University of Bern

The University of Bern, in German Universität Bern and in Latin Universitas Bernensis, is a public research university in the Swiss capital of Bern, founded in 1834 and regulated and financed by the canton of Bern.伯尔尼大学（Universität Bern，拉丁语 Universitas Bernensis）是瑞士首都伯尔尼的公立研究型大学，1834 年创立，由伯尔尼州立法与资助。

It is a comprehensive university with eight faculties and some 150 institutes, the third largest in Switzerland by enrolment, and in the QS World University Rankings 2027 it stands at joint 191st.学校为综合性大学，设八个学院与约 150 个研究所，按在读规模计是瑞士第三大高校，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中并列第 191。

History

• The roots of the university reach back to the sixteenth century, when the city needed a collegiate school to train pastors after the Reformation reached Bern in 1528 and transformed religious life.学校源头可追溯至 16 世纪，1528 年宗教改革传入伯尔尼、改变宗教生活后，城市需要一所学院学校培养牧师。

• In 1805 the government of Bern reorganised higher education and raised the existing theological college to the status of an academy with four faculties, so that law and medicine could also be studied in the city.1805 年伯尔尼政府改组高等教育，将原有神学院升格为设四个学院的学院，此后在伯尔尼不仅可研习神学，还可学习法律与医学。

• In 1831 the liberals took control of the canton, and in 1834 they turned the academy into a full university with an academic staff of 45 teaching 167 students.1831 年自由派掌控州政，1834 年将该学院升格为正式大学，当时有 45 名教师、167 名学生。

• Only after the federal constitution of 1848 did the university enter a period of peaceful development, and between 1885 and 1900 its student numbers doubled from 500 to 1,000.直到 1848 年联邦宪法颁布，学校才进入平稳发展期，1885 至 1900 年间学生人数从 500 翻倍至 1,000。

• At the turn of the twentieth century Bern was the largest university in Switzerland, its growth driven by foreign students, above all Germans and Russians, who made up half of the enrolment.20 世纪之交，伯尔尼大学是瑞士规模最大的大学，其增长主要由外国学生推动，其中德国人与俄罗斯人居多，占注册总数的一半。

• It was Russian women students who in the 1870s won the right for women to study at the university, an early step in European women's higher education.1870 年代，正是俄罗斯女学生为女性争取到了在校学习的权利，这是欧洲女性高等教育史上的早期一步。

• With the growing prosperity of the city, the university expanded in the Länggasse quarter, and in 1903 a new Main Building was inaugurated on the Grosse Schanze above the old town.随着城市日益繁荣，学校在伦加塞街区扩张，1903 年新主楼在老城之上的大栅栏广场落成。

• In 1908 Albert Einstein taught the first of three semesters of theoretical physics at Bern, and in 1909 Anna Tumarkin, a philosopher born in Russia, was appointed to an extraordinary professorship.1908 年爱因斯坦在伯尔尼讲授三个学期理论物理的第一个学期，1909 年出生于俄罗斯的哲学家安娜·图马尔金获聘副教授。

• Tumarkin thereby became the first woman in Europe to hold a professorship with the right to examine doctoral and post-doctoral theses.图马尔金由此成为欧洲首位有权考核博士与博士后论文的女教授。

• Also in 1909 the Bernese surgeon Theodor Kocher was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, the first Nobel honour connected with the university.同样在 1909 年，伯尔尼外科医生特奥多尔·科赫尔获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，这是与该校相关的第一项诺贝尔荣誉。

• In the following decades the university consolidated its position as a small centre of higher learning with a stable enrolment of about 2,000 students.此后数十年，学校巩固了作为小型高等学府的地位，在校学生稳定在约 2,000 人。

• After the Second World War calls grew for the expansion of tertiary education, and enrolment had already reached 5,000 in 1968, generating pressure for further growth.第二次世界大战后，扩大高等教育的呼声渐高，1968 年在校学生已达 5,000 人，形成继续扩张的压力。

• Enrolment passed another milestone in 1992, when it reached 10,000 students.1992 年学校又跨过一个里程碑，在校学生达到 10,000 人。

• The completely revised University Act of 1996 turned the institution from an administrative division of the cantonal education department into an autonomous legal entity with clearly defined competences.1996 年全面修订的大学法使学校从州教育部门的一个行政单位转变为权责明确的自治法人。

• From 2000 the Bologna Declaration brought ECTS credits and the bachelor and master degree structure, alongside new strategic research priorities such as climate research.2000 年起，博洛尼亚宣言带来欧洲学分转换制与学士硕士学位体系，同时确立了气候研究等新的战略研究重点。

• The Faculty of Human Sciences was founded in 2005, offering programmes in education, sport and psychology.人类科学学院于 2005 年成立，开设教育、体育与心理学课程。

• In 2006 the Vetsuisse Faculty was created by merging the veterinary medicine faculties of the Universities of Bern and Zurich into a single cross-cantonal institution.2006 年，伯尔尼大学与苏黎世大学的兽医学院合并为跨州机构，组成 Vetsuisse 兽医学院。

• An amendment to the University Act in the summer of 2010 gave the University Board of Directors the right to appoint its own ordinary professors and to keep accounts separate from the canton.2010 年夏大学法修订，赋予校董会自行聘任正教授与独立于州财政记账的权利。

• The Board of Directors adopted a new institutional strategy in 2013, building on the strategy of 2006, the mission statement of 2012 and the performance mandate of the cantonal government.校董会于 2013 年通过新的机构战略，其基础是 2006 年战略、2012 年使命宣言与州政府下达的绩效任务。

Academics

• The university is organised into eight faculties, namely Theology, Law, Business, Economics and Social Sciences, Medicine, Veterinary Medicine, Humanities, Science, and Human Sciences.学校设八个学院，分别为神学、法学、经济与社会科学、医学、兽医、人文、理学与人类科学。

• In 2024 the university counted 19,608 students, of whom 41 per cent, or 8,071, were registered in bachelor programmes and 25 per cent, or 4,992, in master's programmes.2024 年学校共有 19,608 名学生，其中 41%（8,071 人）注册本科课程、25%（4,992 人）注册硕士课程。

• Doctoral students made up 18 per cent, or 3,518, of the total, and a further 15 per cent, or 3,027, were enrolled in continuing education programmes.博士生占 18%（3,518 人），另有 15%（3,027 人）就读继续教育课程。

• At the end of 2024 women accounted for 60 per cent of students, continuing a long-standing female majority at the university.截至 2024 年底，女性占学生总数的 60%，延续了学校长期以来的女性多数格局。

• The academic staff numbers 529 professors and 1,874 administrative employees, and the annual budget reaches 939 million Swiss francs, including 367 million in third-party funds.学校有 529 名教授与 1,874 名行政人员，年度预算达 9.39 亿瑞士法郎，其中第三方资金 3.67 亿。

• As a comprehensive university, Bern offers some 39 bachelor, 71 master and 69 advanced study programmes across the classical disciplines.作为综合性大学，伯尔尼在传统学科领域开设约 39 个本科、71 个硕士与 69 个高级研究项目。

• The Physics Institute contributed to the first flight to the Moon and continues to carry out experiments and supply apparatus for NASA and ESA space missions.物理研究所曾参与首次登月任务，并持续为美国国家航空航天局与欧洲空间局的太空任务提供实验与仪器。

• The medical faculties of Bern and Basel have formed a strategic alliance in cardiac surgery, neurosurgery, pathology and microbiology.伯尔尼与巴塞尔两校医学院在心脏外科、神经外科、病理学与微生物学领域结成战略联盟。

• The Bern University Hospital, known as the Inselspital and one of the largest medical centres in Switzerland, serves as the clinical teaching hospital of the university's medical faculty.伯尔尼大学医院（Inselspital）是瑞士规模最大的医学中心之一，作为大学医学院的临床教学医院。

• Research groups also work with the Paul Scherrer Institute, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and the European University Association on accelerator physics, materials science and doctoral mobility.多个研究团队还与保罗·谢勒研究所、瑞士联邦理工学院及欧洲大学协会在加速器物理、材料科学与博士生流动方面开展合作。

• The university takes part in Swiss National Centres of Competence in Research, leads work on RNA biology, and counts numerous fellows of the Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences among its clinical professors.学校参与瑞士国家研究重点中心计划，主导 RNA 生物学方向的研究，其临床教授中有多位瑞士医学科学院院士。

• Ten strategic interdisciplinary centres support research and teaching, among them the Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics and the ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research.十个战略跨学科中心支撑研究与教学，其中包括阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦基础物理中心与 ARTORG 生物医学工程研究中心。

• The Centre for Development and Environment manages research programmes on sustainable development and natural resource management, and the Multidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases coordinates cross-faculty work on epidemics.发展与环境中心负责可持续发展与自然资源管理的研究项目，多学科传染病中心则协调跨学院的流行病研究。

• The Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research stands at the forefront of international climate science, and its researchers have taken part as co-chairs, coordinating lead authors or lead authors in every assessment report so far published by the IPCC.奥施格气候变化研究中心处于国际气候科学前沿，其研究人员以联合主席、协调主笔或主笔身份参与了政府间气候变化专门委员会迄今发布的全部评估报告。

• The Center for Space and Habitability leads the European CHEOPS mission, a space telescope designed to study the formation of extrasolar planets.太空与宜居性中心主导欧洲 CHEOPS 任务，这是一台用于研究系外行星形成过程的太空望远镜。

• The World Trade Institute carries out research, teaching and outreach on global economic governance and global sustainability policy.世界贸易研究所围绕全球经济治理与全球可持续政策开展研究、教学与对外交流。

• Six general university institutions, including the Collegium generale, the Walter Benjamin Kolleg and the Microscopy Imaging Center, promote dialogue across disciplines.六个校级机构促进跨学科对话，其中包括通识学院、瓦尔特·本雅明学院与显微成像中心。

• The Centre for Continuing University Education offers scientific further education ranging from public administration and dentistry to spiritual guidance.大学继续教育中心提供从公共行政、牙科到灵性指导的科学继续教育。

• Bern is the only institution in Switzerland whose theatre studies course allows students to major in dance at master's level, and its Master in Applied Economic Analysis is likewise unique in the country.伯尔尼是瑞士唯一在戏剧研究课程中允许学生在硕士阶段主修舞蹈的高校，其应用经济分析硕士同样为全国独有。

• Bern Open Publishing, an open access publishing platform, was launched by the university library in 2013 and publishes journals such as the Swiss Journal of Educational Research and Tsantsa.开放获取出版平台伯尔尼开放出版由大学图书馆于 2013 年创办，出版《瑞士教育研究杂志》与《Tsantsa》等期刊。

Campus

• The University of Bern does not have one large campus on the edge of the city, but has consistently pursued the principle of a university within the city.伯尔尼大学没有位于市郊的单一大型校园，而是始终坚持「城市中的大学」原则。

• Most institutes and clinics remain in the Länggasse, the traditional university district adjoining the centre, within walking distance of one another.多数研究所与诊所仍设在邻接市中心的传统大学区伦加塞，彼此步行可达。

• The Faculty of Theology and several institutes of the Faculty of Humanities are housed in the Unitobler, a converted former chocolate factory.神学院与人文学院的部分研究所设于 Unitobler，这是一座由旧巧克力工厂改建的建筑。

• In 2005 the former women's hospital was refurbished as the UniS, a university centre for institutes of the Faculty of Law and the Department of Economics.2005 年，原女子医院被改建为 UniS，成为法学学院与经济学系研究所的大学中心。

• The vonRoll site, another former factory complex, is being refurbished to house the Faculty of Human Sciences and the Department of Social Sciences.另一处旧厂区 vonRoll 正在改造，将容纳人类科学学院与社会科学系。

• The Main Building inaugurated in 1903 stands on the Grosse Schanze, a terrace overlooking the old town of Bern and the Aare river.1903 年落成的主楼位于大栅栏广场，这处台地俯瞰伯尔尼老城与阿勒河。

• The university's postal address is Hochschulstrasse 6 in Bern, and its affiliated institutions include the Botanical Garden and the University Library.学校的通信地址是伯尔尼大学街 6 号，附属机构包括植物园与大学图书馆。

• The University Library of Bern, housed in the Münstergasse in the old town, is one of the largest academic libraries in Switzerland and runs the institutional repository BORIS.伯尔尼大学图书馆位于老城大教堂巷，是瑞士最大的学术图书馆之一，并运营机构知识库 BORIS。

• The International Space Science Institute sits in Bern and works closely with the university's space and climate research centres, while the Bern Academy of the Arts cooperates in joint cultural and design projects.国际空间科学研究所设于伯尔尼，与学校的空间与气候研究中心密切合作；伯尔尼艺术学院则在文化与设计项目上与之协同。

• The Botanical Garden, connected to the Institute of Plant Sciences, is a public institution on the edge of the city that supports teaching and research in plant biology.与植物科学研究所相连的植物园位于城市边缘，是支持植物生物学教学与研究的公共机构。

• The urban campus model keeps students and researchers close to the city's hospitals, archives, government offices and cultural institutions, many of which share buildings with the university.城市型校园模式使学生与研究者紧邻城市的医院、档案馆、政府机关与文化机构，其中许多与学校共用建筑。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 the University of Bern is placed at joint 191st, and in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 it stands at joint 121st.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，伯尔尼大学并列第 191；在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中并列第 121。

• The Academic Ranking of World Universities 2026 places Bern in the 201–300 band, and U.S. News ranked it 111th in its 2024–25 global listing.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名将伯尔尼列入 201–300 段，《美国新闻与世界报道》2024–25 全球榜单列其为第 111 位。

• According to OpenAlex the university has produced 294,071 works cited 15,787,240 times, reflecting its weight in climate science, physics and medicine.据 OpenAlex 统计，该校已发表 294,071 篇成果、合计被引 15,787,240 次，体现其在气候科学、物理学与医学领域的份量。

• Bern is a member of swissuniversities, the Swiss rectors' conference, and its degrees are recognised throughout the European Higher Education Area through the Bologna framework.伯尔尼是瑞士大学校长联席会议成员，其学位通过博洛尼亚框架在整个欧洲高等教育区获得承认。

• Five Nobel laureates are connected with Bern, among them Theodor Kocher, honoured in 1909 for work on the thyroid gland, and Georg von Békésy, an alumnus who won the 1961 prize in physiology or medicine.与伯尔尼相关的诺贝尔奖得主共五位，其中包括 1909 年因甲状腺研究获奖的特奥多尔·科赫尔，以及校友、1961 年生理学或医学奖得主格奥尔格·冯·贝凯西。

• The chemist Kurt Wüthrich, an alumnus, won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2002, and the alumni Charles Albert Gobat took the Peace Prize in 1902.校友、化学家库尔特·维特里希于 2002 年获诺贝尔化学奖，校友夏尔·阿尔贝·戈巴特则于 1902 年获诺贝尔和平奖。

• The researcher Sir Paul Nurse received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2001, and the university is a member of the Guild of European Research-Intensive Universities.该校研究者保罗·纳斯爵士于 2001 年获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，学校还是欧洲研究密集型大学协会成员。

• Bern's standing as one of the top 150 universities in the world has been supported by its strong citation impact in space science, climate research and medicine.伯尔尼稳居世界前 150 强高校之列，其地位得到空间科学、气候研究与医学领域较强引用影响力的支撑。

Student life

• The university has no formal motto, and its identity rests instead on its long tradition as a civic university in the Swiss capital.学校没有正式校训，其身份认同转而建立在其作为瑞士首都市民大学的长久传统之上。

• Women have formed the majority of the student body for decades and accounted for 60 per cent at the end of 2024.数十年来女性一直占学生多数，截至 2024 年底占比达 60%。

• Around 3,027 students, or 15 per cent of the total, are enrolled in continuing education programmes, a sector in which Bern has taken a pioneering role in the German-speaking world.约 3,027 名学生（占总数 15%）就读继续教育课程，伯尔尼在这一领域于德语区居于开创地位。

• The Collegium generale and the Walter Benjamin Kolleg organise interdisciplinary lectures and events that bring students from different faculties together.通识学院与瓦尔特·本雅明学院组织跨学科讲座与活动，把不同学院的学生汇聚到一起。

• The Centre for Continuing University Education focuses on scientific further education, with topics ranging from public administration and dentistry to spiritual guidance.大学继续教育中心专注科学继续教育，主题涵盖公共行政、牙科到灵性指导。

• Because institutes are scattered through the Länggasse, student daily life unfolds in the streets and cafés between the university buildings and the old town.由于研究所散布于伦加塞各处，学生的日常生活在校舍与老城之间的街道与咖啡馆中展开。

• The university library, which launched the Bern Open Publishing platform in 2013, serves students across the faculties and publishes open access journals and monographs.大学图书馆于 2013 年创办伯尔尼开放出版平台，为各学院学生服务，并出版开放获取期刊与专著。

• Graduate schools linked to the university's research priorities in climate science, health care and penal law offer structured doctoral training.与学校气候科学、医疗保健及刑法研究重点相连的研究生院提供结构化的博士培养。

Notable people

• Anna Tumarkin, a philosopher born in Russia, was appointed to a professorship in 1909 and became the first woman in Europe entitled to examine doctoral and post-doctoral theses.出生于俄罗斯的哲学家安娜·图马尔金 1909 年获聘教授，成为欧洲首位有权考核博士与博士后论文的女性。

• Gabriel Gustav Valentin was the first Jewish professor to hold a chair at a German-speaking university, and Theodor Oskar Rubeli helped found the world's first veterinary medicine faculty.加布里埃尔·古斯塔夫·瓦伦丁是首位在德语大学获教席的犹太教授，特奥多尔·奥斯卡·鲁贝利则参与创办了世界首个兽医学院。

• The physicist Hans Oeschger pioneered ice core analysis, work that laid the foundations of modern climate research and is commemorated in the Oeschger Centre.物理学家汉斯·奥施格开创冰芯分析，为现代气候研究奠定基础，奥施格中心即以其命名。

• Albert Einstein taught theoretical physics at Bern in 1908, during his years in the Swiss capital before he moved to Zurich and then Berlin.爱因斯坦 1908 年在伯尔尼讲授理论物理，那是他旅居瑞士首都、尚未迁往苏黎世与柏林之前的岁月。

• Theodor Kocher, professor of surgery, won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1909 for his research on the thyroid gland.外科教授特奥多尔·科赫尔因甲状腺研究于 1909 年获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

• Georg von Békésy, an alumnus, won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1961 for research on the mechanics of the inner ear.校友格奥尔格·冯·贝凯西因内耳力学研究于 1961 年获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

• Kurt Wüthrich, an alumnus, shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2002 for the development of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining the structure of biological macromolecules.校友库尔特·维特里希因开发用于测定生物大分子结构的核磁共振波谱法，于 2002 年分享诺贝尔化学奖。

• The theologian Karl Barth, one of the most influential Protestant thinkers of the twentieth century, studied at Bern, as did the writers Friedrich Dürrenmatt and John le Carré.20 世纪最具影响的新教思想家之一、神学家卡尔·巴特曾在伯尔尼求学，作家弗里德里希·迪伦马特与约翰·勒卡雷亦然。

• Thomas Zurbuchen, an alumnus, served as associate administrator for the Science Mission Directorate at NASA, and Thomas Jordan, also an alumnus, chairs the Swiss National Bank.校友托马斯·祖尔布兴曾任美国国家航空航天局科学任务理事会副局长，校友托马斯·乔丹现任瑞士国家银行行长。

• Daniel Vasella, an alumnus, was chairman and chief executive of the pharmaceutical company Novartis, one of the largest employers in the Basel region.校友丹尼尔·瓦塞拉曾任制药企业诺华的董事长兼首席执行官，诺华是巴塞尔地区最大的雇主之一。

• The physician Esther Fischer-Homberger and the legal scholar Eugen Huber, whose work shaped the Swiss Civil Code, numbered among the university's academic staff.医生埃斯特·菲舍尔-霍姆贝格与法学家欧根·胡贝尔曾为该校教师，后者的工作塑造了瑞士民法典。