Universitas Negeri Padang

Universitas Negeri Padang (UNP), or Padang State University, is a state university in Air Tawar, Padang, West Sumatra, which grew out of a teacher-training college founded on 23 October 1954 in a city that is the capital of West Sumatra and the historic centre of Minangkabau culture.巴东国立大学（Universitas Negeri Padang，简称 UNP）位于西苏门答腊巴东市艾尔塔瓦尔，其前身是 1954 年 10 月 23 日创办的师范学院；巴东是西苏门答腊省会，也是米南加保文化的中心。

It became an independent teacher-training institute in 1965 and was converted into a full university in 1999, adding non-educational faculties while keeping teacher education at its core, following a national policy that turned teacher-training institutes into universities.该校于 1965 年成为独立的教育学院，1999 年转为综合性大学，在保留师范教育核心的同时增设非师范类学院，此举遵循了把师范学院升格为大学的全国政策。

The university now has ten faculties and two schools, holds the "Unggul" accreditation awarded by BAN-PT in 2022, and appears in the 1401+ band of the 2027 QS World University Rankings, while remaining the province's main provider of schoolteachers.该校现有十个学院与两个学校，2022 年获国家高等教育认证委员会 BAN-PT 授予的最高等级「Unggul」认证，并在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位于 1401+ 区间，至今仍是全省中小学教师的主要来源。

History

• On 23 October 1954 the Ministry of Education opened the Teacher Training College of Batusangkar, the PTPG, with six departments: Indonesian language, history, English, economics, mathematics and biology.1954 年 10 月 23 日，教育部在巴图桑卡尔创办师范学院 PTPG，设印尼语、历史、英语、经济、数学与生物六个系。
• That date was confirmed only in 2018, when a team led by the historian Mestika Zed re-examined the records, replacing 1 September 1954, the date fixed in the 2016 statute.这一日期直到 2018 年才由历史学家梅斯蒂卡·泽德（Mestika Zed）领导的团队重新考证确认，取代了 2016 年章程所定的 1954 年 9 月 1 日。
• Many students of the first cohort transferred to the teacher colleges in Bandung and Malang, leaving four departments, and a law department added in 1955 produced the college's first education graduates in 1964.首届学生中有不少人转往万隆与玛琅的师范学院，仅余四个系；1955 年增设的法律系于 1964 年送出该校首批教育学士。
• In 1956 the PTPG was integrated into Andalas University as its Faculty of Teacher Training in Bukittinggi, based at Batusangkar, a change of status rather than of programme.1956 年，该师范学院并入安达拉斯大学，成为设在武吉丁宜、校址在巴图桑卡尔的师范教育学院，此举改变的是隶属关系而非课程。
• Regional unrest interrupted teaching from 1957 to early 1958, and the faculty was reactivated on 10 June 1958 before moving from Batusangkar to Padang on 1 September of the same year.1957 年至 1958 年初的地区动荡使教学中断，学院于 1958 年 6 月 10 日恢复，并在同年 9 月 1 日从巴图桑卡尔迁往巴东。
• In 1961 all B1 teacher courses of West Sumatra, including English and history courses in Bukittinggi and Indonesian, science, commerce and physical education courses in Padang, were folded into the faculty.1961 年，西苏门答腊全部 B1 师范课程并入该院，包括武吉丁宜的英语与历史课程，以及巴东的印尼语、理科、商科与体育课程。
• New departments followed, among them guidance and counselling, biology, social education and fine arts, most of them initially offering a three-year bachelor's degree rather than a full sarjana.此后增设辅导与咨询、生物、社会教育与美术等系，多数系起初只授予三年制学士学位而非完整本科学位。
• In 1964 the faculty left Andalas University and became the Padang branch of IKIP Jakarta, organised into four faculties of education, exact sciences, social studies and language and arts.1964 年，该院脱离安达拉斯大学，成为雅加达教育学院的巴东分校，下设教育、精密科学、社会科学与语言艺术四个学院。
• A fifth faculty, technical teacher training, was formed at the end of 1964 from a private foundation's college, which gave the branch the five faculties required to stand alone.1964 年底，一所私立基金会学院并入组建了第五个学院即技术师范教育学院，使分校具备独立建校所需的五个学院。
• On 7 August 1965, by Decree No. 351/1965 of the Minister of Higher Education and Science, IKIP Padang became an independent institute with five faculties and 14 departments.1965 年 8 月 7 日，依据高等教育与科学部长第 351/1965 号法令，巴东教育学院成为独立学院，设五个学院、14 个系。
• Its first rector was Isyrin Nurdin, and on 7 December 1964, while the institution was still the Padang branch of the Jakarta Institute of Teacher Training and Education, it produced its first graduate, Mazzia Luth, and Nurdin led the institute through its first years as an independent teacher-training college.首任校长为伊西林·努尔丁；1964 年 12 月 7 日，该校仍在雅加达师范学院巴东分校时期，送出了首位毕业生马齐亚·卢特，努尔丁带领学院度过独立初期的岁月。
• In May 1966 the institute moved all its activities to Air Tawar, where it built the campus that still houses the rectorate and most faculties.1966 年 5 月，学院将全部教学活动迁至艾尔塔瓦尔，并在那里建起至今仍容纳校长办公楼与多数学院的校区。
• By 1969 the institute had grown to 21 departments across five faculties, and in 1970 it opened a laboratory school with a senior high school and a technical high school.到 1969 年，学院已在五个学院下设 21 个系；1970 年开办附属实验学校，含高中与技术高中。
• On 1 January 1972 the laboratory school added a kindergarten, a primary school and a junior high school, and the institute was entrusted with the national Pilot Project for Development Schools.1972 年 1 月 1 日，实验学校增设幼儿园、小学与初中，学院同时受托承担全国「发展学校试点项目」。
• The Laboratory School became one of seven national pilot sites for the School Development Project, a Ministry of Education experiment that tested new curricula and teaching methods before national adoption, and it still serves today as a training site for education students.附属实验学校成为全国七所「学校发展项目」试点校之一，该项目由教育部主持，实验新课程与教学法，随后向全国推广；该校至今仍是师范生教学实习的主要基地。
• From 1975 the institute introduced the semester credit system, which the Ministry of Education made compulsory for all Indonesian universities in 1979.自 1975 年起，学院引入学期学分制，教育部于 1979 年在全国高校推行该制度。
• Certificate programmes for junior and senior high school teachers, known as PGSLP and PGSLA, ran from 1976 to 1978 in science, mathematics, Indonesian, English, guidance and vocational skills.面向初高中教师的 PGSLP 与 PGSLA 证书课程于 1976 至 1978 年开设，涵盖理科、数学、印尼语、英语、辅导与职业技能。
• The integration of the Jakarta Sports College in 1977 created a sixth faculty, physical education and health, and in 1979 the institute added diploma, undergraduate and teaching-certificate programmes.1977 年雅加达体育学院并入，增设第六个学院即体育与健康学院；1979 年学院又开设文凭、本科与教师资格课程。
• A Ministry of Education decision of 14 March 1983 standardised the names of the six faculties as education, language and arts education, mathematics and science education, social studies education, sport and health education, and technology and vocational education.教育部 1983 年 3 月 14 日的决定统一了六个学院的名称，即教育、语言与艺术教育、数学与科学教育、社会科学教育、体育与健康教育、技术与职业教育。
• In 1990 the teacher schools of West Sumatra were merged into the institute as primary-school teacher departments, and in 1994 the special-education teacher school of Bandar Buat followed.1990 年，西苏门答腊的师范学校并入该院，改为小学教师系；1994 年，班达尔布阿特的特殊教育师范学校也并入。
• The postgraduate programme began as a credit-collection activity in 1981, became a degree-granting programme on 31 December 1992 and later added doctorates in education and environmental science.研究生项目 1981 年以学分积累形式起步，1992 年 12 月 31 日成为可授学位的项目，后又增设教育学与环境科学博士。
• Presidential Decree No. 93 of 24 August 1999 converted IKIP Padang into Universitas Negeri Padang, and a Faculty of Economics was added in 2005 after approval in July 2004.1999 年 8 月 24 日第 93 号总统令将巴东教育学院改为巴东国立大学；经济学院在 2004 年 7 月获批后于 2005 年设立。
• On 25 November 2021 the university became a state higher-education institution with legal-entity status under Government Regulation No. 114, and Krismadinata became rector on 5 June 2024.2021 年 11 月 25 日，该校依据第 114 号政府条例成为具有法人地位的国立高校；克里司马迪纳塔（Krismadinata）于 2024 年 6 月 5 日出任校长。

Academics

• UNP has ten faculties, education, language and arts, mathematics and natural sciences, social sciences, engineering, sport science, economics and business, tourism and hospitality, psychology and health, and medicine.巴东国立大学设有十个学院，即教育、语言与艺术、数学与自然科学、社会科学、工程、体育、经济与商业、旅游与酒店、心理学与健康以及医学。
• A graduate school and a vocational school complete the structure, offering master's, doctoral, professional and applied bachelor's programmes.研究生院与职业学院构成其余部分，开设硕士、博士、专业学位与应用型本科项目。
• The Faculty of Education trains primary and secondary teachers, school counsellors and education administrators, the function that gave the university its original mandate.教育学院培养中小学教师、学校辅导员与教育管理者，这正是该校最初的办学使命。
• The Faculty of Engineering teaches electrical, mechanical, automotive, civil, electronics, mining and geological engineering, with diploma, applied bachelor's, bachelor's and master's routes, and diploma students spend part of their course in workshops and laboratories.工程学院开设电气、机械、汽车、土木、电子、采矿与地质工程，提供文凭、应用本科、本科与硕士层次，文凭课程学生有一部分课时在工坊与实验室完成。
• The Faculty of Medicine, one of the newest units, also teaches veterinary medicine and runs professional doctor and veterinarian programmes, an unusual combination in Indonesia, and its clinical placements take place in hospitals across West Sumatra.医学院是该校最新的学院之一，同时开设兽医学并设有医师与兽医师专业课程，这在印度尼西亚并不多见，临床实习则在西苏门答腊各地医院进行。
• The Faculty of Economics and Business covers accounting, management, digital business, development economics and tax administration, from diploma to doctoral level.经济与商业学院涵盖会计、管理、数字商务、发展经济学与税务管理，层次从文凭到博士。
• The Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality teaches hospitality management, tourism, fashion design, culinary arts and beauty studies, reflecting West Sumatra's tourism economy.旅游与酒店学院开设酒店管理、旅游、服装设计、烹饪艺术与美容学科，呼应西苏门答腊的旅游经济。
• The Faculty of Psychology and Health offers psychology and nursing degrees and a nurse professional programme, while the Faculty of Sport Science runs coaching, sports science and physical education, including a doctorate.心理学与健康学院提供心理学、护理学位与护士专业课程；体育学院开设教练、运动科学与体育教育，并设博士项目。
• The vocational school offers applied bachelor's degrees in animation, remote sensing and geographic information systems, cosmetic technology and event management.职业学院开设动画、遥感与地理信息系统、化妆品技术与活动管理等应用型本科专业。
• The Faculty of Education, the oldest of the ten, descends from the 1964 Faculty of Education and still trains primary, early-childhood and special-needs teachers.十个学院中历史最久的教育学院源自 1964 年设立的教育学院，至今仍培养小学、幼儿与特殊教育教师。
• The university runs applied bachelor's and vocational programmes alongside academic degrees, a legacy of its teacher-training origins and of the diploma courses introduced in 1979 for secondary-school teachers.该校在学术学位之外开设应用本科与职业课程，这既是师范传统的延续，也源自 1979 年为中学教师开设的文凭课程。
• The graduate school awards master's and doctoral degrees in education, education technology, social studies education, environmental science and management, and runs the teacher professional programme.研究生院授予教育、教育技术、社会科学教育、环境科学与管理等硕士与博士学位，并开设教师专业课程。
• BAN-PT awarded the university the "Unggul" grade on 20 April 2022, after an A grade obtained on 29 December 2016.国家高等教育认证委员会于 2022 年 4 月 20 日授予该校最高等级「Unggul」，此前它已于 2016 年 12 月 29 日获得 A 级认证。
• In 2011 the Directorate General of Higher Education named UNP one of 50 promising Indonesian universities, a list that included 28 state institutions.2011 年，高等教育总局将巴东国立大学列入印尼 50 所最具潜力大学，该名单包含 28 所国立院校。
• Admission runs through the national SNBP and SNBT routes and an independent examination, with separate selection for master's and doctoral applicants.招生通过全国 SNBP 与 SNBT 渠道及自主考试进行，硕士与博士申请者另有单独选拔。
• Teaching practice is compulsory for education students, who spend a semester in partner schools under the programme known as field learning experience.师范生必须参加教学实习，在合作学校度过一个学期，该项目称为校外学习实践。
• The university's language centre, library and digital learning unit support online courses and MOOCs shared with other Indonesian universities.该校的语言中心、图书馆与数字学习部门支撑在线课程及与其他印尼高校共享的慕课。
• Research is coordinated by the Institute for Research and Community Service, which manages grants, community programmes and the university's journals.科研由研究与社区服务研究所统筹，负责管理课题经费、社区项目与校内期刊。

Campus

• The main campus lies on Jalan Prof. Dr. Hamka in Air Tawar, in the north of Padang, and is anchored by the Rectorate and Research Centre building, which also houses the central administrative services.主校区位于巴东市北部艾尔塔瓦尔的哈姆卡教授路，以校长办公楼与研究中心大楼为核心，中央行政服务部门也设于此。
• The university lists further sites in Lubuk Buaya, Ulu Gadut, Bukittinggi, Pariaman, Payakumbuh, Pesisir Selatan and Sijunjung, used for teaching, practice and regional access.该校还在卢布克布阿亚、乌鲁加杜特、武吉丁宜、帕里亚曼、巴雅孔布、南佩西西尔与锡朱恩戎设有场地，用于教学、实践与区域服务。
• The campus includes an integrated laboratory, a central library with a digital repository, and a language centre that serves students from across West Sumatra.校区设有综合实验室、带数字资源库的中央图书馆，以及服务西苏门答腊各地学生的语言中心。
• Hotel UNP is a training hotel run by the tourism faculty, where students practise reception, housekeeping and food service under professional supervision.巴东国立大学酒店是由旅游学院运营的教学酒店，学生在专业人员督导下练习前台、客房与餐饮服务。
• Student dormitories stand on the Air Tawar site, and the university provides sports fields, a mosque, a convention hall and a printing and business centre.学生宿舍位于艾尔塔瓦尔校区，学校还提供运动场、清真寺、会议厅以及印刷与商务中心。
• The integrated service unit, ULT, handles academic records, certificates and student complaints in one office, a reform introduced under the university's governance programme.综合服务单位 ULT 在一个窗口办理学籍、证书与学生投诉，这是该校治理改革中的一项举措。
• The Bukittinggi and Batusangkar connection is historical, since the teacher college that became UNP was founded in Batusangkar and first housed in Bukittinggi.武吉丁宜与巴图桑卡尔的联系具有历史渊源，因为后来成为巴东国立大学的师范学院正是在巴图桑卡尔创办、最初设于武吉丁宜。
• Air Tawar is linked to central Padang by the coastal road and public transport, and the campus sits close to the city's northern commercial districts.艾尔塔瓦尔经滨海道路与公共交通连接巴东市中心，校区靠近城市北部的商业区。

Reputation

• The 2027 QS World University Rankings place UNP in the 1401+ band, the shared range used for the final group of ranked institutions.2027 年 QS 世界大学排名将巴东国立大学列入 1401+ 区间，这是榜单对末段院校采用的并列区间。
• The 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings list it in the 1801–2000 band, a range rather than an exact position.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将其列入 1801–2000 区间，属于区间而非精确名次。
• It is absent from the 2026-2027 U.S. News global universities list and from the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities.该校未进入 2026-2027 年度 U.S. News 全球大学榜单，也未进入 2026 年世界大学学术排名。
• QS placed it in the 1401+ band and 25th in Indonesia in its 2026 world ranking, a national position it has held among the country's large state universities.QS 在 2026 年世界排名中将其列入 1401+ 区间并列为印度尼西亚第 25 位，这是它在该国大型国立大学中的位置。
• In the Ministry of Research and Technology's 2018 ranking of 100 non-vocational universities, UNP stood 26th and was placed in cluster two.在研究与技术部 2018 年百所非职业类大学排名中，巴东国立大学位列第 26，被划入第二集群。
• Its strongest reputation is in teacher education, where it supplies schools across West Sumatra and neighbouring provinces with teachers and school leaders, including remote districts.其最强声誉在师范教育领域，为西苏门答腊及邻近省份的学校输送教师与学校管理者，包括偏远地区。
• The "Unggul" accreditation of 2022 is the highest grade awarded by BAN-PT and covers governance, teaching, research and community service.2022 年的「Unggul」认证是国家高等教育认证委员会授予的最高等级，涵盖治理、教学、科研与社会服务。
• The university presents internationalisation as its next goal, expanding agreements with foreign universities and hosting international students in Indonesian language programmes.该校把国际化列为下一目标，扩大与外国大学的协议，并在印尼语项目中接收国际学生。
• Its research profile is modest by global standards, concentrated in education, sports science, engineering education and local development studies.按全球标准衡量，其科研规模有限，集中于教育、运动科学、工程教育与地方发展研究。

Student life

• The university celebrates its anniversary on 23 October, the date of the 1954 founding of the Batusangkar teacher college, with ceremonies, sports and alumni gatherings.该校以 10 月 23 日为校庆日，即 1954 年巴图桑卡尔师范学院创办之日，举行典礼、体育比赛与校友聚会。
• Campus life is shaped by the Minangkabau tradition of West Sumatra, and the university describes itself as an impactful campus serving the surrounding community.校园生活受西苏门答腊米南加保传统影响，校方自称是一所服务周边社区的「有影响力的校园」。
• Student organisations include the university student executive, faculty student councils and units for sport, arts, religion, journalism and volunteering.学生组织包括校级学生执行会、各院学生理事会，以及体育、艺术、宗教、新闻与志愿类社团。
• The Faculty of Sport Science gives the university a strong sports culture, and its teams compete in the national student sports week and regional championships.体育学院赋予该校浓厚的运动文化，校队参加全国大学生体育周与地区锦标赛。
• The sports faculty traces its line to the Jakarta Sports College branch created in Padang in 1964, which merged into the institute in 1977.体育学院可追溯至 1964 年在巴东设立的雅加达体育学院分院，该院于 1977 年并入本校。
• Traditional Minangkabau arts, including randai theatre and talempong music, are performed at campus festivals and in the arts faculty's programmes.兰代戏剧与塔伦蓬音乐等米南加保传统艺术，在校庆与艺术学院的活动中演出。
• The mosque at Air Tawar is the centre of religious life, and Islamic study groups operate alongside Christian and other student communities, with Friday prayers bringing staff and students together on the site.艾尔塔瓦尔的清真寺是宗教生活中心，伊斯兰学习小组与基督教及其他学生社群并存，周五礼拜把教职员与学生聚集在校园内。
• Education students spend a semester in partner schools across the province, living away from Padang and teaching under mentor supervision.师范生有一个学期在省内合作学校实习，离开巴东居住并在导师督导下授课。
• The hotel, printing house and business centre give hospitality, media and management students workplaces on campus where they serve real customers.教学酒店、印刷厂与商务中心为酒店、传媒与管理专业学生提供校内实训岗位，直接服务真实客户。

Notable people

• Mohammad Yamin, minister of education in 1953-1955, oversaw the creation of the PTPG teacher colleges in 1954, the policy that produced the Batusangkar college.1953 至 1955 年任教育部长的穆罕默德·雅明，主持了 1954 年 PTPG 师范学院的创设，这一政策直接催生了巴图桑卡尔学院。
• Mohammad Hatta, vice-president of Indonesia, inaugurated the four state colleges in West Sumatra between 1954 and 1955, among them the teacher college that became UNP.印度尼西亚副总统穆罕默德·哈达在 1954 至 1955 年间为西苏门答腊四所国立学院揭幕，其中即包括后来成为巴东国立大学的师范学院。
• Mestika Zed, a historian and professor at the university, led the 2018 team that established 23 October 1954 as the official founding date.该校历史学教授梅斯蒂卡·泽德领导 2018 年的考证团队，确认 1954 年 10 月 23 日为正式建校日。
• Ganefri, an engineering professor, served as rector before Krismadinata and led the university's accreditation and internationalisation drive.工程学教授加内弗里（Ganefri）在克里司马迪纳塔之前任校长，推动该校的认证与国际化进程。
• Krismadinata, an electrical engineer, became rector on 5 June 2024 and previously led the university's vocational and digital programmes.电气工程师克里司马迪纳塔于 2024 年 6 月 5 日出任校长，此前负责该校的职业与数字化项目。
• Arif Satria, a graduate, became rector of IPB University in Bogor and is a professor of political ecology and fisheries policy.校友阿里夫·萨特里亚（Arif Satria）出任茂物农业大学校长，是政治生态学与渔业政策教授。
• Gamawan Fauzi, who studied at the institution, was governor of West Sumatra from 2005 to 2009 and minister of home affairs from 2009 to 2014.曾在该校就读的加马万·法齐于 2005 至 2009 年任西苏门答腊省长，2009 至 2014 年任内政部长。
• Fauzi Bahar, a graduate, was mayor of Padang for two terms, from 2004 to 2014, and later chaired the provincial sports committee.校友法乌齐·巴哈尔（Fauzi Bahar）于 2004 至 2014 年连任两届巴东市长，后主持省体育委员会。
• Annas Maamun, an alumnus, was governor of Riau in 2013-2014 after serving as regent of Rokan Hilir.校友安纳斯·马阿蒙（Annas Maamun）在任罗干希利尔县长后，于 2013 至 2014 年出任廖内省长。
• Hasanuddin WS, a poet and professor at the university, is known for his Minangkabau-themed verse and for editing literary anthologies.该校教授、诗人哈萨努丁·WS（Hasanuddin WS）以米南加保题材的诗作与文学选集编纂闻名。
• Boy Candra, a novelist who studied at UNP, became one of Indonesia's best-selling young adult authors, and Khairul Jasmi is a journalist and writer on West Sumatra.曾就读于该校的小说家博伊·詹德拉（Boy Candra）是印尼畅销青年文学作家之一，凯鲁尔·贾斯米（Khairul Jasmi）则是书写西苏门答腊的记者与作家。