University of Lausanne

The University of Lausanne (UNIL, French: Université de Lausanne) is a public research university in Lausanne, Switzerland, founded in 1537 as a school of Protestant theology and made a university in 1890.洛桑大学（法文：Université de Lausanne，简称 UNIL）是瑞士洛桑的一所公立研究型大学，1537 年以新教神学院的形式创办，1890 年正式升格为大学。

It is the second oldest university in Switzerland and one of the oldest institutions of higher learning in Europe still in continuous operation.它是瑞士第二古老的大学，也是欧洲持续办学历史最悠久的高等学府之一。

Through the QS World University Rankings 2027 it is placed 233rd in the world, and it shares a lakeside campus at Dorigny with the EPFL, with some 17,000 students in 2023.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中它位列世界第 233 位；学校与洛桑联邦理工学院共用多里尼湖畔校区，2023 年在校学生约 1.7 万人。

History

• The university traces its origin to 1536, when Bern annexed the Barony of Vaud from the Duchy of Savoy and the territory passed to Protestant rule.该校的渊源可追溯至 1536 年——伯尔尼从萨伏依公国手中吞并沃州领地，该地区随之皈依新教。
• In 1537 it was founded as the Schola Lausannensis, a school of theology created to train pastors for the church of the newly Protestant Vaud.1537 年它作为「洛桑学校」创办，是一所旨在为新皈依新教的沃州教会培养牧师的神学院。
• It quickly won renown as the first, and until the Academy of Geneva was founded in 1559 the only, French-language Protestant school of theology.它很快声名远播，成为最早的法语新教神学院；在 1559 年日内瓦学院成立之前，它还是当时唯一的一所。
• The school became a centre of humanist learning, counting the scholars Corderius and Celio Secondo Curione among its teachers, and by 1558 it had about 700 students.学校成为人文主义学术重镇，科尔德里乌斯与切利奥·塞孔多·库里奥内等学者曾在此任教；1558 年在校学生已达约 700 人。
• It then entered a period of decline after staff members including the rector Theodore Beza and Pierre Viret left to join the newly established Academy of Geneva.此后学校一度衰微：校长特奥多尔·贝扎与皮埃尔·维雷等教员相继离去，加入新成立的日内瓦学院。
• During the seventeenth century the institution was known as the Academy of Lausanne, and in 1741 it counted 150 students and seven professors.17 世纪时它被称为「洛桑学院」；1741 年学校有 150 名学生与 7 名教授。
• From 1837 the authorities of the canton of Vaud modernised the academy, making it a secular institution divided into three faculties of letters and sciences, theology, and law.自 1837 年起，沃州当局推动学院现代化，使之成为世俗机构，分为文学与理学、神学、法学三个学院。
• It continued to expand through the second half of the nineteenth century, and in 1890, with the introduction of a medicine course, it received the name and status of a university.19 世纪下半叶它持续扩充；1890 年随医学课程的开设，学校取得大学的名称与地位。
• From 1970 the university moved progressively from the old town around the cathedral and château down to its present lakeside site at Dorigny.自 1970 年起，学校逐步从大教堂与城堡所在的老城区迁往如今多里尼的湖畔校区。
• In the late twentieth century the university joined an ambitious project of cooperation among the French-speaking universities of Lausanne, Geneva and Neuchâtel together with the EPFL.20 世纪后期，学校参与洛桑、日内瓦、纳沙泰尔三所法语区大学与洛桑联邦理工学院的合作计划。
• Under that reorganisation its sections of mathematics, physics and chemistry were transferred to the EPFL, and the funds released were reinvested in the life sciences, including a Center for Integrative Genomics.在这一重组中，数学、物理与化学三个学科被移交给洛桑联邦理工学院，腾出的经费转而投入生命科学，包括建立整合基因组学中心。
• In 2003 two new faculties were created, the Faculty of Biology and Medicine and the Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, concentrating on the life and environmental sciences.2003 年学校新设两个学院——生物与医学学院、地球科学与环境学院，聚焦生命科学与环境科学。
• The university has operated without interruption since the sixteenth century and is the second oldest in Switzerland, outlasting the religious and political upheavals of the centuries that followed.该校自 16 世纪以来从未中断办学，是瑞士第二古老的大学，历经此后数个世纪的宗教与政治动荡而延续至今。
• As of the fall of 2017 the university counted about 15,000 students and 3,300 employees, and hosted roughly 1,500 international students from some 120 nationalities.截至 2017 年秋季，学校有约 1.5 万名学生与 3300 名教职工，并接纳了来自约 120 个国家的约 1500 名国际学生。
• Frédéric Herman took office as rector in August 2021, leading a university organised into seven faculties and grouped with the EPFL on a joint campus of some 20,000 students.弗雷德里克·赫尔曼于 2021 年 8 月就任校长；学校下设 7 个学院，并与洛桑联邦理工学院共处一个约 2 万名学生规模的联合校区。
• By 2023 the student body had grown to 16,951, including 8,459 undergraduates, 5,444 postgraduates and 2,476 doctoral candidates, supported by a staff of 3,861.到 2023 年，在校生增至 16951 人，其中本科生 8459 人、研究生 5444 人、博士生 2476 人，教职工 3861 人。
• In 2026 the university continued to present its profile through key-figure dashboards and statistical yearbooks compiled since the 1990s, tracking students, staff, finances and sustainability.2026 年，学校继续以自 1990 年代以来编制的统计年鉴与关键指标看板呈现自身，追踪学生、教职工、财务与可持续发展等数据。
• The Faculty of Theology and Sciences of Religions survives from the founding tradition, now standing alongside law, arts, social and political sciences, business and economics, geosciences and environment, and biology and medicine.神学与宗教学学院延续了建校传统，如今与法学、文学、社会与政治学、商学与经济学、地球科学与环境、生物与医学并列，构成 7 个学院之一。

Academics

• The University of Lausanne is organised into seven faculties covering theology and religious studies, law and criminal justice, arts, social and political sciences, business and economics, geosciences and environment, and biology and medicine.洛桑大学下设 7 个学院，涵盖神学与宗教学、法学与刑事司法、文学、社会与政治学、商学与经济学、地球科学与环境、生物与医学。
• Its Faculty of Business and Economics, known as HEC Lausanne, runs one of the country's leading Business School programmes in management and economics.其商学与经济学学院即洛桑高等商学院（HEC Lausanne），开设该国领先的管理与经济学商学项目。
• The university enrols 16,951 students including 8,459 undergraduates and 5,444 postgraduates, with 2,476 doctoral candidates, according to 2023 figures.据 2023 年数据，学校在校生 16951 人，其中本科生 8459 人、研究生 5444 人，另有博士生 2476 人。
• Its academic staff numbers about 3,861 employees, and roughly 1,500 international students come from some 120 countries, giving the campus a strongly international character.学校教职工约 3861 人；约 1500 名国际学生来自 120 个左右的国家，使校园具有鲜明的国际化色彩。
• Research at the university is concentrated in the life sciences, medicine and environmental sciences, and it hosts a Center for Integrative Genomics funded by the transfer of physics and chemistry to the EPFL.学校的研究集中于生命科学、医学与环境科学，并设有整合基因组学中心——其经费来自物理与化学学科移交洛桑联邦理工学院后腾出的资源。
• One of its most influential contributions was the Lausanne School of economics founded by the professors Léon Walras and Vilfredo Pareto, which helped develop marginal utility theory and general equilibrium analysis.其最具影响力的学术贡献之一是由教授莱昂·瓦尔拉斯与维尔弗雷多·帕累托开创的「洛桑学派」经济学，推动了边际效用理论与一般均衡分析的发展。
• The university's teachers of economics in the late nineteenth century helped establish the marginalist revolution and with it the modern mathematical approach to economic theory.19 世纪后期该校的经济学教师推动了「边际革命」，确立了经济理论的现代数学化方法。
• The university is associated with the Swiss Institute of Comparative Law and hosts the central administration of the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics on its Dorigny campus.学校与瑞士比较法研究所保持联系，并在多里尼校区设有瑞士生物信息学研究所总部。
• The Cantonal and University Library of Lausanne, known as the BCUL, holds more than two million documents and serves both the university and the wider public.洛桑州立与大学图书馆（BCUL）馆藏逾两百万件文献，既服务于大学，也面向公众开放。
• The university offers bachelors, masters, doctorate and postgraduate programmes and supports a wide network of exchange agreements with partner universities abroad.学校开设学士、硕士、博士与研究生课程，并与海外伙伴大学建立了广泛的交换协议网络。
• Its Faculty of Biology and Medicine is affiliated with the University Hospital of Lausanne, known as the CHUV, one of the country's major teaching hospitals.其生物与医学学院与洛桑大学医院（CHUV）合作，后者是该国主要的教学医院之一。
• The International Academy of Sport Science and Technology, known as AISTS, is associated with the university in the Olympic capital of Lausanne.国际体育科学与技术学院（AISTS）依托于作为奥林匹克之都的洛桑与该校建立联系。
• The Swiss School of Archaeology in Greece is one of the specialised institutions linked to the university, alongside the Science-Society Interface and the School of Criminal Justice.希腊瑞士考古学校是与该校相关的专门机构之一，此外还有「科学与社会的交汇」平台与刑事司法学院。
• UNIL hosts a branch of the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research on the Épalinges site and the Immunology Research and Training Centre of the World Health Organization.学校在埃帕兰日校区设有路德维希癌症研究所分支机构，以及世界卫生组织的免疫学研究与培训中心。
• Admission is open to holders of a Swiss maturité or an equivalent foreign qualification, and teaching is conducted mainly in French, with some programmes taught in English.学校面向持瑞士高中毕业文凭或同等外国学历者招生，教学以法语为主，部分项目以英语授课。
• The Faculty of Arts and the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences carry the university's teaching in the humanities and the social sciences, while the Faculty of Law, Criminal Justice and Public Administration trains jurists and public administrators.文学学院与社会与政治学学院承担学校的人文学科与社会科学教学，法学、刑事司法与公共行政学院则培养法律与公共管理人才。
• Doctoral training is organised partly through CUSO, the conference of the universities of western Switzerland, which coordinates joint doctoral programmes among its member institutions.博士生培养部分通过 CUSO——即瑞士西部大学会议——进行，该组织协调成员院校之间的联合博士项目。

Campus

• The main campus lies outside the city of Lausanne at Dorigny, on the shores of Lake Geneva, adjacent to the EPFL and served by the Lausanne Metro Line M1.主校区位于洛桑市郊多里尼的日内瓦湖畔，紧邻洛桑联邦理工学院，并有洛桑地铁 M1 线通达。
• The lakefront site brings together the university and the EPFL, and the two institutions together welcome about 20,000 students on a shared campus.这一湖畔校区汇聚了洛桑大学与洛桑联邦理工学院，两校共处的校园可容纳约 2 万名学生。
• UNIL and the EPFL share an active sports centre on the shores of Lake Geneva, and the campus is equipped with a bicycle-sharing system for staff and students.洛桑大学与洛桑联邦理工学院共用位于日内瓦湖畔的体育中心，校园内还设有供师生使用的共享单车系统。
• The campus is made up of individual buildings set in parkland and an arboretum, with the centrally located university library looking across the sports fields to the lake and the Alps.校园由坐落于园林与树木园之间的独立建筑组成；居于中心的大学图书馆可越过运动场眺望湖面与阿尔卑斯山。
• On a clear day the summit of Mont Blanc can be seen from the library, and the Swiss Institute of Comparative Law and the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics are both located on the main campus.天气晴朗时可从图书馆望见勃朗峰；瑞士比较法研究所与瑞士生物信息学研究所均坐落于主校区。
• Beyond Dorigny the Faculty of Biology and Medicine occupies further sites at Bugnon around the University Hospital, at Épalinges to the north, and at Cery in Prilly.除多里尼之外，生物与医学学院还在大学医院周边的比尼翁、北部的埃帕兰日以及普里利的塞里设有办学地点。
• The Biopôle life-sciences park was built next to the Épalinges campus, and the Cery psychiatric hospital in Prilly forms a further site of the medical faculty.生命科学园区「生物园」紧邻埃帕兰日校区而建，普里利的塞里精神病院则是医学院的又一处办学地点。

Reputation

• The QS World University Rankings 2027 place the University of Lausanne 233rd in the world, confirming its standing among the leading universities of Switzerland.2027 年 QS 世界大学排名将洛桑大学列为世界第 233 位，印证其作为瑞士领先大学之一的地位。^[1]
• In the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 it is placed joint 129th, its strongest position among the major global tables.在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中，该校位列第 129 位（并列），这是其在各大全球榜单中的最好名次。
• The Academic Ranking of World Universities 2026 places it in the 151-200 band, confirming its standing among the world's leading research universities.2026 年世界大学学术排名将其列入 151 至 200 区间，印证其作为世界领先研究型大学的地位。
• The 2017 Times Higher Education subject ranking placed it 62nd in the world in life sciences and fourth in Switzerland, and the QS subject ranking listed it 96th in life science and medicine.2017 年泰晤士高等教育学科排名将其生命科学列为世界第 62 位、瑞士第 4 位；QS 学科排名则将其生命科学与医学列为第 96 位。
• Between 2010 and 2018 the Leiden Ranking placed UNIL between 57th and 98th globally and between 15th and 38th among European universities.2010 至 2018 年间，莱顿排名将洛桑大学列入全球第 57 至 98 位、欧洲高校第 15 至 38 位。
• OpenAlex attributes 99,710 works and 9,782,675 citations to the University of Lausanne, and its h-index of 983 reflects a strongly cited research base.OpenAlex 为洛桑大学收录 99710 项成果、被引 9782675 次，其 h 指数 983 反映出被高度引用的科研基础。
• The Lausanne School of economics established at the university remains a landmark of its reputation, associated with the marginalist revolution and general equilibrium theory.在该校形成的「洛桑学派」经济学至今仍是其学术声誉的标志，与边际革命和一般均衡理论紧密相连。
• The university is a member of the European University Association and the Agence universitaire de la Francophonie, and it takes part in the CIVIS European university alliance.该校是欧洲大学协会与法语国家大学机构的成员，并参与 CIVIS 欧洲大学联盟。
• Its reputation rests largely on the life sciences, medicine and environmental research, and it is consistently ranked among the leading institutions of Switzerland and the French-speaking world.该校声誉主要建立在生命科学、医学与环境研究之上，长期稳居瑞士与法语世界领先高校之列。
• The biophysicist Jacques Dubochet, who studied and later taught at the university, shared the 2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the development of cryo-electron microscopy.生物物理学家雅克·杜博歇曾在该校学习并任教，因开发冷冻电子显微镜技术而共同获得 2017 年诺贝尔化学奖。

Student life

• The university's motto is Le savoir vivant, meaning living knowledge, expressing its aim to keep knowledge alive through research and teaching.学校的校训是「Le savoir vivant」，意为「活的知识」，表达其通过研究与教学让知识保持鲜活的旨趣。
• Campus life revolves around the lakeside Dorigny site, where students and staff use shared sports facilities, cycle paths and campus restaurants between classes.校园生活以多里尼湖畔校区为中心，师生在课余使用共享的体育设施、自行车道与校园餐饮点。
• The Cantonal and University Library on campus doubles as a study and eating space, and its views over the lake make it a favourite gathering point for students.校园内的州立与大学图书馆兼作自习与用餐空间，凭窗可眺望湖景，是学生喜爱的聚会之地。
• UNIL and the EPFL jointly publish L'auditoire, a student newspaper with a circulation of about 19,000 copies, covering campus news for both institutions.洛桑大学与洛桑联邦理工学院联合出版学生报纸「L'auditoire」，发行量约 1.9 万份，报道两校的校园新闻。
• The university publishes the monthly campus magazine L'Uniscope and the public-facing quarterly Allez savoir!, alongside its annual Dies Academicus celebration.学校出版月度校园杂志「L'Uniscope」与面向公众的季刊「Allez savoir!」，并举办一年一度的「学术日」庆典。
• The alumni network ALUMNIL, created in 2011, organises events throughout the year and an annual autumn party for graduates of the university.校友网络 ALUMNIL 创立于 2011 年，全年为毕业生组织活动，并在每年秋季举办校友聚会。
• Students benefit from the shared campus with the EPFL, using the sports centre on the lake shore and a bicycle-sharing scheme linking the two institutions.学生受益于与洛桑联邦理工学院的共用校园，可使用湖畔体育中心与连接两校的共享单车系统。

Notable people

• Theodore Beza, rector of the Lausanne academy in the 1550s and a close associate of John Calvin, was an early leader of the institution before leaving for the Academy of Geneva.特奥多尔·贝扎在 16 世纪 50 年代担任洛桑学院校长，是约翰·加尔文的亲密伙伴，在转赴日内瓦学院之前是该校的早期领袖之一。
• Pierre Viret, a leading Protestant reformer of the Vaud, taught at Lausanne and helped shape the theological school in its founding decades.皮埃尔·维雷是沃州新教改革的主要人物，曾在洛桑任教，在学校创办的最初数十年参与塑造了这所神学院。
• Corderius, the humanist grammarian whose Colloquies were widely used in European schools, was among the early professors of the academy.人文主义语法学家科尔德里乌斯曾是该学院早期教授之一，其《对话集》在欧洲学校广为使用。
• Léon Walras, professor of economics at Lausanne from 1870, founded the Lausanne School of economics and developed the theory of general equilibrium.莱昂·瓦尔拉斯自 1870 年起任洛桑经济学教授，开创了「洛桑学派」经济学并提出一般均衡理论。
• Vilfredo Pareto, Walras's successor from 1893, was an economist, engineer and sociologist whose work on income distribution gave rise to the Pareto principle and the concept of Pareto efficiency.维尔弗雷多·帕累托自 1893 年接任瓦尔拉斯，是经济学家、工程师与社会学家，其关于收入分配的研究带来「帕累托原则」与「帕累托效率」概念。
• Alexandre Yersin, a Swiss-French physician who studied at Lausanne, co-discovered in 1894 the bacillus that causes bubonic plague and later worked in Indochina.瑞士裔法国医生亚历山大·耶尔森曾在洛桑求学，1894 年共同发现引发鼠疫的杆菌，后长期在印度支那工作。
• Jacques Dubochet, who studied physics at Lausanne and later taught biophysics there, shared the 2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for developing cryo-electron microscopy.雅克·杜博歇曾在洛桑学习物理、后在此教授生物物理学，因开发出冷冻电子显微镜技术而与另两位科学家共同获得 2017 年诺贝尔化学奖。
• Georges de Rham, a mathematician at the university, gave his name to the de Rham cohomology used throughout modern differential geometry and topology.数学家乔治·德·拉姆在该校任教，其名字被用于现代微分几何与拓扑学中广泛使用的「德·拉姆上同调」。
• Ignazio Cassis, who took a medical doctorate at Lausanne in 1987, later served as President of the Swiss Confederation in 2022 and as head of the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs.伊尼亚齐奥·卡西斯 1987 年在洛桑取得医学博士学位，后于 2022 年出任瑞士联邦主席并担任联邦外交部长。
• Pascal Couchepin, a Lausanne graduate and physician, served as President of the Swiss Confederation in 2003 and 2008 and as a long-standing federal councillor.帕斯卡尔·库什潘毕业于洛桑、本身为医生，曾于 2003 年与 2008 年出任瑞士联邦主席，并长期担任联邦委员。
• Sepp Blatter, who held a business degree from Lausanne, led FIFA, the world football governing body, as its eighth president from 1998 to 2015.塞普·布拉特持有洛桑的商学学位，1998 至 2015 年担任世界足球管理机构国际足联的第八任主席。
• Claude Nicollier, a Lausanne graduate in physics, became the first Swiss astronaut and flew on four Space Shuttle missions between 1992 and 1999.克洛德·尼科利耶毕业于洛桑物理系，成为首位瑞士宇航员，并在 1992 至 1999 年间四次执行航天飞机飞行任务。
• Charles Ferdinand Ramuz, one of the most important Swiss writers of the twentieth century, studied at the university and set many of his novels in the Vaud countryside.夏尔·费迪南·拉米是 20 世纪最重要的瑞士作家之一，曾在该校求学，其多部小说以沃州乡村为背景。
• Bhumibol Adulyadej, who lived and studied in Lausanne as a young man, later reigned as King Rama IX of Thailand from 1946 until 2016.普密蓬·阿杜德年轻时在洛桑生活并求学，后于 1946 至 2016 年以泰国国王拉玛九世之名在位。
• Bertrand Piccard, a psychiatrist who studied medicine at Lausanne, became known for the first non-stop round-the-world balloon flight in 1999 and for the Solar Impulse aircraft.贝特朗·皮卡尔是曾在洛桑攻读医学的精神科医生，后因 1999 年首次完成不间断环球热气球飞行以及「阳光动力」号飞机而闻名。