University of Ljubljana

The University of Ljubljana, known in Slovene as Univerza v Ljubljani and abbreviated UL, is the oldest and largest university in Slovenia, a public higher-education and research institution based in the capital Ljubljana.卢布尔雅那大学（斯洛文尼亚语：Univerza v Ljubljani，简称 UL）是斯洛文尼亚历史最悠久、规模最大的大学，是一所位于首都卢布尔雅那的公立高等教育与研究机构。

Founded on 2 July 1919 after the dissolution of Austria-Hungary and teaching since 3 December 1919, it began with five faculties in the former State Mansion of Carniola on Congress Square.该校在奥匈帝国解体后的 1919 年 7 月 2 日创办，1919 年 12 月 3 日开始授课，最初在国会广场的前卡尼奥拉邦府设立五个学院。

The university comprises 23 faculties and three art academies, enrolled 38,383 students and employed 7,269 staff in 2025, and is placed 530th in the QS World University Rankings 2027.该校由 23 个学院与 3 所艺术学院组成，2025 年在读学生 38,383 人、教职员 7,269 人，并在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列第 530 位。

History

• Higher education of a university character existed in what is now Slovenia from the seventeenth century, when Jesuit academies of philosophy and theology were established.早在十七世纪，今斯洛文尼亚境内便出现了具有大学性质的高等教育，当时耶稣会创办了哲学与神学学院。
• The first university in Ljubljana was founded in 1810 under the Écoles centrales of the French imperial administration of the Illyrian provinces, with Joseph Walland as its chancellor.卢布尔雅那的第一所大学于 1810 年在法国伊利里亚省行政当局推行中央学校制度时创办，约瑟夫·瓦兰德出任校监。
• That French-era university was disbanded in 1813 when Austria regained territorial control and re-established the Imperial Royal Lyceum of Ljubljana as its higher-education institution.这所法国时期的大学生于 1813 年解散，奥地利重掌该地后以皇家卢布尔雅那中学作为其高等教育机构。
• During the second half of the nineteenth century Slovene political leaders pressed for a Slovene-language university in Ljubljana, and in the 1890s a unified board was formed with Ivan Hribar, Henrik Tuma and Aleš Ušeničnik as its main figures.十九世纪下半叶，斯洛文尼亚政治领袖持续争取在卢布尔雅那设立以斯洛文尼亚语授课的大学，1890 年代成立统一委员会，以伊万·赫里巴尔、亨里克·图马与阿莱什·乌谢尼奇尼克为核心。
• In 1898 the Carniolan regional parliament created a scholarship for students who would complete a habilitation provided they accepted a post at the future Ljubljana university, building a list of potential faculty.1898 年，卡尼奥拉地区议会设立奖学金，资助愿意在未来的卢布尔雅那大学任教的候选人完成教授资格，从而储备了一批师资名单。
• Unfavourable political conditions delayed the founding until the collapse of Austria-Hungary, and with the creation of the Kingdom of Serbs Croats and Slovenes in 1918 the project became possible.不利的政治环境使建校一再推迟，直到奥匈帝国崩溃、1918 年塞尔维亚人克罗地亚人和斯洛文尼亚人王国成立后，建校才成为可能。
• The first meeting of the Founding Board of Ljubljana University was called on 23 November 1918 under Mihajlo Rostohar, professor of psychology at Charles University in Prague.卢布尔雅那大学筹委会于 1918 年 11 月 23 日召开首次会议，由时任布拉格查理大学心理学教授的米哈伊洛·罗斯托哈尔主持。
• Together with Danilo Majaron, Rostohar persuaded the central government in Belgrade to pass a bill formally establishing the university, which was passed on 2 July 1919.罗斯托哈尔与达尼洛·马亚龙共同说服贝尔格莱德中央政府通过正式设立该大学的法案，法案于 1919 年 7 月 2 日获得通过。
• In late August 1919 the first professors were appointed and on 18 September the full professors established the University Council, starting the institution's normal functioning.1919 年 8 月下旬，首批教授获任命，9 月 18 日正教授组成大学评议会，标志着学校进入正常运作。
• The first lectures began on 3 December 1919, a date the university treats as the beginning of its teaching, and the mathematician Josip Plemelj served as its first rector in 1919 and 1920.首堂课于 1919 年 12 月 3 日开讲，该校以此日为教学起点；数学家约瑟夫·普莱梅利在 1919 至 1920 年出任首任校长。
• In 1919 the university comprised five faculties, namely law, philosophy, technology, theology and medicine, the last still incomplete at its foundation.1919 年该校设有五个学院，即法律、哲学、技术、神学与医学，其中医学院在创办时尚未完备。
• The seat of the university was the former State Mansion of Carniola on Congress Square, designed in 1902 by Jan Vladimír Hráský and later remodelled by the Czech architect Josip Hudetz.该校校址设于国会广场的前卡尼奥拉邦府，该建筑由扬·弗拉迪米尔·赫拉斯基设计于 1902 年，后由捷克建筑师约瑟普·胡德茨改建。
• In the mid-1920s the institution was renamed the King Alexander University in Ljubljana, or Universitas Alexandrina Labacensis, and it continued to grow despite financial troubles and centralist pressure.1920 年代中期，该校更名为卢布尔雅那亚历山大国王大学，即 Universitas Alexandrina Labacensis，尽管财政困难与中央集权压力不断，仍持续发展。
• In 1941 the National and University Library by Jože Plečnik was completed, one of the major infrastructure projects of the interwar period and today a national monument.1941 年，由约热·普列赤涅克设计的国立大学图书馆落成，是两战之间该校最重要的基建项目之一，如今已成为国家地标。
• After the invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941 the university functioned under Italian and later German occupation, and several professors were arrested or deported to concentration camps.1941 年 4 月南斯拉夫遭入侵后，该校在意大利、继而德国占领下继续运作，多名教授被逮捕或遣送至集中营。
• After the establishment of Communist Yugoslavia in 1945 numerous professors were dismissed or tried, the theological faculty was excluded from the university, and some of the most brilliant students emigrated.1945 年共产主义南斯拉夫建立后，多名教授被解职或审判，神学院被排除出大学，一些最优秀的学生则选择移居海外。
• The university regained a limited degree of autonomy from the mid-1950s, although it suffered a further setback from the mid-1970s to the early 1980s.该校自 1950 年代中期起重新获得有限的自治，但在 1970 年代中期至 1980 年代初又遭遇一段自主权倒退。
• In 1979 the university was renamed Edvard Kardelj University in Ljubljana after the Communist leader, and in 1990, as Yugoslavia fell apart, it recovered its original name.1979 年该校以共产主义领袖之名更名为卢布尔雅那爱德华·卡德尔大学，1990 年南斯拉夫解体时又恢复原有校名。
• The first and only foreigner to hold the office of chancellor was the Czech professor Alois Král, who had lectured at the Faculty of Technical Sciences since 1920 and served as its dean four times.该校唯一一位外籍校监是捷克教授阿洛伊斯·克拉尔，他自 1920 年起在技术科学学院任教，并四度担任该院院长。
• From 2004 to 2013 the university housed the permanent seat of the International Association for Political Science Students, which moved to Nijmegen in the Netherlands in March 2013.2004 至 2013 年，该校设有国际政治学学生协会的常设机构，该机构于 2013 年 3 月迁往荷兰奈梅亨。
• The university marked its centenary in 2019, a century after the founding bill of 1919, with events recalling the five founding faculties and the first lecture of 3 December.该校于 2019 年迎来百年校庆，此时距 1919 年建校法案整整一个世纪，纪念活动重温了最初的五个学院与 1919 年 12 月 3 日的首堂课。
• In 2025 the university's annual income reached 579.3 million euros and it was advancing capital projects for the faculties of medicine, veterinary medicine, pharmacy and mechanical engineering.2025 年该校年收入达 5.793 亿欧元，并正推进医学院、兽医学院、药学院与机械工程学院的基建项目。

Academics

• The university consists of 23 faculties and three art academies, the Academy of Music, the Academy of Theatre Radio Film and Television, and the Academy of Fine Arts and Design.该校由 23 个学院与三所艺术学院组成，即音乐学院、戏剧广播影视学院与美术设计学院。
• Its academic members include faculties of Arts, Law, Economics, Medicine, Pharmacy, Social Sciences, Social Work, Sport, Education, Theology and Administration, alongside the technical and scientific faculties.其学术单位包括文学、法律、经济、医学、药学、社会科学、社会工作、体育、教育、神学与行政等学院，以及多个技术与自然科学学院。
• The scientific and technical faculties include Biotechnical, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Computer and Information Science, Electrical Engineering and Mathematics and Physics.科学与技术类学院包括生物技术学院、化学与化学技术学院、土木工程与测量学院、计算机与信息科学学院、电气工程学院以及数学与物理学院。
• The university also maintains a Faculty of Maritime Studies and Transport, a Faculty of Architecture, a Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, a Faculty of Health Sciences and a Veterinary Faculty.该校另设海事研究与运输学院、建筑学院、自然科学与工程学院、健康科学学院以及兽医学院。
• In 2025 the university enrolled 38,383 students, employed 7,269 teachers, researchers and administrative staff, and recorded 8,656 graduates.2025 年该校在读学生 38,383 人，聘用教师、研究人员与行政人员共 7,269 人，当年毕业生 8,656 人。
• Of the student body, 4,230 were foreign students, 1,863 UL students studied abroad on exchange and 2,534 foreign exchange students were enrolled at the university.在学生当中，外国学生 4,230 人，该校有 1,863 名学生赴海外交流，另有 2,534 名外国交换生在校就读。
• The university's annual income of 579.3 million euros in 2025 funds teaching and research across all its member faculties and academies.该校 2025 年 5.793 亿欧元的年收入，用于支持各成员学院与艺术学院的教研活动。
• UL runs 616 EU projects, 195 research programmes and 1,157 projects with industry and knowledge users in Slovenia and abroad.该校开展 616 个欧盟项目、195 个研究计划，以及与斯洛文尼亚国内外产业及知识使用方合作的 1,157 个项目。
• Degree programmes range across the arts, humanities, social sciences, linguistics, medicine, dentistry, veterinary science, natural sciences and technology.其学位课程涵盖艺术、人文、社会科学、语言学、医学、牙医学、兽医学、自然科学与技术等领域。
• The Faculty of Medicine, a founding faculty of 1919, had trained more than 8,000 doctors and about 2,000 dentists by its centenary, with graduates working throughout Slovenia.作为 1919 年创校学院之一的医学院，在百年之际已培养出 8,000 余名医生与约 2,000 名牙医，毕业生遍布斯洛文尼亚各地。
• The National and University Library of Slovenia serves as the university library, holding about 1,307,000 books together with text, visual and multimedia resources.斯洛文尼亚国立大学图书馆同时作为该校的大学图书馆，藏有约 1,307,000 册图书以及文本、影像与多媒体资源。
• A second university library, the Central Technological Library, is the national information hub for natural sciences and technology, and more than 30 faculty libraries operate across the university.第二座大学图书馆中央技术图书馆是全国自然科学与技术的信息中心，全校另有 30 余座院系图书馆。
• The university is a member of the EUTOPIA European university alliance, which promotes interdisciplinary study and student and staff exchange with partner universities abroad.该校是 EUTOPIA 欧洲大学联盟成员，该联盟推动跨学科学习以及与海外伙伴院校的师生交流。
• The university owns the Ljubljana Botanical Garden, founded in 1810 and the oldest cultural and scientific institution in Slovenia, used for teaching and research in botany.该校拥有卢布尔雅那植物园，该园创建于 1810 年，是斯洛文尼亚最古老的文化与科学机构，用于植物学的教学与研究。
• Research is conducted in the humanities, social sciences, linguistics, arts, medicine, natural sciences and technology, and the university places itself among the top three per cent of universities worldwide.该校的研究覆盖人文、社会科学、语言学、艺术、医学、自然科学与技术，并自我定位为全球前百分之三的大学。
• The Faculty of Administration, the Faculty of Social Work and the Faculty of Sport are among the university's newer member faculties, reflecting its expansion since 1919.行政学院、社会工作学院与体育学院是该校较晚设立的成员学院，反映其自 1919 年以来的扩张。
• The Faculty of Computer and Information Science and the Faculty of Electrical Engineering train specialists for Slovenia's technology sector and cooperate with industry on applied projects.计算机与信息科学学院以及电气工程学院为斯洛文尼亚科技产业培养专门人才，并与企业合作开展应用项目。
• Doctoral studies are offered across the faculties, and postgraduate researchers work within the 195 research programmes funded through the institution.各学院均开设博士课程，研究生在由该校资助的 195 个研究计划中从事科研工作。

Campus

• The central university building, the academies and many faculties are located in the city centre of Ljubljana, where the oldest institutional buildings stand around Congress Square.大学中央大楼、各艺术学院与许多学院都位于卢布尔雅那市中心，最古老的校舍围绕国会广场分布。
• Newer university buildings have been constructed on the outskirts of the city in districts such as Bežigrad, Vič and Brdo, giving the university a dispersed urban campus.较新的大学建筑建在城市边缘的贝日格拉德、维奇与布尔多等区，使该校形成分散式的城市校区格局。
• The university's best-known building is the National and University Library by Jože Plečnik, completed in 1941 and inscribed as a national monument of Slovenia.该校最著名的建筑是由约热·普列赤涅克设计、1941 年落成的国立大学图书馆，被列为斯洛文尼亚国家纪念物。
• The university operates two main libraries and more than 30 faculty libraries, with the largest subject libraries in the humanities, economics, medicine and biotechnology.该校设有两座主要图书馆与 30 余座院系图书馆，其中规模最大者分属人文、经济、医学与生物技术领域。
• The university's art gallery has been open since 18 June 2012 and exhibits the work of its academies and faculty members.该校美术馆自 2012 年 6 月 18 日起开放，展出其艺术学院与教师的作品。
• The Ljubljana Botanical Garden, located in the city, is used by the Biotechnical Faculty and remains one of the university's oldest sites, dating from 1810.位于城内的卢布尔雅那植物园由生物技术学院使用，可上溯至 1810 年，是该校最古老的场所之一。
• The main university building stands near the coordinates 46.05 degrees north and 14.51 degrees east, in the urban core of Ljubljana, a short walk from the National and University Library and the city's principal academic streets.大学主楼位于北纬约 46.05 度、东经约 14.51 度附近，地处卢布尔雅那的城市核心，步行可至国立大学图书馆与市内主要学术街区。
• Capital projects announced or under way in the 2020s include a new campus for the Faculty of Medicine at Vrazov trg, on the site of the former Šempeter barracks.该校在 2020 年代宣布或推进的基建项目包括在弗拉佐夫广场前舍姆佩特军营原址为医学院建设新校区。
• Further investments cover a new building for the Veterinary Faculty on Mestni log Road and new buildings for the Faculty of Pharmacy and the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering.其他投资包括在梅斯特尼洛格路为兽医学院兴建新楼，以及为药学院与机械工程学院建设新大楼。
• Modern buildings were added at Bežigrad, Vič and Brdo, supplementing the historic faculties that occupy the streets around the city centre.该校在贝日格拉德、维奇与布尔多增建现代楼宇，补充了占据市中心街区一带的历史院系建筑。
• The university's seat on Congress Square dates from 1902, and its 2020s investment programme has extended facilities for medicine, pharmacy, veterinary science and engineering.位于国会广场的大学校舍可上溯至 1902 年，其 2020 年代的基建计划则把设施扩展到医学、药学、兽医学与工程领域。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 the University of Ljubljana is placed 530th in the world.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，卢布尔雅那大学位列全球第 530 位。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 place the university in the 801-1000 band globally.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将该校列入全球 801 至 1000 区间。
• The Academic Ranking of World Universities 2026 places UL in the 601-700 band.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名将该校列入 601 至 700 区间。
• The U.S. News Best Global Universities edition of 2026-2027 ranks the university 491st in the world.在 2026 至 2027 年版美国新闻最佳全球大学排名中，该校位列世界第 491 位。
• In the third edition of the QS World University Rankings Europe 2026 the university is placed 197th among European institutions.在第三版 2026 年 QS 欧洲大学排名中，该校在欧洲院校中位列第 197 位。
• The university describes itself as ranking among the top three per cent of universities in the world and is the only comprehensive university in Slovenia.该校自称位列全球前百分之三的大学之列，并且是斯洛文尼亚唯一的综合性大学。
• OpenAlex attributes 101,224 works and 5,294,165 citations to the university, reflecting a broad research output across the natural sciences, medicine and the social sciences and making it the country's leading research university.OpenAlex 为该校收录 101,224 篇成果、被引 5,294,165 次，显示其在自然科学、医学与社会科学领域产出广泛，是全国领先的研究型大学。
• The university is renowned for its quality social and natural sciences and technical study programmes and contributes to national research capacity in Slovenia.该校以社会科学、自然科学与技术类课程的质量著称，并为斯洛文尼亚的科研能力作出贡献。
• Because it is Slovenia's oldest and largest university, its position in national higher education is unmatched, and it supplies most of the country's researchers and public professionals.作为斯洛文尼亚历史最悠久、规模最大的大学，其在国内高等教育中的地位无可比拟，也为全国输送了大部分研究人员与公共专业人才。
• National research institutes such as the Jožef Stefan Institute collaborate closely with the university, which trains much of Slovenia's academic and scientific workforce.约瑟夫·斯特凡研究所等国家级研究机构与该校密切合作，而该校培养出斯洛文尼亚大部分的学术与科研人才。

Student life

• The university has no formally adopted Latin motto, and its public identity rests on its status as Slovenia's first and largest university, with Latin Universitas Labacensis used historically.该校没有正式采用的拉丁文校训，其公共身份认同建立在斯洛文尼亚最早、最大大学的地位之上，历史上曾称 Universitas Labacensis。
• The Ljubljana Student Organisation, known in Slovene as Študentska organizacija Univerze v Ljubljani, represents students and runs services, culture and sport activities.卢布尔雅那大学学生组织（斯洛文尼亚语：Študentska organizacija Univerze v Ljubljani）代表学生，并组织服务、文化与体育活动。
• Student accommodation is provided through Študentski dom Ljubljana, a public institution associated with the university and one of its eight associate members.学生住宿由卢布尔雅那学生宿舍中心提供，该公共机构附属于大学，是其八个协作成员之一。
• The university art gallery, open since 2012, gives students of the three art academies a professional venue for exhibitions throughout the year.该校美术馆自 2012 年开放，为三所艺术学院的学生提供全年展出的专业场所。
• Ljubljana is one of Europe's most student-centred capitals, and the university's dispersed faculties place students within the cultural life of the city centre.卢布尔雅那是欧洲最以学生为本的首都之一，该校分散的学院布局使学生置身于市中心的文化生活之中。
• The university celebrated its centenary in 2019 with ceremonies, exhibitions and publications recalling its founding generation and the first lecture of 1919.该校在 2019 年以典礼、展览与出版物庆祝百年校庆，追念其创办群体与 1919 年的首堂课。
• The Faculty of Sport and the university's sports facilities support student sport, and inter-faculty competitions are part of campus life in Ljubljana.体育学院与该校的体育设施支持学生运动，院际比赛是卢布尔雅那校园生活的一部分。
• The university press publishes scholarly books and journals, and its libraries, gallery and botanical garden serve both the academic community and the wider public.该校出版社出版学术专著与期刊，其图书馆、美术馆与植物园既服务学术共同体，也面向社会公众。
• Students organise cultural festivals and sports events across Ljubljana, and the Ljubljana Student Organisation also runs student catering, health and welfare services.学生在卢布尔雅那各地举办文化节与体育赛事，卢布尔雅那学生组织还提供学生餐饮、健康与福利服务。

Notable people

• Josip Plemelj, a world-renowned mathematician, was the first rector of the University of Ljubljana in 1919 and 1920 and helped shape its early science faculties.世界知名数学家约瑟夫·普莱梅利是卢布尔雅那大学 1919 至 1920 年的首任校长，对早期理科学院的发展贡献卓著。
• Mihajlo Rostohar, professor of psychology at Charles University in Prague, presided over the founding board and lobbied the Belgrade government to establish the university.时任布拉格查理大学心理学教授的米哈伊洛·罗斯托哈尔主持筹委会，并向贝尔格莱德政府争取设立该校。
• Danilo Majaron worked with Rostohar to secure the founding bill of 1919, helping turn a long campaign for a Slovene university into law.达尼洛·马亚龙与罗斯托哈尔共同促成 1919 年的建校法案，把争取斯洛文尼亚语大学的长期运动变为立法现实。
• Ivan Hribar, Henrik Tuma and Aleš Ušeničnik led the nineteenth-century campaign for a Slovene-language university that preceded the foundation of 1919.伊万·赫里巴尔、亨里克·图马与阿莱什·乌谢尼奇尼克领导了十九世纪争取斯洛文尼亚语大学的运动，为 1919 年建校铺路。
• Slavoj Žižek, the Slovenian philosopher and cultural critic, took a Master of Arts in philosophy at Ljubljana in 1975 and remains a senior researcher at its Institute for Sociology and Philosophy.斯洛文尼亚哲学家、文化批评家斯拉沃热·齐泽克于 1975 年在卢布尔雅那取得哲学硕士学位，至今仍是其社会学与哲学研究所的高级研究员。
• Borut Pahor, President of Slovenia from 2012 to 2022 and Prime Minister from 2008 to 2012, graduated in political science from the university in 1987 with honours.2012 至 2022 年任斯洛文尼亚总统、2008 至 2012 年任总理的博鲁特·帕霍尔，1987 年以优异成绩毕业于该校政治学专业。
• Marko Bošnjak, a Slovenian jurist and academic, is a judge of the European Court of Human Rights and a graduate of the university.斯洛文尼亚法学家与学者马尔科·博什尼亚克是欧洲人权法院法官，也是该校毕业生。
• Nina Betetto, a lawyer and judge, is likewise counted among the university's alumni in law.律师兼法官妮娜·贝泰托同样被列为该校法学校友之一。
• Matjaž Gams, editor-in-chief of the journal Informatica and member of the Slovenian Academy of Engineering, is associated with the university's research community.《Informatica》期刊主编、斯洛文尼亚工程院院士马蒂亚日·加姆斯与该校的研究共同体关系密切。
• Alois Král, a Czech professor of technical sciences, was the only foreigner to serve as chancellor of the university and held the post while teaching engineering.捷克技术科学教授阿洛伊斯·克拉尔是该校唯一的外籍校监，任职期间同时教授工程学。
• Marjan Batagelj, owner of the Postojna Cave company and one of Slovenia's best-known entrepreneurs, graduated from the university and appears among its alumni stories.波斯托伊纳溶洞公司所有者、斯洛文尼亚最知名的企业家之一马尔扬·巴塔格尔毕业于该校，并被收录于其校友故事。