University of Karachi

The University of Karachi (KU) is a public research university on University Road in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, established in June 1951 by an act of Parliament as the successor to the University of Sindh and one of Pakistan's oldest public universities.卡拉奇大学（University of Karachi，简称 KU）是巴基斯坦信德省卡拉奇市大学路的一所公立研究型大学，1951 年 6 月依据议会法案成立，接续原位于卡拉奇的信德大学，是巴基斯坦历史最悠久的公立大学之一。

It enrols about 41,000 full-time students, teaches through nine faculties and 53 departments, and operates 19 research institutes and centres on a campus of 1,279 acres.学校约有 41000 名全日制学生，设有 9 个学院和 53 个系，并在 1279 英亩的校园内运行 19 个研究所与研究中心。

In the QS World University Rankings 2027 it is placed in the 1201-1400 band, while its chemistry and biomedical research remain its most distinctive strengths.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，该校位于第 1201-1400 位区间，化学与生物医学研究仍是其最具特色的优势领域。

History

• When Pakistan became a sovereign state in 1947, the country's means for higher education and research were negligible, and the new government moved quickly to create teaching institutions.1947 年巴基斯坦成为主权国家时，该国的高等教育与研究资源十分薄弱，新政府随即着手创建教学机构。
• Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan guided a policy of rapid modernisation in higher learning, and Karachi, then the national capital, was chosen as the site of a major federal university.总理利雅卡特·阿里·汗推动高等教育快速现代化的政策，当时的首都卡拉奇被选为一所重要联邦大学的所在地。
• The Karachi University Act provided the legal framework in 1950, and the university itself was established by an act of Parliament in June 1951.1950 年的《卡拉奇大学法》提供了法律框架，大学本身则于 1951 年 6 月依据议会法案正式成立，这两步为学校治理与学位授予奠定了法律基础。
• It began as a federal university and took over the role of the Sindh University, which later moved to its present site in Jamshoro.学校最初以联邦大学的名义开办，接替信德大学的职能，后者后来迁往贾姆肖罗的现址。
• Dr. A.B.A. Haleem served as the first vice-chancellor, and the university's first intake numbered only 50 students.A.B.A. 哈林博士担任首任副校长，学校首批仅招收 50 名学生。
• Teaching and research began in 1953 with two faculties, the Faculty of Arts and the Faculty of Science, which remained the core of the institution in its early years.教学与研究工作于 1953 年启动，最初只有文学院与理学院两个学院，它们在此后多年一直是学校的核心。
• For its first two years the university functioned as an examination university for affiliated colleges, setting and marking examinations rather than teaching all of its students directly.在最初两年里，学校作为附属学院的考试大学运作，主要负责命题与评卷，而非直接教授全部学生，这一安排使学校在开办初期便与信德省多所学院建立了考试与教学联系。
• Before the 1959 move the university occupied buildings in central Karachi, and the shift to University Road gave it room for a purpose-built campus.1959 年迁址之前，学校使用卡拉奇市中心的几处建筑，迁往大学路后才拥有足够空间建设专门规划的校园，这次迁址也把分散的教学场所集中到单一校址。
• In 1959 the university moved to its present campus of 1,279 acres, about 12 kilometres from the centre of Karachi, where it has remained ever since.1959 年，学校迁入现址，校园占地 1279 英亩，距卡拉奇市中心约 12 公里，此后一直在此办学。
• The campus master plan was designed by Michel Ecochard, a French architect and planner, while Mohsin Baig served as the university's chief architect.校园总体规划由法国建筑师与规划师米歇尔·埃科沙尔设计，莫赫辛·拜格则担任学校首席建筑师。
• The Dr. Mahmud Hussain Library was built in 1952 as a five-storey structure with a basement, placed at the centre of campus activity rather than at its edge.马哈茂德·侯赛因博士图书馆建于 1952 年，是一座带地下室的五层建筑，坐落在校园活动的中心而非边缘，其书库与地下室为不断增长的馆藏提供了空间。
• In 1957 the Bureau of Composition, Compilation and Translation was established to translate technical terms and textbooks into Urdu and to render Urdu classics into other languages.1957 年，学校设立编纂与翻译局，负责把技术术语与教科书译成乌尔都语，并把乌尔都语经典译成其他语言，体现了国家建设时期对语言标准化的需求。
• The library was renamed the Dr. Mahmud Hussain Library on 12 April 1976, the first anniversary of the death of a vice-chancellor who had taught international relations and history.1976 年 4 月 12 日，即一位曾教授国际关系与历史的副校长逝世一周年之际，图书馆更名为马哈茂德·侯赛因博士图书馆。
• A printing press was purchased in 1988 to meet the bureau's production needs, and on 14 October 1999 the bureau merged with the press to form Karachi University Press.1988 年，学校购置印刷设备以满足该局的出版需求，1999 年 10 月 14 日，该局与印刷部门合并，组成卡拉奇大学出版社。
• In 2016 the International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences was selected as a UNESCO Centre of Excellence, recognising its doctoral training and molecular research.2016 年，国际化学与生物科学中心被选为联合国教科文组织卓越中心，以肯定其博士培养与分子研究，这一称号也提升了 ICCBS 在国际合作中的能见度。
• The Confucius Institute at the university was established in 2013, and in November 2021 it launched Pakistan's first bachelor's degree programme in Chinese.该校孔子学院成立于 2013 年，并于 2021 年 11 月启动巴基斯坦首个中文本科专业，孔子学院由此成为学校对华交流的主要平台。
• In November 2023 the university inaugurated a new School of Law building of 45,000 square feet, designed to accommodate more graduate and postgraduate law students.2023 年 11 月，学校启用一座占地 45000 平方英尺的新法学院大楼，以容纳更多本科与研究生法学学生。
• The campus expanded again in the 2020s with new research and teaching facilities, while the original 1950s plan still shapes its roads and building plots.2020 年代，校园又增添新的科研与教学设施，而 1950 年代的最初规划仍影响着道路走向与建筑地块。
• When QS placed the university in the 1201-1400 band for 2027, the result marked seventy-six years since its founding as a federal university for the new state of Pakistan.当 QS 将该校列入 2027 年世界大学排名第 1201-1400 位区间时，这一结果距其作为巴基斯坦新国家联邦大学创立已七十六年，学校也从首批 50 名学生扩展到四万余名学生。
• The university's history is closely tied to Karachi's own growth from a colonial port to Pakistan's largest metropolis and industrial centre.学校的历史与卡拉奇从殖民港口成长为巴基斯坦最大都市和工业中心的进程紧密相连。

Academics

• The university is organised into nine faculties, among them Arts and Social Sciences, Science, Islamic Studies, Engineering, Law, Pharmacy, Management and Administrative Sciences, and Medicine.学校设有 9 个学院，其中包括人文与社会科学、理学、伊斯兰研究、工程、法学、药学、管理与行政科学以及医学，这一结构把人文、理科、专业学科与宗教研究放在同一所大学之内。
• These faculties contain 53 departments, a structure that gives the university one of the broadest disciplinary ranges of any institution in Pakistan.这些学院下设 53 个系，使该校成为巴基斯坦学科范围最广的高等院校之一，系的设置使每个学科都有独立的教学与研究单位。
• Nineteen research institutes and centres operate alongside the teaching departments, covering chemistry, molecular medicine, marine biology, virology, economics and environmental studies.19 个研究所与研究中心与教学系并行运作，涵盖化学、分子医学、海洋生物学、病毒学、经济学与环境研究，这些机构承担跨学科项目、博士培养与政策研究。
• Full-time enrolment is about 41,000, while QS records a total of 47,940 students, a difference that reflects the various ways the university counts its intake.全日制学生约 41000 人，而 QS 记录的学生总数为 47940 人，这一差异反映了学校统计口径的不同，这一规模也使学校成为巴基斯坦学生人数最多的高校之一。
• The university employs about 893 academics and more than 2,500 support staff, while QS lists 1,077 faculty members, again reflecting different counting conventions.学校约有 893 名学术人员和 2500 多名辅助人员，QS 则列出 1077 名教师，同样反映了统计口径的差异。
• The Faculty of Science covers physics, chemistry, mathematics, statistics, botany, zoology and applied chemistry, and its physics and statistics departments are among its best-known units.理学院涵盖物理、化学、数学、统计学、植物学、动物学与应用化学，其物理系与统计系是学校最知名的院系之一，研究产出在巴基斯坦国内具有较高影响力。
• The Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences includes economics, history, international relations, psychology and sociology, and it supplies much of the university's liberal-arts teaching.人文与社会科学学院包括经济学、历史学、国际关系、心理学与社会学，承担了学校大部分人文社科教学。
• The Faculty of Pharmacy trains pharmacists for registration with the Pharmacy Council of Pakistan, and its graduates work in hospitals, industry and community practice.药学院为学生在巴基斯坦药学委员会注册成为药师提供培养，毕业生进入医院、制药工业与社区药房工作。
• Professional education is concentrated in the faculties of Medicine, Pharmacy, Engineering, Law and Management and Administrative Sciences, which link the university to Pakistan's licensed professions.专业教育集中在医学、药学、工程、法学以及管理与行政科学等学院，使学校与巴基斯坦的各持证行业相联系。
• The Faculty of Islamic Studies offers programmes in Islamic thought, culture and history, and the Sheikh Zayed Islamic Centre supports its teaching and research.伊斯兰研究学院开设伊斯兰思想、文化与历史课程，谢赫扎耶德伊斯兰中心为其教学与研究提供支持，该中心既是学院的教学依托，也是校园宗教与文化活动的场所。
• The International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences enrols more than 500 doctoral students in organic chemistry, biochemistry, molecular medicine, genomics and nanotechnology.国际化学与生物科学中心有 500 多名博士生，研究领域包括有机化学、生物化学、分子医学、基因组学与纳米技术，这些博士生使 ICCBS 成为学校科研的重心。
• Its component units include the Husein Ebrahim Jamal Research Institute of Chemistry, the Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and the Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research.其下属单位包括侯赛因·易卜拉欣·贾迈勒化学研究所、潘杰瓦尼分子医学中心与贾米勒·拉赫曼基因组研究中心，三者分别聚焦化学、分子医学与基因组学。
• The Department of Mathematical Sciences occupies a three-storey building with an electronic laboratory for computational mathematics, and it is one of the largest departments in the Faculty of Science.数学科学系拥有一座三层建筑和一间计算数学电子实验室，是理学院规模最大的系之一。
• The Dr. Mahmud Hussain Library holds well over 400,000 volumes, some dating to the seventeenth century, and it became the depository of Muhammad Ali Jinnah's personal book collection.马哈茂德·侯赛因博士图书馆藏书超过 40 万册，部分可追溯至 17 世纪，并成为穆罕默德·阿里·真纳个人藏书的存放地，真纳藏书与旧籍共同构成图书馆的特藏基础。
• Karachi University Press developed from the translation bureau and the 1988 press, and it publishes textbooks, monographs and Urdu translations of scientific works.卡拉奇大学出版社由翻译局与 1988 年的印刷部门发展而来，出版教科书、专著以及科学著作的乌尔都语译本。
• The Confucius Institute teaches Chinese language and culture, and its bachelor's programme sends students to Sichuan Normal University for the final two years of study.孔子学院教授汉语与中国文化，其本科项目安排学生在四川师范大学完成最后两年的学习。
• More than 100 affiliated colleges use the university's library and examination services, and teachers from those colleges frequent the campus for research and professional development.100 多所附属学院使用该校的图书馆与考试服务，这些学院的教师也常到校园从事研究与职业进修。
• The university is recognised by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan and is affiliated with the Pakistan Engineering Council, the Pharmacy Council of Pakistan and the Pakistan Bar Council.学校获得巴基斯坦高等教育委员会认可，并与巴基斯坦工程委员会、巴基斯坦药学委员会和巴基斯坦律师委员会保持隶属关系。
• Its academic year runs full-time programmes at bachelor's, master's and doctoral levels, with medicine, pharmacy, engineering and law following their own professional curricula.学校学年开设全日制本科、硕士与博士项目，医学、药学、工程与法学则遵循各自的专业课程体系。

Campus

• The campus covers 1,279 acres on University Road, about 12 kilometres from the centre of Karachi, and is one of the largest university sites in Pakistan.校园位于大学路，占地 1279 英亩，距卡拉奇市中心约 12 公里，是巴基斯坦最大的大学校址之一，约合 5.18 平方公里。
• The site was laid out after the 1959 move, with Michel Ecochard's master plan and Mohsin Baig's buildings giving it a coherent modernist character.校园在 1959 年迁址后规划，米歇尔·埃科沙尔的总体规划与莫赫辛·拜格的建筑赋予其统一的现代主义风格。
• The Dr. Mahmud Hussain Library stands at the centre of the campus, a five-storey building with a basement, six general reading rooms and six research reading rooms.马哈茂德·侯赛因博士图书馆位于校园中心，是一座带地下室的五层建筑，设有 6 间综合阅览室与 6 间研究阅览室，两类阅览室为不同阅读需求提供了相应空间。
• The Sheikh Zayed Islamic Centre is one of the campus's distinctive buildings, supporting the Faculty of Islamic Studies and hosting religious and cultural events.谢赫扎耶德伊斯兰中心是校园内颇具特色的建筑之一，支持伊斯兰研究学院并承办宗教与文化的活动。
• A botanic garden on campus holds living collections used for teaching and conservation, and its entrance is marked by a dedicated gate.校园内的植物园保存用于教学与保护的活动收藏，并设有专门的入口大门。
• The Silver Jubilee Gate is a recognisable landmark at the university's entrance and is often used as a meeting point for students and visitors.银禧门是学校入口处醒目的地标，常被学生与访客用作集合地点。
• The new School of Law building, opened in 2023, covers 45,000 square feet and adds modern lecture halls and library space to the campus.2023 年启用的新法学院大楼占地 45000 平方英尺，为校园增添了现代讲堂与图书馆空间。
• Karachi is Pakistan's largest city and its principal port, spread along the Arabian Sea, and the university draws students from across the city's diverse communities.卡拉奇是巴基斯坦最大城市与主要港口，沿阿拉伯海展开，学校从这座城市多元的社区中招收学生。
• The city is also a dense higher-education market, with institutions such as NED University of Engineering and Technology, Aga Khan University and Habib University operating alongside the University of Karachi.这座城市还是密集的高等教育市场，NED 工程与技术大学、阿迦汗大学和哈比卜大学等院校与卡拉奇大学并存。
• The campus functions as a self-contained academic district, with faculties, research centres, the library, the press and student facilities grouped within a single large site.校园本身构成一个自足的学术区域，学院、研究中心、图书馆、出版社与学生设施集中在一片大型用地内。
• Its distance from the city centre gives the campus room for expansion but also makes daily commuting a significant part of student life.校园距市中心较远，这为扩建提供了空间，但也使日常通勤成为学生生活的重要部分。
• University Road connects the campus to the rest of Karachi, and the surrounding district has grown into a corridor of colleges, hospitals and technology firms.大学路把校园与卡拉奇其他地区连接起来，周边区域已发展为学院、医院与技术企业聚集的走廊。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 the University of Karachi is placed in the 1201-1400 band, a result published in 2026.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，卡拉奇大学被列入第 1201-1400 位区间，该结果于 2026 年发布，这一区间是学校当前国际能见度的重要指标。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 place it in the 1601-1800 band, a lower position than its QS band.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名把该校列入第 1601-1800 位区间，低于其 QS 区间，两套排名采用不同指标，因而区间不同。
• U.S. News and World Report ranks it 1,728th in its 2026-2027 Best Global Universities list.美国新闻与世界报道在 2026-2027 年全球最佳大学榜单中把该校排在第 1728 位。
• The 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities, compiled by ShanghaiRanking, does not include the University of Karachi in its main ranking.由软科编制的 2026 年世界大学学术排名主榜未收录卡拉奇大学。
• Its best recent QS showing came in 2019, when it was placed 801st in the world and 251st in Asia, before slipping in later editions.该校近年最好的 QS 表现出现在 2019 年，当时位列世界第 801 位、亚洲第 251 位，此后名次有所回落，但仍保持在国际榜单之内。
• In 2016 it was ranked among the top 250 universities in Asia and 701st in the world, and in 2009 it was named among the top 500 globally.2016 年，该校进入亚洲前 250 名、世界第 701 位，2009 年则跻身全球前 500 名。
• The university first appeared in the THE-QS ranking in 2008 among the top 600, a milestone in its international visibility.该校于 2008 年首次进入 THE-QS 排名前 600 名，这是其国际能见度的一个里程碑。
• In the 2024 QS World University Rankings by Subject, its pharmacy programme was placed in the 151-200 band, the university's strongest subject position that year.在 2024 年 QS 世界大学学科排名中，该校药学进入第 151-200 位区间，这是学校当年最强的学科位置。
• QS also assigns it a place in the 1501+ band of its Sustainability Ranking, a modest result relative to its size.QS 还在其可持续发展排名中把该校列入 1501+ 区间，与其规模相比这一结果较为温和。
• OpenAlex records 26,799 works and 726,348 citations for the university, reflecting a research profile weighted toward chemistry and the biomedical sciences.OpenAlex 收录该校 26799 项成果和 726348 次引用，显示其研究结构偏重化学与生物医学。
• The International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences was selected as a UNESCO Centre of Excellence in 2016, an external recognition of its doctoral and molecular research.国际化学与生物科学中心于 2016 年被选为联合国教科文组织卓越中心，这是对其博士培养与分子研究的外部认可。
• It is a member of the Association of Commonwealth Universities, which links it to a network of institutions across the Commonwealth.该校是英联邦大学协会成员，这一身份把它与英联邦范围内的院校网络联系起来。
• Pakistani higher-education guides describe it as the country's largest university and place it among the leading public institutions in national rankings.巴基斯坦高等教育指南把该校描述为该国规模最大的大学，并在国内排名中将其列为领先的公立院校之一。

Student life

• Student life centres on a full-time population of about 41,000, with QS counting nearly 48,000 students in total across programmes.学生生活围绕约 41000 名全日制学生展开，QS 统计的各项目学生总数接近 48000 人，这一规模使校园生活与卡拉奇的城市节奏紧密相连。
• QS counts 81 international students, and the university describes them as coming from 23 countries across Central Asia, South Asia, the Middle East and Europe.QS 统计该校有 81 名国际学生，学校称他们来自中亚、南亚、中东与欧洲的 23 个国家，国际学生比例不高，但来源国分布较广。
• The Confucius Institute was established in 2013 during a visit by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang, and its agreement was signed in the presence of President Asif Ali Zardari.孔子学院于 2013 年中国总理李克强访问期间成立，合作协议在时任总统阿西夫·阿里·扎尔达里见证下签署。
• The Confucius Institute, established in 2013, has become one of Pakistan's largest, with about 7,000 registered students, 30 Chinese teachers and five off-campus teaching sites.成立于 2013 年的孔子学院已成为巴基斯坦规模最大的孔子学院之一，注册学生约 7000 人，有 30 名中方教师和 5 个校外教学点。
• Its bachelor's programme in Chinese, launched in 2021 with Sichuan Normal University, allows students to spend the first two years in Karachi and the final two in China.其汉语本科项目于 2021 年与四川师范大学合作启动，学生前两年在卡拉奇学习，后两年赴中国完成学业。
• The Confucius Institute operates five off-campus teaching sites, including at IBA Business School, Aga Khan University, NED University of Engineering and Technology and Habib University.孔子学院设有 5 个校外教学点，包括 IBA 商学院、阿迦汗大学、NED 工程与技术大学和哈比卜大学。
• The Dr. Mahmud Hussain Library provides six general reading rooms and six research reading rooms, and its digital library gives students access to online books and journals.马哈茂德·侯赛因博士图书馆设有 6 间综合阅览室和 6 间研究阅览室，其数字图书馆为学生提供在线图书与期刊。
• Karachi's size and diversity shape off-campus life, with the Arabian Sea coast, bazaars, cinemas and a dense network of transport links within reach of University Road.卡拉奇的规模与多样性塑造了校外生活，阿拉伯海海岸、巴扎、电影院与密集的交通网络都在大学路可达范围内。
• The campus is about 12 kilometres from the city centre, so students often organise their days around long commutes and shared transport.校园距市中心约 12 公里，学生因此常围绕较长通勤与合乘交通安排一天的活动。
• Teachers and researchers from more than 100 affiliated colleges use the campus, giving the university a wider academic community than its own enrolment alone would suggest.来自 100 多所附属学院的教师与研究人员使用校园，使学校的学术社区比单看本校注册人数所显示的更为广泛。

Notable people

• Abdul Qadeer Khan earned a bachelor's degree in metallurgy from the University of Karachi in 1960 before studying in Europe and becoming the public face of Pakistan's nuclear programme.阿卜杜勒·卡迪尔·汗 1960 年在卡拉奇大学取得冶金学学士学位，随后赴欧洲深造，并成为巴基斯坦核计划的公众人物。
• Khan's association with the university is often cited in accounts of Pakistan's scientific development, and his name is attached to two campus research units.在关于巴基斯坦科学发展的叙述中，卡迪尔·汗与该校的联系常被提及，校园内有两个研究单位以他的名字命名。
• Atta-ur-Rahman, an organic chemist, built the Husein Ebrahim Jamal Research Institute of Chemistry into a major centre and later served as Pakistan's federal minister for science and technology.有机化学家阿塔·乌尔·拉赫曼把侯赛因·易卜拉欣·贾迈勒化学研究所建设成重要中心，后来出任巴基斯坦联邦科学技术部长。
• Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, a chemist known for his work on medicinal plants, was the first director of the HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry at the university.以药用植物研究闻名的化学家萨利穆扎曼·西迪基曾担任该校 HEJ 化学研究所首任所长。
• Mahmud Hussain, vice-chancellor from 1971 to 1975, was the university's first professor of international relations and history and introduced library science to Pakistan.马哈茂德·侯赛因在 1971 至 1975 年任副校长，是该校首位国际关系与历史学教授，并把图书馆学引入巴基斯坦。
• I.H. Qureshi, a historian of medieval India and Pakistan, served as the university's vice-chancellor in the 1960s and shaped its humanities research.研究中世纪印度与巴基斯坦的历史学家 I.H. 库雷希在 1960 年代担任该校副校长，塑造了学校的人文学科研究。
• Bina Shaheen Siddiqui, a chemist, has built her research career at the HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, working on natural products and bioactive compounds.化学家比娜·沙欣·西迪基在 HEJ 化学研究所建立了自己的研究生涯，研究天然产物与生物活性化合物。
• Raziuddin Siddiqui, a physicist and mathematician, was among the scholars associated with the university in its early decades.物理学家与数学家拉齐乌丁·西迪基是该校早期数十年间与之相关的学者之一。