University of Lorraine

The University of Lorraine, in French Université de Lorraine and abbreviated as UL, is a public research university of north-eastern France whose teaching is spread over 51 campus sites in the Lorraine region of the Grand Est.洛林大学（法语：Université de Lorraine，缩写为 UL）是法国东北部大东部大区洛林地区的一所公立研究型大学，办学点遍布全区 51 个校园。

The present institution came into law on 1 January 2012, when Henri Poincaré University, Nancy 2 University, the National Polytechnic Institute of Lorraine and Paul Verlaine University of Metz were merged into a single university meant to unify the main colleges of the whole region.现在的这所大学于 2012 年 1 月 1 日依法成立，由亨利·庞加莱大学、南锡第二大学、洛林国立理工学院与梅斯保罗·魏尔伦大学合并而成，其目的正是把全大区的主要院校合为一体。

It carries more than 62,000 students, of whom about 10,000 come from abroad, together with some 7,000 staff, and in the QS World University Rankings 2027 it is placed in the 801-850 band.该校在校生逾 62,000 人，其中外国学生约 10,000 人，教职工约 7,000 人，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中列第 801-850 位。

History

• The remote origin of the university is normally put in 1572, when the original University of Lorraine was founded at Pont-à-Mousson, a town then in the duchy rather than in either Nancy or Metz.该校的远祖通常追溯到 1572 年，当年第一所洛林大学在蓬塔穆松（Pont-à-Mousson）创立，其地当时属洛林公国，既不在南锡也不在梅斯。

• That sixteenth-century foundation was the work of Duke Charles III of Lorraine and of Cardinal Charles of Lorraine, and the running of the new studium was entrusted to the Jesuits.这一十六世纪的创校事业出自洛林公爵查理三世与洛林枢机查理之手，新学校的日常运作则交由耶稣会士执掌。

• The Jesuit university was moved from Pont-à-Mousson to Nancy in 1768, which is why Nancy, and not the older ducal town, holds the centre of gravity of the present university.耶稣会主办的这所大学于 1768 年由蓬塔穆松迁往南锡，正因如此，今日洛林大学的重心落在南锡而非更古老的公爵之城。

• The revolutionary authorities closed the university in 1793, and teaching in Lorraine was carried on for two generations without it until the institution was reopened in 1864.革命政权于 1793 年关闭该校，此后两代人的洛林教学在无大学名义的状态下延续，直到 1864 年该校重新开学。

• Because the legal act of union dates from 2012 while the foundation it invokes dates from 1572, the university carries two founding dates in the same record, one of statute and one of tradition.由于合并的法律行为系于 2012 年、而其所追溯的创校系于 1572 年，该校在同一份记录中并存两个建校年份：一个是章程之年，一个是传统之年。

• The Faure law of 1968 reorganised French higher education and, in Lorraine, created three bodies at one stroke, the two Nancy universities and the polytechnic institute that would meet again in 2012.1968 年的富尔法改组法国高等教育，在洛林一举创设三个实体，即南锡的两所大学与那座理工学院，它们到 2012 年再度会合。

• One of the bodies created in 1968 was Henri Poincaré University, which regional usage numbered Nancy 1 and which took its name from the French mathematician Henri Poincaré.1968 年所设实体之一是亨利·庞加莱大学，地方上称其为南锡第一大学，校名取自法国数学家亨利·庞加莱。

• The second was Nancy 2 University, the other comprehensive university of the same town, so that after 1968 Nancy held two separately incorporated universities each with its own faculties and estates.其二是南锡第二大学，为同城另一所综合性大学，因此 1968 年之后的南锡同时拥有两所独立建制的大学，各自设学院与校舍。

• Also in 1968 the National Polytechnic Institute of Lorraine, familiar by its French initials INPL, was constituted as the grouping body of the region's independent schools of engineering.同在 1968 年，洛林国立理工学院以法语缩写 INPL 为人所知，组建为该地区独立工程师学校的联合体。

• Before the merger, the polytechnic institute is recorded as grouping 11 engineer schools and about 6,000 students, a weight of its own inside the process that began in 2009 and ended in 2012.合并之前，该理工学院据载统辖 11 所工程师学校、学生约 6,000 人，在 2009 年启动、2012 年告终的合并进程中自为一股分量。

• The Metz partner was younger: the Paul Verlaine University, then called the University of Metz, was created in 1971, three years after the Nancy settlement of 1968.梅斯一方更为年轻：当时称作梅斯大学的保罗·魏尔伦大学创设于 1971 年，比 1968 年的南锡建制晚三年。

• The Nancy universities and the polytechnic institute had already been drawn together under the Nancy-Université label, itself a merger of Henri Poincaré University, Nancy 2 University and the institute.南锡两校与理工学院此前已在「南锡大学联盟」名号下聚合，该联盟本身即由亨利·庞加莱大学、南锡第二大学与洛林国立理工学院合并而来。

• The merger process began in 2009 with the creation of a research and higher education pole, abbreviated PRES in French usage and given by the university's own history as the first institutional step towards the union.合并进程始于 2009 年设立的研究与高等教育集群（PRES），该校自家历史把它列为通于合并的第一步建制。

• That preparatory phase lasted three years, and the four institutions were formally united on 1 January 2012, the date the university itself gives for its own birth.这一准备阶段历时三年，四所院校于 2012 年 1 月 1 日正式合一，该校亦以此日作为自身诞生日。

• The stated aim of the union was to unify the main colleges of the Lorraine region under one voice, rather than let Nancy and Metz continue to bid separately for students, researchers and state funding.合并的公开目标是把洛林大区的主要院校归于一声，以免南锡与梅斯继续为生源、研究者与国家经费各自竞标。

• Alongside the university there is also a university foundation, ID+ Lorraine, which the record of the merger lists as one of the bodies supporting the new institution.该校之外另有一所大学基金会「ID+ 洛林」，合并的记载把它列为支持新机构的一方。

• In 2021 the university assumed a coat of arms, described in heraldic terms as a black shield with two open silver books above a golden escutcheon carrying a red bend and three silver eagles.2021 年该校正式采用纹章，其纹学术语记作黑底之盾、上方两册摊开的银书、下方金徽承红色斜带与三只银鹰。

• That assumption of arms came nine years after the union of 2012, the date at which the merged institution acquired a visible emblem of its own rather than continuing to use those of its predecessors.采用纹章远在 2012 年合并之后九年，至此这个合并实体才获得自身的可见徽记，而不必沿用前身的旧徽。

• The merged university inherited the research units of its predecessors rather than creating new ones, and those units are recorded as linked with the principal French research organisations.合并后的大学承袭各校原有的研究单位而非新建，而这些单位据载与法国主要的研究机构保持联结。

• The union of 2012 therefore dissolved two structures at once, the Nancy grouping of three bodies and the regional pole of 2009, in order to leave a single university speaking for the whole of Lorraine.2012 年的合并因而同时结束两层架构，即南锡三校的联合体与 2009 年的地区集群，使全区只余一所大学出面说话。

• The four estates which met in 2012 were three comprehensive universities and one specialised group of engineering schools, and that mixture of general and technical teaching is the defining feature of the merged university.2012 年会合的四份遗产是三所同类型的综合性大学与一所专业性较强的工程师学校群，普通教学与技术教学相混正是这所合并大学的本征特征。

Academics

• Teaching is organised in 43 teaching units, faculties, schools and departments, grouped into nine collegia, while the parallel French-language count gives 45 units under the same nine divisions.教学编制为 43 个教学单位，包括学院、学校与学系，分属九个学部，而另一份口径在同一九个学部之下记为 45 个单位。

• The nine collegia are Arts, Literature and Languages, Engineering Schools, Health, Humanities and Social Sciences, Interface, Law, Economy and Management, Lorraine Management Innovation, Sciences and Technologies, and Technology.九个学部依序为艺术文学语言学部、工程师学校部、卫生学部、人文社会科学学部、交叉学部、法律经济管理学部、洛林管理创新学部、科学技术学部与技术学部。

• The published offer of qualifications runs to 42 bachelor's degrees, 88 professional bachelor's programmes, 28 university technology diplomas, 178 master's degrees, 15 engineer diplomas and 124 university or inter-university diplomas, while the catalogue adds two kinds of admission diploma, one level certificate and three national diplomas.公开的文凭目录计有 42 种学士、88 种职业学士、28 种大学技术文凭、178 种硕士、15 种工程师文凭与 124 种大学或大学间文凭，另列两种大学学习准入文凭、一种水平证书与三种国家文凭。

• Within that list 138 programmes may be followed as apprenticeships, and 255 continuing-education programmes are open to people already at work, figures that describe the vocational reach of the merged university.在该目录中，138 个专业可依学徒制就读，另有 255 种继续教育项目面向在职人员，这些数字勾勒出合并后大学的职业覆盖面。

• The engineering group carries the eleven schools of the former polytechnic institute, among them the National School of Geology at Nancy and the National Higher School of Chemical Industries.工程师学校群承继旧理工学院的十一所学校，其中包括南锡的国立高等地质学院与国立高等化学工业学院。

• Also in the engineering group are the National Higher School of Agriculture and Food Industries, the National Higher School of Electricity and Mechanics, and the National Higher School of Wood Industries and Technologies.该群还包括国立高等农学与食品工业学院、国立高等电气与机械学院以及国立高等木材工业技术学院。

• Three further schools complete the list, the European School of Engineers in Materials at Nancy, the National School of Engineers of Metz and the National Higher School in Systems and Innovation Engineering.另有三校补足此列：南锡的欧洲材料工程师学校、梅斯国立工程师学校，以及国立高等信息工程与创新学院。

• The group is joined by Mines Nancy, the national higher school of mines, and by two schools named for their fields, Polytech Nancy and Telecom Nancy, the last carrying telecommunications in its title.该群尚有国立南锡矿业学院，以及两所以专业入名的学校，即南锡理工学院与南锡电信学院，后者在名称中带着电信二字。

• The Health collegium sits almost wholly at Nancy with a faculty of medicine, a faculty of odontology, a faculty of pharmacy and a faculty of sport science, plus a department of physical and sporting activities.卫生学部几乎全在南锡，设有医学院、口腔医学院、药学院与体育科学学院，另设一个身体与体育活动学系。

• The Law, Economy and Management collegium holds the Nancy faculty of law, economic and management studies and the corresponding Metz faculty, together with the Nancy European University Centre.法律经济管理学部辖有南锡法律经济与管理学院及梅斯的对应学院，并含南锡欧洲大学中心。

• Two vocational arms belong to the same collegium, the Nancy institute for preparation to general administration and the Nancy regional institute of work, the names of the two marking the fields they teach.同一学部下设两个职业向机构，即南锡公务员考试准备学院与南锡大区劳动学院，两者校名即标示其教学领域。

• The Arts, Literature and Languages collegium includes the European Institute of Cinema and Audiovisual at Nancy and separate faculties of arts, letters and languages at Nancy and at Metz.艺术文学语言学部含南锡的欧洲电影与视听学院，以及南锡与梅斯各自独立的艺术文学语言学院。

• The Interface collegium was built for crossing students, holding the Franco-German higher institute of technology, economy and science at Metz, the higher school for teaching and education, and the language unit for specialists of other disciplines.交叉学部为跨学科学生而设，辖梅斯的法德高等技术经济科学学院、教育与师范学校，以及面向其他专业学生的语言学院。

• Management teaching is split between the Lorraine Management Innovation collegium, holding the Nancy institute of administration and management and the Metz higher school of management, and the ordinary law and economics faculties.管理学教学分属两处：洛林管理创新学部辖南锡高等管理学院与梅斯高等管理学院，一般法律与经济院系另自授课。

• Under the Technology collegium are eight university technology institutes, at Épinal, Longwy, Metz, Moselle-East, Nancy-Brabois, Nancy-Charlemagne, Saint-Dié-des-Vosges and Thionville-Yutz.技术学部下辖八所学院：埃皮纳勒、隆维、梅斯、东摩泽尔、南锡-布哈博瓦、南锡-查理曼、孚日圣迪耶与蒂永维尔-伊于特。

• Research is carried on in 60 research units organised into ten scientific poles, while the parallel count of formally labelled laboratories gives 72, the difference lying in how associated units are counted.研究由 60 个研究单位承担并编为十个科学轴，另一口径所载获正式资质标签的实验室为 72 个，差异来自附属单位的计法不同。

• Those units are held jointly with the French National Center for Scientific Research, the National Institute of Health and Medical Research, the National Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment and the National Institute for research in digital science and technology.这些单位与法国国家科学研究中心、国家健康与医学研究院、国家农学研究院以及国家计算机与自动装置研究院共设共管。

• Among the best-known are the Lorraine Laboratory for research in computer science and its applications, known as LORIA, and the Jean Lamour Institute for materials science, both inherited from the Nancy side.其中最著名者为洛林计算机及其应用研究实验室，简称 LORIA，以及让·拉穆尔材料科学研究所，两者均由南锡一方继承而来。

• Doctoral training runs through eight doctoral schools whose fields cover life sciences and medicine, science and technology, letters, language, humanities, art, economics, law, management, environment, physics, chemistry, engineering and sport science.博士培养经八所博士生院进行，学科涵盖生命科学与医学、科学与技术、文学、语言、人文、艺术、经济、法律、管理、环境、物理、化学、工学与体育学。

• Those schools host about 400 defended theses a year, and their doctoral population is given as 1,800 students of some 90 nationalities in one count and as more than 2,100 students, half of them foreign, in another.这些博士生院每年承办约 400 次论文答辩，其博士生在一种口径中为 1,800 人、来自约 90 个国家，另一种口径则记为 2,100 余人、半数为外国学生。

Campus

• The university holds 51 campus sites across the Lorraine region, the main concentrations lying around Nancy and Metz, and the Nancy seat is recorded at latitude 48.68439 and longitude 6.18496.该校在洛林全区有 51 处校园，主要集中于南锡与梅斯周边，南锡校本部记载的坐标为北纬 48.68439、东经 6.18496。

• Beyond the two main cities, teaching is given at Épinal, Saint-Dié-des-Vosges, Bar-le-Duc, Lunéville, Thionville-Yutz, Longwy, Forbach, Saint-Avold and Sarreguemines, a map that mirrors the old industrial geography of Lorraine.两主城之外，教学点分布于埃皮纳勒、孚日圣迪耶、巴勒迪克、吕内维尔、蒂永维尔-伊于特、隆维、福尔巴赫、圣阿沃尔德与萨尔格米讷，其地图正映出洛林旧日的工业地理。

• The regional setting matters to that dispersal, since Lorraine borders Germany, Belgium and Luxembourg and is a transit corridor to western Europe, with Paris about ninety minutes away by high-speed train.区域格局支撑了这种分散：洛林与德国、比利时、卢森堡接壤，是法国通向西欧诸国的要道，乘高速列车约九十分钟可到巴黎。

• Documentation is run as a single service with a network of 25 libraries under it, so the merged estate kept its local reading rooms while gaining one common catalogue and policy.文献工作由一个统一部门管理，其下为 25 所图书馆组成的网络，合并后的校园因此既保留地方阅览室，又获得共同书目与政策。

• The university operates cultural venues of its own, among them Le Préau, described in the record as a national theatre, the Bernard-Marie Koltès space, and the House for Science in Lorraine.校方自营若干文化场所，其中包括被记载称为国家剧场的勒普雷奥、贝尔纳-马里·科尔泰斯空间，以及洛林科学之家。

• The record of those venues adds an archaeological museum, an aquarium museum and a museum of the history of iron, the last of the three named for the metal that made the region.相关记载另列考古博物馆、水族博物馆与铁的历史博物馆，三者之末正以造就该地区的金属命名。

• Those entries close with the Jean-Marie Pelt botanical garden, and the record states that the last three of the listed venues are worked together with the authority of Grand Nancy rather than by the university alone.名录以让-马里·佩尔植物园收尾，且记载称所列场所的最后三项与大南锡当局共同经营，而非由大学独办。

• A Confucius Institute works at Metz, and the university keeps long-term agreements with Wuhan University and its Zhongnan Hospital, with Wuhan University of Technology for undergraduate teaching and with the Northeastern University at Shenyang for materials science.梅斯设有孔子学院，该校并与武汉大学及其中南医院长期交流，与武汉理工大学合作本科教学，与沈阳的东北大学合作材料科学。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 the University of Lorraine is listed in the 801-850 band, a tied range rather than a single place, in line with how every institution in this stretch of the table is reported.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，洛林大学列入第 801-850 位，此为并列区间而非单一名次，与本档所有院校的记法一致。

• No place is recorded for the university in the 2027 edition of the Times Higher Education World University Rankings, and this entry states only that it is absent from that table, the THE official list being taken as authoritative.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名未载该校名次，本条目仅记其未进入 THE 2027 榜单，一切以 THE 官方榜单为准。

• That absence should be read with care, since the same 2027 table is known to be missing rows for several large French universities, so the gap may lie in the table rather than in the institution.这一缺席须谨慎解读：同一张 2027 年榜单已知缺少数所法国大型高校的行，因此缺口可能在表而不在校。

• In the 2026-2027 edition of the US News Best Global Universities ranking the university is given a single world place of 466, a precise figure where the QS table of the same cycle offers only a band.在 2026-2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中，该校获列世界第 466 位这一确切名次，而同期 QS 榜单只给出一个区间。

• The 2026 Shanghai Ranking, the Academic Ranking of World Universities, places it in the 301-400 band, a materially better position than its QS place-band of the same cycle.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名将其列入第 301-400 位，明显优于其在同一周期的 QS 档位。

• At subject level the university is reported first in Europe for mining and mineral engineering in the 2021 edition of the Shanghai subject ranking, an older subject table which must not be read as a 2026 result.学科维度上，该校在 2021 年版软科学科排名中被记为矿业与采矿工程欧洲第一，这是旧版学科榜，不可读作 2026 年名次。

• A second subject marker is commercial rather than bibliometric: the undergraduate law programme was ranked 5th in France by Eduniversal with three stars in the 2016-17 round.第二个学科标志出自商业评估而非文献计量：本科法学项目在 2016-17 年度由 Eduniversal 评为法国第 5 名并给三星。

• For measurable research scale this entry relies on institutional counts, namely 60 research units held with four national agencies, 72 labelled laboratories, eight doctoral schools and roughly 400 defended theses each year.本条目以机构口径计量科研规模，即与四个国家机构共设的 60 个研究单位、72 个挂牌实验室、8 所博士生院与每年约 400 次答辩。

• On the honour side the record is unusual for a university of this band, since one Nobel Prize in Chemistry and two Fields Medals are attached to staff who worked at its predecessor institutions.就荣誉计，本档大学少有可比者：一枚诺贝尔化学奖与两枚菲尔兹奖均归属在其前身机构任教的学者。

Student life

• About 10,000 of the more than 62,000 students come from outside France, the largest groups arriving from Luxembourg, Germany, Italy, China, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Senegal, Cameroon and Côte d'Ivoire.逾 62,000 名在校学生中约 10,000 人来自法国之外，人数最多的生源来自卢森堡、德国、意大利、中国、摩洛哥、阿尔及利亚、突尼斯、塞内加尔、喀麦隆与科特迪瓦。

• Measured against about 7,000 staff of every kind, the more than 62,000 students give a nominal load of roughly nine enrolled students for each post, a ratio the record allows only as an arithmetic estimate.以约 7,000 名各类教职工衡之，逾 62,000 名学生意味着每个职位约对应九名在读学生，此比例依记载只能作算术估算看待。

• Work-based study is a standing feature of student life, with 138 programmes open to apprentices and 255 continuing-education programmes designed around the timetable of people already employed.工学并进是校园生活的固定面向：138 个专业可依学徒制就读，255 种继续教育项目则按在职者的时间安排设计。

• The university's cultural estate is available to students at little or no separate cost, since Le Préau, the Bernard-Marie Koltès space, the botanical garden and the three museums are operated or co-operated by the institution.校内文化资产对学生几乎免费开放，因为勒普雷奥剧场、科尔泰斯空间、植物园与三座博物馆均由该校自营或共营。

• Physical activity is taught rather than merely organised, the Nancy faculty of sport science and its department of physical and sporting activities running facilities also used by ordinary students.体育活动在此不仅是社团事务而是教学对象：南锡体育科学学院及其身体与体育活动学系所辖场地亦供普通学生使用。

• The teaching body of about 7,000 staff and a student population of more than 62,000 imply a large residential footprint spread over 51 sites, so most student life is organised locally rather than around one central square.约 7,000 名教职工与逾 62,000 名学生分散在 51 处校园，因此校园生活多在本地组织，而非围绕单一中心广场。

• No student newspaper, confederation of societies or named first team is recorded in the material used here, and the founding and anniversary dates of student bodies remain undocumented in this entry.本文所据材料未载学生报纸、社团联合会或具名校队，学生团体的成立与校庆日期在本条目中仍属缺载。

Notable people

• The two founders of the 1572 university, Duke Charles III of Lorraine and Cardinal Charles of Lorraine, remain the earliest persons attached to the institution, the duke providing the charter and the cardinal the ecclesiastical weight behind it.1572 年创校的两人，洛林公爵查理三世与洛林枢机查理，仍是最早与该机构相连的人物：公爵颁予特许状，枢机提供其后的教会分量。

• Victor Grignard, recorded as a researcher and a teacher at the university, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1912, the prize falling to him while he was working within its predecessor institutions.据载维克托·格林尼亚曾在校内任研究与教职，1912 年获颁诺贝尔化学奖，获奖时他正在该校的前身机构中工作。

• Laurent Schwartz, likewise recorded as a researcher and teacher of the university, received the Fields Medal in 1950, the senior international honour in mathematics.洛朗·施瓦茨据载亦曾在校内任研究与教职，1950 年获菲尔兹奖，此为数学界最高级别的国际荣誉。

• Jean-Pierre Serre held the rank of maître de conférences at the university when he received the Fields Medal in 1954, four years after Schwartz, so that two medals attached to this record fall inside a single decade.让-皮埃尔·塞尔在校内任讲师（maître de conférences）时于 1954 年获菲尔兹奖，比施瓦茨晚四年，故本记录所系的两枚菲尔兹奖落在同一个十年之内。

• Alexander Grothendieck is counted among the alumni of the institution and is credited in the same record as the leading figure in the creation of modern algebraic geometry.亚历山大·格罗滕迪克被列为本机构校友，同一记载并称他为现代代数几何的开创性人物。

• François Gény, a French professor and jurist recorded as living from 1861 to 1959 and counted among the people of the university, introduced the notion of free scientific research into positive law.据载生于 1861 年、卒于 1959 年的法国教授与法学家基尼（François Gény）被列入该校人物，他把自由科学研究这一概念引入实在法。

• Two of the merged bodies take their names from persons of an earlier century rather than from their own founders: Nancy 1 was styled Henri Poincaré University and the Metz university carries the name of Paul Verlaine.合并的院校中有两所以前几个世纪的人物为名，而非取其创办者：南锡第一大学称作亨利·庞加莱大学，梅斯大学则带保罗·魏尔伦之名。

• Two campus names are likewise honorific, since the Épinal technology institute carries the name of Hubert Curien and the botanical garden that of Jean-Marie Pelt, both French personal names attached to university property.另两处校园名同为荣誉性命名：埃皮纳勒的技术学院以屈里安（Hubert Curien）为名，植物园则以佩尔（Jean-Marie Pelt）为名，两者都是附着于校产的法国人名。

• No head of state, business magnate or award-winning performer beyond those named above is recorded in the corpus used for this entry, and the university's own list of distinguished alumni is not reproduced here.除上述人物外，本文所据语料未载其他国家元首、商业巨擘或获奖演艺人士，该校自订的杰出校友名录亦不在此转录。