Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo (UEES)

Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo, universally known by its acronym UEES, is a private, non-profit university whose campus lies in Samborondón, in Ecuador's Guayas province, and whose catchment is the metropolitan area of Guayaquil.圣灵专业大学（Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo，通称 UEES）是一所私立非营利大学，校园位于厄瓜多尔瓜亚斯省的桑博隆东，生源市场则覆盖整个瓜亚基尔都会区。

Authorised in 1993 by the national council of universities and opened for teaching in 1994, the institution has grown from a single business faculty into ten faculties offering 51 programmes across the undergraduate and graduate cycles together.学校在 1993 年获全国大学与工艺学校委员会批准、1994 年开学授课，已由最初的一个学院扩展为设 10 个学院、本科与研究生两级合计 51 个专业的大学。

In the QS 2027 world rankings UEES sits in the 901-950 band, while the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 place it in the 701-800 band, a standing its own website presents as the best Ecuadorian result in that table.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中该校位列第 901-950 位，2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名则把它放在第 701-800 位；校方官网将这一名次表述为厄瓜多尔高校在该榜的最好成绩。

History

• The origin of the university is recorded in the approval it received in 1993 from the Consejo Nacional de Universidades y Escuelas Politécnicas, the national council of universities and polytechnic schools that regulated Ecuadorian higher education before its successor CONESUP.西语维基百科把该校的诞生系于 1993 年获得的批准，批准机构是全国大学与工艺学校委员会（Consejo Nacional de Universidades y Escuelas Politécnicas），即 CONESUP 的前身、当时统领厄瓜多尔高等教育的审批机关。

• Formal inauguration followed in 1994, the year instruction actually began at what was then a new private university in the coastal province of Guayas.1994 年学校正式开幕并启动教学，这一年它成为瓜亚斯省一所刚刚开学的私立大学。

• Two founding conventions coexist in the sources and are here left side by side: the official QS profile page uses the wording "Created in 1993", whereas the 4icu directory and the OUI-IIOHE institutional page both record the university as founded in 1994.两种建校口径并存且本文不予折中：QS 官方档案页写作「1993 年设立」，而 4ICU 名录与厄瓜多尔高校国际组织 OUI-IIOHE 的项目页均记为「1994 年创立」。

• When teaching started in 1994 the institution operated exactly one academic unit, the Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales, its School of Business Sciences, and no other faculty existed.1994 年开学时全校只有一个教学单位，即商学院（Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales），当时并不存在其他学院。

• That founding faculty opened with two departments only, Comercio Exterior for foreign trade and Gestión Empresarial for business management, both of which remain the base of its business teaching.这座创校学院最初只设两个学系：对外贸易学系（Comercio Exterior）与企业管理学系（Gestión Empresarial），两系至今仍构成其商科教学的基础。

• From the moment of its 1993 authorisation the body has been constituted as private and non-profit, a status restated independently by both the QS profile and the 4icu institutional record.自 1993 年获准设立起，学校即为私立、非营利机构，QS 档案与 4ICU 机构记录各自独立重申了这一性质。

• The Spanish Wikipedia classifies UEES as a private university of Guayas province, the province whose coastal capital is Guayaquil and whose authorising resolution for the school dates to 1993.西语维基百科把该校定性为瓜亚斯省的私立大学；该省省会为港口城市瓜亚基尔，而批准设校的决议出自 1993 年。

• From its opening in 1994 the university has drawn its students, its clinical placements and its employer partners from the wider Guayaquil metropolitan area rather than from Samborondón alone.自 1994 年开学起，学校的学生、临床实习岗位与雇主伙伴都取自大瓜亚基尔都会区，而不只限于桑博隆东本地。

• The English form of the institutional name used officially is Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo, abbreviated UEES, while the 4icu directory renders the same body with a definite article as Universidad de Especialidades del Espíritu Santo.官方英文写法为 Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo，简作 UEES，而 4ICU 名录把同一机构加了定冠词写作（Universidad de Especialidades del Espíritu Santo）。

• The OUI-IIOHE observatory page lists it under the longer legal style Universidad Particular de Especialidades Espíritu Santo, a wording that in English reads as the Espíritu Santo Particular University and uses the Ecuadorian term for a private university authorised in 1993.OUI-IIOHE 项目页采用更长的法定式名称 Universidad Particular de Especialidades Espíritu Santo，其中的「particular」正是厄瓜多尔对 1993 年获准设立的私立大学的法定称谓。

• Indexing bodies shorten the name further: the QS archive and the OpenAlex institutional record used for the 2027 ranking cycle both match the university under the brief style Universidad Espíritu Santo, here glossed as Espíritu Santo University, while the full title runs literally as the Specialties University of the Holy Spirit and is rendered in English as Holy Spirit University.检索机构则进一步简写：QS 档案与 2027 年度榜单所用的 OpenAlex 机构记录，都以 Universidad Espíritu Santo 这一短名命中该校，本文按字面转写为「圣灵大学」。其全称的西语字面即「圣灵专门大学」，英语直译本作对应译名。

• The present campus stands in Samborondón, and the address line of the QS 2026-2027 profile reads "UEES, Samborondón Ecuador", the same locality named by the 4icu entry.现有校园位于桑博隆东，QS 2026-2027 年度档案页的地址栏把校址记为桑博隆东、国别记为厄瓜多尔，与 4ICU 条目所记地名一致。

• A December 2024 Chinese-language repost states that UEES was founded in Samborondón in 1993 as a non-profit body recognised by CONESUP, a version that sits awkwardly with the mainstream 1994 opening date.2024 年 12 月的一篇中文转载称 UEES 于 1993 年在桑博隆东成立、是获 CONESUP 认证的非营利机构，这一说法与主流的 1994 年开学口径存在出入。

• Two coordinate records survive for the site: the repository fact sheet gives -2.19616 and -79.88621, while the Spanish Wikipedia pin reads 2°07′59″S 79°51′58″O, equivalent to about -2.133 and -79.866.同一校址有两组坐标记录：本仓事实表给出南纬 2.19616 度、西经 79.88621 度，西语维基百科的标注约为南纬 2 度 7 分 59 秒、西经 79 度 51 分 58 秒，折合约南纬 2.133 度、西经 79.866 度。

• The two pins sit roughly 7 kilometres apart, a gap that points to a shift of site within Samborondón county, although the chronology of any such move is not documented in the sources consulted.两处标注相距约 7 公里，这一差距指向桑博隆东县内的用地迁移，但所查资料并未记载迁移的具体年份与过程。

• The speaker archive of the QS Higher Education Summit for the Americas dates the founding of UEES as a private university to 1994, corroborating the opening-year convention used by the directory sources.QS 高等教育美洲峰会讲者档案把 UEES 作为私立大学的创立之年定为 1994 年，与名录类来源采用的开学年口径互相印证。

• Carlos Ortega Maldonado is recorded in the Spanish Wikipedia as an antiguo rector, a former rector of the university whose tenure covered part of its first decades of growth.西语维基百科记载 Carlos Ortega Maldonado 曾任该校校长（antiguo rector），其任期覆盖学校早期扩张的部分年头。

• After leaving the rectorate, Carlos Ortega Maldonado was elected to the Asamblea Nacional, Ecuador's national assembly, a route that runs from university leadership directly into national politics.卸任校长之后，Carlos Ortega Maldonado 当选厄瓜多尔国民议会（Asamblea Nacional）议员，走出一条从大学治理直通国家政坛的路径。

• On 26 October 2024 the university signed a memorandum of understanding with Chen Gecheng, a stem cell and regenerative medicine specialist who holds the Malaysian honorific Datuk Seri.2024 年 10 月 26 日，学校与干细胞及再生医学专家、获授马来西亚荣誉勋衔的陈革成签署谅解备忘录。

• The 2024 agreement was designed to channel the results of regenerative therapy research into the medical curriculum, matching an institutional policy that directs biomedical work at local health challenges.这份 2024 年协议要把再生疗法的科研成果引入医学课程，与校方以生物医学科研回应本地健康挑战的方针一致。

• By the 2020s the institution had accumulated cooperation links with more than 200 partner organisations worldwide, a network built outward from its 1994 opening in the Guayas province.到 2020 年代，该校已与全球 200 多家合作机构建立联系，这一网络自 1994 年在瓜亚斯省开学后逐步向外铺开。

Academics

• Spanish Wikipedia counts ten faculties inside the university, a total that the same article supports with a listing of 51 carreras rather than with the names of the individual faculties.据西语维基百科，学校内部设有 10 个学院；同一条目用以支撑这一总数的，是 51 个专业的计数而非各学院的逐一名称。

• Those 51 programmes cover undergraduate and graduate study together, so the catalogue of teaching offered since 1994 now spans both national cycles.这 51 个专业把本科与研究生修读合并计算，因此自 1994 年办学以来累积的教学目录已横跨国家学位的两个周期。

• Enrolment is put at about 5,000 students by the same source, while the uniRank profile places the body inside a 5,000 to 5,999 band for a small coeducational university.同一来源把在校生数记为约 5,000 人，uniRank 简介则把规模放在 5,000 至 5,999 人区间，并将其列为小型男女合校。

• The institution awards nationally recognised bachelor's and master's degrees, the two cycles listed in its 4icu profile as the framework of its degree provision.学校颁发经国家承认的学士与硕士两级学位，即其 4ICU 简介所列的学位框架。

• Teaching is delivered in an English and Spanish bilingual mode at both undergraduate and postgraduate level, for Ecuadorian and international students alike, according to the QS postgraduate profile.按 QS 研究生档案页口径，其本科与研究生阶段均以英语、西班牙语双语授课，学生兼有厄瓜多尔本国与境外背景。

• Medical education is the flagship sector of the portfolio, built around a doctor of clinical medicine programme that the sources present as the core of the health disciplines.医学教育是其专业板块中的招牌，核心是临床医学博士课程，来源把它列为健康学科的中枢。

• That clinical programme is documented as pairing theoretical instruction with supervised clinical practice rather than treating the two as separate tracks of study.该临床课程被描述为理论教学与带教临床实践并重，而非把两者分成互不相干的修读轨道。

• Beyond the initial medical degree the QS postgraduate page lists specialist graduate programmes in medicine, confirming training that continues past the first professional qualification.在初始医学学位之外，QS 研究生档案页还列有医学专科研究生项目，说明其培养链条延续到第一个职业资格之后。

• Chinese-language reporting from 2024 presents the university as a regional centre of medical education and research, the reputation on which its medical teaching rests within southern Ecuador.2024 年的中文报道把该校称为区域性的医学教育与研究重镇，这一名声正是其在厄瓜多尔南部立足的教学资本。

• A separate diploma programme in nutrition is recorded in the same 2024 reporting, extending the health portfolio beyond medicine and into dietetics.同一批 2024 年报道还记有营养学文凭课程，使健康学科的组合超出医学而延伸到营养领域。

• Fifteen graduate programmes are offered face-to-face or online, spanning management, arts, health, information and communication technology, and service-sector fields.学校开设 15 个面授或线上研究生项目，领域覆盖管理、艺术、健康、信息通信技术与服务业。

• Its business teaching is branded through ESAI, a school with the independent site esai.edu.ec that runs executive-level programmes alongside the university's own degrees.商科板块以 ESAI 为品牌运营，设有独立网站 esai.edu.ec，在学校自有学位之外提供高管层次项目。

• The QS archive states that ESAI holds memberships in CLADEA, AMBA, BALAS and AACSB, wording that documents affiliation with these business-education bodies rather than any specific accreditation grade.QS 档案原文称 ESAI 为 CLADEA、AMBA、BALAS 与 AACSB 相关组织成员；该措辞只记录其与这些商科教育机构的会籍，并未指明具体认证等级。

• Research intensity is marked "Very High" on the institutional QS profile page, a rating set out alongside its teaching portfolio and its Samborondón address.机构层面的 QS 档案页把其研究强度标注为「Very High（非常高）」，该评级与其教学板块、桑博隆东地址并列呈现。

• Institutional policy emphasises biomedical research aimed at local health challenges, a direction consistent with the 2024 regenerative medicine agreement signed on 26 October.校方政策强调以生物医学研究应对本地健康挑战，这一取向与 2024 年 10 月 26 日签署的再生医学协议相吻合。

• Ties to regional employers are treated as a defining feature, and the QS profile introduces the university as an intellectual powerhouse with a record for teaching quality and research.与本地企业的紧密联系被视为其突出特征，QS 档案页在介绍中把该校称为兼具教学与研究口碑的区域性学术重镇。

• Quality assurance runs through CACES, the Ecuadorian council for the assurance of the quality of higher education, whose formal recognition of the institution is recorded in the 4icu profile.其质量保障由厄瓜多尔高等教育质量保证委员会 CACES 承担，4ICU 简介记录了该校获得的正式认可。

• Business teaching retains its founding departments as a base, with foreign trade and business management now housed inside a faculty structure far larger than the single school that opened in 1994.商科教学仍以创校时的对外贸易与企业管理两学系为基础，只是这两个方向如今已被纳入远比 1994 年那一座学院庞大的学院架构之中。

Campus

• The main campus occupies Samborondón, which the 4icu profile describes as an urbanised environment inside a town of between 10,000 and 50,000 inhabitants.主校区坐落在桑博隆东，4ICU 简介把校址描述为人口 1 万至 5 万的小镇中的一处城市化地段。

• Instruction spaces documented by the QS archive include informatised classrooms fitted out for digital teaching across the faculties.QS 档案记录的教学空间包括为各学院的数字化教学配置的信息化教室。

• Laboratories for medicine are described as equipped with the most advanced devices available to the university, supporting the clinical half of the medical curriculum.其医学实验室被描述为配备校内最先进的设备，以支撑医学课程中的临床那一半。

• A sports facility characterised in the QS archive as a very modern sports complex provides space for organised physical activity on the Samborondón site.QS 档案把校内体育设施称为「非常现代化的体育综合体」，为桑博隆东校址上的有组织体育活动提供场地。

• The Eureka entrepreneurship centre opened in 2020 with the stated purpose of promoting innovation and entrepreneurship across all of the university's fields.Eureka 创业中心于 2020 年启用，宗旨是推动覆盖学校各领域的创新与创业。

• Chinese-language reporting from 2024 adds a cluster of modern high-technology laboratories to the on-site inventory described by the ranking profiles.2024 年的中文报道在排名档案所描述的校园设施清单之外，又补充了一组现代化高端科技实验室。

• Location inside the Guayaquil metropolitan area conditions daily campus life, with the coastal capital some distance from Samborondón providing clinical sites and employer contacts.校园地处瓜亚基尔都会区，日常校园生活因此受这一区位支配，距桑博隆东有相当路程的滨海首府为其提供临床基地与雇主资源。

Reputation

• The 2027 edition of the QS World University Rankings places Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo in the 901-950 band, the position carried in the repository fact sheet as the standing for this list.2027 年版 QS 世界大学排名把圣灵专业大学置于第 901-950 位，本仓事实表即以此名次作为本榜口径。

• Its QS debut came one cycle earlier: the 2026 edition, published during 2025, ranked the university in the 951-1000 band on the first attempt, as its TopUniversities profile and contemporaneous Chinese reporting agree.其 QS 首秀在前一个周期：2025 年发布的 2026 年版榜单首次收录就把它排在第 951-1000 位，TopUniversities 档案页与同期中文报道口径一致。

• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 record the university in the 701-800 band, and the homepage of uees.edu.ec presents that placing as the best result achieved by any Ecuadorian university in the table.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名把该校置于第 701-800 位，uees.edu.ec 官网首页则宣称这一名次是厄瓜多尔高校在该榜的最好成绩。

• Two other global tables do not list it: the university is absent from the 2026-2027 US News Best Global Universities ranking and unplaced in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities.另两张全球榜单未收录该校：它未进入 2026-2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名，也未进入 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名。

• A QS Stars rating of five stars is documented, and the OUI-IIOHE page further claims recognition by QS as one of only five five-star universities in Latin America.该校获 QS Stars 五星评级有据可查，OUI-IIOHE 项目页并称其被 QS 认可为拉丁美洲仅有的 5 所五星大学之一。

• Regional QS tables give divergent readings: the overview page shows rank 70 for South America and rank 100 for Latin America, while its sustainability line is quoted as 755 on one page and 961-970 on another, so the official current listing should be taken as authoritative.QS 区域榜单口径分歧：总览页给出南美区第 70 位、拉美榜第 100 位，可持续发展一行在一页作第 755 位、另一页作第 961-970 位，引用时应以官方当期榜单页面为准。

• In the 2026 QS round three Ecuadorian universities reached the world top thousand: San Francisco University, USFQ in Quito, took 801-850, ESPOL, the Superior Polytechnic School of the coast, took 951-1000, and UEES itself took 951-1000, according to Chinese-language coverage of Ecuadorian higher education.在 2026 年 QS 轮次中有三所厄瓜多尔大学进入全球千强，据中文报道分别为基多的圣弗朗西斯科大学第 801-850 位、沿海高级理工大学第 951-1000 位与本校第 951-1000 位。

• That coverage singles out learning experience, sustainability, and academic and employer reputation as the dimensions where the university performs most strongly inside the ranking it entered in 2025.同一批报道指出，在其 2025 年进入的这份榜单里，学习体验、可持续性、学术声誉与雇主声誉是该校表现最为突出的几个维度。

• Quantified research output indexed by OpenAlex under identifier I3132284232 reaches 5,523 works carrying 65,391 citations, recorded against the matched name Universidad Espíritu Santo.OpenAlex 以标识 I3132284232 收录其可量化科研产出，计论文 5,523 篇、被引 65,391 次，命中名为 Universidad Espíritu Santo。

• No Nobel, Turing or Fields-level honour is documented among its affiliates, so its equivalent honour counts remain the CACES recognition and the five-star QS Stars rating, while the specific THE 2027 ranking edition behind the 701-800 band is likewise unverified.校内人士中没有有据可查的诺贝尔奖、图灵奖或菲尔兹奖级荣誉，其等效硬荣誉计数只能落在 CACES 认可与 QS Stars 五星两项上；而第 701-800 位所属的泰晤士 2027 具体榜种亦未经核验。

Student life

• Student life unfolds in a small coeducational community of 5,000 to 5,999 women and men, a scale that keeps cohorts compact across the ten faculties.校园生活在一个 5,000 至 5,999 人的小型男女合校社群中展开，这一规模使 10 个学院的学生群体始终较为紧凑。

• Bilingual instruction is offered as an all-stage feature, with advanced English and Spanish teaching documented for undergraduates and postgraduates alike in the QS profile.双语教学被作为贯穿全阶段的特色，QS 档案记录其面向本科生与研究生同时开设高阶的英语与西班牙语授课。

• Reporting from 2024 credits links with more than 200 partner institutions worldwide for sustaining student exchange and joint research beyond Ecuador's borders.2024 年的报道把维系学生交换、跨境联合研究的成果，归于该校与全球 200 多家合作机构建立的联系。

• Medical students are encouraged to take part in community health campaigns in the countryside, learning public health through fieldwork rather than through classroom case discussion alone.医学类学生被鼓励下乡参加公益健康活动，通过实地工作而非仅靠课堂案例讨论来理解公共卫生。

• Entrepreneurship reaches student life through the Eureka centre inaugurated in 2020, which incubates innovation projects originating in any of the faculties.创业教育经由 2020 年启用的 Eureka 创业中心落到学生身上，该中心可孵化来自任何学院的学生创新项目。

• Extracurricular sport is served by the modern sports complex catalogued in the QS profile together with the campus laboratory and classroom estate.课外运动由 QS 档案所列举的现代化体育综合体承接，它与校内实验室、教室群一并构成校园资源。

• International enrolment is a visible part of daily life, since the bilingual programmes are explicitly addressed to students from abroad as well as to Ecuadorians.国际学生是校园日常的可见组成部分，因为其双语项目明确同时面向境外学生与厄瓜多尔本国学生招生。

• Commuting from Guayaquil shapes the rhythm of campus life, given that clinical placements and employer contacts sit in the metropolitan area around Samborondón.自瓜亚基尔方向的通勤决定了校园生活的节奏，因为临床实习与雇主资源都分布在桑博隆东周边的都会区内。

Notable people

• Carlos Ortega Maldonado served as rector of the university and is listed among its former rectors in the Spanish Wikipedia article devoted to the institution.Carlos Ortega Maldonado 曾任该校校长，西语维基百科专述此校的条目把他列为前任校长之一。

• Through Carlos Ortega Maldonado the rectorate connects directly to Ecuadorian public life, since he was later elected a member of the Asamblea Nacional.Carlos Ortega Maldonado 让校长一职与厄瓜多尔公共生活直接相连，因为他后来当选国民议会成员。

• Chen Gecheng, a Datuk Seri-honoured stem cell and regenerative medicine researcher, signed a memorandum of understanding with the university on 26 October 2024 as a partner rather than as an affiliate of it.获授荣誉勋衔的干细胞与再生医学研究者陈革成，于 2024 年 10 月 26 日与该校签署谅解备忘录，其身份是合作方而非本校成员。

• Through that 2024 partnership his work on regenerative therapies was scheduled to enter the medical curriculum, making him the best-documented external scientific figure connected to UEES.借助这份 2024 年的合作，他的再生疗法研究被安排进入医学课程，他也因此成为与 UEES 关联最为确凿的外部科学家。

• The 1994 founding generation of teachers organised the first cohorts around two departments, foreign trade and business management, producing the university's earliest graduates in commerce.1994 年的创校师资把首批学生组织在对外贸易与企业管理两个学系周围，由此培养出学校最早的商科毕业生。

• ESAI Business School has delivered executive-level programmes to managers and entrepreneurs of the Guayas business community, the population from which its participants are drawn.ESAI 商学院长期为瓜亚斯省企业界的管理者与创业者提供高管层次项目，其学员正来自这一人群。

• Graduates of the clinical medicine doctorate and of the medical specialty programmes form the most identifiable alumni group, trained for service in the health system of metropolitan Guayaquil.临床医学博士与医学专科研究生项目的毕业生构成最可辨识的校友群体，其培养方向是服务于瓜亚基尔都会区的医疗体系。

• No further roster of verifiably named alumni in politics, business, culture or sport is documented for this university, and the name of the individual credited with its 1994 founding remains unattributed in the accessible records.该校在政界、商界、文化界与体育界再无可供核验的具名校友名录，而 1994 年创校者的姓名在可及资料中亦无明确归属。