The University of Tokyo

The University of Tokyo is a public research university in Tokyo, Japan and was founded in 1877 as the first national university of modern Japan.东京大学是日本东京的一所公立研究型大学，于 1877 年创立，是近代日本第一所国立大学。

It was formed by merging the Tokyo Kaisei School and the Tokyo Medical School and today comprises ten faculties and fifteen graduate schools.该校由东京开成学校与东京医学校合并而成，如今设有十个学部与十五个研究生院。

The university operates three core campuses at Hongo, Komaba and Kashiwa and counts nine Nobel Laureates among its alumni and faculty.该校在东京的本乡、驹场与柏设有三个核心校区，其校友与教职员中共有九位诺贝尔奖得主。

History

• The University of Tokyo was established in 1877 through the merger of the Tokyo Kaisei School and the Tokyo Medical School into four faculties of Law, Science, Letters and Medicine, making it Japan's first modern national university.1877 年，东京开成学校与东京医学校合并，设立法学、理学、文学与医学四个学部，由此创立东京大学，成为日本第一所近代国立大学。
• In 1886 the institution was reorganised under the Imperial University Ordinance and renamed the Imperial University of Japan, becoming the country's first imperial university.1886 年，该校依《帝国大学令》改组，更名为帝国大学，成为日本第一所帝国大学。
• In 1897, when Kyoto Imperial University was founded, the institution was renamed Tokyo Imperial University to distinguish it from the new university.1897 年，京都帝国大学创立后，为与之区分，该校改名为东京帝国大学。
• From its beginning the university comprised the four founding faculties of Law, Science, Letters and Medicine, together with a university preparatory school, and it was the first institution in Japan to unite Western-style faculties within a single national university.建校之初，该校便由法学、理学、文学、医学四个创校学部以及一所大学预备学校组成，也是日本第一所将西式学部集中于同一所国立大学之内的学府。
• In 1922 the university adopted revised degree regulations that clarified its authority to confer doctorates through submitted theses, and by the 1930s it had become the country's leading centre for scientific research.1922 年，该校采用修订后的学位规程，明确了以提交论文授予博士学位的权限，到 1930 年代已成为日本顶尖的科研中心。
• After the Second World War the institution was renamed the University of Tokyo in 1947, shedding its imperial designation.第二次世界大战后，该校于 1947 年更名为东京大学，去掉了帝国大学的称号。
• In 1949 the university was reorganised under Japan's new school system, integrating former preparatory and higher schools.1949 年，该校依日本新学制改组，整合了原有的预备学校与高等学校。
• The University of Tokyo became a National University Corporation in 2004 under the national university reform that granted greater autonomy.2004 年，在赋予更大自治权的国立大学改革中，东京大学改制为国立大学法人。
• In 2015 Professor Takaaki Kajita of the university was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of neutrino oscillations.2015 年，该校教授梶田隆章因发现中微子振荡而荣获诺贝尔物理学奖。
• In 2016 Honorary Professor Yoshinori Ohsumi received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on autophagy.2016 年，名誉教授大隅良典因自噬作用研究荣获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
• Professor Masatoshi Koshiba was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2002 for the detection of cosmic neutrinos.2002 年，教授小柴昌俊因探测宇宙微中子而获诺贝尔物理学奖。
• The university will celebrate its 150th anniversary in 2027, marking fifteen decades since its 1877 foundation.该校将于 2027 年迎来建校一百五十周年，距 1877 年创校已历十五个十年。
• The Hongo campus grew around the former grounds of the Kaga Domain and the main campus building dates from the early twentieth century.本乡校区以加贺藩旧址为中心发展起来，其主楼建于二十世纪初期。
• The Komaba campus became home to the College of Arts and Sciences, which provides the first two years of liberal arts education.驹场校区是教养学部的所在地，承担入学最初两年的博雅教育。
• The Kashiwa campus, opened in the early 2000s, hosts frontier research institutes in the natural and mathematical sciences.柏校区于二十一世纪初启用，设有自然科学与数理科学领域的前沿研究机构。
• The university established its Beijing office in 2006 to deepen academic exchange with institutions in China.2006 年，该校设立北京办事处，以深化与中国的学术交流。
• Throughout the twentieth century the university educated generations of leaders who shaped modern Japan's government, industry, law, medicine and culture, including many prime ministers, senior officials and founders of companies.在整个二十世纪，该校培养了塑造日本现代政府、产业、法律、医学与文化的数代领袖，其中包括众多首相、高级官员与企业创办人。
• The post-war reforms strengthened graduate education and the university expanded its institutes for advanced research, adding the Institute of Industrial Science and the Institute of Medical Science to its research base.战后改革强化了研究生教育，该校也扩展了从事尖端研究的研究所，为研究体系增添了生产技术研究所与医科学研究所。
• The institution has preserved the traditions of the old imperial universities while embracing internationalisation, and it now offers a large number of English-taught programmes to attract students from abroad.该校在保留旧帝国大学传统的同时拥抱国际化，如今开设大量英语授课项目以吸引海外学生。
• The university's archives, museums and the Koishikawa Botanical Garden, founded in 1684, safeguard the material and natural heritage of Japan's oldest national university.该校的档案馆、博物馆与小石川植物园守护着日本最古老国立大学的物质与自然遗产，其中植物园可追溯至 1684 年。
• Tokyo's metropolitan setting has shaped a campus life closely tied to the cultural and political heart of Japan, with ministries, museums, publishers and corporate headquarters within easy reach.身处东京都心的地理位置，使该校的校园生活与日本的文化及政治中心紧密相连，各部委、博物馆、出版社与企业总部近在咫尺。
• The university traces part of its ancestry to the Tenmonkata, or Astronomy Agency, founded by the Tokugawa shogunate in 1684, whose scholars later helped establish modern Japanese science.该校的部分渊源可追溯至 1684 年德川幕府设立的天文方，其学者后来协助奠定了近代日本的科学基础。
• In 1877 the new university opened with four faculties and a preparatory school, and by the early twentieth century it had become the training ground for Japan's civil service and imperial bureaucracy.1877 年新大学以四个学部与一所预备学校开办，到二十世纪初已成为日本文官与帝国官僚体系的培养基地。

Academics

• The University of Tokyo is organised into ten faculties, including the faculties of Law, Medicine, Engineering, Science and Letters.东京大学由十个学部组成，包括法学、医学、工学、理学与文学等学部。
• Fifteen graduate schools cover the humanities, social sciences, education, law, economics, sciences, medicine, engineering, agricultural and pharmaceutical studies.十五个研究生院涵盖人文、社会科学、教育、法学、经济学、理学、医学、工学、农学与药学等领域。
• The university maintains eleven attached research institutes and fourteen university research centres alongside three special institutes.该校设有十一个附属研究所、十四个大学研究中心以及三个特别研究所。
• The College of Arts and Sciences at Komaba provides a two-year liberal arts programme before students enter their specialised faculties, an arrangement distinctive among Japanese universities.位于驹场的教养学部在学部专业分流前，提供为期两年的博雅教育课程，这一安排在日本的大学中颇具特色。
• As of March 2025 the university reported 638 start-up companies founded by its community, reflecting strong entrepreneurial output.截至 2025 年 3 月，该校社群已创立 638 家初创企业，显示出强劲的创业产出。
• The University of Tokyo Hospital is a major teaching hospital attached to the Faculty of Medicine in the Hongo area.东京大学医院是医学部附属医院，位于本乡地区，是重要的教学医院。
• The university is a member of the International Alliance of Research Universities and the Association of East Asian Research Universities, and it holds a large number of international research agreements.该校是国际研究型大学联盟与东亚研究型大学协会的成员，并缔结了大量国际研究合作协议。
• It is designated as a Top Type national university corporation under Japan's scheme for world-class research universities, a status that brings additional government funding for research.在日本建设世界一流研究型大学的框架下，该校被指定为最高级别的国立大学法人，这一身份为其研究带来额外的政府拨款。
• The library system is centred on the General Library at Hongo and holds vast collections in Japanese and many other languages, serving students and researchers across every faculty.该校的图书馆系统以本乡总图书馆为中心，收藏了海量日文及多种外文书刊，服务于各学部的学生与研究者。
• The university emphasises graduate education and research, with a large share of its students enrolled in master's and doctoral programmes, and it trains many of Japan's future professors and researchers.该校重视研究生教育与研究，硕士与博士课程在学学生的占比较高，并为日本培养了大量未来的教授与研究者。
• Interdisciplinary initiatives such as the Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe and the Institute for Advanced Study promote frontier collaboration across traditional disciplines.诸如卡弗里宇宙物理与数学研究所与高等研究院等跨学科机构，推动着跨越传统学科的前沿合作。
• The university maintains extensive exchange with institutions in the United States, China and South Korea, and it keeps a Beijing office, opened in 2006, to deepen academic cooperation.该校与美国、中国及韩国的机构在研究与学生流动方面保持广泛交流，并于 2006 年设立北京办事处以深化合作。
• Its faculties of science and engineering are among the largest and most productive in Japan by research output, and they operate several world-leading laboratories in physics and materials science.该校的理学与工学学部在科研产出上位居日本规模最大、最丰硕者之列，并运营若干在物理与材料科学领域世界领先的实验室。
• The university offers bilingual and English-taught programmes to attract international students to its graduate schools, and it hosts thousands of students from more than one hundred countries.该校提供双语及英语授课项目，以吸引国际学生进入其研究生院，并接纳来自一百多个国家的数千名学生。
• Admission to the university is highly selective and based on a rigorous entrance examination, and its graduates dominate leadership roles in Japanese government, business, medicine and academia.该校入学选拔极为严格，以严格的入学考试为依据，其毕业生在日本政府、商界、医学与学术界占据主导性的领导岗位。
• Tokyo is organised into ten faculties and fifteen graduate schools, supported by eleven attached research institutes and several university-wide research centres.东京大学设有十个学部和十五个研究生院，并有十一个附属研究所与若干全校性研究中心提供支撑。
• Its institutes include the Institute of Medical Science, the Earthquake Research Institute, the Institute of Industrial Science and the Institute for Solid State Physics.其研究所包括医科学研究所、地震研究所、生产技术研究所与物性研究所。
• The Institute for Cosmic Ray Research operates the Super-Kamiokande neutrino observatory, a facility central to the Nobel-winning work on neutrino oscillations.宇宙线研究所运营超级神冈中微子观测站，这一设施对获诺贝尔奖的中微子振荡研究至关重要。
• The Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, known as Kavli IPMU, pursues research at the intersection of cosmology, mathematics and particle physics.卡弗里宇宙物理与数学研究所（Kavli IPMU）在宇宙学、数学与粒子物理的交叉领域开展研究。
• The General Library at Hongo anchors a library system holding more than nine million volumes across the university's campuses.本乡的总图书馆统领着藏书逾九百万册、遍布各校区的图书馆系统。

Campus

• The Hongo campus is the historic main campus in central Tokyo, centred on the red-brick Yasuda Auditorium and the General Library, and it houses the faculties of law, medicine, engineering and letters.本乡校区是位于东京市中心的历史主校区，以红砖的安田讲堂与本乡总图书馆为中心，设有法学、医学、工学与文学等学部。
• The Komaba campus in Meguro ward houses the College of Arts and Sciences, which provides the first two years of liberal arts education, and several graduate schools for frontier sciences.位于目黑区的驹场校区，设有承担本科前两年博雅教育的教养学部，以及若干从事前沿科学的研究生院。
• The Kashiwa campus in Chiba Prefecture is devoted to advanced research in the natural, mathematical and engineering sciences.位于千叶县的柏校区，专门从事自然科学、数理科学与工程科学的前沿研究。
• The main campus coordinates are approximately 35.6895 degrees north and 139.69171 degrees east, in the Bunkyo ward of Tokyo.主校区坐标约为北纬 35.6895 度、东经 139.69171 度，位于东京文京区。
• The historic Akamon, or Red Gate, is a surviving symbol of the former Kaga Domain and a beloved landmark of the university.历史悠久的赤门（红门）是前加贺藩的遗存象征，也是该校深受喜爱的地标。
• The ginkgo avenue on the Hongo campus is famous for its golden canopy in late autumn, and it becomes a gathering place during the university's annual festival.本乡校区的银杏大道以深秋时节的金色树冠闻名，也是该校年度庆典期间的聚集场所。
• The Sanshiro Pond beside the Hongo campus is a tranquil landscape feature named after the novelist Natsume Soseki's novel.本乡校区旁的三四郎池是一处静谧的景观水池，其名源自小说家夏目漱石的作品。
• Student residences, athletics facilities and the agricultural experimental farm are distributed across the three core campuses, with dormitories provided for both Japanese and international students.学生宿舍、体育设施与农业实验农场分布于三个核心校区之中，校方为日本与国际学生均提供住宿。
• The Yasuda Auditorium, a red-brick landmark completed in 1925, is the ceremonial heart of the Hongo campus and has hosted many historic meetings of the university.红砖建筑安田讲堂于 1925 年落成，是本乡校区的典礼中心，曾举办多场具有历史意义的大学集会。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 the University of Tokyo placed 39th in the world and first in Japan.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，东京大学位列全球第 39 位，居日本第一。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 placed the university 27th in the world.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将该校列为全球第 27 位。
• In the Academic Ranking of World Universities of 2026 the university was placed 30th in the world.在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中，该校位居全球第 30 位。
• The U.S. News Best Global Universities ranking for 2026 to 2027 placed the University of Tokyo 72nd in the world.2026 至 2027 年版美国新闻与世界报道最佳全球大学排名将东京大学列为全球第 72 位。
• Nine people affiliated with the university have been awarded the Nobel Prize, including laureates in physics, chemistry and medicine.与该校相关的九人曾荣获诺贝尔奖，涵盖物理、化学与医学等领域。
• The OpenAlex database attributes 601,075 works to the university with 51,144,460 citations, the largest in Japan.OpenAlex 数据库为东京大学收录 601,075 篇学术成果，被引 51,144,460 次，规模为日本之最。
• The university has produced sixteen prime ministers of Japan and numerous leaders in business, law and culture.该校培养了十六位日本首相以及众多工商、法律与文化领域的领袖。
• UTokyo consistently ranks at or near the top of every major national university ranking in Japan, and it is the country's most selective institution for undergraduate admission.东京大学在日本的各项主要大学排名中始终位居首位或接近首位，也是全国本科入学选拔最为严格的学府。
• Its faculties of science, engineering and medicine are regularly placed among the strongest in the Asia Pacific region, and its research output leads Japan in citation impact.该校的理学、工学与医学等学部常年位居亚太地区最强之列，其科研产出在被引影响力上领先日本。
• Ten people affiliated with the University of Tokyo have won the Nobel Prize, spanning physics, chemistry, literature and peace, and the university ranks first in Japan for research output.与东京大学相关的十人曾获诺贝尔奖，涵盖物理、化学、文学与和平等领域，该校的科研产出在日本位居第一。
• The mathematician Kunihiko Kodaira, a graduate of the university, won the Fields Medal in 1954, and three of its alumni have won the Pritzker Architecture Prize.该校毕业生、数学家小平邦彦于 1954 年荣获菲尔兹奖，其校友中还有三人获得普利兹克建筑奖。

Student life

• The university does not have a single formal motto, but its guiding principle emphasises quality of education and research over mere scale.该校并无单一正式校训，但其办学理念强调教育与研究的质量重于规模。
• The May Festival at Hongo and the Komaba Festival are major student-run events that draw large crowds of visitors and showcase hundreds of student organisations.本乡的五月祭与驹场校区祭是大型学生自主活动，吸引众多参观者并展示数百个学生组织。
• The ginkgo festival at the Hongo campus each November celebrates the golden avenue with performances, food stalls and club activities organised by students.本乡校区每年十一月的银杏祭，以金色大道为背景举办由学生组织的演出、小吃摊与社团活动。
• Students organise hundreds of circles in sports, music, theatre, volunteering and academic pursuit, and club activity is a central part of campus life on all three campuses.学生在各校区组织数百个社团，涵盖体育、音乐、戏剧、志愿服务与学术研究等领域，社团活动是三个校区校园生活的核心组成部分。
• The university promotes residential and liberal arts education at Komaba during the first two undergraduate years, where students live and study together in a self-contained community.该校在本科前两年于驹场推行住宿制与博雅教育，学生在那里于一个自成一体的小社区中共同学习与生活。
• UTokyo Compass, issued in 2020, sets out the university's mission of contributing to society through free inquiry and dialogue across national and disciplinary boundaries.2020 年发布的《东京大学愿景》阐明了该校通过自由探究以及跨越国界与学科界限的对话来贡献社会的使命。
• The Sanshiro Pond, the wooded Hongo grounds and the historic Akamon, or Red Gate, offer quiet spaces and symbols of continuity within busy central Tokyo.三四郎池、林木葱郁的本乡校园与历史悠久的赤门，在繁忙的东京市中心提供静思之地与延续性的象征。
• The university supports a large body of international students and runs exchange programmes with leading universities worldwide, and its alumni include the late King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand.该校支持庞大的国际学生群体，并与全球顶尖大学开展交换项目，其校友包括已故泰国国王普密蓬·阿杜德。

Notable people

• The Tokyo Kaisei School and Tokyo Medical School, merged in 1877, were the institutional antecedents of the university.1877 年合并的东京开成学校与东京医学校，是该校的制度前身。
• Takaaki Kajita, a professor at the university, was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of neutrino oscillations.该校教授梶田隆章因发现中微子振荡，获 2015 年诺贝尔物理学奖。
• Yoshinori Ohsumi, an Honorary Professor, was awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on autophagy.名誉教授大隅良典因自噬作用研究，获 2016 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
• Masatoshi Koshiba, a professor at the university, was awarded the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physics for the detection of cosmic neutrinos.该校教授小柴昌俊因探测宇宙微中子，获 2002 年诺贝尔物理学奖。
• Yasunari Kawabata, a graduate of the university, was awarded the 1968 Nobel Prize in Literature for his novels.该校毕业生川端康成因其小说创作荣获 1968 年诺贝尔文学奖。
• Kenzaburo Oe, a graduate of the university, was awarded the 1994 Nobel Prize in Literature for his influential fiction.该校毕业生大江健三郎因其具影响力的小说荣获 1994 年诺贝尔文学奖。
• Natsume Soseki, the novelist and a one-time instructor at the university, is one of modern Japan's most celebrated writers.曾在该校任讲师的小说家夏目漱石，是日本现代最受推崇的作家之一。
• Numerous alumni have served as Prime Minister of Japan, including several leaders who guided the country through the twentieth century.众多校友曾出任日本首相，其中包括若干位引领该国走过二十世纪的政治领袖。
• Seven graduates of the university have trained as astronauts, a record among Japanese universities.该校有七位毕业生接受过宇航员训练，在日本各大学中居首。
• Masayoshi Son, the founder of SoftBank, and Hiroshi Mikitani, the founder of Rakuten, are both graduates of the university.软银创始人孙正义与乐天创始人三木谷浩史，均为该校毕业生。
• Hideki Yukawa, a professor at the university, became Japan's first Nobel laureate when he received the 1949 Nobel Prize in Physics for predicting the existence of mesons.该校教授汤川秀树因预言介子的存在而获 1949 年诺贝尔物理学奖，成为日本首位诺贝尔奖得主。