Universiti Teknologi MARA

Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), rendered in English as the MARA University of Technology, is a public comprehensive university based mainly in Shah Alam in the state of Selangor, Malaysia.玛拉工艺大学（Universiti Teknologi MARA，简称 UiTM）是马来西亚以雪兰莪州莎阿南为主要基地的一所公立综合性大学。

Founded in 1956 as a rural training centre for ethnic Malays and opened with around 50 students, it has grown into the largest institution of higher learning in the country as measured by physical infrastructure, faculty, staff and student enrolment, with campuses in every state.该校于 1956 年以面向马来乡村社群的培训中心起家，开办时仅有约 50 名学生，如今就实体设施、教职员与学生规模而言已发展为马来西亚规模最大的高等学府，并在每一个州属都设有校区。

It comprises 34 campuses, 24 faculties, seven academic centres and two institutes, offers more than 500 programmes, and was placed 549th in the world in the QS World University Rankings 2027.该校共计 34 个校区，下设 24 个学院、7 个学术中心与 2 个研究院，开设 500 多个课程项目，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列世界第 549 位。

History

• UiTM traces its origin to the idea of Onn Jaafar, founder and former president of the United Malays National Organisation, who during a visit to Ceylon, now Sri Lanka, in 1951 studied its rural development programme and argued for industrial training for rural Malays.玛拉工艺大学的源头出自马来民族统一机构创始人兼前主席翁惹化的构想——他在 1951 年访问锡兰（今斯里兰卡）时研究了当地的乡村发展计划，并主张为马来乡村社群提供工业培训。
• A bill, Paper No. 10/1951, was passed by the Federal Legislative Council in 1951, establishing the Rural and Industrial Development Authority that would run the training centre.1951 年，联邦立法议会通过第 10/1951 号法案，设立乡村与工业发展局（RIDA）来筹办这所培训中心。
• The RIDA Training Centre, known in Malay as Dewan Latihan RIDA, began operating in November 1956 on a five-acre site at Jalan Othman in Petaling Jaya, Selangor, under its first principal, Syed Alwi Syed Sheikh Alhadi.这所里达培训中心（马来文 Dewan Latihan RIDA）于 1956 年 11 月在雪兰莪州八打灵再也奥斯曼路一块五英亩的用地上开办，首任校长为赛阿威·赛谢赫阿哈迪。
• It was officially opened on 14 October 1957 by Ismail Abdul Rahman, the Minister for Trade and Industry, and initially conducted pre-university and business-skills courses.该培训中心由时任贸易与工业部长伊斯迈·阿都拉曼于 1957 年 10 月 14 日正式启用，起初开设大学先修课程与商务技能课程。
• In its early years the centre also ran external professional courses offered by bodies such as the London Chamber of Commerce, the Australian Society of Accountants and the British Institute of Management.早年它还承办由伦敦商会、澳大利亚会计师公会与英国管理学会等机构开设的外部专业课程。
• After the Federation of Malaysia was formed in 1963, the training centre began admitting students from Sabah and Sarawak and broadened its academic offerings.1963 年马来西亚联邦成立后，该培训中心开始招收沙巴与砂拉越的学生，并扩充了学术课程。
• In 1964 the RIDA Training Centre held its first convocation, at which 50 graduates received certificates from Tun Abdul Razak, then Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia.1964 年，里达培训中心举行首届毕业典礼，50 名毕业生由时任马来西亚副首相敦阿都拉萨颁发证书。
• In 1965 the centre was renamed MARA College, or Maktab MARA, passing from RIDA to the control of Majlis Amanah Rakyat, the Council of Trust for the Indigenous People.1965 年，该中心更名为玛拉学院（Maktab MARA），从里达转归人民信托局（Majlis Amanah Rakyat）管辖。
• When the British Institute of Management stopped holding external examinations in 1966, MARA College began running its own Diploma in Business Studies, whose international recognition came from Ealing Technical College in London.1966 年英国管理学会停止举办外部考试后，玛拉学院开始自办商务研究文凭课程，并获伦敦伊灵技术学院承认为其外部考务机构。
• In 1967 the college was upgraded to Institut Teknologi MARA, or ITM, in response to a national shortage of trained professionals identified in a 1965 manpower survey carried out with the United Nations.1967 年，学院升格为玛拉理工学院（ITM），以回应 1965 年政府与联合国合作开展的人力调查所显示的专才短缺问题。
• ITM's early mission was to widen access to semi-professional training in science and technology for Bumiputera Malays and the indigenous peoples of the Malay peninsula and East Malaysia.ITM 早期的使命是让马来半岛与东马的土著马来人及原住民更易获得科学与技术领域的半专业培训。
• By 1973 branch campuses had been set up in Perlis, Sabah and Sarawak, and the Shah Alam campus of about 300 acres was placed under the Ministry of Rural Development.到 1973 年，该校已在玻璃市、沙巴与砂拉越设立分校；占地约 300 英亩的莎阿南校区则由乡村发展部管辖。
• The second phase from 1976 to 1996 saw the ITM Act of 1976 place the institute directly under the Ministry of Education's jurisdiction.1976 至 1996 年的第二阶段中，《1976 年玛拉理工学院法令》把该校直接置于教育部管辖之下。
• In 1992 ITM applied to open a radio station for its communication students but was refused, and the students were instead allowed to do practical training at Radio Televisyen Malaysia.1992 年，该校为其传播学学生申请开设电台但未获批准，学生转而获准到马来西亚广播电视台实习。
• Between 1996 and 1999 an amendment to the ITM Act of 1976 granted the institute all the powers of a university, creating a board of directors and a Senate and letting it confer degrees up to the doctorate.1996 至 1999 年间，《1976 年法令》的修正案赋予该校完整的大学权力，设立董事会与评议会，并可授予直至博士学位的各类学位。
• In August 1999 Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad announced the change of name from ITM to Universiti Teknologi MARA, and the Universiti Teknologi MARA Act 173 was drafted to accompany the transition.1999 年 8 月，首相马哈迪·莫哈末宣布将 ITM 更名为玛拉工艺大学，并配套起草了《第 173 号玛拉工艺大学法令》。
• The Office of Alumni Relations was set up in 2000 to maintain an alumni database in collaboration with the faculties and campuses, and the UiTM Budiman Foundation later aided needy students.该校于 2000 年设立校友关系办公室，与各学院及校区协作维护校友数据库；其后成立的 UiTM Budiman 基金会则资助贫困学生。
• In 2009 the Ministry of Higher Education recognised UiTM's Accounting Research Institute as a Higher Institution Centre of Excellence for Islamic finance criminology.2009 年，高等教育部认定该校会计研究所为卓越研究中心，专攻伊斯兰金融犯罪学。
• In 2014 the university's Malaysian Institute of Transport, or MITRANS, was conferred the same status for its niche in the Halalan Toyyibban supply chain.2014 年，该校的马来西亚交通研究所（MITRANS）因其在清真供应链方面的专长而获同样的卓越研究中心地位。
• In 2015 UiTM was granted autonomy status, giving it greater control over its own finance, staffing and academic affairs.2015 年，该校获授自治地位，在财务、人事与学术事务上拥有更大的自主权。
• In 2019 UiTM proposed changing its corporate name to Universiti Tun Arshad Ayub, to honour its founding figure, a proposal still awaiting approval from the Ministry of Education.2019 年，该校提议把校名改为「敦阿斯哈阿尤布大学」以纪念其创办元勋，这一提议仍在等待教育部批准。
• In May 2024 protests broke out against the university's long-standing bumiputera-only admissions policy, which is publicly funded yet excludes citizens of other ethnic groups.2024 年 5 月，围绕该校长期只招收土著学生的招生政策爆发抗议；该校由公帑支持，却不录取其他族群的公民。

Academics

• UiTM is organised into three clusters — business and management, social sciences and humanities, and science and technology — spread across 24 faculties, seven academic centres and two institutes of leadership and development, with an Academic Affairs Division coordinating the delivery of programmes across the whole system.玛拉工艺大学按三大领域组织——商科与管理、社会科学与人文学科、科学与技术——分布于 24 个学院、7 个学术中心与 2 个领导与发展研究院，并由学术事务处统一协调全系统的教学实施。
• The Senate, chaired by the Vice-Chancellor and including all deans, is the highest authority for curriculum, teaching standards, admissions and the award of degrees.由校长主持、全体院长参与的校务评议会是该校在课程、教学标准、招生及学位授予方面的最高权力机构。
• The university offers over 500 academic programmes at foundation, pre-diploma, diploma, bachelor's, master's and doctoral levels, together with professional programmes.该校在基础班、预文凭、文凭、学士、硕士与博士各层次开设 500 多个学术项目，并提供专业资格课程。
• As of May 2015, 470 programmes were on offer, of which 286 were in science and technology and 184 in other fields, including 94 professional programmes.截至 2015 年 5 月，该校开设 470 个课程项目，其中科学与技术类 286 个、其他领域 184 个，并含 94 个专业课程。
• Professional programmes are certified by bodies such as the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants, the Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.其专业课程由特许公认会计师公会、特许秘书及行政人员公会、电气与电子工程师协会等机构认证。
• In 2026-27 the university recorded about 176,843 students, including 10,627 postgraduates, supported by 19,284 staff and 233 professors.2026 至 2027 学年，该校约有学生 176,843 人，其中研究生 10,627 人，另有教职员 19,284 人与教授 233 人。
• Postgraduate study is offered through 162 master's programmes and 55 doctoral programmes, administered by the Institute of Postgraduate Studies.其研究生教育由研究生院管理，开设 162 个硕士项目与 55 个博士项目。
• The faculties include Accountancy, Business and Management, Administrative Science and Policy Studies, Applied Sciences, Architecture, Planning and Surveying, and Art and Design.其学院包括会计学院、商业与管理学院、行政科学与政策研究学院、应用科学学院、建筑规划与测量学院，以及艺术与设计学院。
• Other faculties span Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Education, Engineering, Health Sciences, Information Management, Law, Medicine, Pharmacy and Communication and Media Studies.其他学院涵盖计算机与数学科学、教育、工程、健康科学、信息管理、法律、医学、药学，以及传播与媒体研究等领域。
• Research is coordinated by the Institute of Research Management and Innovation, or IRMI, which also handles intellectual property, commercialisation and research ethics.科研由研究管理与创新研究所（IRMI）统筹，该所还负责知识产权、成果转化与科研伦理事务。
• Six of the university's research bodies hold Centre of Excellence status, among them the Institute of Science and the Institute of Business Excellence.该校有 6 个研究机构拥有卓越中心地位，其中包括科学研究所与商业卓越研究所。
• Other centres of excellence are the Institute of Infrastructure and Environmental Services and Management, the Atta-Ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery and the Integrative Pharmacogenomic Centre.其余的卓越中心包括基础设施与环境服务管理研究所、阿塔乌尔拉赫曼天然产物发现研究所与整合药物基因组学中心。
• Research funding rose from just over 14 million ringgit in 2006 to 50.4 million ringgit in 2011, with social sciences and humanities taking about 20 per cent of the secured funding.该校科研经费从 2006 年的略逾 1,400 万令吉增至 2011 年的 5,040 万令吉，其中社会科学与人文学科约占已获资助的两成。
• ITM-Off Campus was created in 1973 to let working adults study part-time, and the distance-learning Institute of Neo Education was renamed the Institute of Continuing Education and Professional Studies in 2019.该校于 1973 年创办校外进修部，方便在职人士业余就读；其远程教育的「新教育研究所」于 2019 年更名为继续教育与专业进修研究所。
• As of June 2019 the university counted 25 partner universities, nine embassies and two other bodies among its global partners for teaching, research and exchange.截至 2019 年 6 月，该校在教学、科研与交流方面已认定 25 所伙伴大学、9 个大使馆及 2 个其他机构为全球合作伙伴。
• UiTM is one of only two public universities in Malaysia that use English as the official language of instruction and administration, the other being the International Islamic University Malaysia.该校是马来西亚仅有的两所以英语为官方教学与行政语言的公立大学之一，另一所是马来西亚国际伊斯兰大学。

Campus

• The flagship campus lies in a designated area formerly known as Section 1 in Shah Alam, Selangor, and houses the Chancellery and the Registrar's Office as the system's administrative centre, offering programmes only at foundation, degree and postgraduate levels.其旗舰校区位于雪兰莪州莎阿南昔称「第一区」的指定地段，设有校长办公处与注册处，是整个大学系统的行政中枢，且只提供基础班、学位与研究生层次的课程。
• Beyond the main campus the university operates 34 campuses nationwide under a framework known as the 1 University Multi System, or 1UiTM, which designates an anchor university and 13 branch campuses, giving UiTM a presence in every Malaysian state except the Federal Territories.除主校区外，该校以「一所大学多校区系统」（1UiTM）在全国运营 34 个校区，指定一个核心校区与 13 个分校区，使其除联邦直辖区外覆盖马来西亚每一个州属。
• The anchor university comprises the Shah Alam main campus and the Selangor branch campuses at Puncak Alam, Selayang, Sungai Buloh, Puncak Perdana, Jalan Othman and Dengkil.其核心校区由莎阿南主校区与雪兰莪分校组成，后者包括本查阿南、士拉央、双溪毛糯、本查柏兰纳、奥斯曼路与龙溪等校区。
• State campuses are headed by rectors who report to the Vice-Chancellor, and by June 2014 seven of them — Perlis, Perak, Terengganu, Sarawak, Malacca, Penang and Pahang — had been granted autonomous status.各州校区由向校长负责的校长长带领；截至 2014 年 6 月，玻璃市、霹雳、登嘉楼、砂拉越、马六甲、槟城与彭亨 7 个校区已获自治地位。
• Autonomous campuses may hold their own convocation ceremonies and take most executive decisions independently of the flagship campus administration.自治校区可自行举办毕业典礼，并在多数行政决策上不依赖旗舰校区的管理层。
• The Tun Abdul Razak Library, known as PTAR, began as the RIDA Library in 1956 and was named in honour of the second Prime Minister, Abdul Razak Hussein, when it was officiated on 29 July 1972, and it serves as the main library of the university system.以第二任首相敦阿都拉萨命名的敦阿都拉萨图书馆（PTAR）肇始于 1956 年的里达图书馆，1972 年 7 月 29 日由其主持启用并定名，是该校大学系统的主图书馆。
• Thirteen residential colleges provide accommodation on the main campus, varying in capacity from two students per room to as many as eight, and they are segregated by gender except for Kolej Teratai.主校区设有 13 栋住宿学院，房间容量从每室两人至多达八人不等；除莲花宿舍外，各住宿学院按性别分开。
• Rental in the Shah Alam residential colleges is free for first-year students, with a minimum fee charged from the second year onward, and a Non-Resident Management Unit helps students who live off campus.莎阿南校区的住宿对一年级学生免费，二年级起收取最低费用；校方另设非住宿生管理单位，协助在校外租房的学生。

Reputation

• UiTM is placed 549th in the world in the QS World University Rankings 2027, continuing its run inside the global top 600 in successive editions.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，玛拉工艺大学位列世界第 549 位，连续多个版本稳居全球前 600 名之内。
• In the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 the university is placed in the 1401-1600 band.在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中，该校位列第 1401 至 1600 区间。
• In the U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities ranking for 2026-2027 the university is placed 1203rd in the world.在 2026 至 2027 年《美国新闻与世界报道》最佳全球大学排名中，该校位列世界第 1203 位。
• UiTM does not appear in the Academic Ranking of World Universities 2026, so the university is absent from that edition of the Shanghai ranking.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名未收录玛拉工艺大学，该校不在这份榜单之中。
• Earlier the university was ranked 542nd in the QS World University Rankings 2026 and 116th in Asia in the QS Asia University Rankings 2026.此前该校在 2026 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列第 542 位，并在 2026 年 QS 亚洲大学排名中位列亚洲第 116 位。
• In the Malaysian Qualifications Agency's SETARA rating the university was rated Tier 5, Excellent, in both 2009 and 2011, and it earned two stars in the 2011 MyRA research assessment.在马来西亚学术资格机构的 SETARA 评级中，该校于 2009 与 2011 年两度获评最高级的「五级：卓越」，并在 2011 年的 MyRA 科研评估中获得两星。
• In 2013 the Ministry of Higher Education named UiTM Entrepreneurial University of the Year, and in 2014 it reached 168th place in Asia in the region's ranking.2013 年，高等教育部将「年度创业型大学」授予该校；2014 年，该校在亚洲区排名中升至亚洲第 168 位。
• By 2011 UiTM's research output was ranked fifth nationwide by Web of Science, and its faculties published 6,863 papers in academic journals between 2009 and 2013.到 2011 年，该校的科研产出在 Web of Science 口径下位列全国第五；2009 至 2013 年间，其各学院在学术期刊上共发表 6,863 篇论文。
• Those papers had been cited in 7,479 publications, about 32.7 per cent of them self-citations by UiTM researchers, according to Scopus data.据 Scopus 数据，这些论文被 7,479 篇文献引用，其中约 32.7% 为该校研究人员的自引。
• OpenAlex records roughly 90,894 scholarly works and more than 1.5 million citations associated with the university, a research footprint driven largely by its medical, engineering, science, and social-science faculties, and by its large postgraduate cohort.OpenAlex 记录到与该校相关的学术成果约 90,894 项、引用逾 150 万次；这一科研体量主要来自其医学、工程、理学与社会科学各学院，以及规模庞大的研究生群体。
• The university has been honoured as an Employers' Choice of University by Talentbank and has maintained strong results in the SETARA rating and MyRA score recognised by the Ministry of Higher Education.该校获 Talentbank 授予「雇主首选大学」称号，并在高等教育部认可的 SETARA 评级与 MyRA 评分中保持优异表现。

Student life

• The university's motto is Usaha, Takwa, Mulia, meaning Endeavour, Spirituality and Nobleness, and it is inscribed in Khat Tuluth calligraphy on the sheath of the keris, the wavy Malay dagger depicted in the university's logo.该校校训为「Usaha、Takwa、Mulia」，意为努力、虔诚与高尚，以塔鲁斯体书法镌刻在校徽所绘马来短剑的剑鞘之上。
• By law, under Act 173, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is the only person who may be appointed Chancellor of UiTM, and the convocation ceremony follows royal protocol approved by the national palace.依据第 173 号法令，最高元首是唯一可出任玛拉工艺大学校监的人；其毕业典礼采用获国家皇宫批准的皇家礼仪。
• The university song UiTM Dihatiku carries the refrain Usaha, Takwa, Mulia, echoing the motto in the institution's official anthem.该校校歌《UiTM Dihatiku》以「努力、虔诚、高尚」为叠句，与校训相呼应。
• Thirteen residential colleges give students a structured living environment, with dedicated facilities and their own directors who enjoy some autonomy in governing each college.13 栋住宿学院为学生提供有组织的生活环境，各设专职院长，并在管理上享有一定自主权。
• Because demand for on-campus rooms exceeds supply, many students at Shah Alam rent private accommodation, and the Non-Resident Management Unit helps them find housing within the city.由于校内宿位供不应求，莎阿南许多学生自行租住校外住房，非住宿生管理单位则协助他们在市内寻找住处。
• The university's official convocation is held on a grand scale and follows a ceremonial parade of the Chancellor, Pro-Chancellor and Vice-Chancellor accompanied by a nobat-like ensemble.该校毕业典礼规模盛大，校监、副校监与校长在类似「诺巴特」宫廷乐队的伴奏下依次列队入场。
• Studying at UiTM is conducted in English across its programmes, and campus life supports extracurricular activity and leadership development alongside academic work.该校课程以英语授课，校园生活也配合学业，提供课外活动与领导力发展的机会。
• With more than 800,000 alumni in science, technology, humanities and entrepreneurship, UiTM's student body is closely tied to the task of building a professional Bumiputera middle class, a goal the university traces back to the rural mission set out for RIDA in 1951.该校校友逾 80 万人，遍布科学、技术、人文学科与创业领域，其学生群体与培育专业土著中产阶层这一使命紧密相连；校方把这一目标追溯至 1951 年为里达所定的乡村使命。

Notable people

• Onn Jaafar, the founder and former president of the United Malays National Organisation, inspired the creation of the RIDA Training Centre that became UiTM.马来民族统一机构创始人兼前主席翁惹化，启迪了后来演变为玛拉工艺大学的里达培训中心的创立。
• Syed Alwi Syed Sheikh Alhadi served as the first principal of the RIDA Training Centre from November 1956, shaping the institution's earliest curriculum.赛阿威·赛谢赫阿哈迪自 1956 年 11 月起出任里达培训中心首任校长，奠定了该校最早的课程体系。
• Tan Sri Arshad Ayub, after whom a proposed future name of the university honours, led Majlis Amanah Rakyat and is regarded as a founding figure of the institution.敦阿斯哈阿尤布曾领导人民信托局，被视为该校的创办元勋，校方拟定的新校名即以其命名。
• Siti Aishah, the eleventh Raja Permaisuri Agong of Malaysia, is a graduate of UiTM.马来西亚第十一任元首后西蒂阿伊莎是该校校友。
• Musa Aman, the fourteenth Chief Minister of Sabah, studied at UiTM, as did the federal ministers Nancy Shukri and Azalina Othman Said.沙巴第十四任首席部长慕沙阿曼曾在玛拉工艺大学就读，联邦部长南希苏克里与阿莎丽娜·奥斯曼赛益亦然。
• Richard Malanjum, a former Chief Judge of Sabah and Sarawak and a former Federal Court judge, is an alumnus of the university.曾任沙巴与砂拉越首席法官及联邦法院法官的理查·马兰俊是该校校友。
• Kamarudin Meranun, co-founder and executive chairman of AirAsia, graduated from UiTM, as did the singer-songwriter Yuna.亚洲航空联合创始人兼执行主席卡马鲁丁·美拉农毕业于该校；创作歌手尤娜也是其校友。
• Aminuddin Harun, the eleventh Menteri Besar of Negeri Sembilan, and Mohd Zin Mohamed, a former Minister of Works, are both UiTM alumni.森美兰第十一任州务大臣阿敏努丁·哈伦与前工程部长莫哈末晋·莫哈末都是该校校友。
• Ahmad Badri Mohd Zahir, Secretary-General of the Treasury of Malaysia and chairman of the Inland Revenue Board, studied at the university.马来西亚财政部秘书长、内陆税收局主席阿末峇德里·莫哈末查希尔曾就读于该校。
• Rahmat Mohamad, the fifth Secretary-General of the Asian-African Legal Consultative Organization, is among the university's graduates.亚非法律协商组织第五任秘书长拉赫马·莫哈末是该校毕业生之一。
• Yuliandre Darwis, an Indonesian communication scholar who chaired the Indonesian Broadcasting Commission from 2016 to 2019, is a UiTM alumnus.2016 至 2019 年担任印度尼西亚广播委员会主席的印尼传播学者尤利安德烈·达尔维斯是该校校友。
• Within the arts, the actress Mira Filzah and the actor and singer Fattah Amin, a well-known Malaysian celebrity couple, both attended UiTM.在演艺界，演员米拉菲尔扎与演员兼歌手法塔阿敏这对马来西亚知名艺人夫妇都曾就读该校。