Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)

The University of Buenos Aires, known in Spanish as Universidad de Buenos Aires and abbreviated UBA, is a public research university in Buenos Aires, Argentina, founded in 1821 and the largest university in the country by enrollment.布宜诺斯艾利斯大学（西班牙语：Universidad de Buenos Aires，简称 UBA）是阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯的一所公立研究型大学，创办于 1821 年，也是该国按在校生规模计算最大的大学。

It is the second-oldest university in Argentina and is composed of thirteen self-governing faculties that together educate more than 328,000 students and have produced four of the nation's five Nobel Prize laureates.该校是阿根廷历史第二悠久的大学，由十三所自治学院组成，在校学生超过 32.8 万人，并培养了该国五位诺贝尔奖得主中的四位。

The university accounts for roughly 40 percent of Argentina's scientific research output and, since 1949, has offered all of its undergraduate programmes free of charge to students of any nationality.该校承担了阿根廷约百分之四十的科研产出，并且自 1949 年起向任何国籍的学生免收所有本科项目学费。

History

• Unlike most major cities of colonial Spanish America, Buenos Aires had no university of its own during the colonial period, while Córdoba, Chuquisaca and Santiago de Chile already possessed universities under the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata.与西班牙美洲殖民地的多数大城市不同，布宜诺斯艾利斯在殖民时期没有自己的大学，而科尔多瓦、丘基萨卡和智利圣地亚哥当时已在拉普拉塔总督区内拥有大学。
• Following the May Revolution of 1810 and the Declaration of Independence in 1816, pressure grew for a university in the capital of the newly independent nation.在 1810 年五月革命与 1816 年独立宣言之后，于这个新独立国家的首都创办一所大学的呼声日渐强烈。
• On 12 August 1821 the University of Buenos Aires was officially founded by a decree of Governor Martín Rodríguez, and at the inaugural ceremony the cleric and statesman Antonio Sáenz was appointed the first Rector.1821 年 8 月 12 日，布宜诺斯艾利斯大学由总督马丁·罗德里格斯颁布法令正式创办，在开学典礼上教士兼政治家安东尼奥·萨恩斯被任命为首任校长。
• From its foundation the new university absorbed existing institutions, transferring courses in mathematics, drawing, nautical science and natural history from the Consulate of Buenos Aires, the Military Medical Institute and the Colegio de la Unión del Sud.自建校起，这所新大学便合并了既有机构，从布宜诺斯艾利斯领事馆、军事医学院和南方联盟学院转入了数学、绘图、航海科学与自然史等课程。
• Law professors and courses were incorporated from the Academia de Jurisprudencia, which allowed the university to grant both medicine and law degrees from the moment of its foundation.法学教授与课程则从法理学院并入，使该校从创校之初便能够授予医学与法律学位。
• Free access to the university was suspended during the rule of the caudillo Juan Manuel de Rosas, whose budget cuts left professors unpaid and nearly forced the closure of the Department of Exact Sciences.在考迪罗胡安·曼努埃尔·德·罗萨斯的统治时期，大学的免费入学被暂停，其削减预算导致教授停薪，并几乎迫使精确科学系关闭。
• The situation normalised after the fall of Rosas at the Battle of Caseros in 1852, when the new government of the State of Buenos Aires made improving university conditions a priority.1852 年罗萨斯在卡塞罗斯战役中倒台后局势恢复常态，布宜诺斯艾利斯州新政府将改善大学条件列为优先事项。
• In 1863 the university established the Colegio Nacional de Buenos Aires, and the Escuela Superior de Comercio followed in 1890 as a preparatory school for university entrants.1863 年该校创办了布宜诺斯艾利斯国立学院，1890 年又设立高等商业学校作为大学预备学校。
• In 1869 the first twelve Argentine engineers graduated from the university and became known as the Twelve Apostles, among them Valentín Balbín who later led the Argentine Scientific Society.1869 年该校首批十二名阿根廷工程师毕业，被称为「十二使徒」，其中瓦伦丁·巴尔宾后来领导了阿根廷科学学会。
• In 1891 the department of natural sciences took the name Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, and in 1896 a special doctorate in chemistry was established.1891 年自然科学系更名为精确、物理与自然科学学院，1896 年又设立了化学专门博士。
• By 1909 the university had created the faculties of Agronomy and Veterinary Sciences alongside the Instituto de Altos Estudios Comerciales y de Ciencias Económicas.到 1909 年，该校已创设农学、兽医学两所学院，以及商业与经济学高等研究院。
• The federalisation of Buenos Aires in 1881 made the university dependent on the Argentine national state rather than the provincial government.1881 年布宜诺斯艾利斯的联邦化使该校从隶属省政府转为依附阿根廷国家政府。
• The 1880s saw the university's first women graduates, Élida Passo in pharmacy in 1885 and Cecilia Grierson in medicine in 1889, both still exceptions in a male-dominated environment.十九世纪八十年代该校出现了首批女毕业生，1885 年埃莉达·帕索获药学学位，1889 年塞西莉亚·格里尔森获医学学位，二者在当时男性主导的环境中仍是特例。
• The University Reform of June 1918, sparked by students at the National University of Córdoba, established the principles of university autonomy, democratically elected authorities and co-governance that UBA maintains to this day.1918 年六月由科尔多瓦国立大学学生发起的大学改革，确立了大学自治、民主选举当局与共同治理的原则，布宜诺斯艾利斯大学至今沿用。
• In 1923 the painter and professor Ernesto de la Cárcova created the Extension Department of Fine Arts Education, later the Escuela Nacional Superior de las Artes, a forerunner of the present national arts university.1923 年画家兼教授埃内斯托·德拉·卡科瓦创办了美术教育推广部，后成为国立高等艺术学校，是今日国立艺术大学的前身。
• Co-governance and autonomy were suspended under President Juan Domingo Perón beginning in 1946, and in November 1949 Decree 29.337 made access to public universities completely free of cost.自 1946 年起，在胡安·多明戈·庇隆总统任内共同治理与自治被暂停，1949 年十一月第 29.337 号法令使公立大学完全免费开放。
• Between 1935 and 1955 the number of students enrolled at UBA grew from 12,000 to 71,823 as access expanded to the working class.从 1935 年到 1955 年，随着入学向工人阶级开放，布宜诺斯艾利斯大学的注册学生由 1.2 万人增至 71,823 人。
• The 1940s brought the creation by national law of the Faculty of Dentistry and the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism.二十世纪四十年代，通过国家立法先后创设了牙科学院与建筑及城市规划学院。
• The 1955 Revolución Libertadora re-established the university's autonomy and co-governance, though it also persecuted peronists and leftists, leading to the exile of hundreds of professors.1955 年的自由革命恢复了大学的自治与共同治理，但也迫害庇隆主义者和左翼人士，导致数百名教授流亡。
• On 29 July 1966, during the Noche de los Bastones Largos, state forces violently removed students and professors occupying five faculties, detaining over 400 people and driving about 301 professors into exile.1966 年 7 月 29 日，在「长棍之夜」事件中，国家力量暴力清除了占据五所学院的学生与教授，拘留四百余人，并迫使约 301 名教授流亡海外。
• In 1974 Ley 20.654 mandated academic autonomy and administrative and economic autarky for all national universities, yet Isabel Perón's appointee Alberto Ottalagano had up to 4,000 professors dismissed.1974 年第 20.654 号法律确立了所有国立大学的学术自治与行政、经济自主，然而伊莎贝尔·庇隆任命的阿尔韦托·奥特亚拉加诺却解雇了多达 4,000 名教授。
• With the return of democracy in 1983 the university's autonomy was restored, and in 1985 it introduced the Ciclo Básico Común, a common basic cycle replacing entrance exams.1983 年民主回归后该校恢复了自治，并于 1985 年推行「共同基础周期」，以一套固定课程取代入学考试。
• In 1985 the Faculty of Psychology became the twelfth faculty, and an agreement with the Federal Penitentiary System created the UBA XXII programme letting prisoners study while incarcerated.1985 年心理学院成为第十二所学院，同年该校与联邦监狱系统达成协议，创设 UBA XXII 计划，允许在押人员服刑期间学习。
• The Faculty of Social Sciences, the youngest of the thirteen faculties, was established in 1988 to consolidate teaching in the social disciplines.十三所学院中最年轻的社会科学学院于 1988 年设立，以整合社会科学领域的教学。

Academics

• The University of Buenos Aires is organised into thirteen self-governing faculties that deliver both undergraduate and postgraduate programmes across nearly every field of knowledge.布宜诺斯艾利斯大学由十三所自治学院组成，在几乎各个知识领域开设本科与研究生项目。
• The thirteen faculties are Agronomy, Architecture Design and Urbanism, Economic Sciences, Exact and Natural Sciences, Law, Medicine, Odontology, Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Philosophy and Letters, Psychology, Social Sciences, Veterinary Sciences and the School of Engineering.这十三所学院分别是农学、建筑设计与城市规划、经济科学、精确与自然科学、法学、医学、牙科、药学与生物化学、哲学与文学、心理学、社会科学、兽医学以及工程学院。
• The Faculty of Economic Sciences is the largest constituent unit with more than 36,000 students, while the Faculty of Medicine attracted 17,004 new enrollees in 2018, the highest of any faculty.经济科学学院是规模最大的组成单位，在校学生超过 3.6 万人，而医学院在 2018 年吸引了 17,004 名新生，为各学院之最。
• The university does not operate a single unified campus, so facilities are distributed across the City of Buenos Aires, with the Ciclo Básico Común branch campuses also spread through the Greater Buenos Aires metro area.该校没有统一的单一校园，设施分布在布宜诺斯艾利斯市各处，共同基础周期的分校区也散布于大布宜诺斯艾利斯都会区。
• Besides the thirteen faculties the university administers six hospitals, sixteen museums, thirteen scientific institutes and six interdisciplinary commissions that support teaching and research.除十三所学院外，该校还管理六所医院、十六座博物馆、十三个科研所以及六个跨学科委员会，以支撑教学与研究。
• It also runs five high schools, including the prestigious Colegio Nacional de Buenos Aires and the Escuela Superior de Comercio Carlos Pellegrini, feeding students into university study.该校还办有五所中学，包括知名的布宜诺斯艾利斯国立学院与卡洛斯·佩莱格里尼高等商业学校，为大学输送生源。
• The Ricardo Rojas Cultural Center, the Cosmos Cinema and the University Symphony Orchestra form part of the university's extensive cultural infrastructure open to the public.里卡多·罗哈斯文化中心、宇宙电影院与大学交响乐团构成该校面向公众开放的庞大文化设施的一部分。
• Eudeba, the Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires, is the country's largest university press and has published hundreds of thousands of scholarly and general titles since its creation.尤德瓦（布宜诺斯艾利斯大学出版社）是阿根廷规模最大的大学出版社，自创立以来出版了数十万种学术与大众读物。
• Since 1949 all undergraduate programmes are free of charge for everyone regardless of nationality, and postgraduate tuition helps fund the university's social and educational mission.自 1949 年起所有本科项目对任何人免收学费，研究生学费则用于资助该校的社会与教育使命。
• Internationalisation is strongest at the postgraduate level, where about 15 percent of students come from abroad, rising to 30 percent in the Faculty of Economic Sciences.国际化在研究生层面最为显著，约百分之十五的研究生来自国外，在经济科学学院这一比例达到百分之三十。
• The university enrolled more than 328,000 students in recent years, making it by far the largest single institution of higher education in Argentina by headcount.近年来该校在校学生超过 32.8 万人，是阿根廷按人数计算规模最大的高等教育机构。
• Research is conducted in thirteen scientific institutes and numerous faculty centres, and the university contributes roughly 40 percent of all scientific output produced in Argentina.科研在十三个科研所以及各学院的众多中心展开，该校贡献了阿根廷全部科研产出约百分之四十。
• Governance follows the 1918 reform principle of co-governance, with the Rector and a twenty-nine-member Superior Council made up of the rector, thirteen deans and delegates of professors, students and graduates.治理遵循 1918 年改革确立的共同治理原则，由校长与一个二十九人的最高理事会领导，成员包括校长、十三位院长以及教授、学生与毕业生的代表。
• Deans and council representatives are elected every four years in democratic votes in which all professors, students and graduates participate, and the Rector is chosen by a University Assembly.院长与理事会代表每四年由全体教授、学生与毕业生民主选举产生，校长则由大学大会遴选。
• Since 2022 the Rector of the University of Buenos Aires has been Ricardo Gelpi, elected to lead the institution for a four-year term.自 2022 年起，布宜诺斯艾利斯大学校长由里卡多·赫尔皮担任，他当选领导该校四年任期。
• Student representation is organised through faculty student unions grouped into the Federación Universitaria de Buenos Aires, which is affiliated with the Argentine University Federation.学生代表通过各学院学生会组织起来，并归入布宜诺斯艾利斯大学联合会，该会附属于阿根廷大学联合会。
• Attached to the Faculty of Medicine are the Ángel Roffo Oncology Institute and the Alfredo Lanari Medical Research Institute, two of the university's oldest clinical research units.隶属于医学院的有安赫尔·罗福肿瘤研究所与阿尔弗雷多·拉纳里医学研究所，它们是该校历史最悠久的临床研究单位之一。
• The Institute of Physiology, Molecular Biology and Neurosciences and the Institute of Calculus are further examples of the research units run by the faculties with national research council support.生理学、分子生物学与神经科学研究所和微积分研究所，是各学院在阿根廷国家科研委员会支持下运营的更多研究单位。

Campus

• The university has no single enclosed campus, and its buildings, faculties and institutes are scattered across the City of Buenos Aires and its surrounding metro area.该校没有封闭的单一校园，其楼舍、学院与研究所散布于布宜诺斯艾利斯市及其周边都会区。
• The Ciudad Universitaria, or University City, in the Núñez neighbourhood along the banks of the Río de la Plata is the closest thing to a centralised campus the university possesses.位于努涅斯区、濒临拉普拉塔河岸的「大学城」是该校最接近集中式校园的形态。
• The University City houses the Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, the Faculty of Architecture Design and Urbanism, a branch of the Ciclo Básico Común and several research institutes.大学城内设有精确与自然科学学院、建筑设计与城市规划学院、共同基础周期分校区以及若干研究所。
• Most faculties occupy their own historic buildings in central Buenos Aires, such as the Faculty of Law and the Faculty of Economic Sciences near Plaza de Mayo.多数学院占据布宜诺斯艾利斯市中心的历史建筑，例如靠近五月广场的法学院与经济科学学院。
• The Faculty of Medicine and its associated teaching hospitals are concentrated along Avenida Córdoba and in the Recoleta and Once districts of the city.医学院及其附属教学医院集中在科尔多瓦大道沿线，以及市内的雷科莱塔与翁塞区。
• The Ricardo Rojas Cultural Center on Corrientes Avenue serves as a major venue for theatre, exhibitions and public lectures open to the wider city.位于科连特斯大道的里卡多·罗哈斯文化中心是面向全市的戏剧、展览与公开讲座的重要场所。
• The university's six hospitals provide both clinical training for medical students and specialised healthcare to the public across the metropolitan area.该校的六所医院既为医学生提供临床训练，也为都会区民众提供专科医疗服务。
• The university operates Radio Universidad de Buenos Aires on FM 87.9, launched on 20 December 2005 with the motto El saber está en el aire, meaning knowledge is in the air.该校运营布宜诺斯艾利斯大学广播电台，频率为调频 87.9，于 2005 年 12 月 20 日开播，台训为「知识在空中」。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 the University of Buenos Aires is placed 84th in the world, the highest position of any university in Argentina.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，布宜诺斯艾利斯大学位列世界第 84 位，是阿根廷排名最高的大学。
• The U.S. News Best Global Universities edition of 2026 to 2027 ranks the university 348th in the world.在 2026 至 2027 年版《美国新闻与世界报道》最佳全球大学排名中，该校居世界第 348 位。
• In the QS World University Rankings of 2021 the university reached 66th place globally, reflecting its standing among the leading institutions of Latin America.在 2021 年 QS 世界大学排名中，该校曾达到全球第 66 位，体现了它在拉丁美洲顶尖学府中的地位。
• The Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings of 2020 placed the university in the 176 to 200 band, although it is not listed in the performance-based THE World University Rankings.2020 年泰晤士高等教育世界声誉排名将该校列入 176 至 200 区间，不过它并未出现在以绩效为准的 THE 世界大学排名中。
• The OpenAlex database attributes 144,570 works to the University of Buenos Aires with 6,345,002 citations, a measure of its large research footprint.OpenAlex 数据库为布宜诺斯艾利斯大学收录 144,570 篇成果，被引 6,345,002 次，体现了其庞大的科研体量。
• The university has educated seventeen presidents of Argentina and four of the country's five Nobel Prize laureates, a record unmatched by any other Argentine institution.该校培养了十七位阿根廷总统以及该国五位诺贝尔奖得主中的四位，这一纪录为其他阿根廷机构所不及。
• It is consistently regarded as the leading university of Argentina and one of the most influential research centres in Latin America by both national and regional assessments.无论是国内还是地区层面的评估，它都始终被视为阿根廷的领头大学与拉丁美洲最具影响力的研究中心之一。
• The Faculty of Economic Sciences is ranked among the top business schools in the Spanish-speaking world, with the highest rate of international postgraduate students at 30 percent.经济科学学院位列西语世界顶尖商学院之列，其国际研究生比例最高，达到百分之三十。
• Because all undergraduate education is free and the university is publicly funded, it maintains broad social reach and strong mobility for students from lower-income backgrounds.由于本科教育全免且由公共财政支持，该校拥有广泛的社会覆盖面，并为低收入家庭学生提供了强劲的上升通道。

Student life

• The university has no single official motto, but individual faculties carry their own traditions and the student radio uses the phrase knowledge is in the air.该校没有统一的正式校训，但各学院自有传统，学生广播电台使用「知识在空中」之语。
• Student politics are unusually prominent, with faculty student unions electing representatives who organise through the Federación Universitaria de Buenos Aires.学生政治在这里格外活跃，各学院学生会选举代表，并通过布宜诺斯艾利斯大学联合会开展组织工作。
• The reformist tradition born in 1918 keeps co-governance alive, and student centres regularly debate national and university policy inside the faculties.源自 1918 年的改革传统使共同治理得以延续，学生中心经常在学院内辩论国家与校务政策。
• The Ciclo Básico Común, introduced in 1985, requires every new student to complete a common set of subjects before entering a specific faculty, creating a shared first-year experience.1985 年推行的共同基础周期要求每名新生在进入具体学院前修完一套共同科目，从而形成了共享的一年级经历。
• The university's Symphony Orchestra and the Cosmos Cinema provide regular concerts and film programmes, while the Ricardo Rojas Cultural Center stages theatre and art exhibitions.该校交响乐团与宇宙电影院提供定期音乐会与电影放映，里卡多·罗哈斯文化中心则上演戏剧并举办艺术展览。
• Sports clubs and student societies span medicine, law, engineering and the arts, and inter-faculty competitions are a long-standing feature of university social life.体育俱乐部与学生社团涵盖医学、法学、工程与艺术等领域，院际竞赛是大学社交生活中长久的特色。
• The UBA XXII programme, agreed with the Federal Penitentiary System in 1985, allows people in federal prisons to enrol and study while deprived of liberty, extending university life beyond campus.1985 年与联邦监狱系统达成的 UBA XXII 计划，允许联邦在押人员在失去自由期间入学就读，将大学生活延伸到校园之外。
• Public lectures, book fairs and science weeks organised by the faculties draw large audiences from across Buenos Aires, linking the university closely to the city.各学院举办的公开讲座、书展与科学周吸引了布宜诺斯艾利斯各地的众多听众，使大学与城市紧密相连。

Notable people

• Governor Martín Rodríguez founded the university by decree on 12 August 1821, and Antonio Sáenz, appointed the first Rector at the inaugural ceremony, shaped its early direction as a lay and professional institution.总督马丁·罗德里格斯于 1821 年 8 月 12 日颁令创办该校，开学典礼上被任命的首任校长安东尼奥·萨恩斯将其早期定位为世俗而务实的机构。
• Carlos Saavedra Lamas, a UBA law graduate who served as Rector from 1941 to 1943, received the 1936 Nobel Peace Prize for his work on the Anti-War Treaty of Non-Aggression and Conciliation.布宜诺斯艾利斯大学法学毕业生卡洛斯·萨维德拉·拉马斯在 1941 至 1943 年任校长，因《反战非侵略与和解条约》的工作荣获 1936 年诺贝尔和平奖。
• Bernardo Houssay, educated at UBA and active at its affiliated Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine, won the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the role of the pituitary hormone in sugar metabolism.曾就读于该校并在其附属实验医学与生物学研究所工作的贝尔纳多·奥赛，因发现垂体激素在糖代谢中的作用荣获 1947 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
• Luis Federico Leloir, who earned his medical degree at UBA in 1932, was awarded the 1970 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for discovering the metabolic pathways of lactose and other sugars.1932 年在该校获医学学位的路易斯·费德里科·莱洛伊尔，因发现乳糖及其他糖类的代谢途径荣获 1970 年诺贝尔化学奖。
• César Milstein, a graduate of the Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, received the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his development of monoclonal antibodies.精确与自然科学学院毕业生塞萨尔·米尔斯坦因开发单克隆抗体荣获 1984 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
• Seventeen presidents of Argentina studied at UBA, including Hipólito Yrigoyen, Arturo Frondizi, Arturo Illia, Raúl Alfonsín and the incumbent Alberto Fernández, most of them at the Faculty of Law.十七位阿根廷总统曾就读于该校，包括伊波利托·伊里戈延、阿图罗·弗隆迪西、阿图罗·伊利亚、劳尔·阿方辛与现任的阿尔韦托·费尔南德斯，其中多数出身法学院。
• Ernesto Che Guevara enrolled in the Faculty of Medicine in 1948 before becoming a Marxist revolutionary and a central figure of the Cuban Revolution.埃内斯托·切·格瓦拉于 1948 年进入医学院就读，后来成为马克思主义革命家与古巴革命的核心人物。
• The mathematician Alberto Calderón, a central figure of the Chicago School of hard analysis, and Luis Caffarelli, a leading authority on partial differential equations, were both educated at UBA.硬分析「芝加哥学派」的核心人物、数学家阿尔韦托·卡尔德隆，以及偏微分方程权威路易斯·卡法雷利，都曾就读于该校。
• The theoretical physicist Juan Martín Maldacena, known for his work on string theory and the AdS/CFT correspondence, studied at the University of Buenos Aires.以弦论与 AdS/CFT 对应研究著称的理论物理学家胡安·马丁·马尔达塞纳曾就读于布宜诺斯艾利斯大学。
• The writer Julio Cortázar, one of the founders of the Latin American literary Boom, began a philosophy degree at UBA, and the architect Clorindo Testa, a pioneer of Argentine brutalism, graduated from the Faculty of Architecture in 1948.拉丁美洲文学爆炸的奠基者之一、作家胡利奥·科塔萨尔曾在该校攻读哲学学位，而阿根廷粗野主义先驱、建筑师克洛林多·特斯塔于 1948 年从建筑学院毕业。
• Luis Moreno Ocampo, who earned his law degree at UBA in 1978, served as the first Chief Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court.1978 年在该校获法学学位的路易斯·莫雷诺·奥坎波，曾任国际刑事法院首任首席检察官。