911, was integrated into the University of Minho, extending its provision in the health sciences.2004 年，原创建于 1911 年的护理学校并入米尼奥大学，扩展了该校的健康科学教育。
• In 2006 the university implemented the Bologna Process, reorganising its degree programmes into the bachelor's, master's and doctoral cycles used across Europe.2006 年，该校实施博洛尼亚进程，将其学位项目重组为通行欧洲的学士、硕士与博士三个阶段。
• In 2008 new Statutes were approved and the School of Psychology was created, adding a further unit to the university's growing academic structure.2008 年，新章程获批，心理学学院成立，为该校不断壮大的学术结构再添一个单位。
• António Cunha served as rector from 2009 to 2017, when Rui Vieira de Castro took office and led the university until 2025.安东尼奥·库尼亚（António Cunha）于 2009 至 2017 年任校长，其后鲁伊·维埃拉·德卡斯特罗（Rui Vieira de Castro）接任并领导该校直至 2025 年。
• On 13 January 2016 the University of Minho adopted the status of a public foundation under private law, changing its financial, patrimonial and personnel management while guaranteeing existing staff rights.2016 年 1 月 13 日，米尼奥大学采用受私法规范的公共基金会地位，改变了其财务、资产与人事管理方式，同时保障现有教职员的权益。
• In 2024 the university began celebrating its fiftieth anniversary, with commemorative events extending until February 2025.2024 年，该校开始庆祝建校五十周年，纪念活动延续至 2025 年 2 月。
• In October 2025 Pedro Arezes, who had directed the School of Engineering and the MIT Portugal programme, was elected rector and took office in December 2025.2025 年 10 月，曾主管工程学院与 MIT Portugal 计划的佩德罗·阿雷泽斯（Pedro Arezes）获选为校长，并于 2025 年 12 月就任。

Academics

• The University of Minho's teaching and research is organised into twelve organic units, comprising several schools and institutes supported by around 31 departments.米尼奥大学的教学与研究由 12 个组织单位承担，包括若干学院与研究所，下设约 31 个系。
• These units are the School of Architecture, Art and Design, the School of Sciences, the School of Engineering, the School of Arts and Humanities, the School of Economics and Management, the School of Law, the School of Medicine, the School of Nursing and the School of Psychology.这些单位包括建筑艺术与设计学院、理学院、工程学院、艺术与人文学院、经济与管理学院、法学院、医学院、护理学院与心理学学院。
• They also include the Institute of Education, the Institute of Social Sciences and the Institute for Research in Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, known as I3Bs.此外还包括教育研究所、社会科学研究所，以及名为 I3Bs 的生物材料、可生物降解与生物仿生研究所。
• The university enrols about 21,000 students, of whom roughly 42 percent are postgraduate students, and employs over 1,700 academic staff together with several hundred administrative employees.该校在校生约 21,000 人，其中约 42% 为研究生；学校聘有 1,700 余名学术人员以及数百名行政职员。
• Research units affiliated with the university include centres in biology and environment, physics, mathematics, chemistry, life and health sciences, social sciences, education, engineering and law.隶属于该校的研究单位涵盖生物学与环境、物理学、数学、化学、生命与健康科学、社会科学、教育、工程以及法学等领域的中心。
• The I3Bs research institute, a leading Portuguese biomaterials group, is coordinated by Rui L. Reis, a highly cited researcher in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.I3Bs 研究所是葡萄牙领先的生物材料研究团队，由组织工程与再生医学领域的高被引研究者鲁伊·L·雷斯（Rui L. Reis）主持。
• The School of Medicine, whose president is the clinical neuroscientist Nuno Sousa, has become a centre of biomedical research within the university.主席为临床神经科学家努诺·索萨（Nuno Sousa）的医学院，已成为该校生物医学研究的中心。
• Teaching at Minho is supported by the Doctoral College UMinho, academic libraries, the IDEA-UMinho education centre and a range of student learning-support services.米尼奥大学的教学由 UMinho 博士生院、学术图书馆、IDEA-UMinho 教育中心以及一系列学生学习支持服务提供支持。
• For the 2026/27 academic year the university plans to introduce five dual degrees in economics, management and international business, as well as in physics and chemistry and in mathematics and physics.2026/27 学年，该校计划开设五个双学位项目，涵盖经济学、管理与国际商务，以及物理与化学、数学与物理。
• This move makes Minho the first Portuguese public university to offer such dual licenciatura degrees, combining two fields of study within a single programme.此举使米尼奥大学成为葡萄牙首家开设此类双学士学位、将两个学习领域结合于同一项目的公立大学。
• Through UMinho Editora and its open-science programme, the university publishes books and journals and promotes open access to research data and publications.该校通过 UMinho 出版社及其开放科学计划出版图书与期刊，并推动研究数据与出版物的开放获取。
• The university operates an Observatory for Employability, which publishes reports tracking the employment outcomes of its graduates by course.该校设有就业能力观察机构，定期发布按课程追踪毕业生就业状况的报告。
• OpenAlex attributes 71,240 research works with 4,050,107 citations to the University of Minho, reflecting its substantial and widely cited research output.OpenAlex 为米尼奥大学收录 71,240 篇研究成果、被引 4,050,107 次，反映其可观且被广泛引用的研究产出。
• The university is widely cited in national and European research assessments for the high citation impact of its published papers, particularly in engineering and the life sciences.该校因其论文的高被引影响力在葡萄牙与欧洲的研究评估中广受援引，尤其在工程与生命科学领域。
• The European University Association has called Minho one of the best examples in Europe of the implementation of the Bologna structure, praising its teaching and learning quality.欧洲大学协会曾称米尼奥大学是欧洲实施博洛尼亚结构的最佳范例之一，并赞扬其教学质量。
• The university's academic year and degrees are delivered in both Portuguese and English, especially at master's and doctoral level, to serve a growing body of international students.该校的学年与学位教学以葡萄牙语与英语双语进行，尤以硕士与博士阶段为甚，以服务日益增多的国际学生。
• In the 2017 Shanghai ranking the University of Minho stood in the 401-500 band and fifth among Portuguese universities, behind Lisbon University, Porto University, Aveiro University and Coimbra University.在 2017 年上海排名中，米尼奥大学处于 401 至 500 区间，位列葡萄牙大学第 5，排在里斯本大学、波尔图大学、阿威罗大学与科英布拉大学之后。
• The university's scientific output is supported by research units funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology and by collaborations with institutions in Spain and Morocco.该校的科研产出由葡萄牙科学技术基金会资助的研究单位，以及与西班牙、摩洛哥机构的合作提供支持。
• The Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering is one of the university's named research units, working on sustainable construction and structural engineering.「可持续与创新结构工程研究所」是该家具名的研究单位之一，致力于可持续建筑与结构工程研究。

Campus

• Minho's facilities are divided between two cities, Braga and Guimarães, and comprise the Gualtar campus in Braga, the Azurém and Couros campuses in Guimarães, and the historic Largo do Paço rectorate.米尼奥大学的设施分布在布拉加与基马拉斯两座城市，包括布拉加瓜尔塔校区、基马拉斯阿祖伦与科鲁什校区，以及位于历史建筑群中的拉尔戈·杜帕苏校部。
• The Largo do Paço in Braga, an old archbishop's palace, serves as the seat of the rectorate and of the university's central administration.布拉加的拉尔戈·杜帕苏原为总主教宫，现为该校校部与中央行政所在地。
• The Gualtar campus in Braga hosts the School of Sciences, parts of Engineering and Economics, libraries, sports facilities and student residences.布拉加瓜尔塔校区设有理学院、部分工程与经济学科，以及图书馆、体育设施与学生宿舍。
• The Couros campus in Guimarães lies in an area classified by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site, and combines academic buildings with the city's historic urban fabric.基马拉斯的科鲁什校区位于被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的区域，将教学建筑与城市的历史肌理融为一体。
• The university's Convento dos Congregados building in Braga provides further academic and administrative space in the city centre.该校位于布拉加的康格雷加多斯修道院建筑为市中心提供了更多的教学与行政空间。
• Libraries, canteens, accommodation and sports facilities are provided across the campuses, and the university publishes guides to living costs and accommodation for students.各校区均设有图书馆、食堂、住宿与体育设施，学校还为学生发布生活成本与住宿指南。
• The university's central contact address is Largo do Paço, 4704-553 Braga, in northern Portugal.该校的中央联络地址为葡萄牙北部布拉加 4704-553 拉尔戈·杜帕苏。
• Braga and Guimarães are historic northern Portuguese cities, and the university's two-city layout means students travel between them for different faculties and activities.布拉加与基马拉斯是葡萄牙北部的历史名城，该校的双城布局意味着学生需在不同学院与活动之间往返两地。
• The campus environments combine modern teaching and research buildings with historic monuments, monasteries and palaces that reflect the region's long academic and religious tradition.各校区环境将现代教学与研究建筑与历史古迹、修道院及宫殿相结合，体现了该地区悠久的学术与宗教传统。
• The university also maintains specialised facilities such as the Centre for Molecular and Environmental Biology and a supercomputer named Deucalion, one of Portugal's leading high-performance computing systems.该校还设有分子与环境生物学中心等专门设施，以及名为 Deucalion 的超级计算机，它是葡萄牙领先的高性能计算系统之一。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027, the University of Minho is placed 572nd in the world.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，米尼奥大学位列全球第 572 位。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 place Minho in the 601-650 band globally.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将米尼奥大学列入全球 601 至 650 区间。
• In the U.S. News Best Global Universities edition of 2026-2027 Minho is ranked 668th in the world.在 2026 至 2027 年版美国新闻最佳全球大学排名中，米尼奥大学位列世界第 668 位。^[1]
• The Academic Ranking of World Universities 2026 places Minho in the 801-900 band worldwide.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名将米尼奥大学列入全球 801 至 900 区间。
• In 2013 Times Higher Education listed Minho among the 100 best universities in the world under 50 years old, ranking it 76th, and in 2014 it rose to 75th.2013 年，泰晤士高等教育将米尼奥大学列入全球建校未满 50 年的百强大学，排名第 76，2014 年升至第 75。
• In the Times Higher Education World University Rankings of 2015 the university was ranked between 351 and 400 worldwide.在 2015 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中，该校位列全球 351 至 400 区间。
• In 2012 The Times placed the University of Minho among the 400 best universities in the world, underscoring its rapid rise among Portugal's younger institutions.2012 年《泰晤士报》将米尼奥大学列入世界最佳大学 400 强，凸显其在葡萄牙较年轻院校中的迅速崛起。
• On 15 December 2023 the university was awarded the rank of Honorary Member of the Order of Public Instruction, a Portuguese state honour recognising services to education.2023 年 12 月 15 日，该校获授葡萄牙公共教育勋章荣誉会员称号，这是表彰其在教育方面贡献的国家荣誉。
• OpenAlex records 4,050,107 citations to Minho's 71,240 research works, and the university is widely regarded for the citation impact of its published papers.OpenAlex 记录米尼奥大学的 71,240 篇研究成果共获 4,050,107 次引用，该校因论文的被引影响力而广受认可。
• The European University Association has praised Minho as a model for the implementation of the Bologna Process, reinforcing its reputation in European higher-education reform.欧洲大学协会赞扬米尼奥大学是实施博洛尼亚进程的典范，巩固了其在欧洲高等教育改革中的声誉。
• Founded in 1973, the university is among Portugal's youngest major universities, yet it consistently ranks within the top five to eight Portuguese institutions in global tables.该校创办于 1973 年，是葡萄牙较年轻的主要大学之一，却长期在全球榜单中稳居葡萄牙院校的前五至前八之列。
• The university's research performance places it consistently among Portugal's leading institutions in engineering, materials science and the life sciences in international subject rankings.该校的研究表现使其在工程、材料科学与生命科学领域长期稳居葡萄牙领先机构之列，并反映于国际学科排名中。

Student life

• The University of Minho has no formal Latin-style motto, but it maintains official symbols including a flag, a coat of arms and an anthem, together with a defined graphic identity.米尼奥大学没有正式的拉丁式校训，但保有包括校旗、校徽与校歌在内的官方象征，并有明确的视觉识别系统。
• The city of Braga has a centuries-old academic tradition of religious origin, and the university adopted its trajes académicos, or academic dress, as part of its identity.布拉加城拥有源自宗教、延续数百年的学术传统，该校将学术礼服（trajes académicos）纳入其身份认同之中。
• The Enterro da Gata, or "burial of the cat", is a traditional student festival held each year in Braga, marking the climax of the academic year.「Enterro da Gata」（埋葬猫）是每年在布拉加举行的传统学生节庆，标志着一个学年的高潮。
• Students also observe Primeiro de Dezembro, and the university's student unions, student groups and cultural groups organise activities across both campuses.学生也纪念十二月一日；该校的学生会、学生团体与文化社团在两个校区组织活动。
• Sport, music and cultural activities are supported across the Braga and Guimarães campuses, and the university runs its RUM campus radio service.布拉加与基马拉斯校区均支持体育、音乐与文化活动的开展，学校还运营校园电台 RUM。
• The university publishes NÓS, an online newspaper, and UMinho Magazine, keeping students and staff informed about campus life and research.该校出版网络报纸《NÓS》与《UMinho 杂志》，向学生与教职员通报校园生活与研究动态。
• Braga and Guimarães offer student housing, affordable food and cultural life, and the university provides guidance on the cost of living in both cities.布拉加与基马拉斯为学生提供住宿、平价饮食与文化生活，学校还就两城的生活成本提供指引。
• The university's alumni association, together with the AAUM students' union, keeps graduates connected to the institution and to one another.该校的校友会与 AAUM 学生会共同使毕业生与学校以及彼此之间保持联系。
• Because teaching is spread over two cities, many students organise their days around campus buses and trains between Braga and Guimarães.由于教学分布在两座城市，许多学生的日常安排围绕布拉加与基马拉斯之间的校园班车与火车展开。

Notable people

• Carlos Lloyd Braga served as the first rector of the University of Minho after being installed on 17 February 1974 by the installation commission in Braga.卡洛斯·劳埃德·布拉加于 1974 年 2 月 17 日在布拉加由筹建委员会任命，出任米尼奥大学首任校长。
• José Veiga Simão, the Minister of National Education, was the political figure who created the University of Minho by decree in 1973.国民教育部长若泽·维加·西芒是 1973 年以法令创办米尼奥大学的政界人物。
• João de Deus Pinheiro, rector from 1984, later became a Portuguese government minister and a European Commissioner.1984 年起任校长的若昂·德·德乌斯·皮涅罗后来成为葡萄牙政府部长与欧盟委员。
• Lúcio Craveiro da Silva, rector from 1981, was an influential figure in the university's formative years.1981 年起任校长的卢西奥·克拉维罗·达席尔瓦是该校形成时期的重要人物。
• Rui Vieira de Castro, a linguist, served as rector of the University of Minho from 2017 to 2025.语言学家鲁伊·维埃拉·德卡斯特罗自 2017 至 2025 年出任米尼奥大学校长。
• Pedro Arezes, an engineering professor who had directed the School of Engineering and the MIT Portugal programme, became rector in December 2025.曾主管工程学院与 MIT Portugal 计划的工程学教授佩德罗·阿雷泽斯于 2025 年 12 月出任校长。
• Rui L. Reis, a biomaterials scientist and director of the I3Bs institute, is among the university's most highly cited researchers in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.生物材料科学家、I3Bs 研究所所长鲁伊·L·雷斯是该大学在组织工程与再生医学领域被引最多的研究者之一。
• Nuno Sousa, a clinical neuroscientist and president of the School of Medicine, is a leading researcher in neuroscience and mental health.临床神经科学家、医学院主席努诺·索萨是神经科学与心理健康领域的领军研究者。
• Hélder Castro, an architect trained in Minho and president of the UMinho students' association in 2012, is a notable alumnus.在米尼奥大学攻读建筑的埃尔德·卡斯特罗，曾于 2012 年担任该校学生会主席，是知名校友。
• Nuno Moura, a graduate in communication studies, built a career in journalism and marketing, working for companies such as MTV and Nike.传播学毕业生努诺·莫拉在新闻与营销领域发展事业，曾供职于 MTV 与耐克等公司。
• António Costa Silva, an economist and later Portugal's Minister of Economy and the Sea, has been associated with university events and initiatives.经济学家、后任葡萄牙经济与海洋部长的安东尼奥·科斯塔·席尔瓦曾与该校的活动与计划有所关联。
• The university's graduates are spread across Portuguese industry, public administration and academia, with engineering, management and health graduates particularly sought after by employers.该校毕业生遍布葡萄牙的产业界、公共部门与学术界，其中工程、管理与健康类毕业生尤为雇主所青睐。