University of Chicago

The University of Chicago, in the Hyde Park neighbourhood of Chicago, Illinois, is a private research university founded in 1890 by American Baptists with major backing from John D. Rockefeller and a gift of land from Marshall Field芝加哥大学（University of Chicago），坐落于美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥市海德公园区，是一所私立研究型大学，由浸信会在 1890 年借助洛克菲勒与马歇尔·菲尔德的捐资创办。

The university is renowned for its traditions in social science and economics, the influence of the Chicago school of thought, and it pioneered the quarter system. According to OpenAlex, its scholars have published more than 300000 works drawing over 38 million citations芝大以社会科学与经济学的传统著称，芝加哥学派影响深远，并首创学季制；据 OpenAlex 统计，累计发表学术成果逾 30 万篇、总被引超 3800 万次。

History

• In 1857 Baptist educators founded an earlier college in Chicago with a land donation from Senator Stephen A. Douglas and fundraising led by its first president John C. Burroughs1857 年浸信会教育者在美国参议员斯蒂芬·道格拉斯捐地与首任校长约翰·伯勒罗斯募款支持下，创办了芝加哥的旧大学。

• The college closed in 1886 after financial trouble, the Great Chicago Fire and the Panic of 1873, and its board later renamed itself to free the way for a new institution该校于 1886 年因财务困境、大芝加哥火灾与 1873 年恐慌而停办，其董事会后来改名让出校名。

• In 1890 the American Baptist Education Society chartered a new University of Chicago, with 600000 dollars from John D. Rockefeller and land from Marshall Field1890 年美国浸信会教育协会特许设立新芝加哥大学，洛克菲勒捐资 60 万美元、马歇尔·菲尔德捐地。

• The principal campus benefactors left their names in the Hutchinson Commons, the Cobb Lecture Hall and the Ryerson Physical Laboratory芝加哥、辛克莱与惠勒等校址主要捐助人分别以哈钦斯广场、科布报告厅与赖尔森物理实验室留名于校园。

• William Rainey Harper became the first president on 1 July 1891, and that year the Baptist theological seminary merged to become the university's first graduate professional school1891 年 7 月 1 日威廉·雷尼·哈珀出任首任校长，同年浸信会神学院并入，成为芝大第一所研究生职业学院。

• Classes began on 1 October 1892 and the following year the university founded its extension division, now the Graham School1892 年 10 月 1 日学校正式开课，翌年创立推广部，成为今日 Graham 学院的前身。

• In 1894 the colours were changed from an initial golden yellow to maroon, and the Maroons have been the nickname ever since1894 年校色由最初的金菊色改为栗色，「栗色人」自此成为球队与学生的通称。

• The university pioneered the quarter system, dividing the academic year into four quarters, an arrangement later adopted across North America芝大首创学季制，把一学年分为四个学季，这一制度后来为北美高校普遍采用。

• Through the first half of the twentieth century the university gave rise to the Chicago school of economics, sociology and anthropology, an influence felt far beyond its disciplines20 世纪上半叶芝大在经济学、社会学与人类学领域形成影响深远的芝加哥学派。

• On 2 December 1942 Enrico Fermi led the construction of Chicago Pile-1, the first controlled nuclear chain reaction, inaugurating the atomic age1942 年 12 月 2 日恩里科·费米主持建成世界上首座可控核裂变链式反应堆芝加哥一号堆，开启原子能时代。

• The university is led by a president, the fourteenth being Paul Alivisatos芝加哥大学现由一名校长统领，芝加哥大学校长保罗·阿利维萨托斯为该校第十四任校长。

Academics

• The university comprises an undergraduate college and four graduate divisions covering arts and humanities, biological sciences, physical sciences and social sciences学校设本科学院与四个研究生学部，即艺术与人文、生物科学、物理科学、社会科学四大学科分部。

• Professional schools include the business school, the law school, the divinity school, the Harris school of public policy, the medical school and the school of molecular engineering专业学院包括布斯商学院、皇冠家族法学院、神学院、哈里斯公共政策学院、法学院、普利策医学院与普利策分子工程学院。

• In 2025 it enrolled 18732 students, of whom 7496 were undergraduates and 11195 graduate students, alongside 408 non-degree students2025 年在校学生 18732 人，其中本科生 7496 人、研究生 11195 人，另有非学位学生 408 人。

• The university employs some 3418 faculty members and more than 23000 administrative and technical staff学校共有教师约 3418 人，行政与技术人员合计逾 2.3 万人。

• Within its social sciences division the Committee on Social Thought is a major centre for intellectual history and political economy芝大社会科学学部下设社会思想委员会，是美国思想史与政治经济学的重镇。

• The medical and molecular engineering schools sit in the health sciences corridor on Chicago's south side, with clinical teaching delivered through affiliated hospitals医学院与普利策分子工程学院位于芝加哥南部的医学园区，临床教学依托合作医院网络。

• The university libraries are particularly noted for their collections in Oriental and medieval studies, holding substantial East Asian and Middle Eastern material芝大图书馆系统以东方学与中世纪研究藏书著称，藏有大量中东与东亚文献。

• With an endowment of roughly 10.9 billion dollars the fund is modest among research universities, yet private philanthropy has been central to the school's life捐赠基金约 109 亿美元，在研究型大学中规模不大，但尤克斯与麦克肖特基金等私人捐赠传统深厚。

• As of 2020 the university counted about 100 affiliated Nobel laureates, 11 Fields medallists and four Turing Award winners截至 2020 年，与芝大相关的获奖者包括约 100 位诺贝尔奖得主、11 位菲尔兹奖得主与 4 位图灵奖得主。

• The university press is among the largest academic publishers in the world and a long-standing part of the institution's scholarly output芝大拥有全球最大的学术出版机构之一芝加哥大学出版社，长期是该校学术生产的重要一环。

Campus

• The main Hyde Park campus fronts Lake Michigan, some 217 acres laid out in a quadrangle system主校区海德公园位于芝加哥湖畔，占地约 217 英亩，由亨利·伊萧设计的方格路网贯穿。

• Gothic Revival predominates, with the Rockefeller Memorial Chapel, Woodworth Hall and the Steven Klein Student Center as principal landmarks校园建筑以哥特复兴为主，洛克菲勒纪念馆、伍德沃思堂与斯蒂芬·克莱因学生活动中心是主要地标。

• Across the street Hyde Park meets the lakefront park and museum campus, with the downtown skyline forming the campus's backdrop海德公园对面为湖滨公园与艺术博物馆群，摩天大楼天际线构成校园的视觉背景。

• The university maintains teaching sites in London, Paris, Beijing, New Delhi, Hong Kong and Luxor, the last of them known as the Chicago House学校在伦敦、巴黎、北京、新德里、香港与卢克索设有教学点，芝加哥之家位于卢克索。

• Getting around campus relies on shuttles and walking, with bike paths linking the campus to the lakeside green space校内交通以校车与步行为主，校园与湖滨绿地之间有自行车道相连。

• The Maroons' fieldhouse stands at the centre of the main campus, beside the biology laboratories that form the core of the research infrastructure芝大羚羊与体育馆位于主校区中部，邻近的生物实验室群是学校科研设施的核心。

Reputation

• It ranks 24th in the 2027 QS World University Rankings, 16th in the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings and 9th in the 2026 ARWU ranking2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列全球第 24，2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名第 16，2026 年软科世界大学学术排名第 9。^[1]

• The university sits consistently in the ARWU top ten and is a leading centre for social science and economics in America芝大在软科世界大学学术排名中稳居全球前十之列，是美国社会科学与经济学研究的重镇。

• The Chicago school of economics and sociology and its tradition of architecture have long shaped scholarship and public debate well beyond the university芝加哥学派的经济学、社会学与建筑学长期影响全球学术与公共政策讨论。

• Several Nobel laureates are alumni, including Tsung-Dao Lee, Chen-Ning Yang and崔其钊, whose presence makes Chinese American scholars a visible part of the university's lineage校友中有多位诺贝尔奖得主，李政道、杨振宁与崔琦均出自芝大，华裔学者在其中占有显著位置。

• Barack Obama taught at the law school, a fact that has bound the university more closely to American public life巴拉克·奥巴马曾在芝大法学院任教，芝大与美国的公共生活关系因此更为紧密。

Student life

• The motto, let knowledge grow from more to more and so be human life enriched, is usually rendered in Chinese as 益智厚生校训为拉丁文「让知识不断增长，并使人的生活因此丰盈」，中文常译作「益智厚生」。

• The colour is maroon, the mascot a phoenix named Phil and the teams the Maroons, whose paper is The Chicago Maroon校色为栗色，吉祥物为凤凰非利，体育代表队称为栗色人，校报名为《芝加哥栗色人报》。

• Undergraduates belong to residential houses where study and daily life are closely integrated, the core of the university's living-on-campus tradition本科生隶属若干住宿学院，学习与生活高度整合，是芝大「生活型学院」传统的核心。

• The quarter system gives the academic year a rhythm distinct from other American universities, and course and extracurricular plans are built around it芝大的学季制使学期节奏不同于其他美国高校，学生的课程与社团安排据此展开。

Notable people

• William Rainey Harper, the founding president, was a linguist and educator and an early advocate of graduate education in America创校校长威廉·雷尼·哈珀是语言学家与教育家，也是美国研究生教育的早期推动者。

• Enrico Fermi completed the decisive experiment at Chicago Pile-1, making the university a centre of nuclear physics and a key site of the Manhattan Project恩里科·费米在芝加哥一号堆完成关键实验，使该校成为核物理与曼哈顿计划的重要据点。

• Sociologists and anthropologists associated with the university have shaped research paradigms in their fields, with outsized influence on public policy芝大社会学与人类学家长期引领相关学科的研究范式，对公共政策影响尤大。

• Prominent alumni and faculty include Nobel laureates Samuel C. C. Ting and Shiing-Shen Chern as well as the politicians Lee Teng-hui and Lien Chan知名校友与教职包括诺贝尔奖得主李远哲、陈省身，以及政治人物李登辉与连战。