University of Milan

The University of Milan (Italian: Università degli Studi di Milano), officially abbreviated as UniMi and colloquially known as La Statale, is a public research university in Milan, Italy.米兰大学（University of Milan，意大利语：Università degli Studi di Milano）官方缩写为 UniMi，俗称「La Statale」，是位于意大利米兰的一所公立研究型大学。

One of the largest universities in Europe, it enrolled 64,878 students and employed 2,566 permanent teaching and research staff as of 2025.该校是欧洲规模最大的大学之一，截至 2025 年在校生 64,878 人，专任教学与研究人员 2,566 人。

It is placed joint 270th in the QS World University Rankings 2027, in the 351-375 band of the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027, 160th in the U.S. News Best Global Universities 2026-2027 and in the 201-300 band of the Shanghai ARWU 2026.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中并列第 270 位，2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名位列 351-375 区间，《美国新闻与世界报道》2026-2027 最佳全球大学排名第 160 位，2026 年软科世界大学学术排名位列 201-300 区间。

History

• The University of Milan was created in 1924 by merging two older institutions, the Accademia Scientifico-Letteraria, active since 1861, and the Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, established in 1906.米兰大学于 1924 年由两所更早的机构合并而成，即自 1861 年起运作的科学与文学学院，以及 1906 年成立的临床进修学院。
• The gynaecologist Luigi Mangiagalli drove the project, and the city of Milan granted land in 1913 for a university quarter named Città degli Studi, where construction began in 1915.妇科医生路易吉·曼贾加利推动这一计划，米兰市于 1913 年划拨土地兴建名为「学城」的大学区，1915 年动工。
• The founding decree was signed on 28 August 1924 by the education minister Giovanni Gentile, and Mangiagalli, then mayor of Milan, became the university's first rector.1924 年 8 月 28 日，教育大臣乔瓦尼·秦梯利签署建校法令，时任米兰市长的曼贾加利出任该校首任校长。
• It opened with four schools of Law, Humanities, Medicine and Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences, enrolling 1,419 students and rising to 1,965 by 1928-29, the fourth highest total in Italy after Naples, Sapienza and Padua.建校时设法学、人文、医学、数学物理与自然科学四个学院，首年招生 1,419 人，至 1928-29 学年增至 1,965 人，位居意大利第四，仅次于那不勒斯大学、罗马大学与帕多瓦大学。
• In the 1930s the School of Veterinary Medicine and the School of Agriculture were added, absorbing older schools of veterinary medicine founded in 1792 and agriculture founded in 1871.20 世纪 30 年代增设兽医学院与农学院，吸纳了 1792 年创办的兽医学院与 1871 年创办的农学院两所更早的学校。
• After the Second World War the Renaissance Ospedale Maggiore, known as the Ca' Granda, was assigned to the university after being damaged by the bombings of 1943, and in 1958 it became home to the Rector's Office and the Schools of Law and Humanities.第二次世界大战后，曾被 1943 年轰炸损毁的文艺复兴时期大医院（Ca' Granda）划归该校，1958 年成为校长办公室以及法学与人文学院的所在地。
• The Ca' Granda was designed by Filarete and commissioned in 1456 by Francesco I Sforza, Duke of Milan, as the main building of the Policlinico, and the street it faces is named after the Feast of Pardon celebrated since 1459.大医院由菲拉雷特设计，1456 年由米兰公爵弗朗切斯科一世·斯福尔扎委托建造，是综合医院的主体建筑，其所在街道以自 1459 年起庆祝的「赦罪节」命名。
• In the 1960s the extension of compulsory schooling and the liberalisation of university access pushed enrolment above 60,000, and the university broadened its courses and opened new centres.20 世纪 60 年代，义务教育延长与大学入学放宽使在校生超过 60,000 人，该校随之扩展课程并增设教学中心。
• The School of Pharmacy and the School of Social and Political Sciences were established in the 1960s, while a new complex for the biology departments in Città Studi was designed by the architect Vico Magistretti.药学院与社会科学与政治学院于 20 世纪 60 年代设立，学城内新的生物学系建筑群则由建筑师维科·马吉斯特雷蒂设计。
• Agreements with Milanese hospitals multiplied so that medical students could receive clinical training, a partnership model the university still follows today.该校与米兰多家医院签订的合作协议不断增加，以供医学生接受临床训练，这一合作模式延续至今。
• The university occupied about 127,000 square metres in 1968, rising to 205,000 square metres by the early 1980s, with 22 degree-awarding schools and 75,000 students in 1989 and 90,000 by 1993.1968 年该校占地约 127,000 平方米，至 20 世纪 80 年代初增至 205,000 平方米，1989 年设有 22 个授予学位的学院、在校生 75,000 人，1993 年更增至 90,000 人。
• From 1986 the university delocalised facilities into the Bicocca district of Milan and into Como, Varese, Crema and Lodi.自 1986 年起，该校将设施分散到米兰的比可卡区以及科莫、瓦雷泽、克雷马与洛迪等地。
• In 1998 the university split and the second public institution of the city, the University of Milan-Bicocca, was founded, while the University of Insubria was created in Varese.1998 年该校拆分，米兰第二所公立高校米兰比可卡大学成立，英苏布里亚大学也在瓦雷泽创办。
• Even after the split the University of Milan remained the largest institution in Lombardy and one of the largest in the country.即便拆分之后，米兰大学仍是伦巴第大区规模最大的高校，也是全国规模最大的高校之一。
• The 2001 reform of the Italian education system raised the number of degree-awarding programmes to 74 and led to fresh investment in classrooms, laboratories and student services covering about 80,000 square metres.2001 年意大利教育体系改革使授予学位的课程增至 74 个，并带来对教室、实验室与学生服务约 80,000 平方米的新投资。
• Today the university runs 9 schools and 134 degree-awarding programmes together with 19 doctoral schools and 92 specialisation schools, with about 65,000 students and 2,500 tenured professors supported by some 2,300 technical and administrative staff.如今该校设有 9 个学院与 134 个授予学位的课程，另有 19 所博士学校与 92 所专科进修学校，在校生约 65,000 人、终身教授 2,500 人，并有约 2,300 名技术与行政人员。
• The University of Milan was one of the twelve founding members of the League of European Research Universities in 2002 and remains its only Italian member.米兰大学是 2002 年欧洲研究型大学联盟十二所创始成员之一，至今仍是该联盟中唯一的意大利成员。
• The university is building a new campus in the Milan Innovation District within the former Expo 2015 site, a project of over 190,000 square metres worth about 338 million euros and shared with Human Technopole and the IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute.该校正在 2015 年世博会旧址内的米兰创新区建设新校区，面积逾 190,000 平方米、投资约 3.38 亿欧元，与人类技术中心及 Galeazzi 骨科研究所共享。
• In 2020 the university recorded 9,537 publications, 5,074 of them open access, 33.9 per cent in the top 10 per cent most cited, and 37 grants from the European Research Council.2020 年该校发表成果 9,537 篇，其中开放获取 5,074 篇，33.9% 进入被引前 10%，并获 37 项欧洲研究委员会资助。
• In 2011 the University of Milan and the Polytechnic University of Milan launched the Città Studi Campus Sostenibile project to turn their shared university quarter into a model of sustainable development.2011 年米兰大学与米兰理工大学共同发起「可持续学城」计划，力图把两校共处的大学区打造成可持续发展的样板。

Academics

• The University of Milan is a public teaching and research university, the second largest in Italy, with 10 schools and a teaching staff of about 2,200 covering a wide range of disciplines.米兰大学是一所公立教研型大学，规模居意大利第二，设有 10 个学院、教学人员约 2,200 人，学科门类广泛。
• Its ten schools are Law, Medicine, Humanities, Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural and Food Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science and Technology, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Political, Economic and Social Sciences, and Linguistics and Cultural Mediation.其十个学院为法学、医学、人文、兽医学、农业与食品科学、药学、科学与技术、运动科学、政治经济社会科学以及语言学与文化中介。
• Degree programmes are either open-admission or capped, with capped courses requiring an entrance examination and ranking, and medicine is among the most sought-after in Italy with an acceptance rate of about 5 per cent.学位课程分为公开招生与限额招生两类，限额课程须通过入学考试并按名次录取，医学是意大利最热门的学科之一，录取率约为 5%。
• Applicants must demonstrate English at level B1 for bachelors and B2 for masters, either through a CEFR certificate or through the university language centre known as SLAM.申请者须证明英语达到本科 B1、硕士 B2 的水平，可通过 CEFR 证书或该校语言中心 SLAM 予以证明。
• A full-time student earns 60 ECTS credits a year, a bachelor requires at least 180 ECTS and a master 120 ECTS, while the research doctorate, the Dottorato di Ricerca, takes a further three to four years.全日制学生每学年修满 60 个 ECTS 学分，本科至少需 180 个 ECTS、硕士需 120 个 ECTS，研究型博士（Dottorato di Ricerca）则需再修读三至四年。
• Financial support ranges from need-based and merit scholarships of 1,800 to 6,000 euros a year to Excellence Scholarships of 6,000 euros with tuition and accommodation covered.资助体系包括每年 1,800 至 6,000 欧元的助学与奖学金，以及提供 6,000 欧元并免学费与住宿的「卓越奖学金」。
• Research is organised in 33 departments and 53 research centres, ranging from private law and legal history to oncology, veterinary science, food science and language mediation.科研按 33 个系与 53 个研究中心组织，涵盖私法与法制史、肿瘤学、兽医学、食品科学到语言中介等广泛领域。
• In 2020 its publications reached 9,537 with 5,074 open-access articles, a field-weighted citation impact of 1.78 and 37 grants from the European Research Council.2020 年其发表成果达 9,537 篇，其中 5,074 篇为开放获取，领域加权引用影响力为 1.78，并获 37 项欧洲研究委员会资助。
• Governance rests on 17 committees headed by the Rector, the most important being the Board of Directors and the Academic Senate, which includes the ten faculty directors.治理结构由校长主持的 17 个委员会构成，其中最重要的是董事会与学术评议会，后者包含十位学院院长。
• In 2025 the university enrolled 64,878 students and employed 2,566 permanent teaching and research staff, or 4,653 counting all researchers.2025 年该校在校生 64,878 人，专任教学与研究人员 2,566 人，计入全部研究人员则为 4,653 人。
• The university publishes about ten open-access journals included in the Directory of Open Access Journals, covering fields such as linguistics, philology and Romance studies.该校出版约十种被收录于开放获取期刊目录的开放获取期刊，涵盖语言学、语文学与罗曼语研究等领域。
• Its International Medical School is an English-language medical school taught mainly at the Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital.其国际医学院是一所以英语授课的医学院，主要在 Niguarda Ca' Granda 医院开展教学。
• The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine sit in Lodi outside Milan, while language mediation and intercultural communication are taught in Sesto San Giovanni.兽医学院与临床兽医医学中心位于米兰之外的洛迪，语言中介与跨文化沟通课程则在塞斯托-圣乔瓦尼授课。
• Beyond the Rector and the Senate the university maintains a Patent Committee, a University Sports Committee and a Research Observatory that assesses research quality.除校长与学术评议会外，该校还设有专利委员会、大学体育委员会以及评估科研质量的研究观察所。
• In 2010 the university's income reached 562 million euros, of which 331 million came from the state, 91 million from student fees and 59 million from research contracts.2010 年该校收入达 5.62 亿欧元，其中 3.31 亿来自国家拨款、9,100 万来自学生学费、5,900 万来自科研合同。
• Medical students train across a network of Lombardy hospitals that includes the Maggiore Policlinico, San Paolo, Luigi Sacco, San Giuseppe, Niguarda Ca' Granda and the Monzino Cardiology Centre.医学生在伦巴第一个医院网络接受训练，成员包括大综合医院、圣保罗医院、路易吉·萨科医院、圣朱塞佩医院、Niguarda Ca' Granda 医院与蒙齐诺心脏中心。

Campus

• The university's departments occupy historic palaces in the centre of Milan and modern buildings in the Città Studi district, the university quarter built from 1915.该校各系分布于米兰市中心的古典宫殿与学城区的现代建筑中，后者是自 1915 年起兴建的大学区。
• The headquarters is the Ca' Granda, built in 1456 by Francesco I Sforza and designed by Filarete, which now houses the Rectorate, the central library and lecture halls of the Schools of Law and Humanities.校本部为 1456 年由弗朗切斯科一世·斯福尔扎委托、菲拉雷特设计的大医院，现容纳校长办公机构、中央图书馆以及法学与人文学院的讲演厅。
• Among the other historic buildings is the 17th-century Sant'Alessandro College, also called the Palazzo delle Scuole Arcimbolde, designed by Lorenzo Binago and commissioned by Giambattista Arcimboldi in 1663.其他历史建筑包括 17 世纪的圣亚历山德罗学院，又称阿尔钦博尔迪学校宫，由洛伦佐·比纳戈设计、詹巴蒂斯塔·阿尔钦博尔迪于 1663 年委托建造。
• The 18th-century Palazzo Greppi was designed by Giuseppe Piermarini, architect of La Scala, and built by count Antonio Greppi between 1772 and 1778.18 世纪的格雷皮宫由斯卡拉歌剧院的建筑师朱塞佩·皮耶尔马里尼设计，由安东尼奥·格雷皮伯爵于 1772 至 1778 年间建造。
• Palazzo Resta Pallavicino was built by Carlo Resta between 1724 and 1743 for the Pallavicino family, who rebuilt its interior, while its Neo-Classical facade on Via Conservatorio was added between 1837 and 1839.雷斯塔-帕拉维奇诺宫由卡洛·雷斯塔于 1724 至 1743 年间为帕拉维奇诺家族建造，家族其后改建内部，音乐学院街一侧的新古典主义立面则建于 1837 至 1839 年。
• The university's book collection, one of the richest in the region, is preserved in 47 libraries, while the APICE Centre collects rare and valuable books and archives.该校藏书为伦巴第地区最丰富的馆藏之一，保存在 47 座图书馆中，APICE 中心则收藏珍本与档案。
• The university also holds the Brera Botanical Garden and the 18th-century Brera Astronomical Observatory, built in 1764 within the Palazzo Brera at the request of Empress Maria Theresa.该校还拥有布雷拉植物园以及 18 世纪的布雷拉天文台，后者应玛丽亚·特蕾莎皇后之请于 1764 年在布雷拉宫内建成。
• The total university surface is about 500,000 square metres, comprising 356 classrooms with some 27,382 seats, 203 teaching and computer laboratories with 1,831 seats and 171 libraries and study rooms with 4,417 seats.校园总建筑面积约 500,000 平方米，含 356 间教室共约 27,382 个座位、203 间教学与计算机实验室共 1,831 个座位，以及 171 座图书馆与自习室共 4,417 个座位。
• Besides the city-centre and Città Studi campuses, the university runs hospital campuses at the Policlinico, San Paolo and Sacco hospitals and is developing the MIND science campus in the former Expo 2015 area.除市中心校区与学城校区外，该校在综合医院、圣保罗医院与萨科医院设有医院校区，并正在 2015 年世博会旧址建设 MIND 科学校区。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 the University of Milan is placed joint 270th in the world.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，米兰大学位列世界并列第 270 位。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 places it in the 351-375 band.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将其列入 351-375 区间。
• The U.S. News Best Global Universities 2026-2027 ranks it 160th in the world.《美国新闻与世界报道》2026-2027 最佳全球大学排名将其列为世界第 160 位。
• In the Shanghai Academic Ranking of World Universities 2026 it appears in the 201-300 band.在 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名中，其位列 201-300 区间。
• In the QS World University Rankings by Subject for 2026 the university was first in Italy and 65th in the world in Medicine, and its medical school consistently ranks among the world's top 100.在 2026 年 QS 学科排名中，该校医学居意大利第一、世界第 65 位，其医学院长期位列世界前 100。
• In 2020 the Academic Ranking of World Universities placed the University of Milan first in Italy in a three-way tie with the University of Pisa and Sapienza University of Rome.2020 年软科世界大学学术排名将米兰大学列为意大利第一，与比萨大学、罗马大学并列。
• The U.S. News subject rankings of 2025 placed it 15th in the world in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 43rd in Oncology and 53rd in Surgery, Pharmacology and Toxicology.《美国新闻与世界报道》2025 年学科排名将其列为世界胃肠病学与肝病学第 15 位、肿瘤学第 43 位、外科与药理学及毒理学第 53 位。
• Italy's research evaluation agency ANVUR ranked the university first in the country in political science, sociology, law and philosophy in 2017 and top three in economics and statistics, earth science, history and antiquities.意大利科研评估机构 ANVUR 于 2017 年将其政治学、社会学、法学与哲学列为全国第一，经济学与统计学、地球科学、历史与古物学列为前三。
• ANVUR also ranked the University of Milan first in Italy for the quality of scientific research over 2015 to 2019, and in 2025 the Center for World University Rankings placed it third in the country.ANVUR 还将米兰大学列为 2015 至 2019 年意大利科研质量第一；2025 年世界大学排名中心将其列为意大利第三。
• The OpenAlex database credits the university with 406,302 works and 21,818,200 citations, and it is one of the twelve founding members of the League of European Research Universities.OpenAlex 数据库收录该校 406,302 篇成果与 21,818,200 次引用，它也是欧洲研究型大学联盟十二所创始成员之一。

Student life

• The Centro Universitario Sportivo, the university sports centre, is an amateur association that has promoted physical education and sport for students and staff for more than 60 years.大学体育中心是一家业余体育协会，六十多年来一直为师生推广体育与运动。
• The University of Milan Orchestra lets students audition for a classical ensemble run with the Giuseppe Verdi Conservatory of Milan under the conductor Alessandro Crudele.米兰大学管弦乐团让学生有机会加入与米兰朱塞佩·威尔第音乐学院合作、由指挥亚历山德罗·克鲁德莱执棒的古典乐团。
• The University Choir is open to staff, students, professors and outside enthusiasts, who join after an audition.大学合唱团向教职工、学生、教授及校外爱好者开放，通过试唱即可加入。
• The University Theatre Centre, known as CUT, is directed by Professor Alberto Bentoglio and works with student groups that have staged productions for years.大学戏剧中心由阿尔贝托·本托利奥教授主持，与多年来参与戏剧制作的学生团体合作。
• The university works with cinema, theatre, dance and music promoters to give students and staff reduced-price access to cultural events.该校与电影、戏剧、舞蹈与音乐机构合作，为学生与教职工提供优惠价格的文化活动。
• Accommodation, refectory services and meal allowances are provided for a large number of students as part of the university's welfare programme.作为福利计划的一部分，该校为大量学生提供住宿、食堂服务与餐费补贴。
• Students and residents of Milan commonly call the university La Statale, meaning the State university, and it has no widely used formal motto.米兰市民与学生习惯称该校为「La Statale」，意为国立大学，该校并无广泛使用的正式校训。
• Student services expanded after 2001 to cover orientation, internships, training and online education alongside traditional teaching.2001 年后学生服务扩展至入学引导、实习、培训与线上教育，与传统教学并行。

Notable people

• Riccardo Giacconi, who took his doctorate in physics at Milan, won the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physics for his pioneering work in X-ray astronomy.里卡尔多·贾科尼在米兰大学获得物理学博士学位，因在 X 射线天文学方面的开创性贡献获 2002 年诺贝尔物理学奖。
• Enrico Bombieri, a Milan graduate, received the Fields Medal in 1974 and became a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.恩里科·邦别里毕业于米兰大学，1974 年获菲尔兹奖，后任普林斯顿高等研究院教授。
• Giulio Natta, a member of the faculty, won the 1963 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on stereoregular polymers.朱利奥·纳塔曾任该校教授，因在立构规整聚合物方面的研究获 1963 年诺贝尔化学奖。
• Giuseppe Occhialini, another faculty member, won the Wolf Prize in Physics in 1979 for his contributions to cosmic-ray and particle physics.朱塞佩·奥基亚利尼同为该校教授，因对宇宙射线与粒子物理的贡献获 1979 年沃尔夫物理学奖。
• Fabiola Gianotti, who studied at Milan, has twice served as Director-General of CERN and received the Bruno Pontecorvo Prize in 2019.法比奥拉·吉亚诺蒂曾就读于米兰大学，两度出任欧洲核子研究中心总干事，2019 年获布鲁诺·蓬泰科尔沃奖。
• The immunologist Alberto Mantovani was awarded the Robert Koch Prize in 2016, and the astrophysicist Marco Bersanelli received the Gruber Prize in Cosmology in 2006.免疫学家阿尔贝托·曼托瓦尼于 2016 年获罗伯特·科赫奖，天体物理学家马尔科·贝尔萨内利于 2006 年获格鲁伯宇宙学奖。
• Astrophysicist Patrizia Caraveo won the Bruno Rossi Prize in 2007, 2011 and 2012, and biologist Elena Cattaneo was appointed a Senator for life of Italy.天体物理学家帕特里齐亚·卡拉韦奥于 2007、2011 与 2012 年三度获布鲁诺·罗西奖，生物学家埃莱娜·卡塔内奥被任命为意大利终身参议员。
• Silvio Berlusconi studied law at the university and went on to serve four times as Prime Minister of Italy and to found the media company Mediaset.西尔维奥·贝卢斯科尼在该校攻读法学，其后四度出任意大利总理，并创办传媒公司 Mediaset。
• Bettino Craxi, a Milan graduate, served as Prime Minister of Italy from 1983 to 1987 and as President of the European Council, while Karolos Papoulias was President of Greece from 2005 to 2015.贝蒂诺·克拉克西毕业于米兰大学，1983 至 1987 年任意大利总理并曾任欧洲理事会主席；卡罗洛斯·帕普利亚斯则于 2005 至 2015 年任希腊总统。
• Among the university's business alumni are Giorgio Armani, founder and head designer of the Armani fashion house, and Miuccia Prada, co-CEO and head designer of Prada.该校商界校友包括阿玛尼时装公司创始人兼首席设计师乔治·阿玛尼，以及普拉达联席首席执行官兼首席设计师缪西娅·普拉达。
• The university was founded through the efforts of the gynaecologist and mayor Luigi Mangiagalli, and its 1924 founding decree was signed by the education minister Giovanni Gentile.该校由妇科医生兼市长路易吉·曼贾加利推动创办，其 1924 年建校法令由教育大臣乔瓦尼·秦梯利签署。