University of Klagenfurt

The University of Klagenfurt (German: Universität Klagenfurt, also Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt, AAU) is a federal public research university in Klagenfurt, the capital of the Austrian state of Carinthia, and the largest higher-education institution in that state.克拉根福大学（德文 Universität Klagenfurt，亦称 Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt，缩写 AAU）是奥地利克恩顿州首府克拉根福的一所联邦公立研究型大学，为该州规模最大的高等教育机构。

Founded in 1970 and relaunched in 1993, the university is organised into four faculties and defines its research priorities as networked and autonomous systems, optimisation and social ecology.学校创办于 1970 年、1993 年重启，现设四个学院，其研究重点为网络化与自主系统、最优化以及社会生态学。

It enrolled 13,323 students in the 2024/25 academic year and holds 683rd place in the QS World University Rankings 2027, the position under which this entry is catalogued.2024/25 学年在校生 13,323 人，学校在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中列第 683 位，本条目即按此名次收录。

History

• With the Protestant collegium sapientiae et pietatis founded in 1552, Klagenfurt hosted one of the oldest grammar schools in Austria, today's Europagymnasium, which the historian Hieronymus Megiser led from 1593 to 1601.1552 年新教「智慧与虔敬学院」创办后，克拉根福拥有奥地利最古老的文理中学之一（即今日的 Europagymnasium），史学家希罗尼穆斯·梅吉塞尔曾于 1593 至 1601 年担任其校长。

• Unlike such old schools, the city had no ancient university tradition, so the present institution was created by modern legislation rather than by a medieval charter.与这些古老学校不同，该市并无古代大学传统，因此今日的大学是由现代立法而非中世纪特许状设立的。

• The idea of a university in Klagenfurt matured in the 1960s, when the Universitätsbund association was set up in 1964, a Klagenfurt business-school project was launched in 1966 and the plan was refocused on a College for Educational Sciences in 1968.克拉根福建立大学的想法在 1960 年代逐步成熟：1964 年成立大学协会，1966 年发起克拉根福商学院项目，1968 年计划调整为设立教育科学学院。

• In 1970 the Austrian parliament passed a federal law allowing the establishment of an Educational Science College in Klagenfurt, the institution that grew into the present university, beginning with a focus on the training of teachers.1970 年，奥地利议会通过联邦法律，准许在克拉根福设立教育科学学院，这所学校后来发展为今日的大学，最初以培养教师为重心。

• The first doctoral degree was conferred by the college in 1972, only two years after its legal foundation, establishing its right to award doctorates and underlining the college's early research ambitions.1972 年，学院授予了第一个博士学位，此时距其依法设立仅两年，由此确立了授予博士学位的资格，也彰显了学院早期的科研志向。

• In 1973 the college began offering regular degree programmes, with diploma, teacher-training and doctoral studies in philosophy, education, history, German, English and American studies, Romance and Slavonic studies, mathematics, geography and linguistics.1973 年，学院开始开设正规学位项目，涵盖哲学、教育学、历史、德语、英美研究、罗曼语与斯拉夫语研究、数学、地理与语言学等文凭、师范与博士阶段课程。

• In 1975 new higher-education laws came into force and the college was renamed Universität für Bildungswissenschaften, the University of Educational Sciences.1975 年，新的高等教育法生效，学院更名为「Universität für Bildungswissenschaften」，即教育科学大学。

• The college began internationalising in 1981, signing 28 partnership agreements for research and teaching exchanges, and in 1983 it added applied business administration and applied informatics to its subject portfolio.该学院于 1981 年开启国际化进程，签署 28 项科研与教学交流合作协议；1983 年又把应用工商管理与应用信息学纳入学科设置。

• A fundamental relaunch took place in 1993, when the institution was renamed Universität Klagenfurt and a Faculty of Humanities and a Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Informatics were inaugurated, making humanities and economics its founding faculties.1993 年学校进行根本性重启，更名为克拉根福大学，并新设人文学院以及经济、工商管理与信息学院，人文与经济成为其建院学科。

• In 2000 the university opened its South Wing with three new lecture halls, and after Austria's Universities Act 2002 it adopted the Bologna structure, admitting its first bachelor's students in 2003.2000 年学校启用南翼，新增三个阶梯教室；在奥地利 2002 年《大学法》之后转向博洛尼亚学制，并于 2003 年迎来首批本科学生。

• In 2004 the university inaugurated a Faculty of Interdisciplinary Studies and adopted the cognomen Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt, while its legal name remained Universität Klagenfurt.2004 年，学校成立跨学科研究学院，并采用「阿尔卑斯-亚德里亚克拉根福大学」这一别名，其法定校名仍为克拉根福大学。

• A fourth faculty, of technical sciences, was created in 2007 with a focus on informatics, information technology and networked and autonomous systems, working with the adjacent Lakeside Science and Technology Park, a move that extended the university into engineering subjects.2007 年设立第四个学院即技术科学学院，重点为信息学、信息技术以及网络化与自主系统，并与毗邻的湖畔科技园开展合作，此举把该校的学科拓展到工程领域。

• Student numbers passed the 10,000 mark in 2012, a sign of the campus's growth and of the widening of its study portfolio, marking its transformation from a teacher-training institution into a broad university.2012 年在校生人数突破一万，标志着校园规模与专业设置的扩展，也标志其从师范院校转型为综合性大学。

• On the occasion of its 40th anniversary in 2010 a Boat Race was held on Lake Wörth, in which Klagenfurt's eight defeated the University of Vienna by a boat length.2010 年建校 40 周年之际，学校在韦尔特湖举办赛艇比赛，克拉根福八人艇以一船身之差战胜维也纳大学。

• In 2015 the university introduced commencement speeches at its graduation ceremonies, a tradition that has featured the ESA director general Josef Aschbacher among its speakers.2015 年，学校在毕业典礼上引入致辞环节，欧洲空间局局长约瑟夫·阿施巴赫等曾担任致辞嘉宾。

• In 2019 Klagenfurt launched the Humans in the Digital Age initiative, an interdisciplinary programme that hosts an ERC grant on cybersecurity.2019 年，学校发起「数字时代中的人类」计划，这一跨学科项目承接了一项关于网络安全的欧洲研究理事会资助。

• In 2020 the university marked its 50-year jubilee with a lecture series organised with the Austrian Academy of Sciences and an honorary doctorate awarded to the philosopher Rae Langton, the festivities opening with a ceremony on 21 January 2020.2020 年，学校与奥地利科学院合办讲座系列并授予哲学家蕾·兰顿荣誉博士学位，以庆祝建校 50 周年，庆典于 2020 年 1 月 21 日以一场仪式揭幕。

• The jubilee exhibition ARTEFICIA, showing works by honorary doctors such as Peter Handke and Maria Lassnig, was postponed to autumn 2021 because of the COVID-19 pandemic.展出彼得·汉德克、玛丽亚·拉斯尼格等荣誉博士作品的校庆展览 ARTEFICIA，因新冠疫情推迟至 2021 年秋季举行。

• Contributions by Klagenfurt researchers to the navigation system of the robotic helicopter Ingenuity formed part of NASA's Mars 2020 mission, whose helicopter made its maiden flight on 19 April 2021.克拉根福研究人员对机器人直升机「机智号」导航系统的贡献，构成美国航天局火星 2020 任务的一部分，该直升机于 2021 年 4 月 19 日首飞。

• The research priority area of Social Ecology, pursued until 2018, was then transferred to the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences in Vienna, known as BOKU.直至 2018 年仍在开展的社会生态学研究重点领域，随后移交维也纳自然资源与生命科学大学（即 BOKU）。

• A four-faculty structure has applied since 1 January 2023, following a reorganisation of the university's academic units.自 2023 年 1 月 1 日起，学校在学术单位重组后采用四学院架构。

• At the beginning of 2022 the university joined YERUN, the Young European Research Universities Network headquartered in Brussels.2022 年初，学校加入总部设在布鲁塞尔的欧洲青年研究型大学网络（YERUN）。

• In February 2023 the Faculty of Management, Economics and Law received AACSB accreditation, a milestone for its business programmes.2023 年 2 月，管理、经济与法学院获得 AACSB 认证，成为其商科项目的里程碑。

• Ada Pellert, formerly rector of the University of Hagen, took office as rector on 1 December 2024, succeeding the psychologist Oliver Vitouch.曾任哈根大学校长的阿达·佩勒特于 2024 年 12 月 1 日就任校长，接替心理学家奥利弗·维图赫。

• In 2021 the university recorded strategic partnerships with the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Fraunhofer Austria and Silicon Austria Labs.2021 年，学校与奥地利科学院、威尼斯大学、奥地利弗劳恩霍夫协会以及 Silicon Austria Labs 建立了战略合作关系。

Academics

• The university is organised into four faculties, covering Arts, Humanities and Education, Management, Economics and Law, Social Sciences, and Technical Sciences.学校设四个学院，涵盖人文、语言与教育学院，管理、经济与法律学院，社会科学学院，以及技术科学学院。

• The university is spread across 30 departments with 13,300 students, about 3,000 of them from abroad, and some 1,700 staff in teaching, research and administration.该校在 30 个系中开展教学与研究，有 13,300 名学生（其中约 3000 名来自国外）与约 1700 名教学、科研与行政人员。

• The Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Education encompasses 11 departments and a faculty centre, with a focus on multilingualism, intercultural education and teacher training.人文、语言与教育学院下设 11 个系及一个学院中心，重点为多语能力、跨文化教育与师资培养。

• Its units include departments of English and American Studies, Cultural Analysis, Educational Sciences, German Studies, History, Philosophy, Romance Studies, Slavonic Studies and Sports Science, together with the Robert Musil Institute for Literary Studies.其单位包括英美研究、文化分析、教育科学、德语研究、历史、哲学、罗曼语研究、斯拉夫语研究与体育科学等系，以及罗伯特·穆齐尔文学研究所。

• The Faculty of Management, Economics and Law has eight departments ranging from business management and economics to financial management, innovation management, law and public and nonprofit management.管理、经济与法律学院设八个系，涵盖工商管理、经济学、财务管理、创新管理、法律以及公共与非营利管理等。

• That faculty has held AACSB accreditation since February 2023, joining the roughly one per cent of business schools worldwide that carry the seal.该学院自 2023 年 2 月起持有 AACSB 认证，跻身全球约百分之一获此认证的商学院之列。

• The Faculty of Social Sciences unites the departments of Geography and Regional Studies, Media and Communications Science, Psychology, and Society, Knowledge and Politics, and maintains a partnership with the Austrian Academy of Sciences.社会科学学院整合了地理与区域研究、媒体与传播科学、心理学以及社会、知识与政治等系，并与奥地利科学院保持合作关系。

• The Faculty of Technical Sciences, founded in January 2007, is organised into nine departments and offers five bachelor's, four master's, two teacher-training and two doctoral programmes.技术科学学院创办于 2007 年 1 月，下设九个系，开设五个本科、四个硕士、两个师范以及两个博士项目。

• Its departments cover Artificial Intelligence and Cybersecurity, Informatics Systems, Information Technology, Mathematics, Mathematics Education, Networked and Embedded Systems, Smart Systems Technologies and Statistics.其各系涵盖人工智能与网络安全、信息系统、信息技术、数学、数学教育、网络化与嵌入式系统、智能系统技术以及统计学。

• The university counted 1,195 academic staff and 1,698 total staff in 2023, alongside 471 doctoral students in the 2021/22 academic year.2023 年学校有学术人员 1,195 人、教职工总数 1,698 人，2021/22 学年在读博士生 471 人。

• Research concentrates on networked and autonomous systems, which collaborates with the Lakeside Labs institute, and on multiple perspectives in optimisation, supported by a doc.funds programme of the Austrian Science Fund.研究集中于与湖畔实验室合作开展的网络化与自主系统，以及由奥地利科学基金 doc.funds 项目支持的最优化多视角研究。

• The Social Ecology group produced three ERC grants before its 2018 transfer to BOKU Vienna, while the digital-age initiative hosts an ERC grant on cybersecurity.社会生态学团队在 2018 年移交维也纳 BOKU 之前产出了三项欧洲研究理事会资助，而数字时代计划则承接了一项网络安全方面的欧洲研究理事会资助。

• Central facilities include the Robert Musil Institute, co-organiser of the Bachmann Prize, the Karl Popper Kolleg, the UNIKUM university cultural centre, the build! start-up centre and the University Sports Centre, as well as the School of Education, the Christian Doppler Laboratory ATHENA and the Institute for Comparative Media and Communication Studies.学校核心设施包括共同主办巴赫曼文学奖的罗伯特·穆齐尔研究所、卡尔·波普尔学院、UNIKUM 校园文化中心、「build!」创业中心与大学体育中心，以及教育学院、克里斯蒂安·多普勒 ATHENA 实验室与比较媒体与传播研究所。

• Its strategic partners include the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Fraunhofer Austria and Silicon Austria Labs, with joint study programmes with Vienna, Graz, Udine, La Rochelle and the Poznań University of Technology.其战略伙伴包括奥地利科学院、威尼斯大学、奥地利弗劳恩霍夫协会与 Silicon Austria Labs，并与维也纳、格拉茨、乌迪内、拉罗谢尔及波兹南理工大学开设联合培养项目。

• Student mobility through Erasmus+ and other programmes links the university with more than 250 partner universities in over 50 countries worldwide.通过 Erasmus+ 等项目的学生流动，使学校与全球 50 多个国家的 250 余所伙伴大学建立联系。

• The university's teaching spans arts and humanities, teacher education, management, economics, law, social sciences, informatics, information technology and technical mathematics.学校教学涵盖人文艺术、师范教育、管理、经济、法律、社会科学、信息学、信息技术与技术数学。

• It supports bi- and multilingualism, especially for the Slovenian minority of Carinthia, and its library and computing centre serve all four faculties.学校支持双语与多语，尤其面向克恩顿的斯洛文尼亚族裔，其图书馆与计算中心服务全部四个学院。

Campus

• The suburban campus occupies about 27 acres (11 hectares) within walking distance of both the Renaissance-era historic centre of Klagenfurt and the east bay of the Wörthersee, one of only a handful of campus universities in Austria.这处近郊校区占地约 27 英亩（11 公顷），步行可达克拉根福文艺复兴时期的历史城区与韦尔特湖东岸，是奥地利为数不多的「校园式大学」之一。

• The Vorstufengebäude, the first building erected on the campus, was designed by Roland Rainer and is now a listed building, while the campus also displays works created for its 2002 construction phase by artists such as Lawrence Weiner and Heimo Zobernig.校园最早建成的「Vorstufengebäude」由罗兰·赖纳设计，现为受保护建筑；校园还陈列劳伦斯·韦纳、海莫·佐贝尔尼希等艺术家为 2002 年建设阶段创作的作品。

• Together with the adjacent Lakeside Science and Technology Park, a 60-acre start-up and spin-off park, the campus forms the so-called Lakeside District.校区与毗邻的、占地 60 英亩的湖畔科技园（创业与衍生企业园区）共同组成所谓的「湖畔区」。

• That park hosts companies such as Infineon, Dynatrace, ASFINAG, Kapsch TrafficCom, Fraunhofer Austria, CISC Semiconductor, Joanneum Research and SKIDATA.该园区入驻了英飞凌、Dynatrace、ASFINAG、Kapsch TrafficCom、奥地利弗劳恩霍夫协会、CISC Semiconductor、Joanneum Research 与 SKIDATA 等企业。

• From 2016 to 2018 the university's central and north wing, some 13,000 square metres, was fully refurbished with a budget of 26 million euros.2016 至 2018 年，学校中央与北翼约 13,000 平方米的空间以 2600 万欧元预算全面翻新。

• That refurbishment earned the campus a shortlisting for the Prix Versailles Campuses 2019, held under UNESCO patronage, alongside projects from Stanford University and Barnard College.此次翻新使校区入围在联合国教科文组织支持下评选的 2019 年凡尔赛校园奖，与斯坦福大学、巴纳德学院的项目一同获提名。

• The campus has been listed among the World's Most Beautiful Campuses since 2023.自 2023 年起，该校区被列入「世界最美校园」之列。

• Klagenfurt is the capital of Carinthia and Austria's sixth-largest city, and the campus lies between the Carinthian Alps and the Wörthersee lake district.克拉根福是克恩顿州首府、奥地利第六大城市，校区坐落于克恩顿阿尔卑斯山与韦尔特湖湖区之间。

• Together with the Free University of Bozen-Bolzano and the University of Fribourg, Klagenfurt is one of the three southernmost universities in the German-speaking world.克拉根福大学与博尔扎诺自由大学、弗里堡大学并列，是德语世界最靠南的三所大学之一。

Reputation

• The QS World University Rankings 2027 place the university at 683rd in the world, the position under which this entry is catalogued.2027 年 QS 世界大学排名将学校列为世界第 683 位，本条目即按此名次收录。^[1]

• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 place it in the 551-600 band, an improvement on the 601-800 band recorded in 2026.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将学校列入第 551-600 位区间，高于 2026 年录得的第 601-800 位区间。^[2]

• In the Times Higher Education Young University Rankings 2021 the university held 48th place worldwide, one of its strongest showings in a dedicated ranking.在 2021 年泰晤士高等教育年轻大学排名中，学校位列世界第 48 位，是其在专门榜单中最好的表现之一。

• The US News Best Global Universities ranking for 2026-2027 does not include the university in its main global table, leaving Klagenfurt among the Austrian universities absent from that table.2026-2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名主榜未收录该校，克拉根福因此成为未进入该榜单的奥地利高校之一。^[3]

• The Shanghai Academic Ranking of World Universities of 2026 likewise does not list the university, which had appeared in its 801-900 and 901-1000 bands between 2019 and 2022.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名同样未收录该校，学校曾在 2019 至 2022 年间进入其第 801-900 位与 901-1000 位区间。^[4]

• The university has featured in U-Multirank since 2017 and received an honourable mention there in 2021, a benchmark the university uses to track its performance across teaching, research and international orientation.学校自 2017 年起参与 U-Multirank 排名，并于 2021 年获得荣誉提名，该校以此衡量其在教学、科研与国际化方面的表现。

• In the biennial Global Student Satisfaction Awards it was the global winner for best COVID-19 crisis management in 2021 and for student diversity in 2023, making it a double winner.在两年一度的全球学生满意度评奖中，学校 2021 年获得「最佳新冠危机管理」全球奖，2023 年又获得「学生多样性」奖，成为双料得主。

• Its Faculty of Management, Economics and Law holds AACSB accreditation, and the university is a member of AACSB and of the YERUN network.其管理、经济与法学院持有 AACSB 认证，学校亦为 AACSB 与 YERUN 网络成员。

• OpenAlex records 12,736 works and 440,866 citations for the university, the bibliometric output behind its research profile.OpenAlex 记录该校成果数为 12,736 项、被引次数为 440,866 次，构成其科研画像的文献计量基础。

Student life

• The university's motto is the Latin Per aspera ad astra, meaning "through hardships to the stars".学校的校训为拉丁文「Per aspera ad astra」，意为「历经艰辛，终抵星辰」。

• The Boat Race on Lake Wörth, held for the 40th anniversary in 2010, remains a commemorative sporting fixture pitting Klagenfurt crews against rivals such as the University of Vienna on a sprinting course from the rowing clubs to Maria Loretto castle.为 2010 年建校 40 周年举办的韦尔特湖赛艇赛至今仍是纪念性体育赛事，克拉根福船队曾与维也纳大学等对手竞逐，赛道从赛艇俱乐部直抵玛丽亚·洛雷托城堡。

• The Welcome Days at the start of each winter semester greet new students on 1 October for German-taught programmes and on 2 October for English-taught programmes.每学期开学初的迎新日分别在 10 月 1 日（德语授课项目）与 10 月 2 日（英语授课项目）迎接新生。

• The University Sports Centre, abbreviated USI, offers the university community sports and outdoor activities set against the Carinthian Alps and Lake Wörthersee, its 2007 building providing 1,156 square metres for sports.大学体育中心（简称 USI）依托克恩顿阿尔卑斯山与韦尔特湖，为师生提供运动与户外活动，其 2007 年建成的场馆为体育活动提供 1156 平方米空间。

• The UNIKUM university cultural centre hosts concerts, exhibitions and literary events in Klagenfurt, having blended artistic practice and creative research since its foundation in 1986.UNIKUM 校园文化中心在克拉根福举办音乐会、展览与文学活动，自 1986 年成立以来一直把艺术实践与创造性研究融为一体。

• The Robert Musil Institute co-organises the Bachmann Prize, one of the German-speaking world's most prestigious awards for literature in German.罗伯特·穆齐尔研究所共同主办巴赫曼文学奖，这是德语世界最负盛名的德语文学奖项之一。

• The university supports the Slovene language and culture of the Carinthian minority, part of a regionally bilingual academic landscape.学校支持克恩顿少数族裔的斯洛文尼亚语言与文化，构成该地区双语教育格局的一部分。

• Commencement speeches, introduced in 2015, have featured figures including the ESA director general Josef Aschbacher and the writer Josef Winkler.2015 年引入的毕业典礼致辞曾邀请欧洲空间局局长约瑟夫·阿施巴赫与作家约瑟夫·温克勒等人物。

Notable people

• Ada Pellert has served as rector since December 2024, having previously been rector of the University of Hagen and a professor of higher-education research at Klagenfurt.阿达·佩勒特自 2024 年 12 月起任校长，此前曾任哈根大学校长，并在克拉根福担任高等教育研究教授。

• Oliver Vitouch, a psychologist, served as rector before Pellert and helped shape the university's expansion into the technical sciences.心理学家奥利弗·维图赫在佩勒特之前任校长，推动了学校向技术科学领域的扩展。

• Werner Wutscher chairs the university's University Council, while Ulrike Krieg-Holz chairs its Academic Senate.维尔纳·武切尔任学校校务委员会主席，乌尔里克·克里格-霍尔茨任学术评议会主席。

• Peter Handke, the 2019 Nobel laureate in Literature, is an honorary doctor of the university and featured in its ARTEFICIA jubilee exhibition.2019 年诺贝尔文学奖得主彼得·汉德克是该校荣誉博士，其作品出现在校庆展览 ARTEFICIA 中。

• Maria Lassnig, a leading Austrian painter and an honorary doctor, was among the artists honoured in the same exhibition.奥地利重要画家、荣誉博士玛丽亚·拉斯尼格也是同一展览中受致敬的艺术家之一。

• Rae Langton, a philosopher of language then at the University of Cambridge, received an honorary doctorate in 2020.语言哲学家、时任剑桥大学教授的蕾·兰顿于 2020 年获授荣誉博士学位。

• Josef Aschbacher, Director General of the European Space Agency, delivered a commencement speech at the university.欧洲空间局局长约瑟夫·阿施巴赫曾在该校毕业典礼上致辞。

• Christoph Grabenwarter, president of the Austrian Constitutional Court, also spoke at a Klagenfurt graduation.奥地利宪法法院院长克里斯托夫·格拉本瓦尔特也在克拉根福的一次毕业典礼上致辞。

• Hieronymus Megiser, a historian and linguist, directed the forerunner grammar school of Klagenfurt from 1593 to 1601.史学家兼语言学家希罗尼穆斯·梅吉塞尔曾于 1593 至 1601 年担任克拉根福前身文理中学的校长。

• Alexander Van der Bellen, the incumbent president of Austria, is a recurrent guest at doctoral graduations held sub auspiciis Praesidentis.奥地利现任总统亚历山大·范德贝伦是该校在总统主持下举行博士毕业典礼（sub auspiciis Praesidentis）的常客。