University of Maribor

The University of Maribor, known in Slovene as Univerza v Mariboru, is a public research university seated in the city of Maribor and is the second-largest and second-oldest university in Slovenia after the University of Ljubljana.马里博尔大学在斯洛文尼亚语中称作 Univerza v Mariboru，是一所坐落于马里博尔市的公立研究型大学，规模与办学年限仅次于卢布尔雅那大学，是斯洛文尼亚第二所高等学府。

Its organised history begins with a theological seminary founded in 1859 through the encouragement of the Maribor bishop and Slovene patriot Anton Martin Slomšek, while the university itself was formally established only in 1975.本校有组织的办学历程始于 1859 年设立的一所神学院，由马里博尔主教、斯洛文尼亚民族志士安东·马丁·斯洛姆舍克推动创办，而大学本身则迟至 1975 年才正式建立。

Today the university groups seventeen faculties across Maribor and seven other Slovenian towns, offers some eighteen thousand student places, and it places in the 901-950 band of the QS World University Rankings 2027.如今该校统合十七个学院，分布于马里博尔及另外七座斯洛文尼亚城镇，提供约一万八千个学额，并在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中处于 901-950 位区间。

History

• Anton Martin Slomšek, a bishop born in 1800 and beatified by the Catholic Church in 1999, moved the See of Lavant to Maribor in 1859 and opened the diocesan theological seminary there.斯洛姆舍克是一位生于 1800 年、1999 年由天主教会宣列真福的主教，他于 1859 年将拉万特教区主教座迁至马里博尔，并在此创办教区神学院。

• That seminary was the institutional seed from which the modern university would later grow, and Slomšek is still honoured as the patron whose literacy and schooling campaigns shaped Slovene national identity in the Styria region.这所神学院正是后来现代大学生长的制度源头，斯洛姆舍克至今仍被尊为奠基庇护者，他在施蒂里亚地区推动识字与办学，塑造了斯洛文尼亚的民族认同。

• A two-year teacher-training school was added to the city in 1863 and was extended into a four-year programme in 1888, broadening higher education in Maribor well before the university itself existed.1863 年该市又增设一所两年制师范学校，并于 1888 年将其扩展为四年制课程，远在大学本身成立之前便已拓宽了马里博尔的中等以上教育。

• After the Second World War new professional faculties were created in rapid succession, beginning in 1959 with faculties covering economics, business and technology that still anchor the university today.二战结束后新的专业学院相继设立，最先于 1959 年创办的是涵盖经济、商学与工艺的学院，这些学院至今仍是本校的中坚。

• The faculties of agronomy and of law followed in 1960, and a faculty of pedagogy opened in 1961, so that by the early 1960s the city already hosted several separate degree-granting schools.农学与法律学院于 1960 年相继成立，师范学院则于 1961 年开办，故至 1960 年代初该市已拥有多所互不相属、可授予学位的学校。

• These schools were first loosely federated before the opening ceremony of 19 September 1975 formally constituted the University of Maribor as a single unified institution under one rectorate.这些学校起初只是松散联合，直到 1975 年 9 月 19 日的开学典礼才把它们正式整合为统一的马里博尔大学，由同一校长机构统辖。

• Its founding fell within a wider Yugoslav boom of the 1970s, when Osijek, Rijeka, Split, Mostar, Podgorica, Bitola, Banja Luka, Kragujevac and Tuzla all gained brand-new universities of their own.其创建正逢 1970 年代南斯拉夫的高教扩张潮，奥西耶克、里耶卡、斯普利特、莫斯塔尔、波德戈里察、比托拉、巴尼亚卢卡、克拉古耶瓦茨与图兹拉皆于彼时新建各自的大学。

• Among the earliest rectors of the newly unified institution were Dali Džonlagić and Alojz Križman, who steered the young university through its first fragile years of consolidated operation.这所新整合机构最早期的校长包括达利·琼拉吉奇与阿洛伊茨·克里日曼，他们引领这所年轻的大学度过了统一办学最初脆弱的岁月。

• A later rector, Ludvik Toplak, went on after leaving the rectorate to head the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, linking the university to the highest tier of the country's learned establishment.继任校长之一的路德维克·托普拉克在卸任校长之后又出任斯洛文尼亚科学与艺术院院长，使本校与国家学术体制的最高层相连。

• Ivan Rozman and Igor Tičar likewise held the rectorship as the university steadily expanded its faculties and its research profile through the closing years of Yugoslavia and the 1990s.伊万·罗兹曼与伊戈尔·蒂恰尔也曾执掌校长之职，在南斯拉夫末期与 1990 年代持续推动学校扩充学院并提升科研影响力。

• After Slovenia became independent in 1991 the university reorganised its governance and later adopted the three-cycle Bologna degree structure that is now shared across the whole of Europe.1991 年斯洛文尼亚独立后，大学重组了内部治理，并在随后采纳如今通行于整个欧洲的博洛尼亚三级学位体系。

• International engagement deepened from 1995, when student and academic staff mobility began to flow steadily through the CEEPUS Central European exchange scheme operated among regional universities.对外交流自 1995 年起不断加深，师生流动于该年开始经由区域大学间运作的中欧大学交流计划 CEEPUS 稳定展开。

• Since 1998 the university has taken part in the European Union Framework Programmes for research, and the number of its international collaborative projects has risen in almost every year since.自 1998 年起该校持续参与欧盟科研框架计划，其国际协作项目的数量此后几乎逐年递增。

• It joined the Erasmus Programme in 1999, and in the 1999-2000 academic year alone it hosted eighteen incoming and sent out eighty-six outgoing exchange students to partner institutions abroad.本校于 1999 年加入伊拉斯谟计划，仅在 1999 至 2000 学年就接收十八名、派出八十六名交换学生赴海外伙伴院校。

• Such mobility grew quickly, and by the 2011-2012 academic year the university recorded about three hundred and fifty incoming and two hundred and eighty outgoing Erasmus students each year.此类流动迅速扩大，到 2011 至 2012 学年该校每年记录的伊拉斯谟学生约达接收三百五十名、派出二百八十名。

• A further boost came in 2012, when Maribor shared the European Capital of Culture title with Guimarães in Portugal and the university joined the associated European Capitals of Culture university network.另一提振来自 2012 年，马里博尔与葡萄牙吉马良斯共获欧洲文化之都称号，大学也加入了相应的欧洲文化之都大学网络。

• In late 2017 and early 2018 Jan Žan Oplotnik served as acting rector for nearly a year, bridging the interval while the university waited for a fresh election to the office.2017 年岁末至 2018 年初，扬·日安·奥普洛特尼克以代理校长身份主持校务近一年，衔接了大学等待重新选举校长期间的过渡。

• In 2018 Zdravko Kačič was elected rector of the university, bringing to its highest office an academic background in electrical engineering and computer science from one of its technical faculties.2018 年兹德拉夫科·卡奇奇当选大学校长，他为学校最高职位带来了来自本校某工学院的电气工程与计算机科学学术背景。

• By 2013 the university reported 19,369 enrolled students, a body made up of 15,294 undergraduates, 3,497 master's students and 577 doctoral candidates, taught and administered by 1,739 staff.到 2013 年该校报告在册学生 19,369 名，由本科生 15,294 名、硕士生 3,497 名与博士生 577 名构成，教研及行政人员共 1,739 名。

• Enrolment settled lower in later years, with the English Wikipedia infobox citing 13,988 students for 2023 and roughly 1,800 administrative staff, while the QS profile still counts about eighteen thousand.此后注册规模有所回落，英文维基百科信息框记 2023 年有学生 13,988 名、行政人员约 1,800 名，而 QS 档案仍计约一万八千人。

• Over the decades faculties in medicine, energy technology, health sciences and the natural sciences were successively added, so that the original 1975 core nearly quadrupled in academic breadth.数十年来学校陆续增设医学、能源技术、健康科学与自然科学等学院，使 1975 年的原始核心在学科广度上几乎扩大了三倍。

• The university defines itself as an autonomous public body combining scientific research, higher education and regional development, a self-image that was formalised after Slovenian independence in the early 1990s.本校自视为兼具科学研究、高等教育与区域发展的公立自治机构，这一自我定位是在 1990 年代初斯洛文尼亚独立后正式确立的。

Academics

• The seventeen faculties range from medicine and engineering to law, economics and the arts, giving the University of Maribor a broad and comprehensive profile rather than the narrow focus of a purely technical institute.十七个学院横跨医学、工程、法学、经济至艺术诸领域，使马里博尔大学具备宽厚综合的学科布局，而非一所纯技术院校那样狭窄的方向。

• Most faculties sit in Maribor itself, while the Faculty of Criminal Justice and Security operates in the capital Ljubljana and those of Organizational Sciences and Logistics serve Kranj, Krško and Celje.多数学院设在马里博尔本地，刑事司法与安全学院则位于首都卢布尔雅那，组织科学学院与物流学院分驻克拉尼、克尔什科与采列。

• A Faculty of Tourism in Brežice and a Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences in Hoče extend the university's teaching and research into the open countryside of the wider Slovene regions beyond any big city.位于布雷日采的旅游学院与霍采的农业与生命科学学院，把教学科研延伸到远离大城市的斯洛文尼亚各地的旷野乡间。

• Engineering and computer science are anchored by the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, both of which have long been among the largest faculties by student enrolment.工程与计算机科学由电气工程与计算机科学学院以及机械工程学院支撑，二者历来都是按注册学生数计规模最大的学院之一。

• The Faculty of Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering and Architecture together with the Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering round out the technical portfolio that the university has built up since the 1960s.土木工程、交通工程与建筑学院连同化学与化学工程学院，共同充实了本校自 1960 年代以来逐步建立的技术学科组合。

• The energy transition is addressed through the specialised Faculty of Energy Technology, one of the relatively rare faculties devoted to that single field anywhere in Central and South-Eastern Europe.能源转型议题由专门的能源技术学院承担，这是中欧与东南欧地区为数不多的专注于这一单一领域的学院之一。

• On the health side the Faculty of Medicine works closely with the university clinical hospital in Maribor, while the Faculty of Health Sciences trains nurses, physiotherapists and other allied health professionals.在健康学科方面，医学院与马里博尔的大学临床医院密切合作，健康科学学院则培养护理、理疗及其他相关卫生专业的从业人员。

• The Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics hosts the physics research that, measured by citation impact, carried the university into the top one per cent of institutions in that field worldwide.自然科学数学学院支撑起本校的物理学研究，若以引用影响衡量，正是这项研究将学校带入该学科全球机构的前百分之一。

• The Faculty of Economics and Business and the Faculty of Law, both direct heirs to schools founded before 1961, have remained among the most prestigious and consistently oversubscribed units of the university.经济与商学院和法律学院皆是 1961 年前所办学校的直接继承者，至今仍是全校最具声望、报考持续最热的院系之一。

• Humanities and social sciences are carried by the Faculty of Arts, the Faculty of Education and the Faculty of Organizational Sciences, the last of which preserves the pedagogy tradition begun with the school of 1863.人文与社会科学由艺术学院、师范学院与组织科学学院承担，其中后者延续了始于 1863 年那所师范学校的教育学传统。

• Executive authority rests with the rector, assisted by several vice-rectors and a secretary general, while the University Senate of deans, academics and student representatives determines policy and structure.校长执掌行政，由数名副校长与一名秘书长辅佐，而由院长、学者与学生代表组成的大学参议院则决定学校的政策与结构。

• Degrees are awarded at the bachelor's, master's and doctoral levels in the three-cycle format that was introduced after Slovenia joined the Bologna Process and aligned itself with European higher education.学位设学士、硕士、博士三级，沿用斯洛文尼亚加入博洛尼亚进程、与欧洲高等教育接轨之后所确立的三段式结构。

• Through the Erasmus Mundus JoinEU-SEE scheme the university links European and Western Balkan institutions in joint postgraduate study, an initiative aligned with the foreign-policy aims of the European Union.借助伊拉斯谟世界计划中的 JoinEU-SEE 项目，该校把欧洲与西巴尔干的院校联结为联合研究生培养，此举契合欧盟的外交政策目标。

• Formal international agreements bind the university to partner institutions such as Tel Aviv University, Macquarie University, the Technical University of Munich, the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart in Milan and Fujian Normal University on four different continents.校际正式协议使本校与特拉维夫大学、麦考瑞大学、慕尼黑工业大学、米兰的圣心天主教大学、福建师范大学等伙伴院校合作，这些学校分处四大洲。

• The university is a member of the European University Association, the largest network of European higher-education institutions, and also takes part in several regional rectors' conferences.该校是欧洲大学协会的会员，也是这一欧洲最大高教机构网络的成员，同时还参与多个区域性大学校长联席会议。

• Research and study are supported by the Maribor University Library, the central Computing Center and a wide network of separate faculty libraries spread across all eight of the university's host towns.科研与教学由马里博尔大学图书馆、中央计算中心以及遍布本校八个所在城市、各院独立图书馆组成的广泛网络共同支撑。

• Graduate study is served by a dedicated Postgraduate and Visiting Faculty Home, which houses research students and foreign academics engaged on exchange or collaborative projects with the university's faculties.研究生教育由专门的研究生与访问教师之家服务，此处收容从事交流与协作项目、与各学院合作的研究生及外籍学者。

Campus

• The historic administrative heart of the university stands on Slomšek Square in the centre of Maribor, the ceremonial seat from which successive rectors have directed the running of the whole institution.大学历史性的行政核心坐落于马里博尔市中心的斯洛姆舍克广场，是历代校长统理全校校政的象征性驻地所在。

• Alongside its academic buildings the university maintains the Maribor University Library, students' dormitories, a Computing Center, the Leon Štukelj Sporting Center and a home set aside for postgraduate and visiting faculty.除教学楼外，学校还设有马里博尔大学图书馆、学生宿舍、计算中心、莱昂·什图克尔体育中心，以及一处专供研究生与访问教师使用的居所。

• The sporting center is named after Leon Štukelj, the Maribor-born gymnast who won three Olympic gold medals across the 1924 Paris and 1928 Amsterdam Games, an enduring civic hero.体育中心以莱昂·什图克尔命名，这位生于马里博尔的体操选手在 1924 年巴黎与 1928 年阿姆斯特丹两届奥运会上共夺得三枚金牌，是长盛不衰的城市英雄。

• Because its faculties are scattered across eight towns, the university consciously presents itself as a regional developer that roots higher education firmly in places well outside the capital Ljubljana.因学院散布于八座城镇，该校有意把自己定位为在首都卢布尔雅那之外、把高等教育牢固扎根于各地的区域发展推动者。

• Each faculty runs its own library with both print and electronic holdings, so that the university's scholarly resources reach students at every site rather than being concentrated only in Maribor itself.各学院皆设兼具纸质与电子馆藏的独立图书馆，使全校学术资源惠及每一个校点的学生，而非仅集中于马里博尔本地。

• The setting of Maribor, on the Drava river beneath the Slovene Styrian hills close to the Austrian border, gives the campus a compact and walkable character right beside the old town.马里博尔地处德拉瓦河畔、斯洛文尼亚施蒂里亚丘陵之下、紧邻奥地利边境，使校园贴近老城而呈现紧凑宜步行的格局。

• Student halls of residence accommodate the many trainees who come from outside Maribor, including those studying at the satellite faculties in Kranj, Krško, Celje and Brežice who must lodge away from home.学生宿舍容纳大量来自马里博尔之外的求学者，其中包括在克拉尼、克尔什科、采列与布雷日采卫星学院就读、须在外住宿之人。

• The European Capital of Culture year of 2012 brought renovated public spaces, new cultural venues and a richer programme of events that the university and the citizens of Maribor were able to share.2012 年欧洲文化之都的盛举带来翻新的公共空间、新的文化场馆与更丰富的活动安排，为大学与马里博尔市民所共享。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 the University of Maribor sits in the 901-950 band, close to the same range in which it has been placed in several editions over the past decade.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，马里博尔大学位列 901-950 位区间，与其过去十年数个年度榜所处的区间大致相当。

• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 places the university in the 1201-1400 band, while the US News Best Global Universities table for 2026-2027 ranks it 1216th in the world.泰晤士高等教育 2027 年世界大学排名将其置于 1201-1400 档，而 US News 2026-2027 年度全球最佳大学排名给它世界第 1216 名。

• For its part, the Academic Ranking of World Universities maintained by ShanghaiRanking did not list the University of Maribor at all in its 2026 edition of the league table.软科世界大学学术排名（由上海 Ranking 发布）在其 2026 年榜单中完全未收录马里博尔大学。

• OpenAlex records 30,897 scholarly works attributed to the institution and 1,052,701 citations received by those works, a quantitative measure of its cumulative research footprint in the scholarly record.据 OpenAlex 数据库，该校累计署名学术成果 30,897 项、这些成果获引用 1,052,701 次，可视为其在学术记录中科研总影响的量化标度。

• An analysis of Essential Science Indicators data from Thomson Reuters found Maribor's physics among the world's top one per cent of institutions and the most-cited of the nine that broke into that tier.一项基于汤森路透基本科学指标数据的分析发现，马里博尔的物理学跻身全球前百分之一的机构之列，且是九个进入该档的机构中引用数居首者。

• On the Ranking Web of World Universities maintained by CSIC the university was placed 534th of some twelve thousand institutions in 2010 and within the top fifteen of Central and Eastern Europe.在西班牙科学信息研究委员会维护的世界大学网络排名中，该校 2010 年在约一万两千家机构里列第 534 位，并跻身中东欧前十五名。

• In regional terms QS ranked the university 80th among the institutions of Emerging Europe and Central Asia in 2022, and placed one of its subject fields in the 401-550 band of the QS subject tables.在区域层面，QS 于 2022 年将该校列为新兴欧洲与中亚地区的第 80 名，并把其一个学科领域置于 QS 学科榜的 401-550 档。

• Within Slovenia it is consistently counted as the country's second-strongest university after Ljubljana, a standing reflected alike in its size, its breadth of faculties and its aggregate research output.在斯洛文尼亚国内，它一贯被视为仅次于卢布尔雅那大学的第二强学府，这一地位同时体现在其规模、学院广度与科研总产出上。

• The university counts no Nobel, Turing or Fields laureate among its permanent teaching staff, a limitation it shares with most other institutions placed within this particular QS ranking band.该校的常任教职中并无诺贝尔奖、图灵奖或菲尔兹奖得主，这是它与处于该 QS 区间多数院校所共有的局限。

• Its reputation is thus built less on laureate counts than on a widely cited physics research front, dense Erasmus engagement and a distinctive role as a developer of higher education across several Slovenian regions.因此其声誉并非建立在获奖人数上，而是依托被广泛引用的物理学前沿、密集的伊拉斯谟交流，以及作为斯洛文尼亚多区域高等教育开拓者的独特角色。

Student life

• Around thirteen to eighteen thousand students study at the University of Maribor depending on the source, and the QS profile reports a split of roughly 69 per cent undergraduates to 31 per cent postgraduates.据不同来源约有一万三千至一万八千名学生在马里博尔大学就读，QS 档案记录本科生与研究生之比约为 69% 对 31%。

• That same profile also lists around 1,355 international students on campus, drawn largely from the wider Erasmus and CEEPUS mobility circles with which the university has built long-standing links.同一档案还列出校内约 1,355 名国际学生，主要来自该校长期建立联系的更广泛的伊拉斯谟与 CEEPUS 交流网络。

• Erasmus mobility rose from 104 recorded movements in the 1999-2000 academic year to several hundred a year by 2011-2012, making exchange students a visible and everyday part of campus life.伊拉斯谟流动规模从 1999 至 2000 学年记录的 104 人次增至 2011 至 2012 年每年数百人次，交换学生因此成为校园生活中随处可见的日常部分。

• Students elect representatives both to the University Senate and to a dedicated Students' Council, the latter being the body that debates welfare, housing, curriculum and other matters of direct student concern.学生既选出代表进入大学参议院，也选出代表进入专设的学生会，后者是讨论福利、住宿、课程及一切与学生切身相关事务的机构。

• The Leon Štukelj Sporting Center and the network of student dormitories anchor day-to-day social and athletic life, particularly for the many students who commute to Maribor from other Slovenian towns.莱昂·什图克尔体育中心与学生宿舍网络构成日常社交与体育生活的重心，尤其服务于众多从斯洛文尼亚其他城镇往返马里博尔就读的学生。

• Membership of the European Academic and Sports Network gives Maribor students access to continental university competitions, so that sport is woven into the wider rhythm of the academic year.作为欧洲学术体育网络的成员，马里博尔学生得以上参加泛欧大学赛事，使体育融入了学年整体的节奏之中。

• Maribor's identity as the European Capital of Culture of 2012 left students a lasting array of theatres, galleries and festivals that all lie within easy walking reach of the university faculties.作为 2012 年欧洲文化之都，马里博尔为学生留下剧院、画廊与节庆的丰厚遗产，这些皆可步行轻松抵达各学院。

• Because faculties stand in eight different towns, student life at the university has a distinctly regional flavour, with freshers at satellite sites forming their own tight communities around local campuses.由于学院分布于八座不同城镇，本校的学生生活带有鲜明的区域色彩，卫星校点的新生围绕当地校区形成各自紧密的社群。

Notable people

• Bishop Anton Martin Slomšek, who founded the seed seminary in 1859 and was beatified in 1999, remains the university's defining historical patron and the namesake of its central Maribor square.斯洛姆舍克主教于 1859 年创办了作为源头的学塾、并于 1999 年获宣真福，至今仍被视作该校最重要的历史庇护者，亦是马里博尔市中心广场的命名来源。

• Rector Ludvik Toplak later presided over the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, formally linking the university where he once taught to the country's senior learned establishment.校长路德维克·托普拉克后来主持斯洛文尼亚科学与艺术院，正式把他曾执教的这所大学与国家资深的学术机构联系起来。

• Physicist Matjaž Perc, a specialist in complexity and network science, exemplifies precisely the kind of physics research that helped put the university into the world's top one per cent by citations.物理学家马蒂亚什·佩尔茨专精复杂性与网络科学，正是此类研究助力学校按引用数进入全球前百分之一的典范代表。

• Historian Oto Luthar, well known for his work on the Slovene minority and on the social history of the Karst region, taught for years within the university's Faculty of Arts.历史学家奥托·卢塔尔以研究斯洛文尼亚少数民族与喀斯特地区社会史著称，长期任教于本校的艺术学院。

• Linguist Zinka Zorko documented the Carinthian dialects of Slovene, while nursing scholar Majda Pajnkihar helped build up and lead the university's Faculty of Health Sciences into a mature school.语言学家津卡·佐尔科记录克恩顿州的斯洛文尼亚方言，护理学者玛伊达·帕因基哈尔则协助创建并领导健康科学学院走向成熟。

• Alpine ski champion Tina Maze and international swimmer Blaž Medvešek are among the university's best-known sporting alumni, carrying the city's athletic reputation onto the world stage.高山滑雪冠军蒂娜·马泽与国际游泳选手布拉兹·梅德韦舍克是该校最知名的体育校友之列，将这座城市的运动声誉带上了世界舞台。

• Writer Drago Jančar, one of Slovenia's most widely translated prose authors, and lawyer and elections scholar Jurij Toplak both pursued their studies at the university in Maribor.作家德拉戈·扬查尔是斯洛文尼亚被译介最广的散文作者之一，法学家与选举学者尤里·托普拉克皆曾在这所马里博尔的大学求学。

• Ljudmila Novak, a Slovene politician who served as a government minister and as a member of the European Parliament, is counted among the graduates the university has produced in public life.斯洛文尼亚政治人物柳德米拉·诺瓦克曾任政府部长并出任欧洲议会议员，被视为该校在公共领域培养出的毕业生之一。

• Politicians Darko Horvat, who once served as Minister of Economy of Croatia, together with Feri Horvat and Mária Pozsonec, are further alumni who went on to active careers in public affairs.曾任克罗地亚经济部长的达尔科·霍尔瓦特，连同费里·霍尔瓦特与玛丽亚·波松内茨，是又几位投身公共事务的活跃校友。

• Olympic gymnast Leon Štukelj, after whom the university's main sporting center is named, ties Maribor's sporting memory firmly to the academic campus that honours him today.奥运体操选手莱昂·什图克尔之名被冠于校主要体育中心，使马里博尔的体育记忆与如今纪念他的学术校园牢固相连。