University of Florence

The University of Florence, known in Italian as Università degli Studi di Firenze and abbreviated UNIFI, is a public research university in the city of Florence in central Italy, organised into 12 schools and enrolling about 50,000 students.佛罗伦萨大学，意大利语名为（Università degli Studi di Firenze），简称 UNIFI，是位于意大利中部佛罗伦萨市的一所公立研究型大学，设 12 个学院，约有 50,000 名学生就读。

It traces its origins to the Studio Fiorentino established by the Florentine Republic in 1321, was refounded in 1859 as the Istituto di Studi Superiori Pratici e di Perfezionamento, and took its present name in 1923.该校的渊源可追溯至 1321 年佛罗伦萨共和国创办的（Studio Fiorentino），1859 年以（Istituto di Studi Superiori Pratici e di Perfezionamento）之名重建，1923 年改用现名。

In the 2027 QS World University Rankings it is placed 409th, it stands in the 351-375 band of the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, it is ranked 255th in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities, and it falls in the 301-400 band of the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities, while OpenAlex credits it with 154,307 research works and 12,201,540 citations.该校在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列第 409，在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中处于 351 至 375 区间，在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中位列第 255，在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中处于 301 至 400 区间，OpenAlex 统计其研究成果 154,307 项、累计被引 12,201,540 次。

History

• In 1321 the Florentine Republic established the Studio Fiorentino, a Studium Generale where the first courses taught were civil law, canon law, literature and medicine.1321 年，佛罗伦萨共和国创办了（Studio Fiorentino），这是一所（Studium Generale），最初开设的课程包括民法、教会法、文学与医学。

• In 1349 Pope Clement VI recognised the Studium, authorised it to grant regular degrees and established that the first faculty of theology in Italy would be in Florence.1349 年，教皇克雷芒六世承认了该（Studium），授权其颁发正式学位，并确定意大利第一个神学院设于佛罗伦萨。

• In 1364 the Studium became an imperial university, a status bound to the Holy Roman Empire rather than to the papacy, reflecting the shifting politics of the Italian peninsula.1364 年，该（Studium）升格为帝国大学，其地位隶属于神圣罗马帝国而非教廷，映射出意大利半岛政局的变迁。

• In 1473 the Studium was moved to Pisa when Lorenzo the Magnificent, the Medici ruler of Florence, gained control of the city and its university policy.1473 年，当佛罗伦萨的美第奇统治者洛伦佐·德·美第奇掌控该城及其大学政策后，这所（Studium）被迫迁往比萨。

• In 1497 King Charles VIII of France moved the university back to Florence during his Italian campaign, only for it to return to Pisa again in 1515 when the Medici family regained power.1497 年，法国国王查理八世在其意大利征战期间把大学迁回佛罗伦萨，但 1515 年美第奇家族重掌政权后，大学再次迁往比萨。

• In 1373 the Florentine Republic commissioned the poet Giovanni Boccaccio to give public lectures on Dante's Divine Comedy at the Studio, one of the earliest such lecture series in Europe.1373 年，佛罗伦萨共和国委托诗人乔瓦尼·薄伽丘在该（Studio）公开讲授但丁的《神曲》，这是欧洲最早的此类系列讲座之一。

• From 1456 the Greek scholar John Argyropoulos taught Greek at the Studium and translated works of Aristotle into Latin, spreading Greek learning across Renaissance Europe.自 1456 年起，希腊学者约翰·阿尔吉罗波洛斯在该（Studium）教授希腊语，并把亚里士多德的著作译成拉丁文，把希腊学术传播到文艺复兴时期的欧洲各地。

• In 1859 Leopold II, the Grand Duke of Tuscany, lost power and a group of separate higher-studies institutions was grouped together into the Istituto di Studi Superiori Pratici e di Perfezionamento.1859 年，托斯卡纳大公利奥波德二世失去权力，一批各自独立的高等教育机构被合并为（Istituto di Studi Superiori Pratici e di Perfezionamento）。

• In 1860 the new institution was recognised as a fully-fledged university by the government of the Kingdom of Sardinia, which annexed the United Provinces of Central Italy in that year.1860 年，新机构获得撒丁王国政府的认可，成为一所正式大学，该王国于同年吞并了中意大利联合省。

• In 1865 the newly formed Kingdom of Italy chose Florence as its temporary capital, a role the city lost when Rome was captured in 1870 and became the permanent capital.1865 年，新成立的意大利王国选择佛罗伦萨作为临时首都，1870 年罗马被攻占并成为永久首都后，佛罗伦萨失去这一地位。

• In 1923 the Italian Parliament renamed the Istituto as a university, giving the institution the legal form and name of the University of Florence that it still bears.1923 年，意大利议会把该（Istituto）更名为大学，赋予该校至今沿用的法律形式与名称，即佛罗伦萨大学。

• In 1999 the European Union recognised the University of Florence as a centre of excellence for research and teaching in the process of European integration.1999 年，欧盟把佛罗伦萨大学评为欧洲一体化进程中教学与科研方面的杰出中心。

• The medical tradition of the city long predates the modern university, and Leonardo da Vinci carried out anatomical studies at the Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, which is today a teaching hospital affiliated with the university.这座城市的医学传统远早于现代大学，达·芬奇曾在圣玛利亚诺瓦医院从事解剖研究，该医院如今是佛罗伦萨大学的附属教学医院。

• The modern university grew out of schools of medicine, law and the natural sciences within the Istituto, and these disciplines remain among its largest academic units.现代大学由该（Istituto）内的医学、法学与自然科学诸科发展而来，这些学科至今仍是该校规模最大的学术单位之列。

• Through the Medici period and the centuries that followed, the fortunes of higher learning in Florence were tied to the political struggles of the city and the wider Italian states.历经美第奇时期及其后的数百年，佛罗伦萨高等教育的命运一直与这座城市及意大利各邦国的政治角逐紧密相连。

• The earlier name of the institution, the Studio Fiorentino, is still recalled in the university's history and in the way it describes its medieval origins.该校早期的名称（Studio Fiorentino）至今仍在其校史叙述中被提及，用以说明其中世纪的渊源。

• The Polo Scientifico in Sesto Fiorentino was developed to gather the science departments on one modern site outside the historic centre of Florence.位于塞斯托－菲奥伦蒂诺的科学园区被开发出来，把各理科院系集中到佛罗伦萨历史城区之外的一个现代化场址。

• Arts, humanities and architecture remain in the historic centre of Florence, in the area of the Accademia di Belle Arti, the home of Michelangelo's statue of David.艺术、人文学科与建筑学仍留在佛罗伦萨的历史城区，位于佛罗伦萨美术学院的区域，那里正是米开朗基罗的雕像《大卫》的所在地。

• The university is one of the four leading economics universities of Italy and has long held a prominent place in the Italian legal and political sciences.该校是意大利四所主要经济类名校之一，在意大利法学与政治学领域长期占据突出地位。

• Today the university is part of the Italian state university system, with 12 schools, about 50,000 students and an academic tradition that reaches back seven centuries.如今该校属于意大利国立大学体系，设 12 个学院、约有 50,000 名学生，其学术传统可上溯七个世纪。

Academics

• The University of Florence is subdivided into 12 schools, namely Agriculture, Architecture, Arts, Economics, Education, Engineering, Law, Mathematics, Physics and Natural Sciences, Medicine and Surgery, Pharmacology, Political Science and Psychology.佛罗伦萨大学下设 12 个学院，分别是农学院、建筑学院、艺术学院、经济学院、教育学院、工程学院、法学院、数学物理与自然科学学院、医学与外科学院、药理学院、政治科学学院与心理学院。

• About 50,000 students are enrolled at the university, and some 13,000 of them are new entrants each academic year.该校约有 50,000 名学生注册在读，每个学年约有 13,000 人为新入学学生。

• The university employs more than 2,300 academic staff and research students, supported by almost 1,800 technical and administrative staff.该校聘有 2,300 多名教学科研人员与研究生，另有近 1,800 名技术与管理人员提供支持。

• Of the new entrants each year, about 35 per cent come from the province of Florence, 38 per cent from outside Tuscany, 22 per cent from other Italian regions and some 5 per cent from other countries.每年新生中约 35% 来自佛罗伦萨省，38% 来自托斯卡纳以外的地区，22% 来自意大利其他大区，约 5% 来自其他国家。

• The university's Law School is one of the leading law schools in Italy and has repeatedly been recognised as a national Department of Excellence by the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research.该校法学院是意大利顶尖法学院之一，多次被教育与大学科研部认定为国家级的卓越系。

• Alumni and faculty of the School of Law have held leading positions in Italian government, including the presidency of the Constitutional Court and the office of Prime Minister.法学院校友与教师曾担任意大利政府要职，包括宪法法院院长与总理。

• The university's Medical School works closely with the hospitals of the Careggi district, while the historic Santa Maria Nuova Hospital serves as a teaching hospital of the university.该校医学院与卡雷吉地区的医院密切合作，历史悠久的圣玛利亚诺瓦医院则是该校的教学医院。

• Teaching is organised so that each school sits in the part of Florence most suited to its subject, from the social sciences in Novoli to the natural sciences at Sesto Fiorentino.教学按学科布局安排，使每个学院都位于佛罗伦萨最适合其学科的区域，从诺沃利的社科片区到塞斯托－菲奥伦蒂诺的理科片区。

• The School of Economics, the School of Law and the School of Political Science share the Polo delle Scienze Sociali in the Novoli district, close to the new courthouse of Florence.经济学院、法学院与政治科学学院共用位于诺沃利区的社会科学园区，紧邻佛罗伦萨新法院大楼。

• The university offers undergraduate, master's, doctoral and specialisation programmes across its 12 schools, covering the humanities, the sciences, the social sciences and the professions.该校在 12 个学院中开设本科、硕士、博士与专业进修等各类课程，涵盖人文学科、自然科学、社会科学与各专业领域。

• Research is concentrated in the Polo Scientifico at Sesto Fiorentino, where the scientific departments and their laboratories are gathered on a single modern site that also houses a section of the National Institute for Nuclear Physics.科研工作集中于塞斯托－菲奥伦蒂诺的科学园区，各理科院系及其实验室汇集于同一个现代化园区内，意大利国家核物理研究所的一个分部也设于此处。

• The university's museums, including the Museo Galileo and the Museum of Natural History, support teaching and research in the history of science and the natural sciences, and the university also hosts the European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy at its Sesto Fiorentino site.该校的博物馆，包括伽利略博物馆与自然史博物馆，为科学史与自然科学的教学和研究提供支撑；该校还在塞斯托－菲奥伦蒂诺园区设有欧洲非线性光谱学实验室。

• The Botanical Garden of Florence, known as the Orto Botanico or Giardino dei Semplici, forms part of the university's museum system and supports botanical teaching.佛罗伦萨植物园，又称（Orto Botanico）或（Giardino dei Semplici），属于该校博物馆体系的一部分，为植物学教学提供支持。

• The university maintains research and teaching agreements with some 150 universities around the world, supporting student and staff exchange.该校与世界约 150 所大学签订了科研与教学合作协议，支持学生与教师的交流。

• Doctoral training is organised in PhD programmes attached to the individual schools, and the university awards the titles of dottore, dottore magistrale and dottore di ricerca.博士培养以隶属于各学院的博士项目形式组织，学校授予学士、硕士与博士三级学位。

• With its long tradition in law, economics and political science, the university is one of the four economics universities of Italy and trains many of the country's jurists and public officials.凭借在法学、经济学与政治学方面的悠久传统，该校是意大利四所经济类名校之一，为该国培养了大批法学家与公职人员。

Campus

• Rather than occupying a single walled campus, the University of Florence is spread across the city and its surroundings, with its schools placed in districts of Florence and in Sesto Fiorentino.佛罗伦萨大学并未占据单一的有围墙校园，而是分布于城市及其周边，各学院设于佛罗伦萨的不同城区与塞斯托－菲奥伦蒂诺。

• The Polo delle Scienze Sociali in the Novoli district houses the School of Economics, the School of Law and the School of Political Science, next to the new courthouse.诺沃利区的社会科学园区设有经济学院、法学院与政治科学学院，紧邻新法院大楼。

• The Careggi district, close to the main hospital of Florence, is the home of the School of Medicine and Surgery and the School of Pharmacology, together with several scientific and engineering departments.紧邻佛罗伦萨主要医院的卡雷吉区是医学与外科学院与药理学院的所在地，并驻有若干理科与工科院系。

• The School of Engineering is based at the S. Marta Institute, while the School of Agriculture stands in front of the Parco delle Cascine, the largest public park in Florence.工程学院位于（S. Marta）研究所，而农学院则坐落在佛罗伦萨最大的公园卡希内公园之前。

• The School of Mathematics, Physics and Natural Sciences is located at Sesto Fiorentino, on the Polo Scientifico built outside the historic centre of the city.数学、物理与自然科学学院位于塞斯托－菲奥伦蒂诺，坐落于建在历史城区之外的科学校区。

• The School of Architecture lies in the centre of the city, in the area of the Accademia di Belle Arti, the gallery that houses Michelangelo's David.建筑学院位于城市中心，地处佛罗伦萨美术学院一带，该美术馆正是米开朗基罗《大卫》的收藏地。

• The faculties of literature, history, philosophy and pedagogy occupy historic buildings in the centre of Florence, within walking distance of the city's museums and archives.文学、历史、哲学与教育学等院系占据佛罗伦萨市中心的数座历史建筑，步行可达城中的博物馆与档案馆。

• The university's museum system includes the Museo Galileo, the Museum of Natural History and the Botanical Garden, all open to students and to the public.该校的博物馆体系包括伽利略博物馆、自然史博物馆与植物园，均向学生与公众开放。

Reputation

• In the 2027 QS World University Rankings the University of Florence is placed 409th, keeping it among the leading Italian universities in the global table.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，佛罗伦萨大学位列第 409，稳居进入全球榜单的意大利领先高校之列。

• In the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings it stands in the 351-375 band, and in the 2026 edition of the same ranking it was placed in the 351-400 band.在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中，该校处于 351 至 375 区间；在同一排名的 2026 年版中，该校处于 351 至 400 区间。

• In the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities ranking it is placed 255th worldwide, a high position among Italian universities.在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中，该校位列全球第 255，在意大利高校中位居前列。

• In the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities it falls in the 301-400 band, reflecting its standing in the sciences and medicine.在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中，该校处于 301 至 400 区间，反映出其在理学与医学方面的地位。

• The School of Law has repeatedly been named a Department of Excellence by the Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research, an official mark of research quality.法学院多次被意大利教育与大学科研部评为卓越系，这是其研究质量的官方标志。

• According to OpenAlex the university has produced 154,307 research works attracting 12,201,540 citations, evidence of its large research output.据 OpenAlex 统计，该校已产出 154,307 项研究成果，累计被引 12,201,540 次，显示出其庞大的科研产出。

• In 1999 the European Union recognised the University of Florence as a centre of excellence for teaching and research in European integration, an award cited in the university's own history.1999 年，欧盟把佛罗伦萨大学评为欧洲一体化教学与科研方面的杰出中心，这一荣誉被写入该校校史。

• The university maintains agreements with some 150 universities worldwide and takes part in European exchange schemes, giving its students access to a wide international network.该校与世界约 150 所大学签订协议，并参与欧洲的交流计划，为学生提供宽广的国际网络。

• Historically one of the great universities of Italy, it remains particularly strong in law, economics, political science, medicine and the natural sciences.作为意大利历史上最著名的大学之一，该校至今在法学、经济学、政治学、医学与自然科学方面尤为突出。

Student life

• The University of Florence has no formal motto, and instead identifies itself through its origin as the Studio Fiorentino and its long association with the city of the Renaissance.佛罗伦萨大学没有正式的校训，而是以（Studio Fiorentino）的渊源及其与文艺复兴之城的长期联系来标示自身。

• About 50,000 students are enrolled, most of them Italian, and some 13,000 new students enter each year, of whom only about 5 per cent come from outside Italy.该校约有 50,000 名学生注册在读，绝大多数为意大利人；每年约有 13,000 名新生入学，其中仅约 5% 来自意大利以外的国家。

• Student life is closely bound up with the city itself, and students study and live among the museums, libraries, archives and historic streets of central Florence.学生生活与城市本身紧密交织，学生们在佛罗伦萨市中心的博物馆、图书馆、档案馆与历史街巷之间学习与生活。

• The Centro Universitario Sportivo of Florence, known as CUS Firenze, provides the university's students with sports facilities and teams.佛罗伦萨大学体育中心（Centro Universitario Sportivo，简称 CUS Firenze）为该大学生提供体育设施与运动队。

• The Botanical Garden, founded in 1545 and among the oldest in the world, is open to students and the public and remains a living teaching collection.植物园建于 1545 年，是世界上历史最悠久的植物园之一，向学生与公众开放，至今仍是一处活的教学标本园。

• European exchange programmes bring visiting students to Florence, and the university's agreements with some 150 universities allow its own students to study abroad.欧洲的交流项目把访问学生带到佛罗伦萨，而该校与世界约 150 所大学签订的协议也让学生得以赴海外学习。

• Students and staff make use of the university's museums, including the Museo Galileo, and of the wider cultural institutions of Florence.学生与教职工可以使用该校的博物馆（包括伽利略博物馆），以及佛罗伦萨更广泛的文化机构。

• Graduates join a large alumni community that includes Italian prime ministers, judges, scientists, journalists and artists, and the university keeps in contact with them through its alumni office.毕业生加入一个庞大的校友群体，其中包括意大利总理、法官、科学家、记者与艺术家，学校通过校友办公室与他们保持联系。

Notable people

• Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-1375), the poet and author of the Decameron, was commissioned by the Florentine Republic in 1373 to lecture on the Divine Comedy at the Studio Fiorentino.乔瓦尼·薄伽丘（1313 至 1375）是诗人、《十日谈》的作者，1373 年受佛罗伦萨共和国委托在（Studio Fiorentino）讲授《神曲》。

• Pope Pius II, born Enea Silvio Piccolomini, is counted among the earliest notable alumni of the Studio Fiorentino in Florence.教皇庇护二世，原名埃内亚·西尔维奥·皮科洛米尼，被视为佛罗伦萨（Studio Fiorentino）最早的重要校友之一。

• Enrico Fermi (1901-1954), who won the 1938 Nobel Prize in Physics, was professor of mathematical physics at the University of Florence before his later work in Rome and the United States.恩里科·费米（1901 至 1954）是 1938 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主，在赴罗马与美国开展后续研究之前，曾在佛罗伦萨大学任数学物理学教授。

• Mario Draghi, President of the European Central Bank from 2011 to 2019 and Prime Minister of Italy from 2021 to 2022, was full professor of monetary economics at the university from 1981 to 1991.马里奥·德拉吉于 2011 年至 2019 年任欧洲中央银行行长、2021 年至 2022 年任意大利总理，他于 1981 年至 1991 年在该校任货币经济学正教授。

• Giuseppe Conte, Prime Minister of Italy from 2018 to 2021, teaches private law at the university.朱塞佩·孔特于 2018 年至 2021 年任意大利总理，现于该校教授私法。

• Matteo Renzi, Prime Minister of Italy from 2014 to 2016, is an alumnus of the University of Florence.马泰奥·伦齐于 2014 年至 2016 年任意大利总理，是佛罗伦萨大学的校友。

• David Sassoli (1956-2022), a journalist who served as President of the European Parliament from 2019 to 2022, studied at the university.大卫·萨索利（1956 至 2022）是一名记者，于 2019 年至 2022 年任欧洲议会议长，曾在该校就读。

• Oriana Fallaci (1929-2006), the Italian journalist and writer known for her interviews with world leaders, was an alumna of the university.奥里亚娜·法拉奇（1929 至 2006）是意大利记者与作家，以采访世界政要而闻名，也是该校校友。

• Margherita Hack (1922-2013), the astrophysicist who directed the observatory at Arcetri and became a well-known science communicator, was a professor at the university.玛格丽塔·哈克（1922 至 2013）是天文物理学家，曾任阿尔切特里天文台台长，也是广为人知的科普人士，曾是该校教授。

• Giovanni Gentile (1875-1944), the philosopher who served as Minister of Education and shaped the Italian school system of the 1920s, was an alumnus of the university.乔瓦尼·秦梯利（1875 至 1944）是哲学家，曾任教育部长并塑造了 1920 年代的意大利学校制度，也是该校校友。

• Gabriele Veneziano, the theoretical physicist regarded as a founder of string theory, is counted among the university's graduates.加布里埃莱·韦内齐亚诺是理论物理学家，被视为弦理论的奠基人之一，也是该校毕业生。

• Wang Yifang, a Chinese physicist and academician who directs the Institute of High Energy Physics in Beijing, is counted among the university's international alumni.王贻芳是中国物理学家、中国科学院院士，任北京高能物理研究所所长，被列为该校的国际校友之一。