University of Memphis

The University of Memphis is a public research university in Memphis, Tennessee, United States, founded on 10 September 1912 as the West Tennessee State Normal School and known by its present name since 1 July 1994.孟菲斯大学（University of Memphis）是美国田纳西州孟菲斯的一所公立研究型大学，1912 年 9 月 10 日以「西田纳西州立师范学校」之名创办，1994 年 7 月 1 日起使用现名。

It is classified among R1 doctoral universities with very high research activity, teaches about 20,276 students, and holds a $413 million endowment reported for 2025.该校被卡内基分类列为「R1 博士型大学——极高研究活动」，在校生约 20,276 人，2025 年公布的校产基金为 4.13 亿美元。

The university sits in the 1201-1400 band of the QS World University Rankings 2027, the 1001-1200 band of the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 and 1,435th place in the U.S. News Best Global Universities 2026-2027.该校位列 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名第 1201-1400 区间、2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名第 1001-1200 区间、《美国新闻与世界报道》2026-2027 最佳全球大学排名第 1,435 位。

History

• In 1909 the Tennessee Legislature passed the General Education Bill, which provided for three colleges, one in each grand division of the state, plus an additional school for African-American students.1909 年，田纳西州议会通过《普通教育法案》，规定在该州三大分区各设一所学院，并另设一所招收非裔学生的学校。
• Memphis beat Jackson for the West Tennessee site largely because the proposed campus lay beside a rail line, which would let professors and students travel home to visit relatives.孟菲斯在与杰克逊争夺西田纳西校址时胜出，主要原因之一是拟建校址紧邻铁路，便于师生返乡探亲。
• The other three institutions created under the same act grew into East Tennessee State University, Middle Tennessee State University and Tennessee State University.同一法案下创办的另外三所院校，后来分别发展为东田纳西州立大学、中田纳西州立大学与田纳西州立大学。
• An earlier body also called the University of Memphis had been formed in 1909 by adding pharmacy, dentistry and law departments to an existing medical school in the city.此前，这座城市已有一个同样名为「孟菲斯大学」的机构，它于 1909 年在既有医学院的基础上增设药学、牙科与法学系而成。
• On 10 September 1912 the West Tennessee State Normal School opened with Seymour A. Mynders as its first president, and by 1913 it had absorbed all departments of the earlier university except the law school.1912 年 9 月 10 日，西田纳西州立师范学校开学，西摩·A·迈恩德斯出任首任校长；到 1913 年，除法学院外，先前那所大学的各系均被其接管。
• After Mynders died in 1913 John Willard Brister took office, Andrew A. Kincannon followed in 1918, and Brister returned for a second term in 1924.迈恩德斯 1913 年去世后由约翰·威拉德·布里斯特接任，安德鲁·A·金坎农于 1918 年继任，布里斯特又于 1924 年回任。
• The school became West Tennessee State Teachers College in 1925, the year after Brister's return, and added its first student newspaper, The Tiger Rag, in 1931.1925 年，即布里斯特回任次年，学校更名为西田纳西州立师范学院，并于 1931 年创办首份学生报纸《虎啸》。
• In 1941 the institution became Memphis State College as it expanded its liberal arts curriculum, and in 1943 Jennings B. Sanders succeeded Richard C. Jones as president.1941 年，随着文理课程扩充，学校改称孟菲斯州立学院；1943 年，詹宁斯·B·桑德斯接替理查德·C·琼斯出任校长。
• Three years later J. Millard (Jack) Smith became the first alumnus to lead the college, and in 1951 Memphis State awarded its first Bachelor of Arts degree.三年后，J·米勒德（杰克）·史密斯成为首位出任校长的校友；1951 年，孟菲斯州立学院颁授了第一个文学士学位。
• Full university status arrived in 1957, when the institution was renamed Memphis State University, a title it kept for 37 years.1957 年，学校获得完全大学地位并更名为孟菲斯州立大学，这一校名沿用 37 年。
• In 1959, five years after Brown v. Board of Education, the university admitted its first black students, the Memphis State Eight, who faced media scrutiny and restrictions on where they could go on campus.1959 年，即「布朗诉教育委员会案」判决五年后，学校招收了首批黑人学生，即「孟菲斯州立八人」，他们遭到媒体审视，行动范围也受到限制。
• Those restrictions were lifted as more black students enrolled, and black students now make up more than one third of the student body.随着黑人学生人数增加，这些限制被取消；如今黑人学生占在校生三分之一以上。
• Cecil C. Humphreys became president in 1960, the university began awarding doctoral degrees in 1966, and he left to become the first chancellor of the state board that later became the Tennessee Board of Regents.塞西尔·C·汉弗莱斯于 1960 年出任校长，学校自 1966 年起授予博士学位，他随后离任，出任后来改称田纳西董事会的州立系统的首任校监。
• In 1973 the Tigers men's basketball team reached the NCAA final, losing to a UCLA side led by Bill Walton, in the same year that Billy Mac Jones became president.1973 年，孟菲斯州立大学男篮打入 NCAA 决赛，负于比尔·沃顿领衔的加州大学洛杉矶分校队；同年比利·麦克·琼斯就任校长。
• Thomas Carpenter took the presidency in 1980 and V. Lane Rawlins in 1991, and on 1 July 1994 Memphis State University was renamed the University of Memphis.托马斯·卡彭特于 1980 年、V·莱恩·罗林斯于 1991 年先后出任校长；1994 年 7 月 1 日，孟菲斯州立大学更名为孟菲斯大学。
• Shirley Raines became the first female president in 2001 and served until 2013, a period that included a 2008 NCAA final appearance later vacated after an investigation.雪莉·雷恩斯于 2001 年成为首位女校长，任职至 2013 年，任内男篮于 2008 年再度打入 NCAA 决赛，但该成绩后因调查而被撤销。
• M. David Rudd was confirmed as the 12th president on 1 May 2014, and in spring 2020 the university moved mid-semester to online teaching and credit/no-credit grading during the COVID-19 pandemic.M·大卫·拉德于 2014 年 5 月 1 日就任第 12 任校长；2020 年春季，学校因新冠疫情在学期中途转为线上教学，并改用「合格/不合格」计分。
• Under the 2017 FOCUS Act the university left the Tennessee Board of Regents and formed its own Board of Trustees, with the president as day-to-day administrator.依据 2017 年《FOCUS 法案》，该校脱离田纳西董事会，另设自己的董事会，校长负责日常行政。
• Bill Hardgrave, previously provost at Auburn University, became president in 2022 and has presided over the expansion of the campus north across Central Avenue.曾任奥本大学教务长的比尔·哈德格雷夫于 2022 年出任校长，任内校园向北跨过中央大道扩展。

Academics

• Memphis comprises 14 colleges and schools, among them the College of Arts and Sciences, the Fogelman College of Business and Economics, the Herff College of Engineering and the Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law.孟菲斯大学设有 14 个学院与学部，包括文理学院、福格尔曼商业与经济学院、赫夫工程学院以及塞西尔·C·汉弗莱斯法学院。
• Professional provision includes the Loewenberg College of Nursing, the School of Public Health, the Kemmons Wilson School of Hospitality and Resort Management and the Rudi E. Scheidt School of Music.专业教育包括洛文伯格护理学院、公共卫生学院、凯蒙斯·威尔逊酒店与度假管理学院以及鲁迪·E·沙伊特音乐学院。
• The university enrolled 20,276 students in its most recent published count, of whom 16,703 were undergraduates and 5,209 postgraduates, taught by 930 faculty members.该校最近一次公布的在读人数为 20,276 人，其中本科生 16,703 人、研究生 5,209 人，由 930 名教师授课。
• Its $413 million endowment, reported for 2025, is managed alongside annual giving by the University of Memphis Foundation, which was established in 1964.其 2025 年公布的 4.13 亿美元校产基金，与年度捐赠一并由 1964 年成立的孟菲斯大学基金会管理。
• The FedEx Institute of Technology anchors research in supply-chain management, nanotechnology, robotics and intelligent systems, fields that match the logistics economy of the city.联邦快递技术研究所主攻供应链管理、纳米技术、机器人学与智能系统，这些领域与所在城市的物流经济高度契合。
• The Center for Earthquake Research and Information studies the New Madrid seismic zone, one of the most active earthquake areas in the central United States.地震研究与信息中心研究新马德里地震带，这是美国中部最活跃的地震区域之一。
• The Institute for Intelligent Systems, the Advanced Distributed Learning Workforce Co-Lab and the Center for Applied Earth Science and Engineering Research extend the university's sponsored research portfolio.智能系统研究所、高级分布式学习劳动力联合实验室与应用地球科学与工程研究中心，进一步拓展了学校的受资助研究版图。
• The Sparks Bureau of Business and Economic Research produces regional economic forecasts, and the Mobile Sensor Data-To-Knowledge Center operates as a National Institutes of Health center of excellence.斯帕克斯商业与经济研究局发布区域经济预测，移动传感器数据到知识中心则以美国国立卫生研究院卓越中心的身份运作。
• The Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law moved in 2010 into the restored federal customshouse downtown, placing students beside the city's courts and legal district.塞西尔·C·汉弗莱斯法学院于 2010 年迁入市中心修复后的联邦海关大楼，使学生与城市法院及法律区比邻。
• The Loewenberg College of Nursing and the School of Communication Sciences and Disorders share the Community Health Building, which opened with 44.6 million in state funding matched by15 million in private gifts.洛文伯格护理学院与交流科学与障碍学院共用社区健康大楼，该楼由 4,460 万美元州拨款与 1,500 万美元私人配捐建成。
• The School of Communication Sciences and Disorders runs the Memphis Speech and Hearing Center, one of the region's main clinical training sites for audiology and speech pathology.交流科学与障碍学院运营孟菲斯言语与听力中心，这是该地区听力学与言语病理学的主要临床培训基地之一。
• The Art Museum of the University of Memphis, opened in 1981 and renamed in 1994, holds Egyptian antiquities, traditional African art and contemporary prints and drawings, with free admission.孟菲斯大学艺术博物馆 1981 年开馆、1994 年改用现名，收藏埃及文物、传统非洲艺术以及当代版画与素描，免费开放。
• The Institute of Egyptian Art and Archaeology supports excavation and collection research, and the university operates the Chucalissa Indian Village and museum at T. O. Fuller State Park.埃及艺术与考古研究所支持考古发掘与藏品研究，学校还在 T·O·富勒州立公园运营丘卡利萨印第安村落遗址与博物馆。
• The Helen Hardin Honors College enrols high-achieving undergraduates, and the Kemmons Wilson School carries the name of the Holiday Inn founder who built his hotel chain from Memphis.海伦·哈丁荣誉学院招收成绩优异的本科生；凯蒙斯·威尔逊学院则以在孟菲斯起家的假日酒店创始人之名命名。
• Research output indexed by OpenAlex totals 36,875 works and 1,889,947 citations, with particular weight in the health sciences, engineering and the social sciences.OpenAlex 收录的研究产出共 36,875 项、引用 1,889,947 次，在健康科学、工程与社会科学方面尤为集中。
• The university's Carnegie R1 designation, renewed in recent years, reflects at least 50 research doctorates awarded annually and very high sponsored research spending.该校的卡内基 R1 认定近年获得续期，其标准包括每年授予至少 50 个研究型博士学位以及极高的受资助科研支出。
• The Lambuth campus in Jackson, Tennessee, taken over from the former Lambuth University in 2011, hosts the Doctor of Physical Therapy programme from 2026.位于田纳西州杰克逊的兰巴斯校区于 2011 年接手原兰巴斯大学校址，自 2026 年起开设物理治疗博士项目。
• The university is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges, the regional body that reviews its degree programmes and governance.该校获南方院校协会院校委员会认证，这一区域性机构负责审查其学位项目与治理结构。

Campus

• The main campus lies about five miles east of downtown Memphis in the University District, covers 1,160 acres in total, and has a historic core of roughly 30 acres.主校区位于孟菲斯市中心以东约五英里的大学区，总面积 1,160 英亩，其中历史核心区约 30 英亩。
• Its rectilinear layout follows a geometric plan in the Jeffersonian manner of the University of Virginia, with tree-lined walks and quadrangles added over the past two decades.校园采用规整的几何布局，仿照弗吉尼亚大学的杰斐逊式规划，近二十年又增建了林荫步道与方庭。
• The original buildings, including Scates Hall, Manning Hall, Mynders Hall and the Administration Building, date from the early twentieth century and frame Alumni Mall and Student Plaza.斯凯茨楼、曼宁楼、迈恩德斯楼与行政楼等最早一批建筑建于 20 世纪初，环绕校友广场与学生广场。
• The Ned R. McWherter Library, the principal research library of the Mid-South, anchors the eastern campus beside Dunavant Plaza and Emeriti Grove.内德·R·麦克沃特图书馆是中南地区的主要研究型图书馆，位于校园东部，毗邻杜纳万特广场与荣休林。
• John S. Wilder Tower, formerly Brister Tower, is the tallest structure on campus, and Johnson Hall, Patterson Hall and Greek Row line the western edge.约翰·S·怀尔德塔（原名布里斯特塔）是校园最高建筑，约翰逊楼、帕特森楼与希腊社团街沿校园西缘分布。
• The Fogelman Executive Center and the FedEx Institute of Technology occupy the north-west quadrant, an area absorbed from residential streets in the late 1960s and early 1970s.福格尔曼高管中心与联邦快递技术研究所位于校园西北角，这一区域在 1960 年代末至 1970 年代初由住宅街区并入。
• The Park Avenue Campus, south of the main site, occupies the former Kennedy Veterans Hospital grounds, donated by the federal government in 1967 after the hospital closed.帕克大道校区位于主校区以南，占用原肯尼迪退伍军人医院院址，该院 1967 年关闭后由联邦政府捐赠给学校。
• That campus now holds the Community Health Building, intramural fields and research facilities, and previously hosted the Defense Contract Audit Agency's main training centre from 1982.该校区现设社区健康大楼、校内运动场与研究设施，1982 年起还曾长期容纳美国国防合同审计局的主要培训中心。
• In 2019 the Hunter Harrison Memorial Bridge gave the campus its first uninterrupted pedestrian link across the Norfolk Southern tracks to the southern residence halls and the $30 million recreation centre finished in 2021.2019 年建成的亨特·哈里森纪念桥首次以无间断步行通道跨过诺福克南方铁路，连接南部宿舍区与 2021 年落成的 3,000 万美元体育中心。
• The $44 million Rudi E. Scheidt School of Music building opened on Central Avenue in November 2022, beginning the university's expansion north of that street.造价 4,400 万美元的鲁迪·E·沙伊特音乐学院大楼于 2022 年 11 月在中央大道落成，开启了学校跨该街向北的扩展。
• Graduate and family housing stands at Park Avenue in 150 units, separated from the main campus but linked by shuttle and by the southern parking garages.研究生与家庭宿舍位于帕克大道，共 150 套住房，虽与主校区分离，但由班车与南侧停车楼相连。
• Patterson Street marks the western boundary of the main campus, and the master plan projects expansion one block further west so that Highland Avenue becomes the de facto entrance.帕特森街构成主校区的西界，总体规划计划再向西扩展一个街区，使高地大道成为事实上的校门入口。

Reputation

• QS places the University of Memphis in the 1201-1400 band of its World University Rankings 2027, a joint interval shared with several hundred institutions worldwide.QS 将其列入 2027 年世界大学排名第 1201-1400 区间，这一并列区间在全球范围内涵盖数百所高校。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 place Memphis in the 1001-1200 band, its highest position among the three main tables in which it appears.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将其列入第 1001-1200 区间，这是它上榜的三项主榜中最好的名次。
• U.S. News ranks it 1,435th in the Best Global Universities 2026-2027, a list weighted towards research reputation and bibliometric output.《美国新闻与世界报道》2026-2027 最佳全球大学排名将其列为第 1,435 位，该榜单侧重科研声誉与文献计量产出。
• Memphis does not appear in the main table of the Shanghai Academic Ranking of World Universities 2026, and no ARWU placement is claimed for it.该校未进入 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名主榜，校方也未主张任何软科名次。
• Its Carnegie classification as an R1 doctoral university with very high research activity is the institution's central research marker in the absence of a strong global rank.在缺乏亮眼全球名次的情况下，卡内基「R1 极高研究活动博士型大学」认定是该校最核心的研究标识。
• OpenAlex records 36,875 works and 1,889,947 citations, a citation-to-output ratio that reflects strength in health sciences and engineering rather than in the humanities.OpenAlex 记录 36,875 项成果与 1,889,947 次引用，其篇均引用反映出健康科学与工程的优势，而非人文学科。
• The university's $413 million endowment, though modest beside flagship state universities, ranks it among the better-funded urban public universities of the Mid-South.该校 4.13 亿美元的校产基金虽不及旗舰州立大学，却使它在整个中南地区的城市公立大学中处于资金较充裕之列。
• Memphis belongs to the Coalition of Urban Serving Universities, the Great Cities' Universities group and Oak Ridge Associated Universities, alliances that frame its applied research agenda.该校是美国城市服务型大学联盟、大城市大学集团与橡树岭联合大学协会的成员，这些联盟塑造了其应用研究议程。
• In intercollegiate sport the Tigers compete in NCAA Division I FBS as members of the American Athletic Conference, with rifle shooting in the Great America Rifle Conference.在校际体育方面，孟菲斯虎队以美国运动联盟成员身份参加 NCAA 一级 FBS 赛事，射击队则参加大美洲步枪联盟。
• The university's reputation in Memphis itself rests on the FedEx Institute, the law school and the health professions, which supply much of the city's legal, medical and logistics workforce.在孟菲斯本地，该校的声誉建立在联邦快递技术研究所、法学院与健康类专业之上，它们为城市输送了大量法律、医疗与物流人才。

Student life

• The university motto is Imaginari cogitare facere, Latin for to imagine, to think, to do, and it is rendered in English on official seals and commencement materials.该校校训为拉丁文「Imaginari cogitare facere」，意为「想象、思考、行动」，在官方印章与毕业典礼材料上附有英文释义。
• The Mighty Sound of the South, the university band, plays as a marching band at football games and as a pep band at basketball games, performing before roughly 350,000 spectators each autumn.校乐队「南方雄声」在橄榄球赛上担任行进乐队、在篮球赛上担任助威乐队，每年秋季为约 35 万名观众演出。
• A live Bengal tiger named TOM served as sideline mascot from 1972, with TOM I, TOM II and TOM III succeeding one another, and TOM III died on 18 September 2020.自 1972 年起，一只名为 TOM 的孟加拉虎担任场边吉祥物，先后有 TOM 一世、二世与三世，TOM 三世于 2020 年 9 月 18 日死去。
• The costumed tiger Pouncer now leads cheers, and the alumni association placed 50 life-size tiger statues on campus and another 50 across Memphis for the 2012 centennial.如今由人偶虎「Pouncer」带领助威；校友会在 2012 年百年校庆时，于校园安置 50 座、于孟菲斯全城安置 50 座真虎大小雕像。
• The Tigers nickname dates from a 1914 student parade in which students shouted that they fought like tigers, and it became official in 1939.「虎队」这一绰号源自 1914 年一次学生游行，当时学生高喊「我们像老虎一样战斗」，1939 年正式成为校队名称。
• The fight song Go! Tigers! Go! was written in the 1960s by Tom Ferguson, then director of bands, and is played at commencements as well as at athletic events.战歌《Go! Tigers! Go!》由时任乐队指挥汤姆·弗格森于 1960 年代创作，在毕业典礼与体育赛事上都会演奏。
• The Daily Helmsman traces its origin to The Tiger Rag of 1931, was renamed The Helmsman in 1972 and went online-only in 2025 after ending print publication.《每日舵手》报可追溯至 1931 年的《虎啸》，1972 年改名《舵手》，2025 年停止纸质出版、全面转向网络。
• About six per cent of undergraduate men and eight per cent of undergraduate women join more than 20 social Greek-letter organisations, and 11 honour societies operate on campus.约 6% 的本科男生与 8% 的本科女生加入 20 多个希腊字母社交社团，校内另有 11 个荣誉学会。
• Religious life is served by Wesley Foundation, the Baptist Collegiate Ministry, the Catholic Center, Memphis Hillel and the Muslim Students Association, among other groups.宗教生活由卫斯理基金会、浸信会学生事工、天主教中心、孟菲斯希勒尔与穆斯林学生协会等团体提供服务。
• The Benjamin L. Hooks Institute for Social Change, founded in 1996 by the civil rights leader and former FCC commissioner, runs civil-rights research, grants and public programmes.本杰明·L·胡克斯社会变迁研究所由民权领袖、前联邦通信委员会委员于 1996 年创办，开展民权研究、资助与公共项目。
• The Tennessee Governor's School for International Studies brings gifted high-school seniors to campus for four weeks each summer, awarding six hours of transferable college credit.田纳西州长国际研究学校每年夏季把优秀高中毕业班学生带到校园学习四周，并授予可转学的六个大学学分。

Notable people

• Seymour A. Mynders, the first president, opened the normal school in 1912, and Mynders Hall on the historic quadrangle still carries his name.首任校长西摩·A·迈恩德斯于 1912 年主持师范学校开学，历史方庭中的迈恩德斯楼至今以他命名。
• John Willard Brister led the institution in two separate terms, from 1913 to 1918 and again from 1924 to 1939, overseeing its transformation into a teachers college.约翰·威拉德·布里斯特两度执掌该校，分别为 1913 至 1918 年与 1924 至 1939 年，任内学校转型为师范学院。
• The Memphis State Eight, admitted in 1959, were the university's first black students and are commemorated by a historical marker on campus.1959 年入学的「孟菲斯州立八人」是该校首批黑人学生，校园内立有历史纪念牌。
• Derrick Rose, who played one season for the Tigers before entering the NBA, was named the league's Most Valuable Player in 2011.德里克·罗斯在进入 NBA 前为孟菲斯虎队效力一个赛季，并于 2011 年当选 NBA 最有价值球员。
• Fred Thompson, a U.S. Senator from Tennessee between 1994 and 2003 and later a film actor, took his law degree at Memphis State University.弗雷德·汤普森在 1994 至 2003 年间任田纳西州联邦参议员，后成为电影演员，其法学学位得自孟菲斯州立大学。
• Steve Cohen, who has represented Tennessee's Ninth Congressional District since 2007, is a graduate of the university.自 2007 年起代表田纳西州第九国会选区的史蒂夫·科恩是该校毕业生。
• Dixie Carter, best known for the television series Designing Women, studied at Memphis State before turning to acting.以电视剧《设计女性》闻名的迪克西·卡特在转向表演之前曾就读于孟菲斯州立大学。
• Jason Isbell, a Grammy-winning singer and songwriter, and the jazz pianist Mulgrew Miller both came through the university's music programme.多次获格莱美奖的创作歌手杰森·伊斯贝尔与爵士钢琴家马尔格鲁·米勒都出自该校音乐项目。
• Stephen Gostkowski, a kicker who won three Super Bowl titles with the New England Patriots, and the running back DeAngelo Williams are Memphis alumni in professional football.随新英格兰爱国者队三夺超级碗的踢球手斯蒂芬·戈斯特科夫斯基与跑卫德安杰洛·威廉姆斯，都是该校出身的职业橄榄球运动员。
• Ralph Faudree, a mathematician known for work in Ramsey theory who served as interim president in 2000 and 2001, spent his career on the Memphis faculty.以拉姆齐理论研究著称的数学家拉尔夫·福德里曾在 2000 与 2001 年出任临时校长，其学术生涯一直在孟菲斯大学任教。