University of Bayreuth

The University of Bayreuth is a public research university in Bayreuth, a city in Upper Franconia in the German state of Bavaria, and ranks among the youngest universities in Germany.拜罗伊特大学是位于德国巴伐利亚州上法兰肯地区拜罗伊特市的一所公立研究型大学，是德国最年轻的大学之一。

Founded by the Bavarian state parliament on 1 January 1972 as the seventh Bavarian state university, it began teaching in the winter semester 1975/76 with 637 students and is today organised into seven faculties.该校由巴伐利亚州议会于 1972 年 1 月 1 日创办，是巴伐利亚第七所州立大学，1975/76 年冬季学期开始教学，当时有 637 名学生，如今分为七个学院。

It has about 12,000 students, 1,639 academic staff including 281 professors and 1,013 non-academic employees, and is placed 472nd in the 2027 QS World University Rankings, in the 301-325 band of the 2027 Times Higher Education ranking, 762nd in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities and in the 401-500 band of the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities.该校约有 12000 名学生、1639 名学术人员（含 281 名教授）与 1013 名非学术雇员；在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列第 472，2027 年泰晤士高等教育排名处于 301 至 325 区间，在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中位列第 762，2026 年世界大学学术排名处于 401 至 500 区间。

History

• On 5 November 1969 the Bayreuth City Council, worried about economic stagnation and emigration in north-eastern Bavaria near the borders with East Germany and Czechoslovakia, unanimously asked the state to establish a university in the city.1969 年 11 月 5 日，拜罗伊特市议会因担忧邻近东德与捷克斯洛伐克边境的上法兰肯地区经济停滞与人口外流，一致请求州政府在本地创办一所大学。

• On 19 March 1970 a university association was founded whose membership quickly grew to 800, and further applications came from Bamberg, Coburg, Landshut, Passau and Ingolstadt.1970 年 3 月 19 日，一个大学促进协会成立，会员迅速增至 800 人；此外班贝格、科堡、兰茨胡特、帕绍与因戈尔施塔特也提出申请。

• On 16 July 1970 the Bavarian state parliament resolved that the next Bavarian state university would be located in Bayreuth, helped by the negotiating skill of the mayor Hans Walter Wild.1970 年 7 月 16 日，巴伐利亚州议会决定把下一所州立大学设在拜罗伊特，市长汉斯·瓦尔特·维尔德的谈判能力对此颇有助益。

• In 1971 the Science Council recommended the university for funding under the Higher Education Construction Promotion Act, and a structural advisory board under the physicist Wolfgang Wild planned for 8,500 student places and 3,200 employees by 1985.1971 年，科学评议会建议将该校纳入《高校建设促进法》的资助范围；由物理学家沃尔夫冈·维尔德主持的结构咨询委员会预计到 1985 年可容纳 8500 个学额与 3200 名雇员。

• On 14 December 1971 the decision of the state parliament was celebrated in the city with a torchlight procession in front of the town hall, attended by about 3,000 citizens.1971 年 12 月 14 日，州议会的这一决定在市内引发庆祝，约 3000 名市民聚集在市政厅前参加了火炬游行。

• On 1 January 1972 the university was established by the Bavarian parliament as the seventh state university in Bavaria.1972 年 1 月 1 日，该校由巴伐利亚州议会创办，成为巴伐利亚第七所州立大学。

• In 1972 the university office began its work in the House of German Shorthand on Luitpoldplatz, a building originally erected under National Socialism.1972 年，大学的办公机构在鲁伊特波尔德广场的德语速记之家开始运作，这栋建筑最初建于纳粹时期。

• In October 1973 the founding president Klaus Dieter Wolff took office, and on 23 March 1974 the foundation stone of the campus was laid on the former parade ground south of the Kreuzstein and Birken districts.1973 年 10 月，创校校长克劳斯·迪特·沃尔夫就任；1974 年 3 月 23 日，校园在克罗伊茨施泰因与比尔肯区以南的原阅兵场奠基。

• On 27 November 1975 the Minister of Culture Hans Maier opened the university at the Margravial Opera House with a state ceremony, with the natural sciences as its first focus.1975 年 11 月 27 日，文化部长汉斯·迈尔在边疆伯爵歌剧院主持国家典礼，正式为该校揭幕，首批重点学科为自然科学。

• Teaching began in the winter semester 1975/76 with 637 students, 24 professors and one female professor, initially offering diploma courses in biology and mathematics and teacher training in mathematics, physics and physical education.1975/76 年冬季学期开始教学，当时有 637 名学生、24 名教授与 1 名女教授，最初开设生物学与数学文凭课程，以及数学、物理与体育方向的师范教育。

• In 1975 the first campus building, Geosciences I, was completed west of the Birkengut farm and was used initially by the university until it was demolished after a fire in 1994.1975 年，第一栋校园建筑地球科学一号楼在比尔肯庄园以西落成，最初供大学使用，后在 1994 年一场火灾后被拆除。

• In 1977 the Geosciences II building was added and from 1980 to 1983 Natural Sciences II was built, while in 1978 the Ecological-Botanical Garden was founded as a research facility and a public resource.1977 年增建了地球科学二号楼，1980 至 1983 年建成自然科学二号楼；1978 年，生态植物园作为研究设施与公共资源创办。

• In 1988 the university library, until then housed in a temporary structure, was inaugurated, and on 5 January of that year the physicists Frank Pobell, Kurt Gloos and Peter Smeibidl set a new low-temperature record.1988 年，此前一直安置在临时建筑中的大学图书馆落成；同年 1 月 5 日，物理学家弗兰克·波贝尔、库尔特·格洛斯与彼得·施迈比德尔创下新的低温纪录。

• In October 1990 a cooperation agreement was signed with Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, and in November 1990 the university's combined heat and power plant, designed and built by Energieversorgung Oberfranken at a cost of 2.3 million DM, went into operation.1990 年 10 月，该校与斯洛伐克科希策的帕沃尔·约瑟夫·沙法里克大学签署合作协议；同年 11 月，由上法兰肯能源供应公司设计建造、造价 230 万德国马克的热电联产厂投入运行。

• In June 1991 the Czechoslovak human rights activist and president Václav Havel was awarded an honorary doctorate by the university.1991 年 6 月，捷克斯洛伐克人权活动家与总统瓦茨拉夫·哈维尔获授该校名誉博士学位。

• In 1994 the university administration moved from the city centre to the campus and the Auditorium Maximum with a capacity of 700 seats was completed, while the Iwalewahaus, a centre for modern African art, had opened in 1981.1994 年，大学行政机构从市中心迁至校园，可容纳 700 人的大礼堂建成；而作为现代非洲艺术中心的伊瓦莱瓦艺术馆则早在 1981 年开馆。

• In 1995 the university founded its sixth faculty, together with its first graduate college, and appointed its first women's representative.1995 年，该校成立第六个学院，同时设立首个研究生院，并任命了首位女性事务代表。

• In August 1996 Bayreuth became the first Bavarian university city to introduce the semester ticket, and in 1998 the University Council was established to provide strategic guidance and in 1999 the building for the Faculty of Applied Natural Sciences was completed.1996 年 8 月，拜罗伊特成为巴伐利亚第一个推行学期票的大学城；1998 年设立大学理事会以提供战略指导，1999 年应用自然科学学院的院馆落成。

• In 2013 the Faculty of Applied Natural Sciences, founded in 1998, was renamed the Faculty of Engineering, reflecting the growth of engineering subjects.2013 年，成立于 1998 年的应用自然科学学院更名为工学院，反映出工程学科的发展。

• In the winter semester 2014/15 the number of students passed 13,000 for the first time, and the proportion of international students rose from 9 per cent in 2018 to 11 per cent in 2019.在 2014/15 年冬季学期，学生人数首次超过 13000 人；国际学生比例从 2018 年的 9% 上升到 2019 年的 11%。

• In September 2018 the Bavarian Minister of Science Marion Kiechle opened the Bavarian Centre for Battery Technology at the university, and in 2019 the university was awarded the Cluster of Excellence named Africa Multiple.2018 年 9 月，巴伐利亚科学部长玛丽昂·基希勒为该校的巴伐利亚电池技术中心揭幕；2019 年，该校获得名为「多重非洲」的卓越集群。

• In 2021 the university adopted a comprehensive internationalisation strategy and launched a sustainability initiative, and in 2025 it marked its 50th anniversary with nearly 12,000 students, 190 degree programmes and 281 professors.2021 年，该校通过全面的国际化战略并发起可持续发展倡议；2025 年迎来建校 50 周年，此时已拥有近 12000 名学生、190 个学位项目与 281 名教授。

Academics

• The University of Bayreuth is divided into seven faculties, each defining its own admission standards and academic programmes in near autonomy.拜罗伊特大学分为七个学院，各学院在近乎自主的状态下自行确定录取标准与教学项目。

• The seven faculties are Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science, Biology, Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Law, Business and Economics, Languages and Literature, Cultural Studies, Engineering Science, and Life Sciences: Food, Nutrition and Health.这七个学院分别是数学、物理与计算机科学学院，生物、化学与地球科学学院，法律、商业与经济学院，语言与文学学院，文化研究学院，工程科学学院，以及生命科学：食品、营养与健康学院。

• The university offers more than 186 degree programmes across its faculties and is a member of the Elite Network of Bavaria, a Bavarian policy for promoting gifted students.该校各学院共开设 186 个以上学位项目，并且是巴伐利亚精英网络的成员，该网络是巴伐利亚培养优秀学生的教育政策。

• It has about 12,000 students, 1,639 academic staff including 281 professors, and 1,013 non-academic employees, making it one of the largest employers in the region.该校约有 12000 名学生、1639 名学术人员（含 281 名教授）与 1013 名非学术雇员，是该地区最大的雇主之一。

• Interdisciplinary research and teaching is the defining feature of the university, which deliberately organises its research into focus areas that bundle expertise across faculties.跨学科的研究与教学是该校的标志性特征，它有意把研究组织为若干重点领域，汇聚跨学院的专长。

• The Africa Multiple Cluster of Excellence, funded under the German Excellence Strategy, conducts internationally recognised research on Africa and its diasporas.受德国卓越战略资助的「多重非洲」卓越集群，就非洲及其流散群体开展具有国际影响的研究。

• The Bavarian Research Institute of Experimental Geochemistry and Geophysics, known as BGI, is recognised worldwide for its work on high-pressure and high-temperature earth materials.巴伐利亚实验地球化学与地球物理研究所（简称 BGI）因在高压高温地球材料方面的研究而享誉世界。

• The Bayreuth Centre for Colloids and Interfaces and the Bayreuth Institute of Macromolecular Research drive innovation in polymer, colloid and advanced materials science.拜罗伊特胶体与界面中心以及拜罗伊特高分子研究所推动着聚合物、胶体与先进材料科学的创新。

• The Bayreuth Centre of Ecology and Environmental Research, known as BayCEER, coordinates ecosystem and environmental research across the university.拜罗伊特生态与环境研究中心（简称 BayCEER）统筹全校的生态系统与环境研究。

• The Bavarian Centre for Battery Technology, opened in 2018, positions the university as a leader in battery research and sustainable energy solutions.2018 年揭幕的巴伐利亚电池技术中心，使该校在电池研究与可持续能源方案方面处于领先地位。

• The Iwalewahaus, opened in 1981, houses one of Europe's most important collections of modern and contemporary African art and functions as a museum and research centre.1981 年开馆的伊瓦莱瓦艺术馆收藏着欧洲最重要的现当代非洲艺术藏品之一，兼具博物馆与研究中心的功能。

• The Bayreuth International Graduate School of African Studies, founded in 2007, forms part of the Cluster of Excellence and supports doctoral researchers from Africa and beyond.成立于 2007 年的拜罗伊特国际非洲研究研究生院是卓越集群的一部分，资助来自非洲及其他地区的博士生。

• The university library is divided between a central library with an integrated social sciences departmental library and departmental libraries for law and economics, biology and chemistry, mathematics and physics, earth sciences and music theatre research.该校图书馆由中心图书馆与若干分馆组成，包括整合社会科学的分馆，以及法律与经济、生物与化学、数学与物理、地球科学和音乐戏剧研究分馆。

• The university raised more than 56 million euros in third-party funding in 2020, which amounted to about a quarter of its annual budget.2020 年，该校筹集的第三方经费超过 5600 万欧元，约占其年度预算的四分之一。

• Its research profile covers the natural sciences, food and nutrition sciences, engineering, law and economics, and language, literature and cultural studies, with earth sciences, ecology and materials science among its strongest fields.其研究涵盖自然科学、食品与营养科学、工程、法律与经济，以及语言、文学与文化研究，其中地球科学、生态学与材料科学是最强的领域。

• The Faculty of Life Sciences: Food, Nutrition and Health, the seventh faculty, is based at the university's campus in Kulmbach, about 25 kilometres from Bayreuth.作为第七个学院的生命科学：食品、营养与健康学院设在距拜罗伊特约 25 公里的库尔姆巴赫校区。

Campus

• The campus occupies the site of a former parade ground south of the Kreuzstein and Birken districts and was planned as a compact campus university that merges with the town.校园位于克罗伊茨施泰因与比尔肯区以南的原阅兵场，按紧凑的校园型大学规划，与城区融为一体。

• Among the campus buildings are Natural Sciences II, built from 1980 to 1983, the central library inaugurated in 1988, the Auditorium Maximum with 700 seats, the Law I and Natural Sciences III buildings and the TAO building of 2018.校园建筑包括 1980 至 1983 年建成的自然科学二号楼、1988 年落成的中心图书馆、可容纳 700 人的大礼堂、法律一号楼与自然科学三号楼，以及 2018 年的 TAO 大楼。

• The Sports Centre opened in 1988, and the Ecological-Botanical Garden founded in 1978 serves both as a research facility and as a resource for the wider public.体育中心于 1988 年启用；1978 年创办的生态植物园既是研究设施，也面向公众开放。

• The Kulmbach campus, home to the Faculty of Life Sciences: Food, Nutrition and Health, occupies the site of a former spinning mill and lies within walking distance of the old town and the railway station.库尔姆巴赫校区是生命科学：食品、营养与健康学院的所在地，占用一座原纺织厂的厂址，步行即可到达老城与火车站。

• Bayreuth itself is a town of about 75,000 people, famous for its annual opera festival, and lies between the Fichtelgebirge mountains and the Franconian Jura.拜罗伊特本身是一座约 75000 人的城镇，以一年一度的歌剧节闻名，坐落在菲希特尔山脉与法兰肯侏罗山之间。

• The Iwalewahaus on campus holds a major collection of African art and is open to students and the public as a museum and event venue.校园内的伊瓦莱瓦艺术馆藏有大量非洲艺术品，作为博物馆与活动场所向学生与公众开放。

• Student accommodation and canteen services are provided on and around the campus, and in 2014 the canteen was modernised with the addition of the Frischraum.学生住宿与餐饮服务在校园内外均有提供；2014 年，食堂经过改造，增设了 Frischraum 区域。

• Cycle paths connect the campus with the town centre and the Kulmbach campus, and cycling is a common way for students to travel between them.自行车道把校园与市中心及库尔姆巴赫校区连接起来，骑行是学生往返其间的常见方式。

Reputation

• In the 2027 QS World University Rankings the University of Bayreuth is placed 472nd, the 2027 Times Higher Education ranking places it in the 301-325 band, the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities ranks it 762nd and the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities puts it in the 401-500 band.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，拜罗伊特大学位列第 472；2027 年泰晤士高等教育排名把它列入 301 至 325 区间；2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名第 762；2026 年世界大学学术排名处于 401 至 500 区间，以各榜单官方发布为准。^[1]

• In the Times Higher Education World University Rankings it was placed in the 301-350 band worldwide and 30th in Germany, while the QS ranking placed it 448th worldwide and 26th in Germany.在泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中，该校处于全球 301 至 350 区间、居德国第 30；QS 排名则把它列为全球第 448、德国第 26。

• In the Academic Ranking of World Universities it stands in the 401-500 band worldwide and between 28th and 35th in Germany.在世界大学学术排名中，该校处于全球 401 至 500 区间，居德国第 28 至 35 名。

• In the Times Higher Education Young University Ranking 2024, which covers universities under 50 years old, it was placed 38th worldwide and second in Germany.在面向建校不足 50 年高校的 2024 年泰晤士高等教育年轻大学排名中，该校位列全球第 38、德国第二。

• In the Young Nature Index it ranked first in Germany and 19th worldwide, while in the Nature Index it stood 33rd in Germany and 454th worldwide.在年轻自然指数中，该校位列德国第一、全球第 19；在自然指数中则居德国第 33、全球第 454。

• According to OpenAlex the university has produced 49,790 research works attracting 3,187,164 citations.据 OpenAlex 统计，该校已产出 49,790 项研究成果，累计被引 3,187,164 次。

• By subject, Times Higher Education placed its business and economics in the 151-175 band, while the Shanghai ranking placed earth sciences in the 101-150 band and ecology in the 151-200 band.在学科排名上，泰晤士高等教育把其商业与经济列入 151 至 175 区间，而软科排名把其地球科学列入 101 至 150 区间、生态学列入 151 至 200 区间。

• In the CHE university ranking the university received top marks for study organisation, teaching and facilities in subjects including biology, chemistry, earth sciences, business administration and law.在 CHE 大学排名中，该校在生物学、化学、地球科学、工商管理与法律等学科的学程组织、教学与设施方面获得最高评价。

• In the QS World University Rankings: Sustainability it was placed 322nd worldwide, scoring 93.6 points for environmental research and 96.6 for health and wellbeing out of a maximum of 100.在 QS 世界大学可持续发展排名中，该校位列全球第 322，并在满分 100 分的评比中于环境研究项得 93.6 分、健康与福祉项得 96.6 分。

Student life

• The University of Bayreuth has no formal motto, and presents interdisciplinarity, internationalisation, digitalisation, equal opportunities and sustainability as its guiding themes.拜罗伊特大学没有正式校训，把跨学科、国际化、数字化、机会平等与可持续发展作为其引领主题。

• The semester ticket, introduced in August 1996, was the first of its kind in Bavaria and gives students access to regional public transport.1996 年 8 月推出的学期票是巴伐利亚首例，让学生可以使用区域公共交通。

• The compact campus merges with the town centre, and since Bayreuth has a population of only about 75,000, students shape much of the city's cultural and night life.紧凑的校园与市中心融为一体；由于拜罗伊特人口仅约 75000，学生塑造了这座城市相当一部分的文化与夜生活。

• The town is world-famous for the Bayreuth Festival at the Margravial Opera House, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, devoted to the operas of Richard Wagner.该城因边疆伯爵歌剧院举办的拜罗伊特音乐节而闻名世界，这座联合国教科文组织世界遗产以演出理查德·瓦格纳的歌剧著称。

• Students take part in outdoor sports in the surrounding Fichtelgebirge mountains and the Franconian Jura, where cycling, hiking, climbing and skiing are popular.学生在周边的菲希特尔山脉与法兰肯侏罗山参加户外运动，骑行、徒步、攀岩与滑雪都很受欢迎。

• UBTaktuell, the university's bilingual campus magazine, reports on people and stories from the campus in Bayreuth and Kulmbach.该校的双语校园刊物 UBTaktuell 报道拜罗伊特与库尔姆巴赫校区的师生与故事。

• The canteen was expanded in 2014 with the addition of the Frischraum, and initiatives such as the Children's University bring school pupils onto the campus.食堂在 2014 年增设 Frischraum 而得以扩建；儿童大学等项目则把中小学生带进校园。

• In 2025 the university celebrated its 50th anniversary with a programme of festive events, exhibitions and public lectures across the campus and the city.2025 年，该校以贯穿校园与城市的庆典、展览与公众讲座等系列活动庆祝建校 50 周年。

Notable people

• Klaus Dieter Wolff was the founding president of the university, taking office in October 1973 and leading its early expansion.克劳斯·迪特·沃尔夫是该校创校校长，1973 年 10 月就任，领导了学校的早期扩张。

• Wolf-Peter Hentschel served as the university's first chancellor from 1973 to 1999, having directed the executive office since January 1972.沃尔夫-彼得·亨切尔自 1973 至 1999 年担任该校首任校务长，此前自 1972 年 1 月起主持行政办公室。

• Hans Walter Wild, Mayor of Bayreuth, campaigned for the establishment of the university and is credited with the negotiating skill that brought it to the city.拜罗伊特市长汉斯·瓦尔特·维尔德为创办这所大学积极奔走，其谈判能力被认为使该校最终落户该市。

• Alice Weidel, a graduate of the university, is a leader of the Alternative für Deutschland party and a member of the German Bundestag.该校毕业生爱丽丝·魏德尔是德国选择党领袖，也是德国联邦议院议员。

• Andreas Voßkuhle, an alumnus, served as President of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany.该校校友安德烈亚斯·福斯库勒曾任德国联邦宪法法院院长。

• Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg, a former German Federal Minister of Defence, was awarded a doctorate by the university in 2007 that was revoked in 2011 after plagiarism was found.德国前国防部长卡尔-特奥多尔·楚·古滕贝格 2007 年获该校授予博士学位，2011 年因论文被查出抄袭而遭撤销。

• Auma Obama, an alumna and development worker, is the half-sister of the former United States president Barack Obama.该校校友、发展工作者奥玛·奥巴马是美国前总统巴拉克·奥巴马的同父异母妹妹。

• Damian Boeselager, a graduate who studied philosophy and economics, co-founded the Volt party and has been a member of the European Parliament since 2019.研习哲学与经济学毕业的达米安·伯泽拉格共同创办了 Volt 党，并自 2019 年起担任欧洲议会议员。

• Eberhard Bodenschatz, an alumnus, is a director at the Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization.该校校友埃伯哈德·博登沙茨是马克斯·普朗克动力学与自组织研究所所长。

• Mamadou Diawara, an ethnologist who studied at Bayreuth, is a professor at Goethe University Frankfurt and deputy director of the Frobenius Institute.曾在拜罗伊特求学的民族学家马马杜·迪亚瓦拉是法兰克福歌德大学教授、弗罗贝尼乌斯研究所副所长。

• Erdmute Alber and Gerd Spittler, professors of ethnology, are among the scholars who built the university's reputation in African studies.民族学教授埃尔德穆特·阿尔伯与格尔德·施皮特勒，是奠定该校非洲研究声誉的学者之一。