University of Lisbon

The University of Lisbon (ULisboa, Portuguese: Universidade de Lisboa) is a public research university in Lisbon and the largest university in Portugal, formed in 2013 from the merger of the city's two public universities.里斯本大学（葡萄牙语：Universidade de Lisboa，简称 ULisboa）是位于葡萄牙首都里斯本的一所公立研究型大学，也是葡萄牙规模最大的大学，由该市两所公立大学于 2013 年合并而成。

Its origins reach back to a studium generale established in Lisbon between 1288 and 1290 by King Denis I, while its modern predecessor was founded in 1911 and the Technical University of Lisbon followed in 1930.其历史可追溯到 1288 至 1290 年间由国王迪尼什一世在里斯本设立的「studium generale」，其近代前身创建于 1911 年，里斯本技术大学则于 1930 年成立。

It is consistently ranked first in Portugal and is among Europe's larger universities, enrolling about 50,000 students including some 9,000 from abroad, and was placed joint 237th in the QS World University Rankings 2027.该校长期位居葡萄牙第一，是欧洲规模较大的大学之一，在校生约 5 万人，其中约 9,000 人来自海外，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中并列第 237 位。

History

• King Denis I of Portugal issued the letter Scientiae Thesaurus Mirabilis between 1288 and 1290, granting privileges to the studium generale in Lisbon, the earliest ancestor of Portuguese university education.1288 至 1290 年间，葡萄牙国王迪尼什一世颁布文书 Scientiae Thesaurus Mirabilis，授予里斯本「studium generale」一系列特权，是为葡萄牙大学教育最早的源头。
• The medieval institution moved between Lisbon and Coimbra for centuries and settled permanently in Coimbra in 1537 under King John III, so that the later University of Coimbra traces its origin to the Lisbon foundation.这所中世纪学府数百年间在里斯本与科英布拉之间辗转，最终于 1537 年在国王若昂三世治下永久定址科英布拉，后世的科英布拉大学因此可溯源至里斯本创校。
• From the late eighteenth century higher education in Lisbon was carried on through a series of courses, schools and institutes rather than a single university.自 18 世纪后期起，里斯本的高等教育并非依托单一大学，而是通过一系列课程、学校与学院延续。
• The Polytechnic School of Lisbon, founded in 1837, and the Curso Superior de Letras, founded in 1859, were among the older institutions later absorbed into the city's university.成立于 1837 年的里斯本理工学校与成立于 1859 年的高等文学课程，都是后来并入该市大学的较早机构之一。
• The modern University of Lisbon was created by decree in 1911, a year after the fall of the Portuguese monarchy and the establishment of the First Republic in 1910.近代里斯本大学于 1911 年依法令设立，时值葡萄牙君主制覆亡、第一共和国于 1910 年建立之后一年。
• The same republican reform founded the University of Porto in 1911, so that the two cities gained universities of their own in a single year.同一次共和制改革于 1911 年创办了波尔图大学，使这两座城市在同一年各自拥有了一所大学。
• The 1911 university gathered several older Lisbon schools, including the Polytechnic School and the Medical-Surgical School, into faculties of letters, law, medicine and science.1911 年建立的大学将若干较早的里斯本学校，包括理工学校与内外科医学校，整合为文学、法学、医学与理学等学院。
• The Higher Technical Institute, founded in 1911, became and remains the university's principal engineering school.创建于 1911 年的高等技术学院，后来并至今仍是该校最主要的工学院。
• The Technical University of Lisbon was founded in 1930 to concentrate engineering, science and related professional education in the capital, and the two universities coexisted for more than eighty years.里斯本技术大学于 1930 年成立，旨在将工程、科学及相关职业教育集中于首都，两校此后并存八十余年。
• The Technical University brought together schools of engineering, agronomy, veterinary medicine, economics and management, and social and political sciences.里斯本技术大学汇集了工程、农学、兽医学、经济与管理，以及社会与政治学等各类学院。
• By the early twenty-first century the two institutions covered complementary fields, and the government initiated their merger in 2011 as part of a reform to strengthen Portuguese higher education.进入 21 世纪后，两校的学科领域互补，政府于 2011 年启动合并，作为加强葡萄牙高等教育改革的一部分。
• The merger was enacted in decree-law 266-E of 2012, signed on 31 December 2012, which set the legal framework for a single university of Lisbon.合并以 2012 年第 266-E 号法令确立，该法令于 2012 年 12 月 31 日签署，为组建单一的里斯本大学奠定了法律框架。
• The new University of Lisbon began its legal existence on 25 July 2013, the day the newly elected rector took office, completing the union of the 1911 and 1930 institutions.新的里斯本大学自 2013 年 7 月 25 日当选校长就职之日起取得法人资格，完成了 1911 年与 1930 年两校的合流。
• The merged university kept the name and legal identity of the older University of Lisbon and absorbed the faculties and institutes of the Technical University into one comprehensive body.合并后的大学沿用历史更久的里斯本大学的名称与法人身份，并将里斯本技术大学的各学院与研究所并入一所综合性大学。
• The union made it the largest university in Portugal, with its schools grouped around the Cidade Universitária campus and the Ajuda and Belém axis in western Lisbon.这次合并使其成为葡萄牙规模最大的大学，各学院主要分布于大学城校区以及里斯本西部的阿茹达与贝伦一带。
• Where the 1911 university had been strongest in letters, law, medicine and science, the 1930 institution contributed engineering, agronomy, veterinary science, economics and the social and political sciences.1911 年建校者长于文学、法学、医学与理学，1930 年建校者则贡献了工程、农学、兽医学、经济学以及社会与政治学。
• A new university institute of education and a social sciences institute were consolidated after 2013, widening the merged university's coverage of the humanities and social sciences.2013 年以后，新校整合设立了教育研究所与社会科学研究所，拓宽了合并后大学在人文与社会科学领域的覆盖面。
• In 2014 the university's statutes defined it as a public foundation with its own legal personality and set out the rector, the senate and the management council as its governing bodies.2014 年通过的学校章程将其界定为具有独立法人资格的公立基金会，并规定校长、校务委员会与管理委员会为其治理机构。
• The university now reports about 4,000 teaching staff, some 670 career researchers and 70 research units, and its schools offer roughly 400 degree courses.该校现有教学人员约 4,000 人、职业研究人员约 670 人、研究单位 70 个，各学院开设约 400 个学位课程。

Academics

• The University of Lisbon comprises eighteen faculties and schools together with one polytechnic, nineteen units in all, and each retains its own scientific and administrative identity within the university.里斯本大学由 18 个学院（系）和 1 所理工学院共 19 个教学单位组成，各单位在大学内部保留各自的科研与行政地位。
• Its schools include medicine, law, letters, sciences, pharmacy, dentistry, veterinary medicine, psychology, fine arts, architecture, economics and management, and engineering through the Higher Technical Institute.其教学单位包括医学院、法学院、文学院、理学院、药学院、牙医学院、兽医学院、心理学院、美术学院、建筑学院、经济与管理学院，以及承担工程教育的高等技术学院。
• Other units cover the social sciences, geography and spatial planning, education, agronomy, social and political sciences, and nursing.其余单位涵盖社会科学、地理与空间规划、教育学、农学、社会与政治学以及护理学。
• The Lisbon School of Economics and Management holds international business accreditation, and its programmes are recognised by leading European business education bodies.里斯本经济与管理学院持有国际商科认证，其项目获得欧洲主要商科教育机构的认可。
• As of 2025 the university enrolled roughly 50,000 students, of whom about 9,000 came from abroad, representing some 17.8 per cent of the total and more than 100 nationalities.截至 2025 年，该校在校生约 5 万人，其中约 9,000 人来自海外，约占学生总数的 17.8%，来自一百多个国家。
• Its 2021 enrolment included 26,397 first-cycle students, 6,630 students on integrated master's courses, 14,250 on master's courses and 4,849 doctoral students.2021 年在校生中包括本科第一学位阶段 26,397 人、本硕连读课程 6,630 人、硕士课程 14,250 人与博士研究生 4,849 人。
• The university employs about 4,021 teaching staff, 671 career researchers and 2,349 technical and administrative workers, with over 80 per cent of the academic staff holding doctorates.该校约有教学人员 4,021 人、职业研究人员 671 人、技术与行政人员 2,349 人，其中八成以上的教学人员拥有博士学位。
• Its seventy research units have reported about 5,345 full-time-equivalent researchers, accounting for close to 70 per cent of the researchers working in the Lisbon metropolitan area.其 70 个研究单位报告的全时当量研究人员约 5,345 人，占里斯本大都会区研究人员的近七成。
• Research is concentrated in the natural sciences and engineering, followed by the medical and health sciences and the social sciences, reflecting the university's technical origins.其研究集中于自然科学与工程学，其次是医学与健康科学以及社会科学，体现了学校的工科渊源。
• Its library and documentation network spans the whole city, and the university also maintains ten museums and three botanical gardens for teaching and public engagement.其图书馆与文献网络遍布全城，学校还设有 10 座博物馆与 3 座植物园，用于教学与公众教育。
• The Botanical Garden of Lisbon, linked to the university, traces its origin to the eighteenth century and publishes the botanical journal Portugaliae Acta Biologica.与该校相关联的里斯本植物园可溯源至 18 世纪，并出版植物学期刊 Portugaliae Acta Biologica。
• The university is a member of the European University Association and cooperates with institutions such as the Max Planck Society and the European University Institute in doctoral training.该校是欧洲大学协会成员，并在博士培养方面与马克斯·普朗克学会、欧洲大学研究院等机构合作。
• Its engineering and computer science groups host an artificial intelligence laboratory backed by a grant of 27.2 million euros announced in 2026.其工程与计算机科学团队设有一个人工智能实验室，依托 2026 年公布的 2,720 万欧元资助建设。
• The university awards the Prémio Universidade de Lisboa prize each year to recognise outstanding scientific achievement by its researchers and alumni.该校每年颁发里斯本大学奖，以表彰其研究人员与校友的杰出科学成就。
• Its medical school is attached to the Santa Maria Hospital, one of the largest teaching hospitals in Portugal, and trains physicians for the national health service.其医学院附设于圣玛丽亚医院，这是葡萄牙规模最大的教学医院之一，为国家卫生系统培养医师。
• The Institute of Social Sciences carries out policy research and holds one of the university's leading positions in the social sciences ranking internationally.社会科学研究所开展政策研究，使该校在社会科学领域拥有国际领先的排名位置之一。
• Through the Higher Technical Institute the university offers programmes in civil, electrical, mechanical, chemical and biomedical engineering, as well as architecture and computer science.通过高等技术学院，该校开设土木、电气、机械、化学与生物医学工程，以及建筑与计算机科学等专业。
• The university participates in European research programmes and in the League of European Research Universities through collaborative projects with partner institutions across the continent.该校参与欧洲研究计划，并通过与欧洲大陆伙伴院校的合作项目加入欧洲研究型大学联盟的相关网络。

Campus

• The main campus is the Cidade Universitária in northern Lisbon, where the rectory stands at Alameda da Universidade and where most of the university's schools are concentrated.主校区为位于里斯本北部的大学城，校长办公楼坐落于大学林荫道，学校多数教学单位集中于此。
• About 45 per cent of the university's facilities lie within the Cidade Universitária, and much of the rest stretches along the axis between the Ajuda and Belém areas.该校约 45% 的设施位于大学城之内，其余设施大多沿阿茹达与贝伦一线的轴线分布。
• The Cidade Universitária campus began to take shape in the twentieth century and became the headquarters of the modern university after its foundation in 1911.大学城校区在 20 世纪逐步成形，并在 1911 年建校后成为近代大学的校本部所在地。
• The agronomy and veterinary schools occupy extensive premises at the Tapada da Ajuda, a large green estate in the western part of the city.农学院与兽医学院占据城西塔帕达·达·阿茹达的大片园地，那里是城市西部一片广阔的绿地。
• The Lisbon University Stadium provides athletics, swimming and football facilities for students and the wider public throughout the year.里斯本大学体育场全年向学生及社会公众提供田径、游泳与足球设施。
• The engineering school occupies its own campus at Alameda, adjoining the Cidade Universitária and served by a metro station of the same name.其工学院在阿梅达拥有独立校区，紧邻大学城，并设有同名地铁站。
• The Botanical Garden of Lisbon, founded in 1858 and managed by the university, is used for research and teaching in botany and is open to visitors.里斯本植物园建于 1858 年，由该校管理，用于植物学的科研与教学，并向公众开放。
• The university operates nineteen halls of residence, distributed across the city, to accommodate students on mobility programmes and those relocating to Lisbon.该校运营 19 座学生宿舍，分布全城，用以安置参加交流项目的学生以及迁居里斯本的学生。
• Several campus buildings are listed heritage structures, among them the nineteenth-century premises of the older schools that were absorbed into the university.校园内若干建筑属受保护的文物，其中包括被并入该校的早期学校在 19 世纪使用的旧址。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 the university is placed joint 237th in the world, and this position is taken from the official QS global list.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，该校位列世界并列第 237 位，此名次以 QS 官方榜单为准。^[1]
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 places it in the 376 to 400 band, and the university remains the highest-placed institution in Portugal in that table.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将其列入 376 至 400 区间，该校在该榜单中仍是葡萄牙排名最高的学府。
• The Academic Ranking of World Universities 2026 places it in the 301 to 400 band, making it the leading Portuguese university in that ranking.2026 年世界大学学术排名将其列入 301 至 400 区间，使其成为该榜单中领先的葡萄牙高校。
• The U.S. News Best Global Universities ranking for 2027 places it 245th in the world, the highest position among Portuguese universities in that list.2027 年《美国新闻与世界报道》最佳全球大学排名将其列为世界第 245 位，是葡萄牙高校在该榜单中的最高名次。
• It leads Portugal in the Shanghai, Times Higher Education and U.S. News tables, and is one of only two Portuguese universities placed in the world's top 300 by the U.S. News Best Global Universities list for 2027.该校在软科、泰晤士高等教育与《美国新闻与世界报道》榜单中均居葡萄牙首位，并且是 2027 年最佳全球大学榜单中仅有的两所进入世界前 300 的葡萄牙高校之一。
• The OpenAlex database credits the university with 147,215 works and 8,059,019 citations, the largest research output in Portugal.OpenAlex 数据库为该校收录 147,215 篇成果、被引用 8,059,019 次，是葡萄牙科研产出规模最大的机构。
• Within Portugal the university is ranked first in the main international tables, a position it holds in the CWUR, URAP and Leiden rankings.在葡萄牙国内，该校在主要国际榜单中位居第一，这一位置体现在 CWUR、URAP 与莱顿排名之中。
• It ranks among the top universities of the Ibero-American region, being placed in the leading group of the SCImago Ibero-American ranking and twenty-eighth in Europe for scientific publications in the Leiden list.该校位居伊比利亚美洲地区顶尖高校之列，在 SCImago 伊比利亚美洲排名中跻身领先组别，并在莱顿榜单的科学出版物指标中位居欧洲第 28 位。
• Egas Moniz, a professor of neurology at the university and its predecessor, received the 1949 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the development of cerebral angiography and prefrontal leucotomy.该校及其前身机构的神经学教授埃加斯·莫尼斯因脑血管造影与前额叶白质切除术的发明而获得 1949 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
• The university is recognised for engineering, computer science and health sciences, and its Higher Technical Institute is regarded as one of the strongest engineering schools in Europe.该校在工程、计算机科学与健康科学领域享有声誉，其高等技术学院被视为欧洲实力最强的工学院之一。
• Iberoamerican and international employers recruit heavily from the university, which counts many senior officials of Portugal among its alumni.葡萄牙国内及国际雇主大量聘用该校毕业生，其校友中不乏葡萄牙政界的高层人物。

Student life

• The university's motto is Ad Lucem, Latin for to the light, and its institutional colours are black and white.该校校训为「Ad Lucem」拉丁文，意为「走向光明」，校色为黑色与白色。
• The Academic Association of the University of Lisbon, the university's students' union, was founded in 2007 and represents students before the university's governing bodies.里斯本大学学术协会作为该校学生联合会，成立于 2007 年，代表学生在学校治理机构前发声。
• Student life is centred on the Cidade Universitária, where sports fields, libraries, canteens, museums and botanical gardens are shared by the schools.学生生活以大学城为中心，运动场、图书馆、食堂、博物馆与植物园由各学院共同使用。
• The university organises an annual academic week and welcomes students into centuries-old traditions such as fraternity meetings and faculty ceremonies.该校每年举办学术周，并以兄弟会聚会、学院典礼等形式延续数百年传统。
• Nineteen halls of residence, spread across Lisbon, provide student housing, while private rented accommodation is common in the surrounding neighbourhoods.19 座学生宿舍分布里斯本全城，为学生提供住宿，周边街区的私人租赁住房亦十分常见。
• The university supports student sport in swimming, athletics, football and rowing, taking advantage of the Lisbon University Stadium and the city's riverside setting.该校依托里斯本大学体育场与临河的城市场地，支持游泳、田径、足球与赛艇等学生体育活动。
• Each faculty has its own student association, and the faculties of letters, law and engineering run long-established student magazines and cultural groups.各学院均设有自己的学生协会，文学院、法学院与工学院还办有历史悠久的院刊与文化社团。

Notable people

• King Denis I of Portugal granted the charter that founded the studium generale in Lisbon between 1288 and 1290, making him the university's earliest patron.葡萄牙国王迪尼什一世于 1288 至 1290 年间颁授文书，创设里斯本的「studium generale」，是该大学最早的创立者。
• King John III authorised the permanent transfer of the university to Coimbra in 1537, shaping the trajectory of higher education in Portugal.国王若昂三世于 1537 年批准大学永久迁往科英布拉，塑造了葡萄牙高等教育的走向。
• Egas Moniz, professor of neurology, won the 1949 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine and is the university's best-known laureate.神经学教授埃加斯·莫尼斯获得 1949 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，是该校最著名的诺奖得主。
• Fernando Pessoa, the poet of twentieth-century Portugal, studied at the Curso Superior de Letras that became the university's faculty of letters.葡萄牙 20 世纪诗人费尔南多·佩索阿曾就读于高等文学课程，即后来的该校文学院前身。
• António Guterres, Secretary-General of the United Nations, is an alumnus of the university's engineering school, the Higher Technical Institute.联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯是该校工学院高等技术学院的校友。
• Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, President of Portugal, taught law at the university and remains associated with its law school.葡萄牙总统马塞洛·雷贝洛·德索萨曾在该校教授法学，并至今与该校法学院保持联系。
• Mário Soares and Jorge Sampaio, both former presidents of Portugal, were graduates of the university and left a mark on its public life.葡萄牙前总统马里奥·苏亚雷斯与若热·桑帕约均毕业于该校，并在其公共生活中留下印记。
• José Manuel Durão Barroso, former prime minister of Portugal and president of the European Commission, is a graduate of the university.葡萄牙前总理、欧盟委员会前主席若泽·曼努埃尔·巴罗佐是该校毕业生。
• António Costa, a former prime minister of Portugal, studied law at the university before entering politics.葡萄牙前总理安东尼奥·科斯塔从政前在该校攻读法学。
• António Damásio, a neuroscientist known for his work on emotion and decision-making, is an alumnus of the university's medical school.以情绪与决策研究著称的神经科学家安东尼奥·达马西奥是该校医学院校友。
• Agostinho Neto, the first president of Angola, studied medicine at the university, which also educated other African leaders.安哥拉首任总统阿戈什蒂纽·内图在该校攻读医学，该校亦培养了其他非洲国家的领导人。
• Aníbal Cavaco Silva, a former prime minister and president of Portugal, taught and graduated at the university's school of economics and management.葡萄牙前总理与前总统阿尼巴尔·卡瓦科·席尔瓦在该校经济与管理学院学习并任教。