University of Kerbala

The University of Kerbala (Arabic: جامعة كربلاء) is a public university in the holy city of Karbala, Iraq, established in 2002 by ministerial decree No. 15 of the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research.卡尔巴拉大学（阿拉伯语：جامعة كربلاء）是位于伊拉克圣城卡尔巴拉的一所公立大学，2002 年依据伊拉克高等教育与科学研究部第 15 号部令创办。

It is the first public university in Karbala Province and has grown into a multi-faculty institution with 17 colleges spanning medicine, engineering, science, law, the humanities and religious tourism.该校是卡尔巴拉省第一所公立大学，现已发展为拥有十七个学院的综合性高校，覆盖医学、工程、理学、法学、人文与宗教旅游等领域。

Its main campus lies about six kilometres from the old city, and the university reports roughly 25,000 students taught by some 1,366 academic staff in the mid-2020s.主校区距老城约六公里，校方在 2020 年代中期报告约有两点五万名学生和一千三百六十六名学术人员。

History

• The University of Kerbala was founded in 2002 under ministerial decree No. 15 of the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, making it the first public university in Karbala Province and a provincial institution intended to serve the city and the wider Middle Euphrates region.卡尔巴拉大学于 2002 年依据伊拉克高等教育与科学研究部第 15 号部长令成立，成为卡尔巴拉省第一所公立大学，并定位为服务该市及更广阔中幼发拉底地区的省级学府。
• Karbala itself is defined by the events of AD 680, when Imam Hussein ibn Ali, grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, was killed at the Battle of Karbala, and the city's Ashura pilgrimage now draws millions of Shi'a visitors each year, and the shrine economy dominates local employment and public life.卡尔巴拉城本身因公元 680 年的事件而定格，先知穆罕默德的外孙伊玛目侯赛因·本·阿里在卡尔巴拉战役中遇难，如今每年的阿舒拉朝觐吸引数百万什叶派访客，圣陵经济主导着当地的就业与公共生活。
• The College of Science traces its own origin to 2001, a year before the university's founding decree, and its first cohort graduated in 2005 and 2006 from the life sciences and chemistry departments, an earlier date that reflects how Iraqi colleges were often created before their universities were chartered.理学院将自己的起源追溯至 2001 年，比大学建校令早一年，其首批学生于 2005 至 2006 年从生命科学系和化学系毕业，这一更早的年份反映出伊拉克学院常先于大学获批而设立的惯例。
• In 2004 the College of Science established the Razzaza and Western Euphrates research unit, which provides environmental research and technical advice to state bodies and local institutions and is named for Lake Razzaza and the western Euphrates channel that water the surrounding farmland.2004 年，理学院设立拉扎扎与西幼发拉底研究单位，为国家机构和地方单位提供环境研究与技术咨询，其名称取自拉扎扎湖与灌溉周边农田的西幼发拉底河道。
• The College of Engineering was founded in 2006 by ministerial order 3/2350 with two departments, civil engineering and mechanical engineering, and it added electrical and electronic engineering in 2008, and it later added a consultancy office that advises public and private clients.工程学院于 2006 年依据第 3/2350 号部长令成立，最初设土木工程与机械工程两个系，2008 年增设电气与电子工程系，后来又设立为公私客户提供咨询的办公室。
• In 2014 the engineering college opened three further departments, petroleum and petrochemical engineering, medical engineering, and prosthetics and industrial supports engineering, widening its applied profile in response to demand from the oil, health and rehabilitation sectors.2014 年，工程学院又开设石油与石化工程、医学工程以及假肢与工业支撑工程三个系，扩大了应用型学科布局，以回应石油、医疗与康复行业的需求。
• An earlier official profile described a campus six kilometres from the old city with about 12,000 students in 16 colleges, a scale that roughly doubled by the time the 2027 rankings were compiled, although the earlier figures come from an undated page and are best treated as an order of magnitude.校方早期简介称校园距老城六公里，十六个学院约有1.2万名学生，而到 2027 年榜单编制时这一规模已大致翻倍，不过较早的数字来自未标注日期的页面，只宜作为数量级参考。
• The College of Religious Tourism, devoted to the pilgrimage and hospitality economy of Karbala, celebrated its first graduation ceremony in 2015 and trains guides, hotel managers and pilgrimage administrators for the city's visitor economy.宗教旅游学院面向卡尔巴拉的朝觐与接待经济，于 2015 年举行首届毕业典礼，并为城市访客经济培养导游、酒店管理者与朝觐事务管理人员。
• After 2003 the university expanded amid the security, funding and administrative difficulties of post-invasion Iraq, and it now presents itself as an important force in the country's cultural and intellectual life as student numbers rose and new colleges were licensed.2003 年之后，该校在入侵后伊拉克的安全、资金与行政困难中持续扩张，如今自视为该国文化与知识生活中的重要力量，学生人数随新学院获批而上升。
• In 2023 the university signed twinning agreements with Al-Ameed University in dentistry, with Warith Al-Anbiyaa University, and with Al-Kafeel University in pharmaceutical education, twinning arrangements that pair colleges for staff and student exchange rather than merging them.2023 年，该校与阿米德大学签署牙科双联协议，并与瓦里斯·安比亚大学以及卡菲勒大学签署药学教育双联协议，这类安排让学院在师生交流层面结对而非合并院校。
• A separate memorandum of understanding with Al-Nahrain University in 2023 added joint research and academic cooperation to the university's growing partnership network and complemented the college-level deals signed the same year.2023 年与纳赫林大学签署的独立谅解备忘录，为该校不断扩大的伙伴网络增添了联合研究与学术合作，并补充了同年签署的学院级协议。
• In 2024 the College of Tourism Science opened a Department of Travel and Aviation Services, extending its hospitality teaching into airline and airport services and preparing students for airports, airlines and pilgrimage transport.2024 年，旅游科学学院开设旅行与航空服务系，把酒店接待教学延伸至航空公司与机场服务，并培养学生进入机场、航空公司与朝觐运输部门。
• Also in 2024 the Karbala International Journal of Modern Science, published by the university, was classified as the best Iraqi scientific journal, publishing research across physics, chemistry, biology and mathematics.同样在 2024 年，由该校出版的《卡尔巴拉国际现代科学杂志》被评为伊拉克最佳科学期刊，发表物理、化学、生物与数学领域的研究。
• The College of Science won first place at the 2024 Chemistry Olympiad held during the Arab Chemistry Week Festival at the University of Kufa, competing against teams from Kufa, Babylon and Al-Qadisiyah at a contest hosted by Kufa's chemistry department.理学院在库法大学阿拉伯化学周期间举行的 2024 年化学奥林匹克竞赛中获得第一名，参赛队伍来自库法、巴比伦和卡迪西亚等大学，比赛由库法大学化学系承办。
• Sabah Wajid Ali became the seventh president of the university by 2024, succeeding Basim Al-Saedi and bringing a background in English literature and cultural diplomacy and a doctorate in contemporary literary criticism from the University of Baghdad.到 2024 年，萨巴赫·瓦吉德·阿里成为该校第七任校长，接替巴希姆·萨迪，其背景为英国文学与文化外交，并拥有巴格达大学当代文学批评博士学位。
• The QS Arab Region University Rankings 2025 placed the university 113th among Arab institutions, its strongest showing in a regional table, which uses indicators different from those in the world ranking.2025 年 QS 阿拉伯地区大学排名将该校列为阿拉伯高校第 113 位，这是其在地区榜单上的最佳表现，该榜采用的指标与世界排名不同。
• In the QS World University Rankings 2026 the university was placed in the 1201–1400 band, and in the 2027 edition it moved into the 1401+ band as the ranking expanded, a shift that reflected both the university's growth and QS's widening table.在 2026 年 QS 世界大学排名中，该校位列 1201–1400 区间，随着榜单扩容，2027 年版将其列入 1401+ 并列区间，这一变化既反映该校的成长，也反映 QS 榜单的扩容。
• Times Higher Education placed the university in the 2001+ band of its 2027 world ranking and in the 1251+ band for engineering and physical sciences in its 2026 subject tables, broad bands that place the university outside the top thousand.泰晤士高等教育在 2027 年世界排名中将其列入 2001+ 区间，并在 2026 年学科榜单中将其工程学与物理科学列入 1251+ 区间，显示该校仍在千名之外。
• By the mid-2020s the institution had grown from a provincial start-up into the principal public university of Karbala Province, with postgraduate programmes, international journals and twinning links across Iraq, though it remains primarily a teaching university with selected research strengths.到 2020 年代中期，该校已从一所省级新建院校成为卡尔巴拉省主要的公立大学，拥有研究生项目、国际期刊以及遍布伊拉克的双联合作，但仍以教学为主，并在部分领域具备研究优势。

Academics

• The 17 colleges are Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Nursing, Applied Medical Sciences, Veterinary Medicine, Engineering, Science, Agriculture, Law, Management and Economics, Education for Pure Sciences, Education for Human Sciences, Islamic Sciences, Tourism Science, Computer Science and Information Technology, and Physical Education and Sports Sciences.十七个学院分别是医学、牙科、药学、护理、应用医学、兽医学、工程、理学、农业、法学、管理与经济、纯科学教育、人文教育、伊斯兰科学、旅游科学、计算机科学与信息技术以及体育与运动科学。
• The health cluster combines the medical, dental, pharmaceutical, nursing, applied medical and veterinary colleges with a university medical centre and a dental clinic that also serve the wider public.健康学科群由医学、牙科、药学、护理、应用医学与兽医学院组成，并配有服务公众的大学医疗中心和牙科诊所。
• Engineering teaches civil, mechanical, electrical and electronic, petroleum and petrochemical, medical, and prosthetics and industrial supports engineering across six departments.工程学院在六个系中教授土木、机械、电气与电子、石油与石化、医学以及假肢与工业支撑工程。
• The College of Science covers chemistry, physics, life sciences and computer science, reports 2,385 graduates across its departments and has awarded 73 master's degrees.理学院涵盖化学、物理、生命科学与计算机科学，报告各系累计培养两千三百八十五名毕业生，并授予七十三项硕士学位。
• The College of Tourism Science trains students for religious tourism, hotel and travel management and, since 2024, aviation services, reflecting the pilgrimage economy that sustains Karbala.旅游科学学院培养宗教旅游、酒店与旅行管理人才，并自 2024 年起开设航空服务方向，回应该城赖以生存的朝觐经济。
• Law, Management and Economics, the two education colleges, Islamic Sciences, Agriculture and the newer Computer Science and Physical Education colleges complete the academic map.法学、管理与经济、两个教育学院、伊斯兰科学、农业以及较新的计算机科学与体育学院共同构成完整的学科版图。
• Postgraduate study is offered in several colleges, with master's programmes in the sciences and humanities and doctoral research supervised by the university's professors.多个学院开设研究生教育，理学与人文领域设有硕士项目，博士研究由该校教授指导。
• The university has made e-learning a strategic priority, with a team of managers and analysts drawing on the experience of British and Egyptian universities.该校将电子学习列为战略重点，由一支管理与分析团队借鉴英国和埃及高校的经验。
• Research centres include the Environmental Research and Renewable Energy Centre and the Strategic Studies Centre, which work on sustainability, energy and regional policy questions.研究机构包括环境研究与可再生能源中心以及战略研究中心，致力于可持续性、能源与地区政策问题。
• The university publishes a family of journals, among them Karbala International Journal of Modern Science, Karbala Journal of Medicine, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Agricultural Sciences, Engineering Science, Nursing and Health Sciences, and Pure Sciences.该校出版一系列期刊，包括《卡尔巴拉国际现代科学杂志》《卡尔巴拉医学杂志》《药物科学》《农业科学》《工程科学》《护理与健康科学》以及《纯科学》。
• The Central Library and its college branches provide Arabic and English collections, while the computer centre supplies network access and IT support for students and staff.中央图书馆及其各学院分馆提供阿拉伯语与英语馆藏，计算机中心则为师生提供网络接入与信息技术支持。
• A quality assurance and university performance unit monitors programme standards, accreditation files and the university's preparations for international ranking exercises.质量保证与大学绩效部门负责监督项目标准、认证材料以及该校参与国际排名的准备工作。
• Twinning and cooperation agreements with Al-Ameed, Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Al-Kafeel and Al-Nahrain universities support staff exchange, joint research and shared training.与阿米德、瓦里斯·安比亚、卡菲勒和纳赫林等大学签订的双联与合作协议支持教师交流、联合研究与共享培训。
• The student body is overwhelmingly Iraqi and mostly undergraduate, with QS describing 93.3 per cent as undergraduates, 6.7 per cent as postgraduates and 330 as international students.学生群体绝大多数为伊拉克人且以本科生为主，QS 称其中 93.3% 为本科生，6.7% 为研究生，国际学生为 330 人。
• Times Higher Education records 25,431 students against 1,366 staff in its 2027 profile, a student-to-staff ratio of 10.9 and a gender split of 56 per cent female to 44 per cent male.泰晤士高等教育 2027 年资料显示该校有 25431 名学生和 1366 名教职工，师生比为 10.9，性别比例为女生 56%、男生 44%。
• Teaching is organised through faculty buildings, clinics and laboratories, with the central library and computer centre shared across colleges.教学依托各学院大楼、诊所与实验室展开，中央图书馆和计算机中心由各学院共享。

Campus

• The main campus is in the Al-Muadhafeen district on the edge of Karbala, about six kilometres from the old city and its shrine complex.主校区位于卡尔巴拉边缘的穆达法因区，距老城及其圣陵建筑群约六公里。
• The university also lists sites at Al-Husseiniya and Fraiha, which host colleges and support facilities beyond the main Al-Muadhafeen campus.该校还列出侯赛尼娅与弗赖哈两个校区，在主校区之外承载部分学院与辅助设施。
• Campus development has included a tree-planting programme and a joint project with city authorities to clear four kilometres of the River Fariha and secure a reliable water supply.校园建设包括植树计划以及与市政部门合作清理法里哈河四公里河道，以保障可靠供水。
• Facilities include college buildings, laboratories, the central library, a computer centre, a medical centre, a dental clinic and dormitories administered by a dedicated student housing department.设施包括学院大楼、实验室、中央图书馆、计算机中心、医疗中心、牙科诊所，以及由专门学生宿舍部门管理的宿舍。
• Karbala is one of the great pilgrimage cities of the Islamic world, and the shrines of Imam Hussein and his brother Abbas draw millions of visitors during Ashura and Arbaeen.卡尔巴拉是伊斯兰世界重要的朝觐城市之一，伊玛目侯赛因及其兄弟阿巴斯的圣陵在阿舒拉与阿尔巴因期间吸引数百万访客。
• The city sits on the western edge of the Euphrates plain, surrounded by palm groves and irrigated farmland, with a hot desert climate and acute summer water scarcity.该城位于幼发拉底河平原西缘，四周是棕榈林与灌溉农田，属炎热沙漠气候，夏季水资源紧张。
• Karbala lies about 100 kilometres southwest of Baghdad and is connected by road to Najaf, Babylon and the main southern highway network.卡尔巴拉位于巴格达西南约一百公里处，经公路连接纳杰夫、巴比伦以及南部主要公路网。
• The campus's location outside the crowded historic centre gives room for laboratories, clinics and sports grounds while keeping the university within reach of the city's schools and hospitals.校区位于拥挤的历史中心之外，为实验室、诊所与运动场提供了空间，同时使大学仍能辐射该市的学校与医院。

Reputation

• QS placed the University of Kerbala in the 1401+ band of its World University Rankings 2027, the band used for institutions ranked below 1400 in that edition.QS 将卡尔巴拉大学列入 2027 年世界大学排名的 1401+ 并列区间，该区间用于该版中排名 1400 名之后的院校。
• Times Higher Education listed the university in the 2001+ band of its World University Rankings 2027, its position in that table's expansion band.泰晤士高等教育将该校列入 2027 年世界大学排名 2001+ 区间，这是其在该榜扩容区间中的首次亮相。
• In the QS World University Rankings 2026 the university was placed in the 1201–1400 band, and QS Arab Region Rankings 2025 ranked it 113th in the Arab world.在 2026 年 QS 世界大学排名中该校位列 1201–1400 区间，2025 年 QS 阿拉伯地区排名将其列为阿拉伯世界第 113 位。
• Times Higher Education's 2026 subject rankings placed engineering and physical sciences in the 1251+ band, reflecting a broad but still emerging research profile.泰晤士高等教育 2026 年学科排名将工程学与物理科学列入 1251+ 区间，反映出广泛但仍在成长的研究布局。
• Iraq's Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research ranked the university 25th nationally in research activity measured through Google Scholar citations.伊拉克高等教育与科学研究部依据谷歌学术引用衡量科研活动，将该校列为全国第 25 位。
• The Karbala International Journal of Modern Science was named the best Iraqi scientific journal in 2024, giving the university a visible publishing platform in the sciences.《卡尔巴拉国际现代科学杂志》于 2024 年被评为伊拉克最佳科学期刊，为该校提供了可见的科学出版平台。
• Its chemistry team's first place at the 2024 Chemistry Olympiad and a lecturer's nanofluid patent show research and teaching strengths in applied science and engineering.化学团队在 2024 年化学奥林匹克竞赛中夺冠，以及一名教师的纳米流体专利，显示了该校在应用科学与工程方面的教研实力。
• Twinning agreements with Al-Ameed, Warith Al-Anbiyaa and Al-Kafeel universities, together with an Al-Nahrain memorandum, have raised its regional academic profile.与阿米德、瓦里斯·安比亚和卡菲勒大学的双联协议以及与纳赫林的备忘录，提升了该校的地区学术形象。
• As a young institution founded in 2002, the university competes with much older Iraqi universities and relies on its provincial base, pilgrimage economy and medical and engineering colleges for visibility.作为 2002 年建校的年轻学府，该校与历史更悠久的伊拉克大学竞争，并依托省级基础、朝觐经济以及医学与工程学院提升知名度。

Student life

• Most students come from Karbala and neighbouring provinces, and the 2027 Times Higher Education profile records a 56 to 44 female-to-male ratio and almost no international students.多数学生来自卡尔巴拉及邻近省份，2027 年泰晤士高等教育资料显示女生与男生比例为 56 比 44，国际学生几乎为零。
• QS, by contrast, counts 330 international students, a discrepancy that reflects different definitions and reporting years rather than a single verified figure.QS 则统计有 330 名国际学生，这一差异反映的是定义与统计年份不同，而非某一单一核实数字。
• Dormitories house students from outside Karbala, and a student housing department manages allocation and residence services.宿舍接收来自卡尔巴拉以外地区的学生，学生宿舍部门负责分配与住宿服务。
• Student activities include cultural exhibitions, art and handicraft shows, scientific exhibitions and sports competitions organised through the colleges and the student activities department.学生活动包括文化展览、艺术与手工艺品展示、科学展览以及由各学院和学生活动部门组织的体育比赛。
• During Arbaeen the university deploys a medical detachment to treat pilgrims, staffed by the university's medical and nursing personnel.阿尔巴因期间，该校派出由医学与护理人员组成的医疗分队救治朝觐者。
• The College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences provides sports training and facilities, and hosts competitions and training for its students.体育与运动科学学院提供体育训练与设施，并为学生举办赛事与训练。
• Graduation ceremonies, alumni gatherings and college-level scientific weeks mark the academic calendar, alongside religious observances that shape the city's rhythm.毕业典礼、校友聚会与学院科学周构成学术日历，与塑造城市节奏的宗教节庆并行。
• Student life is closely tied to Karbala's shrine economy, with hospitality, retail, transport and religious tourism offering employment to graduates of the tourism, management and law colleges.学生生活与卡尔巴拉的圣陵经济紧密相连，酒店接待、零售、交通与宗教旅游为旅游、管理和法学院毕业生提供就业。

Notable people

• Worood Zuhair, born in Najaf in 1987, graduated in biology from the University of Karbala in 2010 and became a women's rights activist and author known for her book Naked Revolution.乌鲁德·祖海尔 1987 年生于纳杰夫，2010 年毕业于卡尔巴拉大学生物学专业，后来成为妇女权利活动家与作家，以著作《赤裸的革命》闻名。
• Sabah Wajid Ali, the university's seventh president, studied English literature at Al-Mustansiriya University and the University of Baghdad and taught at Seton Hall University in New Jersey.该校第七任校长萨巴赫·瓦吉德·阿里曾在穆斯坦西里亚大学和巴格达大学学习英国文学，并在新泽西州西顿霍尔大学任教。
• Before becoming president, Sabah Wajid Ali served as Iraq's cultural attaché to Canada and as dean of the College of Education for Humanities at Karbala.在出任校长之前，萨巴赫·瓦吉德·阿里曾担任伊拉克驻加拿大文化参赞以及卡尔巴拉人文教育学院院长。
• Basim Al-Saedi led the university before Sabah Wajid Ali and was publicly thanked by his successor for his leadership during his tenure.巴希姆·萨迪在萨巴赫·瓦吉德·阿里之前领导该校，其继任者曾公开感谢他在任期间的领导。
• Haider Nazim Aziz al-Mahna is dean of the College of Engineering, where Mithaq Ni'ma Rahima serves as associate dean for scientific affairs.海德尔·纳齐姆·阿齐兹·马赫纳任工程学院院长，米塔克·尼玛·拉希马在该院担任主管学术事务的副院长。
• Salman Hussein Faris al-Guraiti is dean of the College of Nursing, with Hassan Abdullah Adhbi al-Maliki as associate dean for scientific affairs and postgraduate studies.萨勒曼·侯赛因·法里斯·古莱提任护理学院院长，哈桑·阿卜杜拉·阿兹比·马利基任主管学术事务与研究生教育的副院长。
• The College of Law's administration includes Nuri Rashid Nuri as associate dean for administrative affairs and Alaa al-Husseini as associate dean for scientific affairs.法学院管理层包括主管行政事务的副院长努里·拉希德·努里和主管学术事务的副院长阿拉·侯赛尼。
• Farhan Lafta Rashid Al-Taie of the College of Engineering obtained a patent for a thermal analysis of fuel rod assemblies using a new nanofluid coolant.工程学院的法尔汉·拉夫塔·拉希德·塔伊获得一项专利，涉及使用新型纳米流体冷却剂对燃料棒组件进行热分析。
• Zina Ali Abdul-Ridha of the University of Baghdad shared that patent, and Thaer Mahdi Madloul, head of chemistry at Karbala, was honoured for his role in the 2024 Chemistry Olympiad.巴格达大学的齐娜·阿里·阿卜杜勒-里达共同持有该专利，卡尔巴拉化学系主任塔伊尔·马赫迪·马德卢勒则因在 2024 年化学奥林匹克竞赛中的贡献受到表彰。