University of Brasília

The University of Brasília, Portuguese Universidade de Brasília and commonly UnB, is a federal public university in Brasília, the capital of Brazil, founded in 1962 and consistently named among the top five Brazilian universities and the top fifteen in South America by Times Higher Education.巴西利亚大学（葡萄牙语：Universidade de Brasília，通称 UnB）是位于巴西首都巴西利亚的一所联邦公立大学，创设于 1962 年，长期被泰晤士高等教育评为巴西前五、南美前十五的高等学府。

Created under the utopian vision of educator Anísio Teixeira and anthropology professor Darcy Ribeiro, the university stands in the centre of Brazil's capital on the banks of Paranoá Lake, and its main building was designed by Oscar Niemeyer, one of Modernism's most celebrated architects and a key player in the founding.该校诞生于教育家阿尼西奥·特谢拉与人类学教授达尔西·里贝罗的乌托邦式构想，地处首都中心、帕拉诺阿湖畔，主楼出自现代主义建筑大师奥斯卡·尼迈耶之手，尼迈耶亦是学校创建过程中的关键人物。

Organised in 26 faculties and schools with 18 specialised research centres, UnB runs over 105 undergraduate programmes, 147 graduate degree programmes and 22 specialist programmes, and it is placed in the 851-900 band of the QS World University Rankings 2027.全校设 26 个学院与学系、18 个专业研究中心，开设逾 105 个本科专业、147 个研究生学位项目与 22 个专家项目，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中列第 851-900 位。

History

• The Foundation, legally the University of Brasília Foundation, was the predecessor body of today's university, founded on December 15, 1961, with professor Darcy Ribeiro as its first leader.该校的法定前身机构即巴西利亚大学基金会，成立于 1961 年 12 月 15 日，教授达尔西·里贝罗出任其首任负责人。

• The institution itself was created on April 21, 1962 by the educator Anísio Teixeira and the anthropologist Darcy Ribeiro, who are recorded jointly as its founders.学校本体由教育家阿尼西奥·特谢拉与人类学家达尔西·里贝罗于 1962 年 4 月 21 日创办，二人被并记为巴西利亚大学的创立者。

• The 1962 creation carried out the utopian university plan of educator Anísio Teixeira and the academic programme of anthropology professor Darcy Ribeiro, whose partnership defined the new institution.1962 年的建校落实了教育家阿尼西奥·特谢拉的乌托邦大学方案与人类学教授达尔西·里贝罗的学术规划，两人的合作定义了这所新机构。

• The Institute that forms the university's main building is the 700 metre long Central Institute of Sciences, in Portuguese Instituto Central de Ciências and nicknamed Minhocão, designed by the architect Oscar Niemeyer, a key player in the founding of 1962.校内 700 米长的主楼即中央科学研究所（Instituto Central de Ciências，绰号 Minhocão），由建筑师奥斯卡·尼迈耶设计，他也是 1962 年建校过程中的关键人物。

• Niemeyer received the Pritzker Prize in 1988, and the university's list of founders pairs the architect with Athos Bulcão, the visual artist also recorded as a founder, a pairing that ties the campus's architectural origin to its visual identity.尼迈耶于 1988 年获普利兹克建筑奖，校方创办人物名录把这位建筑师与同样列名创办者的视觉艺术家阿索斯·布尔康并列记载，使校园的建筑源头与视觉传统合为一处。

• From its foundation in 1962 the university has consistently been named among the top five Brazilian universities and the top fifteen universities in South America by Times Higher Education.自 1962 年创校以来，巴西利亚大学持续被泰晤士高等教育列为巴西前五、南美前十五的大学。

• As of 2010 the university employed 1,757 faculty members and 2,391 administrative servants, the staffing scale recorded in its institutional profile.截至 2010 年，全校有教师 1,757 人、行政人员 2,391 人，此人员编制数字见于院校档案记载。

• In 2010 it had over 30,000 graduate and undergraduate students, and each semester it accepted nearly 2,000 incoming students into 61 undergraduate programmes.2010 年在校生逾 30,000 人，涵盖研究生与本科生，每学期约录取 2,000 名新生进入 61 个本科专业。

• On the graduate level the 2010 record listed 49 master's degrees and 27 doctoral programmes, counts that later grew to 56 master's and 31 doctorate programmes.2010 年记录显示其研究生教育有 49 个硕士与 27 个博士项目，其后分别增至 56 个硕士与 31 个博士项目。

• In 2017 the Times Higher Education world ranking placed the University of Brasília within the 801-1000 band globally, its position in that edition of the table.2017 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名把巴西利亚大学列于全球第 801-1000 档，即该年版录的名次区间。

• The 1961 foundation and the 1962 act fixed the university's place in the centre of Brazil's capital city, on the banks of Paranoá Lake, where the nucleus campus stands.1961 年设立基金会与 1962 年创校法令把这所大学定于巴西首都中心、帕拉诺阿湖畔，其核心校区即坐落于此。

• Four campuses make up the university today: the Darcy Ribeiro campus regarded as the nucleus, plus Ceilândia, Gama and Planaltina, a spread built up since 1962.全校现由四个校区组成：被视为核心的达尔西·里贝罗校区，加上塞兰迪亚、加马与普拉纳蒂纳校区，这一布局自建校以来逐步铺开。

• The academic map of the university comprises 26 faculties and schools and 18 specialised research centres, a structure carried by 22 institutes and 50 departments.学校的教学版图由 26 个学院与学系及 18 个专业研究中心构成，其下设有 22 个研究所与 50 个学系。

• Over 105 undergraduate programmes run on the catalogue, some in the evening or as distance learning, while 147 graduate degree programmes and 22 specialist programmes sit above them.本科专业目录逾 105 个，部分为晚间或远程教学，其上有 147 个研究生学位项目与 22 个专家项目。

• UnB offers 114 courses recognized by the Ministry of Education, the count published for its accredited programme portfolio.全校有 114 门经教育部认可的专业，这一数字构成其认证专业目录的官方口径。

• Its acknowledged strengths are economics, international affairs and political science courses, while general teaching, research and outreach made it one of Brazil's most respected universities.该校公认优势在经济学、国际事务与政治学课程，而其一般教学、科研与推广又使它跻身巴西最受尊敬大学之列。

• The university admits undergraduate and postgraduate students through the yearly entrance exam known in Brazil as the vestibular and through the national ENEM examination, the university preferring continuous-evaluation admission to single entrance examinations.学校招生经由巴西一年一度的（vestibular）入学考与全国（ENEM）考试进行，而校方对持续评估录取的偏好胜过一次性入学考。

• It is most renowned for its courses in economics, international affairs, law, anthropology, mathematics and political science, the fields named twice in its institutional descriptions.经济学、国际事务、法学、人类学、数学与政治学是该校最负盛名的专业，这些学科在其机构介绍中被反复点列。

• UnB administration and its Advisory Committee for International Affairs relied on exchange programmes and links with international organisations to place the university among the best in Brazil.校方与国际事务咨询委员会依托交流项目与国际组织网络协作，使学校跻身巴西最佳大学之列。

• Facilities assembled on campus include a seismological observatory, an animal research laboratory, physical experiment halls and an ecological station for field research.校内陆续建成的设施包括地震观测台、动物研究实验室、物理实验场所与供野外研究的生态站。

• A university hospital and a veterinary hospital serve the campus, next to the rectory building, student residences and the farm used for ecological, agricultural and forestry research.大学医院与兽医医院服务全校，与校长楼、学生宿舍及承担生态、农业与林业研究的农场比邻。

Academics

• UnB was one of the first Brazilian universities to admit students through the Programa de Avaliação Seriada (PAS), an alternative evaluation that tests high-school candidates once a year and bypasses the vestibular.巴西利亚大学是巴西最早通过连续评估计划（PAS）录取新生的大学之一，该替代性评估每年对高中生测试一次，可取代（vestibular）入学考。

• The Continuing Evaluation Program assesses applicants during each of the three years of high school, and the university prefers this system to single entrance examinations.连续评估计划在高中三个学年逐年考核报考者，校方明确偏好这一制度而非一次性入学考试。

• Each semester the university accepts nearly 2,000 incoming students from a pool of approximately 25,000 candidates for its 61 daytime or evening undergraduate programmes, an intake ratio of roughly one place in twelve of the candidate pool.每学期约 25,000 名考生竞争 61 个日间或夜间本科专业，近 2,000 人入围，约每 12 名考生取 1 人。

• At the graduate level the university offers 56 master's programmes and 31 doctorate programmes, a clear expansion of the 2010 graduate structure of 49 and 27.研究生阶段全校开设 56 个硕士与 31 个博士项目，较 2010 年的 49 个硕士与 27 个博士建制明显扩容。

• Advanced non-degree programmes are conducted in other Brazilian states, including Bahia, Amazonas, Rondônia, Goiás and Rio Grande do Norte.高阶非学位课程延伸到他州办学，覆盖巴伊亚、亚马逊斯、朗多尼亚、戈亚斯与北里奥格兰德等州。

• The Technological and Scientific Development National Council (CNPq) and the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) support most graduate courses with scholarships and research grants.国家科技发展委员会（CNPq）与高等教育人员促进协调会（CAPES）以奖学金和科研资助支持其多数研究生课程。

• The School of Education and the Center for Open, Continuous and Long Distance Education (CEAD) jointly manage distance education, an expanding activity, and the two units carry the distance options found among the over 105 undergraduate programmes.教育学院与开放与远程教育中心（CEAD）共同管理规模持续扩大的远程教育，这两单位承接了逾 105 个本科专业中的远程教学选项。

• The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) sponsors a Long Distance Education chair at UnB.联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）在巴西利亚大学资助设立远程教育讲席。

• More than 260 research groups work in more than 400 laboratories across the university's institutes, schools and departments, a network that supports the 147 graduate degree programmes and 22 specialist programmes on the catalogue.全校逾 260 个研究组在 400 余个实验室工作，分布于各研究所、学院与学系，并支撑着目录中的 147 个研究生学位项目与 22 个专家项目。

• Research is supported by the Technological and Scientific Initiation Program (PIBIC) and the Special Training Program (PET), which also offer scholarships to gifted undergraduates.科研由科技启蒙计划（PIBIC）与特别培养计划（PET）支撑，两者也为优秀本科生提供奖学金。

• Besides the national councils, programmes are funded by the Research and Projects Funding Program (FINEP), the Technological and Scientific Development Support Program (PADCT) and the Federal District Research Support Foundation (FAPDF).除全国性的理事会外，科研经费还来自科研与项目资助计划（FINEP）、科技发展支持计划（PADCT）与联邦区科研支持基金会（FAPDF）。

• The International Center for Condensed Matter Physics (CIFMC) and the Brazilian Center for Protein Sequencing (CBSP) lead the university's specialised research institutes.国际凝聚态物理中心（CIFMC）与巴西蛋白质测序中心（CBSP）是校内专业性研究机构的代表。

• Other research bodies include the Center for Maintenance of Equipment (CME), the university Herbarium and the Technological Development Center (CDT).其他科研机构包括设备维护中心（CME）、大学植物标本馆与技术发展中心（CDT）。

• The Technological Development Center integrates the university with the business world, maintaining a small-business start-up programme and consulting assistance for companies.技术发展中心的职能是把学校与产业界对接，运营小型企业孵化计划并为企业提供咨询协助。

• Several graduate programmes earned grades of 6 and 7 on the one-to-seven scale in the annual CAPES assessment, including anthropology, mathematics, geology, economics and law.在 CAPES 年度评估中，人类学、数学、地质学、经济学与法学等研究生项目获评 6 级与 7 级（满分 7 级）。

• Its programmes in economics, international relations and political science are ranked first among public universities in the country.其经济学、国际关系学与政治学项目在巴西公立大学中排名第一。

• The university runs 115 community outreach projects offering a total of 438 courses and events.校外推广方面，学校运营 115 个社区服务项目，累计提供 438 场课程与活动。

• In that outreach portfolio the Rural Development Program and the Model Office for Legal Assistance run beside health work, since university members also consult and assist the Community Health Training Program (PACs).推广项目组合中，乡村发展计划与法律援助示范事务所同卫生工作并列展开，校内人员还为社区健康培训计划（PACs）提供咨询与协助。

Campus

• The university lies in the Brasília administrative region of the Federal District on the northwestern bank of Paranoá Lake, at latitude -15.77972 and longitude -47.92972.校园位于巴西联邦区巴西利亚行政区、帕拉诺阿湖西北岸，坐标为南纬 15.77972、西经 47.92972。

• Most of its buildings were designed in a modernist architecture style, following the drawings that Oscar Niemeyer produced for the university and its capital city.校内多数建筑采用现代主义风格，沿袭奥斯卡·尼迈耶为这所大学及其首都城市绘制的设计图样。

• The nucleus campus hosts 22 institutes, 50 departments and 16 scientific, technological, cultural, artistic and general service centers.核心校区设有 22 个研究所、50 个学系与 16 个集科研、技术、文化、艺术与一般服务职能于一体的中心。

• Physical experiment facilities cover plasma, liquid crystals, complex fluids and optical spectroscopy, next to an animal research laboratory.物理实验设施涵盖等离子体、液晶、复杂流体与光谱学研究，旁侧设有动物研究实验室。

• The Central Library holds the largest archive in Midwestern Brazil, a collection bigger than any other in the region, and it is used by research workers and federal employees from all over the country.中央图书馆藏有巴西中西部最大的文献档案，规模居全区之冠，全国的研究人员与联邦雇员均前来使用。

• A university restaurant, student and staff residences and a sports center complete the everyday infrastructure of the nucleus campus.大学餐厅、学生与教职工宿舍及体育中心构成核心校区的日常基础设施。

• Fazenda Água Limpa is a clean-water farm just outside Brasília where forestry, agricultural and ecological research is undertaken on the university's behalf.（Fazenda Água Limpa）是紧邻巴西利亚郊外的净水农场，受托为该校开展林业、农业与生态研究。

• An ecological station on the university's land supports field biology alongside the seismological observatory kept on campus.校属土地上的生态观测站支撑野外生物学研究，与校区内的地震观测台相辅相成。

• The rectory building, the hospital, the library and the farm together mark the administrative, medical, archival and field-research nodes of the estate.校长楼、医院、图书馆与农场共同标示出校园在行政、医疗、档案与野外科研四个层面的节点。

Reputation

• The QS World University Rankings 2027 place the University of Brasília in the 851-900 band, the position on which this entry is written.2027 年 QS 世界大学排名将巴西利亚大学列入第 851-900 位，本条目即据此档位收录。

• In the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 the university is placed in the 1401-1600 band, while the 2017 edition of the same table had carried it in the 801-1000 band.在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中该校列第 1401-1600 档，而 2017 年同榜曾将其列入第 801-1000 档。

• The 2026-27 US News Best Global Universities ranking lists UnB at number 875 in the world, the numerical position that this edition records for the university.2026-27 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名将巴西利亚大学列在第 875 位，即本届榜单为其记录的精确名次。

• In the 2026 Shanghai Ranking, the ARWU main list of world universities, the university appears in the 801-900 band, the range that edition assigns to it.在 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名（ARWU）主榜中，该校处于第 801-900 位区间，即本届榜单所赋予的名次范围。

• Across editions, Times Higher Education has repeatedly named UnB among the top five Brazilian universities and the top fifteen in South America.纵观各版榜单，泰晤士高等教育一直把该校列为巴西前五、南美前十五的高等学府。

• Subject-level standing is graded in the CAPES assessment, with anthropology, mathematics, geology, economics and law graduate programmes scored 6 and 7 out of 7.学科维度名次见 CAPES 评估：人类学、数学、地质学、经济学与法学研究生项目获评 6 级和 7 级（满分 7 级）。

• Editora Abril's Guia do Estudante ranked UnB one of the top five public universities in Brazil and eighth in the overall national list.艾布拉出版社的《学生指南》把该校列为巴西前五公立大学，并在全国总榜中列第八。

• Its quantifiable research base counts more than 260 groups in over 400 laboratories, 56 master's and 31 doctorate programmes, and a 2010 staffing line of 1,757 faculty.其可量化的科研基础包括逾 260 个研究组、400 余个实验室、56 个硕士与 31 个博士项目，以及 2010 年 1,757 名教师的编制记录。

• No Nobel Prize laureate is recorded on its faculty roll, and the highest honours attached to the institution are the 1988 Pritzker Prize of Oscar Niemeyer and the Nobel chemistry nomination of Otto Richard Gottlieb.校方教师名录中未见诺贝尔奖得主，与该校关联的最高荣誉为奥斯卡·尼迈耶的 1988 年普利兹克奖与奥托·里夏德·戈特利布的诺贝尔化学奖提名。

Student life

• International students arrive through exchange programmes tied to institutions holding agreements with the university, with stays lasting from six months to one year.国际学生经由与校方签有协议院校的交换项目来校，停留期自六个月至一年不等。

• The PEC-G undergraduate programme serves students from developing countries in Latin America, Africa and Asia that cooperate with the Brazilian government.本科生交流项目（PEC-G）面向与巴西政府有合作的发展中国家学生，主要来自拉丁美洲、非洲与亚洲。

• The PEC-PG post-graduate programme works through Brazilian embassies abroad and offers master's and doctorate degrees to qualify senior staff of developing countries.研究生交流项目（PEC-PG）经由巴西驻外使馆运行，以硕士与博士学位为发展中国家的资深人员提供进修。

• The International Affairs program of the Federal Constitution accepts diplomats working in Brasília and their legal dependents.联邦宪法下的国际事务专项计划接受在巴西利亚履职的外交官及其法定家属入学。

• Residence is organised around the nucleus campus, where the inventory of facilities lists student and staff residences alongside the sports center and the hospitals.住宿以核心校区为中心安排，设施清单在此将学生与教职工住宅同体育中心、医院一并列出。

• A sports center and everyday dining at the university restaurant anchor campus routines recorded in the institutional profile.体育中心与大学餐厅的日常供餐构成院校档案所记载的校园生活基线。

• Outreach gives student life a civic edge: 240 professors and 65,132 students take part in projects reaching nearly 185,000 people.推广项目让学生生活带有公民色彩：240 名教师与 65,132 名学生参与项目，辐射近 185,000 人。

• Named programmes in that civic circuit include Future with Art, Culture and Sport (FACE), the Community Initiatives Advisory Program (PRATICOM) and the Worker and Trade Union Leadership Training Program (PROSINT).这一公益链条中的具名项目有「未来因艺术、文化与体育」（FACE）、社区倡议咨询计划（PRATICOM）与劳工及工会领袖培训计划（PROSINT）。

• Entry remains a scheduled public cycle: the yearly vestibular, the national ENEM sitting and the three-year PAS evaluations together determine each incoming class.入学循固定周期进行：一年一度的（vestibular）入学考、全国（ENEM）考试与连续三年的（PAS）评估共同决定各届新生。

Notable people

• Anísio Teixeira, the educator recorded as a founder, shaped the utopian plan under which the university was created on April 21, 1962.列名创办者的教育家阿尼西奥·特谢拉塑造了这所大学 1962 年 4 月 21 日创立所依据的乌托邦式蓝图。

• Darcy Ribeiro, anthropologist and first leader of the 1961 foundation, is commemorated in the name of the Darcy Ribeiro nucleus campus.人类学家达尔西·里贝罗曾任 1961 年基金会首任负责人，核心校区即以他的名字命名。

• Oscar Niemeyer, architect and founder figure, designed the Instituto Central de Ciências and received the Pritzker Prize in 1988, while Athos Bulcão is listed as a founding visual artist.建筑师、创办人物之一奥斯卡·尼迈耶设计了中央科学研究所并于 1988 年获普利兹克奖，阿索斯·布尔康则列名创办的视觉艺术家。

• Cristovam Buarque, mechanical engineer, economics professor and former rector, served as former governor of the Federal District and as a former senator.机械工程师、经济学教授、前任校长克里斯托旺·布阿尔克曾任联邦区长官并出任联邦参议员。

• Antônio Augusto Cançado Trindade, full professor at UnB and teacher of International Relations, was elected judge of the International Court of Justice.在校正教授、国际关系学教师安托尼奥·奥古斯托·坎萨多·特林达德当选国际法院法官。

• Francisco Rezek, former Justice of the Brazilian Supreme Court, taught Law at UnB and sat as judge of the International Court of Justice from 1996 to 2006, and Gilmar Mendes, another Law professor, became a Supreme Court Justice and its former President.前联邦最高法院大法官弗朗西斯科·雷泽克在校执教法学并于 1996 至 2006 年任国际法院法官；同为法学教授的吉尔马尔·门德斯亦成为最高法院大法官并曾任院长。

• Otto Richard Gottlieb, chemist and Nobel Prize in Chemistry nominee, worked beside nuclear physicist Roberto Aureliano Salmeron and biochemist Cesar da Sá, lectured earlier at the Pasteur Institute in Paris and the University of California, San Diego.化学家奥托·里夏德·戈特利布曾获诺贝尔化学奖提名，与核物理学家罗伯托·奥雷利亚诺·萨莱龙、曾在巴黎巴斯德研究所与加州大学圣迭戈分校任教的生物化学家塞萨尔·达萨共事于该校。

• Letters and the arts are represented by writer Cyro dos Anjos, film director Nelson Pereira dos Santos, composers Cláudio Santoro and Jorge Antunes, and economist-columnist Claudio de Moura Castro.人文与艺术界有其代表：作家西罗·多斯安若斯、电影导演纳尔逊·佩雷拉·多斯桑托斯、作曲家克劳迪奥·桑托罗与若尔热·安图内斯，以及身为专栏作家的经济学家克劳迪奥·德莫拉·卡斯特罗。

• Among the alumni are the oceanographer and international civil servant Leticia Carvalho and the economist Ana Paula Vescovi.校友之列有海洋学家、国际公务员莱蒂西亚·卡瓦略与经济学家阿娜·保拉·韦斯科维。

• The record also lists economist and Alagoas governor Teotonio Vilela Filho, diplomat-journalist Affonso Arinos de Mello Franco, linguist-translator Marcos Bagno, political scientist Marisa von Bülow and federal judge Ítalo Fioravanti Sabo Mendes.名录另载经济学家、阿拉戈斯州州长特奥托尼奥·维莱拉·菲略，外交官、记者阿丰索·阿里诺斯·德梅洛·弗朗哥，语言学家、翻译家马科斯·巴尼奥，政治学家马里萨·冯比洛与联邦法官伊塔洛·菲奥拉万蒂·萨博·门德斯。