University of Crete

The University of Crete (UoC, Greek: Πανεπιστήμιο Κρήτης) is a public, research-oriented university on the island of Crete in Greece, established in 1973 and teaching its first students in the academic year 1977-78, with its seat at the Gallos Campus in Rethymno.克里特大学（英文 University of Crete，缩写 UoC，希腊文 Πανεπιστήμιο Κρήτης）是希腊克里特岛上的公立研究型大学，创办于 1973 年，1977-78 学年首次招生，校部设在雷西姆农的加洛斯校区。

It operates across two campuses, the Gallos Campus in Rethymno and the Voutes Campus in Heraklion, and it is organised into five schools covering philosophy, education, social sciences, sciences and engineering, and medicine.学校分设两个校区——雷西姆农的加洛斯校区与伊拉克利翁的沃特斯校区，下设哲学、教育、社会科学、科学与工程、医学五个学院。

As of its own 2024 figures the university registers more than 18,000 undergraduates and about 3,000 postgraduate students, taught by around 450 academic staff and supported by some 300 technical and administrative staff, and the QS World University Rankings 2027 place it at 649th.按学校 2024 年口径，注册本科生超过 18,000 人、研究生约 3,000 人，专任教师约 450 人，技术与行政人员约 300 人；2027 年 QS 世界大学排名将其列为世界第 649 位。

History

• The University of Crete was created in 1973 as part of Greece's postwar expansion of higher education, which brought new universities to regions outside Athens and Thessaloniki.克里特大学创办于 1973 年，是希腊战后高等教育扩张的一部分，这轮扩张把新大学带到了雅典与塞萨洛尼基以外的地区。

• Planners chose to build on the island of Crete at two sites, one on the north coast at Rethymno for the humanities and social sciences and one at Heraklion for the natural sciences and medicine.规划者决定在克里特岛南北两处建校：北岸的雷西姆农承担人文与社会科学，伊拉克利翁承担自然科学与医学。

• The School of Philosophy, the oldest of the university's schools, was founded in 1976 in Rethymno with departments of philology, history and archaeology, and philosophy.作为学校最古老的学院，哲学学院于 1976 年在雷西姆诺成立，下设语文学、历史与考古学、哲学三个系。

• The Faculty of Positive and Technological Sciences was founded in 1976 in Heraklion with departments of mathematics, physics, biology, chemistry and computer science.实证与技术科学学院于 1976 年在伊拉克利翁成立，设数学、物理学、生物学、化学与计算机科学等系。

• The School of Medicine was founded in 1976 by presidential decree 653/76 as a six-year medical school, the second medical faculty to be created in Greece after the war.医学院依据 1976 年第 653 号总统令以六年制医学院形式成立，是战后希腊成立的第二个医学院。

• The university admitted its first students in the academic year 1977-78, opening simultaneously at Rethymno and Heraklion.学校于 1977-78 学年招收首批学生，雷西姆农与伊拉克利翁两地同时开课。

• The first graduate programme, in physics, began in 1980, and the department has since awarded 190 doctorates by September 2026.学校的首个研究生项目——物理学研究生项目于 1980 年启动，截至 2026 年 9 月该系已授予 190 个博士学位。

• The Natural History Museum of Crete was established in 1981 in Heraklion and became part of the university, developing into a major research and public science institution.克里特自然历史博物馆于 1981 年在伊拉克利翁成立并纳入学校，逐步发展为重要的科研与公众科学机构。

• The biologist Fotis Kafatos, later the founding president of the European Research Council, joined the university as a professor in 1982 and helped build its molecular biology research.后来出任欧洲研究理事会首任主席的生物学家福蒂斯·卡法托斯于 1982 年加入该校任教授，推动了学校分子生物学研究的建立。

• In 1983 the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology was founded, becoming one of the earliest research institutes of the science cluster that grew around Heraklion.1983 年，分子生物学与生物技术研究所成立，成为围绕伊拉克利翁形成的科研集群中最早的研究机构之一。

• The School of Social Sciences was founded in 1984 and began operating in the academic year 1987-88 with departments of sociology, economics, psychology and political science.社会科学学院于 1984 年成立，1987-88 学年开始运行，下设社会学、经济学、心理学与政治学等系。

• The School of Education was founded in 1995 by presidential decree 2/1995, adding departments of primary education and preschool education in Rethymno.教育学院依据 1995 年第 2 号总统令成立，在雷西姆农增设初等教育与学前教育两个系。

• The university was among the first in Greece to adopt the European Charter and Code for the recruitment of researchers and to join the Euraxess network for researcher mobility.学校是希腊最早采纳欧洲研究人员招聘宪章与准则、并加入研究人员流动 Euraxess 网络的大学之一。

• An external evaluation of Greek academic departments by the Hellenic Quality Assurance and Accreditation Agency between 2008 and 2014 characterised the University of Crete as a centre of excellence.希腊质量保障与认证署在 2008 年至 2014 年间对希腊各高校院系开展外部评估，将克里特大学评为卓越中心。

• A further institutional evaluation in 2016 found the university worthy of merit, and the reports were published openly.2016 年的再次机构评估认为该校值得肯定，相关报告对外公开。

• In the Times Higher Education World University Rankings of 2023 the university entered the world top 500 and was returned as the first university in Greece.在 2023 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中，学校进入世界前 500 名，并位居希腊高校首位。

• On the 2024 QS World University Rankings the university was ranked 168th in the world for citations per faculty, a measure of its research intensity.在 2024 年 QS 世界大学排名中，学校每名教师的论文被引次数位列世界第 168 位，体现其研究强度。

• In the 2027 QS World University Rankings the university is placed 649th among the 1,504 institutions ranked that year.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，学校在当年符合条件的 1,504 所高校中位列第 649 位。

Academics

• The university comprises five schools and sixteen departments, and it offers sixteen main undergraduate degree programmes and more than thirty master's programmes.学校由五个学院、十六个系组成，开设 16 个主要本科专业与 30 多个硕士项目。

• The School of Philosophy in Rethymno contains the departments of philology, history and archaeology, and philosophy, covering classical and modern Greek studies, the ancient world and speculative thought.雷西姆农的哲学学院下设语文学系、历史与考古学系、哲学系，涵盖古希腊与近现代希腊研究、古代世界以及思辨思想。

• The School of Education in Rethymno trains primary and preschool teachers through its two departments, one of the oldest teacher-training operations in the Greek periphery.雷西姆农的教育学院通过初等教育与学前教育两个系培养中小学与学前师资，是希腊地方高校中较早的师范培养单位之一。

• The School of Social Sciences in Rethymno brings together sociology, economics, psychology and political science departments.雷西姆农的社会科学学院汇集社会学、经济学、心理学与政治学四个系。

• The School of Sciences and Engineering in Heraklion groups the departments of mathematics and applied mathematics, physics, biology, chemistry, computer science, and materials science and engineering.伊拉克利翁的科学与工程学院汇集数学与应用数学、物理学、生物学、化学、计算机科学以及材料科学与工程等系。

• The School of Medicine in Heraklion runs the six-year medical degree and an International Program in Medicine taught in English for overseas students.伊拉克利翁的医学院开设六年制医学学位，并面向海外学生开设全英文授课的国际医学项目。

• Almost all teaching is in Greek at undergraduate level, but a growing number of master's and doctoral programmes are delivered in English for international students.本科阶段教学几乎全部使用希腊语，但面向国际学生、用英语授课的硕士与博士项目正在增加。

• Research and research training draw on the regional cluster of institutes, including the Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, known as FORTH.学校的研究与研究生培养依托本地区的科研机构集群，其中包括以「FORTH」闻名的希腊研究技术基金会。

• Within that cluster the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, the Institute of Astrophysics and the Institute of Computer Science give students access to facilities shared with the European Molecular Biology Laboratory network.在这一集群中，分子生物学与生物技术研究所、天体物理研究所与计算机科学研究所，让学生得以使用与欧洲分子生物学实验室网络共享的设施。

• The university operates the Skinakas Observatory on the Psiloritis mountain range as a teaching and research observatory for its astrophysics group.学校在普西洛里蒂斯山脉运营斯基纳卡斯天文台，作为其天体物理团队的教学与研究观测站。

• The Natural History Museum of Crete, founded in 1981, combines research collections with public exhibitions and is one of the island's principal science institutions.克里特自然历史博物馆成立于 1981 年，把研究收藏与公众展览结合在一起，是岛上主要的科学机构之一。

• The PAGNI University General Hospital in Heraklion serves as the main clinical teaching hospital of the School of Medicine.伊拉克利翁的大学总医院（PAGNI）是医学院的主要临床教学医院。

• The faculty numbers around 450, supported by adjunct lecturers, post-doctoral researchers, laboratory staff and instructors, and by about 300 technical and administrative staff.学校专任教师约 450 人，另有兼职讲师、博士后研究人员、实验室人员与教员，以及约 300 名技术与行政人员。

• The university takes part in the European Union programmes ERASMUS, LINGUA and TEMPUS and maintains cooperation with universities across the Mediterranean and Eastern Europe as well as in the United States.学校参与欧盟的 ERASMUS、LINGUA 与 TEMPUS 等项目，并与地中海、东欧以及美国的大学保持合作。

• The university forms part of the European Research and Education Area and describes itself as coordinating and participating in European research activities of the Union.学校是欧洲研究与教育区的一部分，并称自身协调与参与欧盟的多项科研活动。

• The university is known both nationally and internationally for research in the medical, physical and computer sciences, and it reports that its performance is repeatedly confirmed by international rankings.学校在医学、物理与计算机科学等领域的科研在国内与国际上均享有声誉，并称其表现多次得到国际排名的印证。

• Undergraduate teaching combines lectures with laboratory and fieldwork, and medical students train in the hospitals of Heraklion from their clinical years.本科教学把课堂讲授与实验室及野外实践相结合，医学生从临床学年起即在伊拉克利翁各医院接受训练。

Campus

• The Gallos Campus in Rethymno is the official seat of the university and houses the Schools of Philosophy, Education, and Social, Economic and Political Sciences.雷西姆农的加洛斯校区是学校的正式校部所在地，容纳哲学学院、教育学院以及社会、经济与政治科学学院。

• The Voutes Campus in Heraklion houses the School of Sciences and Engineering and the School of Medicine, together with a group of research infrastructures and the University General Hospital.伊拉克利翁的沃特斯校区容纳科学与工程学院、医学院，以及一批科研基础设施与大学总医院。

• Gallos Campus lies in the Gallos area of Rethymno on the north coast of Crete, close to the old town and its Venetian harbour.加洛斯校区位于克里特岛北岸雷西姆农的加洛斯地区，紧邻老城与其威尼斯式港口。

• Voutes Campus lies in the Voutes district on the southern edge of Heraklion, the island's largest city, near the research institutes of the region.沃特斯校区位于岛上最大城市伊拉克利翁南缘的沃特斯地区，邻近本地区的各个科研机构。

• The Natural History Museum of Crete stands in Heraklion as the university's principal public-facing science building, with exhibition halls and research collections.克里特自然历史博物馆坐落于伊拉克利翁，是学校最主要的面向公众的科学建筑，设有展厅与研究收藏。

• The Skinakas Observatory sits on the Psiloritis mountain range at an altitude suited to astronomical observation, serving the physics department and visiting researchers.斯基纳卡斯天文台位于普西洛里蒂斯山脉适宜天文观测的高海拔处，为物理系与来访研究人员服务。

• The University General Hospital of Heraklion, known as PAGNI, stands beside the Voutes Campus and provides the clinical base for the medical school.伊拉克利翁大学总医院（PAGNI）位于沃特斯校区旁，为医学院提供临床基地。

• Because the two campuses lie in different towns on the island, students and staff move between Rethymno and Heraklion for some shared programmes and events.由于两个校区位于岛上的不同城镇，学生与教师在部分共享项目与活动中往返于雷西姆农与伊拉克利翁之间。

Reputation

• The QS World University Rankings 2027 place the University of Crete at 649th in the world, the position under which this entry is catalogued.2027 年 QS 世界大学排名将克里特大学列为世界第 649 位，本条目即按此名次收录。

• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 put the university in the 701-800 band, after the 601-800 band it held the previous year.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名把该校列入第 701-800 位，低于其上一年度的第 601-800 位。

• The US News Best Global Universities ranking for 2026-2027 places the university 673rd in the world.2026-2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名将该校列为世界第 673 位。

• The Shanghai Academic Ranking of World Universities of 2026 places the university in the 901-1000 band of its main list.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名主榜将该校列入第 901-1000 位。

• In the 2023 Times Higher Education rankings the university entered the world top 500 and stood first among Greek universities, ahead of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.在 2023 年泰晤士高等教育排名中，学校进入世界前 500 名并位居希腊高校首位，领先于雅典国立卡波季斯特里安大学与塞萨洛尼基亚里士多德大学。

• On the Times Higher Education Young University Rankings the university reached 94th, and on the Emerging Economies University Rankings it was placed 78th with a 36th place for research impact.在泰晤士高等教育年轻大学排名中，学校最高达到第 94 位；在新兴经济体大学排名中位列第 78 位，其中研究影响力列第 36 位。

• On the 2024 QS World University Rankings the university ranked 168th for citations per faculty and on the 2022-2023 US News ranking 145th for international research collaboration relative to country.学校在 2024 年 QS 世界大学排名中每名教师被引次数列第 168 位，在 2022-2023 年度 US News 排名中「按国家相对值的国际科研合作」列第 145 位。

• On the 2023 Times Higher Education Impact Rankings, measured against the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, the university was ranked 61st for SDG4 on quality education.在 2023 年泰晤士高等教育影响力排名（对照联合国可持续发展目标）中，学校在「优质教育」目标（SDG4）上列第 61 位。

• Greek peer institutions such as the Agricultural University of Athens and the Kapodistrian University of Athens are frequently listed alongside it in national comparisons of research performance.在希腊国内科研表现的比较中，雅典农业大学与雅典卡波季斯特里安大学等同类院校常与该校并列出现。

• OpenAlex records 39,790 works and 2,709,055 citations for the university, the machine-counted output behind its bibliometric profile.OpenAlex 记录该校成果数为 39,790 项、被引次数为 2,709,055 次，构成其文献计量画像的机器统计基础。

• No Nobel Prize, Turing Award or Fields Medal laureate is recorded among the university's alumni in the available material, so its reputation rests on its research influence in medicine, physics and computer science.在现有材料中，该校校友名录未记载诺贝尔奖、图灵奖或菲尔兹奖得主，其声誉因而建立在医学、物理与计算机科学等领域的研究影响力之上。

Student life

• The University of Crete has no formal Latin motto, and it presents the values of research and education on an island rich in Mediterranean history as its guiding identity instead.克里特大学没有正式的拉丁文校训，转而把在富有地中海历史底蕴的岛屿上从事研究与教育作为自身的身份标识。

• The university emblem is based on a Hellenistic coin found at Gortyn, dated between 430 and 300 BC, which depicts Europa seated in reflection on olive branches.学校校徽取材于在戈尔廷发现的一枚古希腊化时期钱币，年代约在公元前 430 年至 300 年之间，币面描绘欧罗巴坐在橄榄枝上沉思的形象。

• The emblem was designed as a medal by the sculptor Aspasia Papadoperaki, giving the institution a visual identity drawn from Cretan archaeology.校徽由雕塑家阿斯帕西娅·帕帕佐佩拉基设计成纪念章，使学校具备源自克里特考古的视觉标识。

• The student union operates its own radio station, one of the few university-run broadcasters in Greece, alongside cultural and athletic societies.学生会运营着自己的广播电台（希腊少数由大学运营的广播机构之一），此外还有文化与体育社团。

• The university encourages active participation in cultural and athletic activities, and the two-campus structure gives student life a distinct character in each town.学校鼓励学生积极参与文化与体育活动，双校区结构也使两座城镇的学生生活各具特色。

• The Erasmus exchange programme brings incoming and outgoing students, giving the university one of the more internationally mixed student bodies among Greek regional institutions.Erasmus 交换项目带来大量进出学生，使学校在希腊地方院校中拥有较为国际化的学生群体。

• The university marks its foundation in 1973 and its first intake in 1977-78, though it does not publish a single fixed anniversary day in the manner of many older institutions.学校以 1973 年创办、1977-78 年首次招生为纪念节点，不过并未像许多老校那样公布统一的校庆日。

• The Natural History Museum of Crete and the Skinakas Observatory give students public-engagement and fieldwork opportunities beyond the lecture rooms of Rethymno and Heraklion.克里特自然历史博物馆与斯基纳卡斯天文台让学生在雷西姆农与伊拉克利翁的课堂之外获得公众参与与野外实践机会。

• Because the university belongs to the European Research and Education Area, its doctoral students can take part in joint European training programmes.由于学校属于欧洲研究与教育区，其博士生可以参加欧洲的联合培养项目。

Notable people

• Fotis Kafatos, a biologist who joined the university in 1982, founded its Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology and became the founding president of the European Research Council in 2007.生物学家福蒂斯·卡法托斯于 1982 年加入该校，创立了分子生物学与生物技术研究所，并于 2007 年出任欧洲研究理事会首任主席。

• Vassiliki Kalogera, an astrophysicist who took her first degree at the University of Crete, became director of the Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics at Northwestern University and a member of the US National Academy of Sciences.天体物理学家瓦西利基·卡洛耶拉在克里特大学取得本科学位，其后出任西北大学跨学科天体物理探索研究中心主任，并当选美国国家科学院院士。

• Vasiliki Pavlidou, a professor of physics at the university, directs the Institute of Astrophysics at FORTH and researches high-energy astrophysics and cosmic rays.该校物理学教授瓦西利基·帕夫利杜兼任 FORTH 天体物理研究所所长，研究高能天体物理与宇宙射线。

• Aristides Tsatsakis, a professor of toxicology at the university, has been elected a foreign member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and a member of Academia Europaea.该校毒理学教授阿里斯蒂德斯·察察基斯当选俄罗斯科学院外籍院士与欧洲科学院院士。

• The School of Medicine runs an English-taught international programme that attracts medical students from outside Greece alongside its Greek-language degree.医学院开设全英文授课的国际项目，在希腊语学位之外吸引来自希腊境外的医学生。

• Dimitris Vlassopoulos, a professor in the department of materials science and technology, works on polymer and colloid science as affiliated faculty of the Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser at FORTH.该校材料科学与技术系教授迪米特里斯·弗拉索普洛斯从事高分子与胶体科学研究，同时是 FORTH 电子结构与激光研究所的关联教师。

• Christos Louis, a molecular biologist at the University of Crete and IMBB-FORTH, has written on the genetics of malaria-transmitting mosquitoes and on the legacy of Fotis Kafatos.克里特大学与 IMBB-FORTH 的分子生物学家赫里斯托斯·路易斯，就传播疟疾的蚊虫遗传学以及卡法托斯的学术遗产有过著述。

• Daphne Bazopoulou, an assistant professor of biology at the university, researches stress responses and biosensors in the biology department.该校生物学助理教授达夫妮·巴佐普卢在生物学系研究应激反应与生物传感器。

• Georgios M. Kontakis, a professor of the medical school, serves as rector and chair of the university senate.医学院教授乔治奥斯·孔塔基斯担任该校校长并主持大学评议会。

• Aspasia Papadoperaki, the sculptor who designed the university emblem as a medal, gave the young institution its enduring visual identity.把校徽设计成纪念章的雕塑家阿斯帕西娅·帕帕佐佩拉基，为这所年轻的大学确立了持久的视觉标识。