Umm Al-Qura University

Umm Al-Qura University is a public university in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the kingdom's principal seat of Islamic legal and Arabic-language study, and it occupies the 741-750 band of the 2027 QS World University Rankings.乌姆埃尔古拉大学是一所位于沙特阿拉伯麦加的公立大学，是该国伊斯兰法学与阿拉伯语教学的首要学府，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中处于 741-750 区间。

It began in 1949 as the College of Sharia, established during the reign of King Abdulaziz ibn Saud, and was raised to university status and given its present name by royal decree in 1981.该校 1949 年以「伊斯兰法学院」之名创立于阿卜杜勒阿齐兹·伊本·沙特国王在位时期，1981 年经王室敕令升格为大学并改用现名。

Its OpenAlex record lists 32,876 research works and 707,571 citations, and its annual budget stood at about 3 billion Saudi riyals in 2015, equivalent to roughly 801 million US dollars at the time.其 OpenAlex 记录列有研究成果 32,876 项、被引 707,571 次；2015 年其年度预算约为 30 亿沙特里亚尔，当时约合 8.01 亿美元。

History

• The institution was founded in 1949, corresponding to 1369 in the Islamic calendar, as the College of Sharia, the first college in Mecca and the seed of the later university.该校创办于 1949 年，即伊斯兰历 1369 年，初名伊斯兰法学院，是麦加最早的高等学府，也是后来整所大学的源头。

• It was created during the reign of King Abdulaziz ibn Saud, when the young Saudi state was building national institutions in education, and it taught Islamic law, theology and Arabic.该校创设于阿卜杜勒阿齐兹·伊本·沙特国王在位期间，其时年轻的沙特国家正在教育等领域建设国家机构，学校以教授伊斯兰法、神学与阿拉伯语为主。

• In 1962 the Department of Arabic was established as an independent department at the College of Education, and it was joined to the College of Sharia in 1965.1962 年，阿拉伯语系在教育学院内作为独立系所设立，并于 1965 年并入伊斯兰法学院。

• Graduate studies in Arabic were introduced in 1973, when the department began to award master's degrees and to train teachers of Arabic for the kingdom's schools.1973 年开设阿拉伯语研究生教育，该系开始授予硕士学位，并为王国各地学校培养阿拉伯语教师。

• From September 1970 the College of Education functioned as a university college within King Abdulaziz University, remaining in that arrangement until May 1981.自 1970 年 9 月起，教育学院作为阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学内的大学学院运作，这一体制延续至 1981 年 5 月。

• In 1981 the institution as a whole was renamed Umm Al-Qura University by royal decree, and the College of Arabic Language was created in the same year.1981 年，该校整体经王室敕令改名乌姆埃尔古拉大学，阿拉伯语学院也在同年设立。

• The College of Da'wah and Fundamentals of Religion was established on 20 October 1981 and began teaching in the academic year 1982-1983 with four departments for men and women.宣教与宗教基础学院于 1981 年 10 月 20 日设立，并于 1982 至 1983 学年开始授课，设四个系并同时招收男女学生。

• In 1982 the College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture was set up as part of the College of Applied and Engineering Sciences, forming the university's first engineering department.1982 年，工程与伊斯兰建筑学院作为应用与工程学院的一部分设立，构成该校第一个工程系所。

• In March 1983 the Universities Supreme Council approved the creation of a Department of Medical Sciences attached to the College of Applied Sciences.1983 年 3 月，大学最高委员会批准设立医学科学系，隶属于应用科学学院。

• In 1984 the Department of Qur'an and Sunnah was moved from the College of Sharia to the College of Da'wah under a resolution of the university's high council.1984 年，依大学最高委员会的决议，古兰经与圣训系由伊斯兰法学院转至宣教学院。

• Also in 1984 the College of Social Sciences was established with departments of geography, English language, social service and media.同年即 1984 年，社会科学学院成立，设地理学、英语、社会服务与传媒四个系。

• The first medical students were admitted in 1985 in a class of twenty, and that intake became the seed of the College of Medicine and Medical Sciences.1985 年招收首批医学生，共二十人，这批学生成为医学与医学科学学院的雏形。

• King Fahd ibn Abdul Aziz laid the cornerstone of the new campus at Abidiyyah in 1986 and directed that a college of medicine and a university hospital be built for clinical teaching.1986 年，法赫德·伊本·阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王为阿比迪耶新校区奠基，并指示兴建医学院与大学附属医院以供临床教学。

• The College of Applied Sciences, the university's first scientific college, was established in 1990 with departments of physics, mathematics, chemistry and biology.应用科学学院于 1990 年成立，是该校第一所理科学院，设物理、数学、化学与生物四系。

• In 1995 the Medical Sciences Department was converted into the College of Medicine and Medical Sciences by resolution of the Universities Higher Council.1995 年，依大学高等教育委员会决议，医学科学系升格为医学与医学科学学院。

• The first women were admitted to the College of Medicine and Medical Sciences in 1998, extending medical education to female students in Mecca.1998 年，医学与医学科学学院首次招收女学生，使麦加的女性也得以接受医学教育。

• In 1999 a deputy deanship for postgraduate studies was created within the College of Da'wah and Usul-ud-Din to supervise its master's and doctoral programmes.1999 年，宣教与宗教基础学院设立研究生教育副院长一职，以统筹该院的硕士与博士项目。

• In 2005 the medical sciences unit became the independent College of Applied Medical Sciences, with programmes in laboratory medicine, physiotherapy, clinical nutrition and clinical technology.2005 年，医学科研单位独立为医学应用科学学院，开设检验医学、物理治疗、临床营养与临床技术等项目。

• The College of Nursing became a separate college in 2005, and the College of Computers and Information Systems was established in the same period with four academic departments.护理学院于 2005 年独立设院；计算与信息系统学院也在同一时期成立，下设四个系。

• The College of Pharmacy was founded in 2006, and the College of Dental Medicine followed in 2007 by royal decree, completing the university's health sciences group.药学院创办于 2006 年，牙医学院则于 2007 年依王室敕令设立，从而补齐了该校的医学卫生类学院体系。

• The College of Public Health and Health Informatics was established in 2011, and the university has since expanded from a single Sharia college into a comprehensive institution.公共卫生与健康信息学院于 2011 年设立，该校由此从单一的伊斯兰法学院发展为综合性大学。

Academics

• The university comprises more than twenty colleges covering Sharia and Islamic studies, Arabic language, education, social sciences, applied sciences, engineering, computing, medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, nursing and public health.该校设有二十余个学院，涵盖伊斯兰法与伊斯兰研究、阿拉伯语、教育学、社会科学、应用科学、工程、计算、医学、牙医、药学、护理与公共卫生。

• The College of Sharia, founded in 1949, is the oldest unit, and from it the colleges of Da'wah, Arabic language, regulations and judicial studies, and economics and Islamic finance were later formed.1949 年设立的伊斯兰法学院历史最久，宣教学院、阿拉伯语学院、法规与司法研究学院以及经济与伊斯兰金融学院均由其衍生而来。

• The College of Arabic Language, created by royal decree in 1981, has departments of Arabic linguistics, rhetoric and literary criticism, and literature, awarding bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees.1981 年经王室敕令设立的阿拉伯语学院下设阿拉伯语言学、修辞与文学批评、文学等系，可授予学士、硕士与博士学位。

• The College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture offers ABET-accredited bachelor's and master's degrees in Islamic architecture, electrical, mechanical and civil engineering.工程与伊斯兰建筑学院在伊斯兰建筑、电气、机械与土木工程方向开设获 ABET 认证的学士与硕士学位项目。

• Its bachelor's programmes require about 160 to 169 credit hours over ten semesters, while the master's degrees require about 42 to 43 credit hours over two years.其本科项目需在十个学期内修满约 160 至 169 学分，硕士项目则需在两年内修满约 42 至 43 学分。

• The College of Computers and Information Systems has departments of computer engineering, computer science, information systems and information sciences, and awards a master's degree in computer science.计算与信息系统学院设计算机工程、计算机科学、信息系统与信息科学四个系，并授予计算机科学硕士学位。

• The College of Applied Sciences teaches physics, mathematics, chemistry and biology, awards doctoral degrees in chemistry and biology, and has more than sixty laboratories and an interactive training centre.应用科学学院教授物理、数学、化学与生物，并在化学与生物方向授予博士学位，拥有 60 多个实验室与一个互动培训中心。

• The College of Medicine, established in 1995, was the first medical college in Mecca and works with the university hospital for clinical training.1995 年成立的医学院是麦加第一所医学院，与大学附属医院合作开展临床教学。

• The College of Applied Medical Sciences runs programmes in laboratory medicine, physiotherapy, clinical nutrition, emergency medical services, anaesthesia technology and respiratory care.医学应用科学学院开设检验医学、物理治疗、临床营养、急救医疗服务、麻醉技术与呼吸治疗等专业。

• The College of Education has departments of Islamic education, curriculum and instruction, psychology, special education, physical education, kindergarten, family education and educational administration.教育学院设伊斯兰教育、课程与教学、心理学、特殊教育、体育、幼儿教育、家庭教育与教育行政等系。

• The College of Social Sciences, established in 1984, teaches geography, English language, social service and media studies.1984 年成立的社会科学学院教授地理学、英语、社会服务与传媒研究。

• The university's budget reached about 3 billion Saudi riyals in 2015, funding teaching, hospital services and capital projects across its colleges.2015 年该校预算约为 30 亿沙特里亚尔，用于教学、医院服务及各学院的基本建设。

• Research output is recorded by OpenAlex at 32,876 works and 707,571 citations, concentrated in medicine, engineering and the Islamic sciences.OpenAlex 记录其研究成果 32,876 项、被引 707,571 次，集中于医学、工程与伊斯兰学科。

• Bachelor's degrees normally take four to five years, medical degrees longer, and postgraduate degrees are offered at master's and doctoral level in most colleges.学士学位通常需四至五年，医学学位更长，多数学院还开设硕士与博士层次的研究生学位。

• Teaching is conducted mainly in Arabic, while English is used in engineering, computing and the medical sciences, and Arabic-language programmes for non-native speakers attract international students.教学主要以阿拉伯语进行，工程、计算与医学科学则使用英语，面向非母语者的阿拉伯语项目还吸引了国际学生。

• The university serves a large student body drawn from Mecca, the wider Makkah Province and from other countries, particularly for Islamic law, Qur'anic studies and Arabic.该校学生规模庞大，来自麦加、更广阔的麦加省以及其他国家，尤其集中于伊斯兰法、古兰经学与阿拉伯语方向。

Campus

• The main campus lies in the Abidiyyah district of Mecca at approximately 21.32 degrees north and 39.97 degrees east, to the west of the city centre.主校区位于麦加阿比迪耶区，坐标约为北纬 21.32 度、东经 39.97 度，在市中心以西。

• Its foundation stone was laid by King Fahd ibn Abdul Aziz in 1986, and the site was developed as a modern campus with colleges, a teaching hospital and student facilities.其奠基石由法赫德·伊本·阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王于 1986 年安放，此后该地发展为拥有各学院、教学医院与学生设施的现代校区。

• Colleges are distributed across several sites in Makkah Province, among them the Al-Aziziyah campus, and faculties moved to Abidiyyah as its buildings were completed.各学院分布于麦加省的多个场地，其中包括阿齐齐亚校区；随着阿比迪耶建筑陆续落成，各院系也逐步迁入。

• The Al-Aziziyah campus, with its domed halls and courtyard architecture, served for many years as the university's principal administrative and teaching seat.阿齐齐亚校区以其穹顶大厅与庭院式建筑著称，多年来一直是该校主要的行政与教学所在地。

• The university hospital and the medical colleges occupy a dedicated health sciences site that supports clinical teaching for the College of Medicine and the allied health colleges.大学附属医院与各医学院占据专门的医学卫生场地，为医学院及医学相关学院提供临床教学支持。

• The College of Applied Sciences has more than sixty laboratories and an interactive training centre, giving the science programmes purpose-built teaching space.应用科学学院拥有 60 多个实验室与一个互动培训中心，为理科项目提供了专门的教学空间。

• The campus includes separate sections for male and female students, reflecting the arrangements of Saudi higher education of the period.校区分设男生与女生区域，反映了当时沙特高等教育的既有安排。

• The Great Mosque of Mecca lies within a few kilometres of the campus, giving the Islamic studies colleges direct access to the city's scholarly and manuscript traditions.麦加大清真寺距校区仅数公里，使各伊斯兰研究学院得以直接接触该城的学术与写本传统。

• The campus is served by Mecca's road network and lies within reach of Jeddah, about seventy kilometres away, and of King Abdulaziz International Airport.校区由麦加道路网连接，距约七十公里外的吉达与阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王国际机场均在可达范围内。

• Pilgrimage seasons reshape the university calendar, as Mecca's population swells during the Hajj and timetables and examinations are adjusted accordingly.朝觐季会改变大学的日程，朝觐期间麦加人口骤增，课时与考试安排亦随之调整。

• Saudi higher education developed alongside the university, with King Saud University founded in Riyadh in 1957, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals in Dhahran in 1963 and King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah in 1967.沙特的高等教育与该校同步发展：1957 年利雅得创办沙特国王大学，1963 年达兰创办法赫德国王石油矿产大学，1967 年吉达创办阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学。

• The kingdom's other universities, among them King Khalid University in Abha and Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University in Riyadh, share the national accreditation system with Umm Al-Qura.王国的其他大学，如阿布哈的哈立德国王大学与利雅得的努拉公主·宾特·阿卜杜勒拉赫曼大学，与乌姆埃尔古拉共用国家认证体系。

• Its graduates teach in Saudi schools and universities including Taibah University in Medina, Taif University and Qassim University, and at the Islamic University of Madinah.其毕业生在沙特各校任教，包括麦地那的塔伊巴大学、塔伊夫大学与卡西姆大学，以及麦地那伊斯兰大学。

Reputation

• In the 2027 QS World University Rankings Umm Al-Qura University is placed in the 741-750 band, according to the official ranking table.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，乌姆埃尔古拉大学处于 741-750 区间。此排名以官方榜单为准。^[1]

• It stands in the 451-500 band of the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings and is 562nd in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities.在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中，该校处于 451-500 区间，并在 2026-2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中位列第 562。

• It is placed in the 901-1000 band of the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities published by ShanghaiRanking.该校处于软科发布的 2026 年世界大学学术排名 901-1000 区间。

• Its Times Higher Education band of 451-500 is among the strongest positions recorded by a Saudi institution in that edition of the table.其泰晤士高等教育 451-500 的区间，是沙特各院校在该版榜单中取得的最好座次之一。

• In the 2022 QS World University Rankings the university was placed 447th, and in the same year Times Higher Education placed it in the 601-800 band.在 2022 年 QS 世界大学排名中，该校位列第 447；同年泰晤士高等教育将其列入 601-800 区间。

• OpenAlex attributes 32,876 works and 707,571 citations to the university, a research record weighted towards medicine, engineering and the Islamic sciences.OpenAlex 记录该校成果 32,876 项、被引 707,571 次，科研记录以医学、工程与伊斯兰学科为主。

• All technical programmes offered by the engineering-related colleges were judged substantially equivalent to accredited American programmes under ABET review.其工程类各院开设的技术项目均经 ABET 评审，被认定与获认证的美国同类项目实质相当。

• In May 2014 all business and management degrees of the College of Business were declared eligible for accreditation by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business.2014 年 5 月，商学院的工商管理类学位项目被宣布具备国际商学院协会认证资格。

• As of September 2015 all medical, dental, nursing and pharmacy programmes were accredited by North American or European bodies, and the university is fully accredited by the National Commission for Academic Accreditation and Assessment.到 2015 年 9 月，其医学、牙医、护理与药学项目均获北美或欧洲机构认证，整所大学并通过沙特国家学术认证与评估委员会的全面认证。

• Its location in Mecca gives it a distinctive reputation in Islamic law, Qur'anic studies and the Arabic language, fields in which it recruits students from across the Islamic world.其麦加区位使其在伊斯兰法、古兰经学与阿拉伯语方面享有独特声誉，这些领域的学生来自整个伊斯兰世界。

Student life

• The university does not promote a single formal motto, and its identity is bound to Mecca and to the study of the Qur'an and Islamic law.该校不宣扬单一的正式校训，其身份认同与麦加以及古兰经和伊斯兰法的研习紧密相连。

• Student life follows the Saudi pattern of separate male and female sections, with shared academic standards and separate teaching, library and sports facilities.学生生活依循沙特分设男生与女生区域的模式，学业标准统一，而教学、图书馆与体育设施分设。

• The College of Education, with departments of kindergarten, family education and special education, prepares teachers for the kingdom's schools and kindergartens.教育学院设幼儿教育、家庭教育与特殊教育等系，为王国的学校与幼儿园培养教师。

• Student societies are organised by college, and the Islamic studies colleges run Qur'an memorisation circles, recitation competitions and Arabic language clubs.学生社团按学院组织，伊斯兰研究各院设有古兰经背诵小组、诵读比赛与阿拉伯语社团。

• The academic calendar is adjusted around the pilgrimage, when Mecca hosts millions of pilgrims and teaching and examination schedules shift accordingly.学年安排围绕朝觐调整，朝觐期间麦加接待数百万朝觐者，教学与考试日程亦随之变动。

• Medical, dental and nursing students spend much of their time in clinical rotations at the university hospital and at affiliated health facilities in Mecca and Jeddah.医学、牙医与护理学生的大部分时间在附属医院及麦加、吉达的协作医疗机构进行临床轮转。

• The university's location gives students access to the scholarly environment of the Great Mosque of Mecca and to the city's libraries and manuscript collections.学校的地理位置使学生得以接触麦加大清真寺的学术氛围以及该城的图书馆与写本收藏。

• The College of Computers and Information Systems, with about 3,500 students and 230 teaching staff, runs programming and technology clubs among the university's largest societies.拥有约 3,500 名学生与 230 名教师的计算与信息系统学院，其编程与技术社团是全校规模最大的社团之一。

• Sports and recreation facilities are provided on the separate male and female campuses, with football, athletics and indoor sports among the main activities.男女生校区各自设有体育与休闲设施，主要活动包括足球、田径与室内运动。

Notable people

• King Abdulaziz ibn Saud, during whose reign the College of Sharia was founded in 1949, is the founding figure of the institution that became the university.在位于 1949 年创办伊斯兰法学院的阿卜杜勒阿齐兹·伊本·沙特国王，是这所后来成为大学的机构的奠基人物。

• King Fahd ibn Abdul Aziz laid the foundation stone of the Abidiyyah campus in 1986 and directed the creation of the medical college and its teaching hospital.法赫德·伊本·阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王于 1986 年为阿比迪耶校区奠基，并指示设立医学院及其附属教学医院。

• The founding deans of the College of Sharia established the teaching of Islamic law in Mecca in the 1950s and 1960s and set the university's scholarly direction.伊斯兰法学院建院初期的历任院长在 1950 至 1960 年代奠定了麦加的伊斯兰法教学，并确立了该校的学术方向。

• Its Islamic studies colleges have trained generations of Saudi judges, teachers of Islamic law, preachers and imams of mosques across the kingdom.其伊斯兰研究各院培养了王国内一代又一代伊斯兰法法官、伊斯兰法教师、宣教者与清真寺教长。

• Graduates of the College of Sharia have served in the kingdom's judiciary, including the Sharia courts and the Board of Grievances.伊斯兰法学院的毕业生供职于王国的司法系统，包括伊斯兰教法法院与申诉委员会。

• The College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture has supplied engineers to Saudi utilities, oil companies and construction firms working on Mecca's expansion.工程与伊斯兰建筑学院为沙特的公用事业单位、石油公司与参与麦加扩建的施工企业输送工程师。

• The university has not produced a Nobel laureate, and its academic standing rests on Islamic scholarship, medicine and engineering rather than on international prizes.该校尚未产生诺贝尔奖得主，其学术声誉依托伊斯兰学术、医学与工程，而非国际大奖。

• Doctors trained in its College of Medicine staff hospitals in Mecca and Jeddah, and some remain in the university's own teaching hospital as clinicians and teachers.其医学院培养的医生供职于麦加与吉达的医院，部分人留在本校附属医院担任临床医生与教师。

• Graduates of the College of Computers and Information Systems have entered the kingdom's public-sector technology bodies and telecommunications organisations.计算与信息系统学院的毕业生进入了王国的公共部门技术机构与电信组织。

• The College of Arabic Language has produced teachers of Arabic who work in Saudi schools and in language centres for non-native speakers abroad.阿拉伯语学院培养的阿拉伯语教师，在沙特各校以及海外面向非母语者的语言中心任教。

• Some alumni combine religious and secular training and serve in the Saudi diplomatic service and in international Islamic organisations.部分校友兼具宗教与世俗学术训练，任职于沙特外交机构与国际伊斯兰组织。