University of Innsbruck

The University of Innsbruck (German: Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck) is a public research university in Innsbruck, the capital of the Austrian federal state of Tyrol, founded on 15 October 1669 by Emperor Leopold I.因斯布鲁克大学（德语：Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck）是位于奥地利蒂罗尔州首府因斯布鲁克的一所公立研究型大学，由皇帝利奥波德一世于 1669 年 10 月 15 日创立。

It is the largest higher education institution in western Austria and the third largest in the country behind the University of Vienna and the University of Graz, with some 28,000 students and around 5,800 employees.该校是奥地利西部地区最大的高等教育机构，也是全国第三大高校，仅次于维也纳大学与格拉茨大学，拥有约二万八千名学生和约五千八百名员工。

It is placed 333rd in the 2027 QS World University Rankings, in the 301-325 band of the 2027 Times Higher Education ranking, 447th in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities ranking and in the 201-300 band of the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities.该校在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列第 333，在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育排名中处于 301 至 325 区间，在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中位列第 447，并在 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名中处于 201 至 300 区间。

History

• In 1562 the Jesuit Peter Canisius established a grammar school in Innsbruck, today called the Akademisches Gymnasium Innsbruck, financed by the salt mines of Hall in Tirol.1562 年耶稣会士彼得·卡尼修斯在因斯布鲁克创办了一所文法学校，即今天的因斯布鲁克学术中学，由蒂罗尔哈尔的盐矿出资维持。

• That school was re-chartered as a university on 15 October 1669 by Emperor Leopold I, who established it with four faculties.该校于 1669 年 10 月 15 日由皇帝利奥波德一世升格为大学，设立四个学院。

• The four faculties with which the university was founded in 1669 were theology, law, medicine and philosophy, and they defined its teaching for more than a century.该校 1669 年创立时的四个学院为神学、法律、医学与哲学，它们在此后一百多年里界定了其教学内容。

• In 1782 the university was reduced to a mere lyceum, as happened to all universities of the Austrian Empire apart from those of Prague, Vienna and Lviv.1782 年该校被降格为只具中学程度的高等学校，奥地利帝国的所有大学除布拉格、维也纳和利沃夫的以外都遭遇了同样命运。

• It was reestablished as a university in 1826 by Emperor Franz I, so that the institution is named after both of its founding fathers and is known officially as the Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck.1826 年皇帝弗朗茨一世将其恢复为大学，因此该校以两位创办君主命名，正式名称为因斯布鲁克利奥波德-弗朗茨大学。

• In the 1850s the Habsburgs gradually closed the University of Olomouc, and its ceremonial equipment, including maces from the 1580s, was transferred to Innsbruck.19 世纪 50 年代哈布斯堡王朝逐步关闭了奥洛穆茨大学，其包括 1580 年代权杖在内的礼仪器具被移交给因斯布鲁克。

• The rector's mace of Olomouc, from about 1572, is still used as the mace of the Innsbruck Faculty of Theology, and an Olomouc dean's mace of 1833 serves as that of its Faculty of Law.奥洛穆茨约 1572 年的校长权杖至今仍用作因斯布鲁克神学院的权杖，而 1833 年奥洛穆茨法学院院长的权杖则用作其法学院的权杖。

• Since the founding of Czechoslovakia in 1918 the Czechs have repeatedly asked for the return of the Olomouc regalia, and in 1998 Innsbruck donated a copy of the rector's mace to Palacký University.自 1918 年捷克斯洛伐克建国以来，捷克方面多次要求归还奥洛穆茨的礼仪器具，1998 年因斯布鲁克向帕拉茨基大学赠送了一柄校长权杖的复制品。

• In 1908 Ludwig Wahrmund, a professor of canon law, was removed from his post after critical remarks about the Catholic Church's interference in academic freedom.1908 年教会法教授路德维希·瓦尔蒙德因批评天主教会干涉学术自由而被免职。

• In March 1941, at the suggestion of the rector Raimund von Klebelsberg, the university was renamed the Deutsche Alpenuniversität during the National Socialist era.1941 年 3 月，在校长雷蒙德·冯·克莱贝尔斯贝格的建议下，该校在纳粹时期被改名为德意志阿尔卑斯大学。

• As at other universities, purges took place under the Nazi regime, and opponents of National Socialism were stripped of their powers and excluded from academic life.与其他大学一样，纳粹政权下发生了清洗，纳粹主义的反对者被剥夺职权并被排挤出学术生活。

• The university was reopened in 1945 after the end of the Second World War under the name University of Innsbruck.第二次世界大战结束后，该校于 1945 年以因斯布鲁克大学之名重新开办。

• The second half of the 20th century brought further expansion, with the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture founded in 1969 and the Faculty of Humanities and the Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences created in 1976.20 世纪下半叶该校进一步扩张，1969 年设立土木工程与建筑学院，1976 年又设立人文学院以及社会与经济科学学院。

• In 1976 the earlier Faculty of Law and Political Sciences was divided, producing the Faculty of Law and the Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences.1976 年原有的法律与政治学院被拆分，产生了法学院以及社会与经济科学学院。

• In 1991 Lauda Air Flight 004 crashed in Thailand and all aboard were killed, among them 21 members of the University of Innsbruck.1991 年劳达航空 004 号班机在泰国坠毁，机上人员全部罹难，其中包括 21 名因斯布鲁克大学成员。

• The victims of that crash included the economist Clemens August Andreae, another professor, six assistants and thirteen students, and Andreae had often led field visits to Hong Kong.那次空难的遇难者包括经济学家克莱门斯·奥古斯特·安德烈亚、另一位教授、六名助教与十三名学生，安德烈亚还经常带团前往香港考察。

• In 2004 the Faculty of Medicine was spun off from the main university to become a university in its own right, now called the Innsbruck Medical University.2004 年医学院从主校剥离成为一所独立大学，即如今的因斯布鲁克医科大学。

• In 2012 the School of Education was established and was later renamed the Faculty of Teacher Education.2012 年该校设立教育学院，随后更名为师范教育学院。

• In 2005 copies of letters written by the emperors Frederick II and Conrad IV were found in the university's library, having arrived in Innsbruck in the 18th century from the charterhouse of Allerengelberg in Schnals.2005 年，皇帝腓特烈二世与康拉德四世的书信抄本在该校图书馆被发现，它们是在 18 世纪从施纳尔斯的阿勒伦格尔贝格加尔都西会隐修院辗转来到因斯布鲁克的。

• The university marked its 350th anniversary in 2019, three and a half centuries after its foundation by Leopold I.该校于 2019 年迎来建校 350 周年，距利奥波德一世创立它已过去三个半世纪。

Academics

• The university is a comprehensive institution covering subjects from architecture to zoology, organised into 16 faculties and 83 departments.该校是一所学科涵盖从建筑学到动物学的综合性大学，设有 16 个学院与 83 个系所。

• Some 28,000 people study at the university, more than 4,000 students begin a new degree each year and about 4,000 courses are offered every academic year.该校约有二万八千人就读，每年有四千多名学生开始攻读新的学位，每学年开设约四千门课程。

• It offers about 150 programmes, including 41 bachelor's, 60 master's, 4 diploma and 26 doctoral programmes in the academic year 2022-23.该校开设约 150 个专业，在 2022 至 2023 学年包括 41 个本科、60 个硕士、4 个文凭与 26 个博士专业。

• The 16 faculties created by the organisation plan of 1 October 2004 include architecture, biology, Catholic theology, chemistry and pharmacy, economics and statistics, education, technical sciences and law.2004 年 10 月 1 日组织规划设立的 16 个学院包括建筑、生物、天主教神学、化学与药学、经济学与统计学、教育、技术科学以及法律。

• Other faculties are geography and atmospheric sciences, humanities, mathematics, computer science and physics, psychology and sports science, political sciences and sociology, management and teacher education.其他学院则为地理与大气科学、人文、数学、计算机科学与物理、心理学与体育科学、政治学与社会学、管理学以及师范教育。

• The Faculty of Catholic Theology is one of its oldest units, growing out of the Jesuit school opened in 1562, and it remains a distinct faculty of the university.天主教神学院是该校最古老的单位之一，源自 1562 年开办的耶稣会学校，至今仍是该校一个独立的学院。

• The Faculty of Technical Sciences, which descends from the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture founded in 1969, teaches architecture and engineering.技术科学学院源自 1969 年创立的土木工程与建筑学院，开设建筑学与工程学。

• The Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science is shaped by the university's Alpine setting and its work in sports research.心理学与体育科学学院深受该校所处的阿尔卑斯环境及其体育研究的影响。

• Its Faculty of Economics and Statistics and its School of Management teach economics, statistics and business subjects.其经济学与统计学院以及管理学院教授经济学、统计学与商学课程。

• The 83 departments are grouped into the 16 faculties, spanning architecture, law, theology, the natural sciences and the social sciences.其 83 个系所分属 16 个学院，涵盖建筑、法律、神学、自然科学与社会科学。

• Since the separation of the Faculty of Medicine in 2004, medical studies have been offered by the Medical University of Innsbruck rather than by the main university.自 2004 年医学院剥离以来，医学专业改由因斯布鲁克医科大学而非主校开设。

• The Digital Science Center, founded in 2019, teaches skills ranging from programming languages to data management and analysis and the non-technical aspects of digitalisation.2019 年成立的数据科学中心教授从编程语言到数据管理与分析，乃至数字化非技术层面的种种技能。

• Many degree programmes can be supplemented with freely selectable packages on topics such as digitalisation, sustainability, media and corporate communications.许多学位专业可以通过自由选修的模块加以补充，主题涵盖数字化、可持续性、媒体与企业传播等。

• The university offers two-semester extension studies in entrepreneurship, computer science and scientific computing to broaden subject-specific competencies.该校开设创业学、计算机科学与科学计算方向的两年期扩展课程，以拓展特定学科的能力。

• Since 2022 a regular master's programme in peace and conflict studies has been taught, and in 2023 Rina Alluri was inaugurated as the new UNESCO Chair of Peace Studies.自 2022 年起该校开设正式的和平与冲突研究硕士专业，2023 年丽娜·阿卢里就任新的联合国教科文组织和平研究教席。

• For several bachelor's and master's programmes, such as architecture, biology, computer science, pharmacy and psychology, special admission regulations apply before general admission.对于建筑、生物、计算机科学、药学和心理学等若干本科与硕士专业，在一般录取之前适用特殊的录取规定。

• The Austrian Students' Association is the legal representation of all students, and students pay a fee of 21.20 euro per semester, which the university collects with any tuition fee.奥地利学生会联合会是所有学生的法定代表机构，学生每学期缴纳 21.20 欧元会费，由该校连同学费一并收取。

• Students of European Union, European Economic Area and Swiss citizenship normally pay only that fee, while tuition after the non-contributory period is 363.36 euro for them and 726.72 euro for third-country nationals per semester.欧盟、欧洲经济区与瑞士籍学生通常仅需缴纳该会费，在超出免费学习期后，他们每学期学费为 363.36 欧元，第三国学生则为 726.72 欧元。

• Its physics department has made significant contributions in many branches, and the university is especially known for research in physics and in the natural sciences.其物理系在多个分支作出了重要贡献，该校尤以物理学与自然科学的研究著称。

• The university cooperates with other institutions such as the Technical University of Vienna, where its former researcher Günther Rupprechter heads the Institute of Materials Chemistry.该校与其他机构合作，例如在维也纳技术大学，其曾经的研究者京特·鲁普雷希特主持材料化学研究所。

Campus

• The university buildings are spread across the city of Innsbruck and there is no single university campus as such.该校建筑散布于因斯布鲁克全城，并没有一个单一的大学校园。

• The Faculty of Catholic Theology traces its buildings to the Jesuit school opened in 1562, and the university also used buildings of the Jesuit church in the Leopoldsaal, the site of the original university.天主教神学院的建筑可追溯到 1562 年开办的耶稣会学校，该校还曾使用耶稣会教堂在利奥波德厅的建筑，那里是最初大学的所在地。

• The main building and the university library opened in 1924, and the scientific faculty and the construction faculty were added in the west of Hotting in 1969.主楼与大学图书馆于 1924 年启用，1969 年又在霍廷西侧增设自然科学与建筑学院。

• The main building and the University and State Library of Tyrol, which opened in 1924, form the historic core of the university in the city centre.主楼与 1924 年启用的蒂罗尔大学与州立图书馆构成了该校位于市中心的历史核心。

• The site in the west of Hotting, developed from 1969, gathers the natural science and engineering faculties on the slopes above the Inn valley.自 1969 年起开发的霍廷西侧园区把自然科学与工程学院汇集于因河谷上方的山坡之上。

• Construction of the Geiwi tower for the former Philosophy faculty, an addition to the main building, began in 1976.为原哲学学院建造的盖维楼于 1976 年动工，它是主楼的扩建部分。

• The Social Science faculty opened in 1997 in the former Fenner barracks, adapting a military building for teaching and research.社会科学学院于 1997 年在原芬纳兵营中启用，把一座军事建筑改造为教学与研究之用。

• Later additions include the Center of Chemistry and Biomedicine opened in 2012 and the Ágnes-Heller-House opened in 2023.此后新增的建筑包括 2012 年启用的化学与生物医学中心以及 2023 年启用的阿格内斯-赫勒楼。

• The university maintains a botanical garden and, higher in the Alps, the Alpengarten on the Patscherkofel, one of its two botanical points of interest.该校设有一座植物园，在高处的阿尔卑斯山上还拥有帕彻科格尔高山园，二者是其两处植物学景观。

• Several clinics of the medical university in the area became Tyrolean national hospitals, linking the university's teaching to regional care.该医学大学在当地的若干诊所成为蒂罗尔州立医院，把大学教学与地区医疗连接起来。

Reputation

• The University of Innsbruck is ranked 333rd in the 2027 QS World University Rankings, among the strongest universities in Austria in that table.因斯布鲁克大学在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列第 333，是该榜单上奥地利实力最强的大学之一。

• It is placed in the 301-325 band of the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings and 447th in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities ranking.该校在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中处于 301 至 325 区间，在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中位列第 447。

• In the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities, published by Shanghai Jiao Tong University, the university falls in the 201-300 band.在由上海交通大学发布的 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名中，该校处于 201 至 300 区间。

• According to OpenAlex the university has produced 113,346 research works attracting 9,519,479 citations.据 OpenAlex 统计，该校已产出 113,346 项研究成果，累计被引用 9,519,479 次。

• Five Nobel laureates are connected with the university, including Anton Zeilinger in physics in 2022 and Victor Franz Hess in physics in 1936.有五位诺贝尔奖得主与该校相关，包括 2022 年物理学奖得主安东·蔡林格与 1936 年物理学奖得主维克托·弗朗茨·赫斯。

• The other laureates are Hans Fischer in chemistry in 1930, Adolf Windaus in chemistry in 1928 and Fritz Pregl in chemistry in 1923.其他得主还包括 1930 年化学奖得主汉斯·菲舍尔、1928 年化学奖得主阿道夫·温道斯以及 1923 年化学奖得主弗里茨·普雷格尔。

• The university's reputation in physics owes much to the work of Victor Franz Hess, who received the 1936 Nobel Prize for the discovery of cosmic rays.该校在物理学上的声誉很大程度上归功于维克托·弗朗茨·赫斯的工作，他因发现宇宙射线而获得 1936 年诺贝尔奖。

• Its standing as the third largest university in Austria reflects a comprehensive profile and a strong record in the natural sciences, law and the humanities.其作为奥地利第三大大学的地位，反映出其综合性的学科格局以及在自然科学、法律与人文学科方面的强劲实力。

• Because it sits on a traditional north-south route linking Europe, the university describes itself as internationally oriented and regionally rooted.由于地处连接欧洲的传统南北通路上，该校自称为面向国际并扎根于本地。

Student life

• The university's mission statement is We build bridges to the future, a slogan it used for its 350th anniversary in 2019.该校的使命宣言是「我们架起通往未来的桥梁」，这一口号也是其为 2019 年建校 350 周年所采用的主题。

• All students are automatically members of the Austrian Students' Association and pay its fee each semester together with any tuition.所有学生自动成为奥地利学生会联合会成员，并在每学期连同学费一并缴纳其会费。

• The university lies in the heart of the Alps in the city of Innsbruck, offering students an alpine-urban setting and easy access to mountain sports.该校位于因斯布鲁克市阿尔卑斯山腹地，为学生提供阿尔卑斯与城市交融的环境以及便于参与山地运动的便利。

• Its location in the heart of the Alps also makes it a base for winter sports and for field research in the mountains.身处阿尔卑斯山腹地的位置，也使它成为冬季运动与山地野外考察的基地。

• Its botanical garden and the Alpengarten on the Patscherkofel are used for teaching and are open as points of interest in the city and the mountains.其植物园与帕彻科格尔高山园用于教学，并作为城市与山地间的景点对外开放。

• The University and State Library of Tyrol serves as the main library, supporting study across the faculties and the wider public.蒂罗尔大学与州立图书馆作为主图书馆，为各学院的学习以及更广泛的公众服务。

• Students organise their representation through the Austrian Students' Association, whose fee is collected by the study department of the university.学生通过奥地利学生会联合会组织其代表事务，其会费由该校学籍部门收取。

• Because the buildings are dispersed across the city rather than on one campus, student life is closely interwoven with the life of Innsbruck itself.由于建筑散布全城而非集中在单一校园，学生生活与因斯布鲁克这座城市的生活紧密交织。

Notable people

• The physicist Anton Zeilinger, who shared the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics, and the physicists Peter Zoller and Rainer Blatt are among its leading researchers.共同获得 2022 年诺贝尔物理学奖的物理学家安东·蔡林格，以及物理学家彼得·佐勒与赖纳·布拉特，都是该校的杰出研究者。

• The economist Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk, a founder of the Austrian School of Economics, taught at the university, as did the theologian Karl Rahner.奥地利经济学派创始人之一、经济学家欧根·冯·伯姆-巴维克曾在该校任教，神学家卡尔·拉纳亦然。

• The political scientist Anton Pelinka, the mathematician Leopold Vietoris and the economist Clemens August Andreae were long-serving professors whose work shaped the university.政治学家安东·佩林卡、数学家利奥波德·菲托里斯与经济学家克莱门斯·奥古斯特·安德烈亚是长期任教的教授，其工作塑造了这所大学。

• The Nobel laureates Victor Franz Hess in physics and Fritz Pregl, Hans Fischer and Adolf Windaus in chemistry studied or taught at the university.物理学奖得主维克托·弗朗茨·赫斯与化学奖得主弗里茨·普雷格尔、汉斯·菲舍尔、阿道夫·温道斯都曾在该校求学或任教。

• Alexander van der Bellen, President of Austria, is an alumnus, as are Josef Aschbacher, director general of the European Space Agency, and Josef Hoop, prime minister of Liechtenstein.奥地利总统亚历山大·范德贝伦是该校校友，欧洲空间局局长约瑟夫·阿施巴赫以及列支敦士登首相约瑟夫·霍普也是。

• The engineer Alois Negrelli, who helped develop the Suez Canal, and the Croatian former prime minister Ivo Sanader are also alumni of the university.参与开发苏伊士运河的工程师阿洛伊斯·内格利以及克罗地亚前总理伊沃·萨纳德也是该校校友。

• The journalist Armin Wolf and the politician Matthias Strolz, founder of the party NEOS, studied at the university.记者阿尔明·沃尔夫与政党 NEOS 创始人、政治家马蒂亚斯·施特罗尔茨曾在该校学习。

• The Austrian chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg, imprisoned after the Anschluss of 1938, and the theologian Johann Baptist Metz are linked to the university.1938 年德奥合并后遭监禁的奥地利总理库尔特·许施尼格与神学家约翰·巴普蒂斯特·梅茨都与该校有关联。

• Christoph Probst, a medical student and member of the White Rose resistance group executed in 1943, and the murdered Jesuit scholar Ignacio Ellacuría studied at Innsbruck.1943 年被处决的医科学生、白玫瑰抵抗组织成员克里斯托夫·普罗布斯特，以及遇害的耶稣会学者伊格纳西奥·埃拉库里亚都曾在因斯布鲁克求学。

• The Chinese geologist He Zuolin, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, received his doctorate at the University of Innsbruck in 1939.中国科学院院士、中国地质学家何作霖于 1939 年在因斯布鲁克大学获得博士学位。