Technische Universität Dresden

Technische Universität Dresden, officially using the English name TUD Dresden University of Technology and commonly shortened to TUD, is a public research university in Dresden, the capital of the Free State of Saxony in eastern Germany, founded in 1828.德累斯顿工业大学（Technische Universität Dresden，国际通用英文名 TUD Dresden University of Technology，简称 TUD）是位于德国东部萨克森自由州首府德累斯顿的公立研究型大学，创办于 1828 年。

It is the largest university in Saxony and one of the ten largest in Germany, has held the title of University of Excellence since 2012, and is placed joint 185th in the 2027 QS World University Rankings.学校是萨克森州最大的大学，也是德国最大的十所大学之一，2012 年起获评「精英大学」，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中并列第 185。

History

• The institution was founded on 1 May 1828 as the Technical Educational Institute (Technische Bildungsanstalt) during the early phase of industrialisation, to train technical specialists in mechanics, mechanical engineering and shipbuilding.学校的前身是 1828 年 5 月 1 日创立的技术教育学院（Technische Bildungsanstalt），创办于工业化早期，旨在培养机械学、机械工程与造船领域的技术专门人才。

• When the German Empire was proclaimed in 1871, the school was renamed the Royal Saxon Polytechnic Institute (Königlich-Sächsisches Polytechnikum), and subjects such as history and languages, unrelated to technology, were introduced.1871 年德意志帝国成立之际，学校改名萨克森皇家理工学院（Königlich-Sächsisches Polytechnikum），并引入历史、语言等与技术无直接联系的学科。

• The engineer Gustav Zeuner, regarded as a founder of engineering thermodynamics, directed the Dresden Polytechnic from 1873 to 1890 and led its development into an institution covering all branches of knowledge.工程师、工程热力学奠基人之一的 Gustav Zeuner 于 1873 至 1890 年执掌德累斯顿理工学院，任内推动学校发展为覆盖全部学科门类的高等学府。

• In 1890 it was raised to the Royal Saxon Technical College (Königlich Sächsische Technische Hochschule), and Ernst Hartig became its first elected rector.1890 年学校升格为萨克森皇家工业大学（Königlich Sächsische Technische Hochschule），Ernst Hartig 出任首任选举产生的校长。

• In 1900 the college was granted the right to award doctoral and honorary degrees, and the industrialist Friedrich Siemens became its first honorary doctorate.1900 年学校获得博士学位与荣誉博士学位授予权，工业家 Friedrich Siemens 成为首位荣誉博士。

• New buildings extended the campus in the following decades: the mechanical department complex in the Südvorstadt in 1905 and the civil engineering building on Sedanplatz, today Fritz-Foerster-Platz, in 1913.此后数十年校园不断扩建：1905 年在南郊（Südvorstadt）建成机械系楼群，1913 年在 Sedan 广场（今 Fritz-Foerster 广场）落成土木工程系馆。

• The Forestry College in Tharandt, whose history reached back to the Royal Saxon Academy of Forestry of 1816, was integrated as a department of the technical college in 1929.1929 年，历史可追溯至 1816 年萨克森皇家林学院的 Tharandt 林学院并入工业大学，成为其下属的一个部门。

• Under Nazi rule the university community was persecuted: on 10 May 1933 books by Jewish authors and other politically undesirable writers were burned at the Bismarck Column on the Räcknitzhöhe, and professors including Victor Klemperer, Harry Dember, Richard von Mises and Paul Tillich were dismissed or forced to emigrate.纳粹统治时期学校社群遭受迫害：1933 年 5 月 10 日，犹太作家与政治异见者的书籍在 Räcknitz 高地的俾斯麦纪念柱下被焚烧，Victor Klemperer、Harry Dember、「Richard von Mises」与 Paul Tillich 等教授遭解职或被迫流亡。

• The buildings were almost completely destroyed in the air raid of 13 February 1945, and after the Second World War the university lay in the Soviet occupation zone and later in the German Democratic Republic.1945 年 2 月 13 日的空袭几乎将校舍全部摧毁，第二次世界大战后学校先处于苏联占领区，后属德意志民主共和国。

• In 1961 the Technical College of Dresden was granted the status of a technical university and its present name, Technische Universität Dresden, with 10,741 students enrolled at the time.1961 年德累斯顿工学院获授工业大学地位并改用现名德累斯顿工业大学（Technische Universität Dresden），当时在校学生为 10741 人。

• The third university reform in the GDR in 1968 abolished the traditional institutes and created twenty-two sections under stronger political influence.1968 年民主德国第三次高校改革废除传统研究所建制，在更强的政治干预下设立 22 个部门。

• The Dresden Engineering University (Ingenieurhochschule Dresden) was merged into the university in 1986, and its traditions later fed the development of the Faculty of Computer Science.1986 年德累斯顿工程学院（Ingenieurhochschule Dresden）并入学校，其传统后来助力计算机科学学院的发展。

• After German reunification in 1990 the university was comprehensively restructured, adding or reorganising faculties of computer science, law, education, economics and business management, transport and traffic sciences, medicine, civil engineering and architecture, integrating parts of the Friedrich List College of Transport and Communications and reincorporating the forestry college at Tharandt.1990 年两德统一后学校进行全面重组，新设或改组计算机科学、法学、教育、经济与企业管理、交通科学、医学、土木工程与建筑等学院，并入弗里德里希·李斯特交通与通信学院的部分建制，并重新合并 Tharandt 林学院。

• The faculties of computer science and law were founded in 1991, and those of education and economics in 1993, completing the expansion beyond the engineering core.计算机科学学院与法学院于 1991 年成立，教育学院与经济学院于 1993 年成立，学校由此完成由工科核心向综合学科的拓展。

• In 2009 the university joined the Max Planck, Fraunhofer, Helmholtz and Leibniz institutes of Dresden in the DRESDEN-concept alliance, coordinating research priorities, graduate education and scientific infrastructure.2009 年学校与同在德累斯顿的马普、弗劳恩霍夫、亥姆霍兹与莱布尼茨研究所结成 DRESDEN-concept 联盟，统筹科研优先方向、研究生教育与科研基础设施。

• In 2012 the university was selected as one of Germany's Universities of Excellence in the second round of the federal Excellence Initiative.2012 年学校在联邦政府第二轮精英大学计划中入选德国「精英大学」。

• It was confirmed as a University of Excellence in the third round of the Excellence Strategy in 2019 and again in 2026.2019 年学校在第三轮卓越战略评选中再度获评「精英大学」，2026 年又一次获得确认。

• In 2023 the university adopted TUD Dresden University of Technology as its full English name for international presentation.2023 年学校确定以 TUD Dresden University of Technology 作为面向国际场合的完整英文校名。

• Under the Excellence Strategy five Clusters of Excellence have been funded at the university since January 2026: CeTI, ctd.qmat, PoL, CARE and REC².自 2026 年 1 月起，学校在卓越战略下拥有五个卓越集群：CeTI、ctd.qmat、PoL、CARE 与 REC²。

• Ursula M. Staudinger, a psychologist who had led the Columbia Aging Center, has served as rector since 2020 and took over the presidency of the TU9 alliance in October 2026.心理学家 Ursula M. Staudinger 曾任哥伦比亚大学老龄化中心主任，2020 年起出任校长，并于 2026 年 10 月接任 TU9 联盟主席。

Academics

• As of 2024 the university runs seventeen faculties grouped into five schools: science, engineering sciences, civil and environmental engineering, humanities and social sciences, and medicine.截至 2024 年，学校设有 17 个学院，分属理学、工学、土木与环境工程、人文与社会科学、医学五个学部。

• The School of Science comprises the faculties of biology, chemistry and food chemistry, mathematics, physics and psychology, all on the main campus.理学部由生物、化学与食品化学、数学、物理与心理五个学院组成，均设在主校区。

• The School of Engineering Sciences, the second largest, covers computer engineering, computer sciences, and mechanical sciences and engineering, and lies at the heart of the region known as Silicon Saxony.工学部位列第二，涵盖计算机工程、计算机科学与机械科学与工程三个学院，地处「萨克森硅谷」（Silicon Saxony）的核心地带。

• The School of Civil and Environmental Engineering is the largest and includes the faculties of architecture and landscape, civil engineering, environmental sciences, the Friedrich List Faculty of Transportation and Traffic Science, and business and economics.土木与环境工程学部规模最大，下设建筑与景观、土木工程、环境科学、弗里德里希·李斯特交通与交通科学以及经济与商业管理五个学院。

• The School of Humanities and Social Sciences comprises the faculties of education, arts, humanities and social science, and linguistics, literature and cultural studies.人文与社会学部由教育、艺术人文与社会科学、语言文学与文化三个学院组成。

• The Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine has its own campus near the Elbe and maintains a partnership with Harvard Medical International.Carl Gustav Carus 医学院在易北河畔拥有独立校区，并与 Harvard Medical International 保持伙伴关系。

• In the 2024/25 academic year the university offered 119 degree programs, of which 49 were undergraduate and 70 graduate, with Diplom, Bachelor's, Master's and State Examination degrees on offer.2024/25 学年学校开设 119 个学位项目，其中本科 49 个、研究生 70 个，可获 Diplom、学士、硕士与国家考试等学位。

• Its official facts page counts 121 degree programs, 28 of them taught in English and 26 run as double degree programs.学校官方数据页列有 121 个学位项目，其中 28 个以英语授课，26 个为双学位项目。

• About 29,000 students were enrolled in 2024, around 21 per cent of them international students from 128 countries.2024 年在校学生约 29000 人，其中国际学生约占 21%，来自 128 个国家。

• By school, 26.6 per cent studied civil and environmental engineering, 22.7 per cent engineering sciences, 13.3 per cent teacher training, 12.8 per cent science, 12 per cent medicine and 9.7 per cent humanities and social sciences.按学部分布，土木与环境工程占 26.6%，工学占 22.7%，师范培训占 13.3%，理学占 12.8%，医学占 12%，人文与社会科学占 9.7%。

• The university reports 8,400 employees, 5,500 of them academic staff, of whom 38 per cent were women and 25 per cent international researchers, while 3,600 were funded by third parties.学校报告雇员总数为 8400 人，其中学术人员 5500 人，女性占 38%，国际研究人员占 25%，由第三方经费资助者达 3600 人。

• Central academic units include the Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), the Center for Interdisciplinary Digital Sciences (CIDS), the Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB) and the Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC).学校核心学术单元包括德累斯顿电子推进中心（cfaed）、跨学科数字科学中心（CIDS）、分子与细胞生物工程中心（CMCB）与生物技术中心（BIOTEC）。

• CIDS houses NHR@TUD, one of Germany's nine national high performance computing centers, and ScaDS.AI Dresden/Leipzig, one of seven national competence centers for scalable data analytics and artificial intelligence.CIDS 下设德国九个国家高性能计算中心之一的 NHR@TUD，以及德国七个可扩展数据分析与人工智能国家能力中心之一的 ScaDS.AI Dresden/Leipzig。

• Through the DRESDEN-concept alliance the university works with five full Fraunhofer institutes and six branches, the Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, the Max Planck institutes of molecular cell biology and of chemical physics of solids, three institutes of the Leibniz Association including the Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, and the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf with its high magnetic field laboratory and the ELBE synchrotron.借助 DRESDEN-concept 联盟，学校与弗劳恩霍夫协会的五个研究所及六个分支、马普复杂系统物理研究所、马普分子细胞生物学与遗传学研究所和固体化学物理研究所、莱布尼茨协会的三个研究所（含固体与材料研究所），以及拥有强磁场实验室与 ELBE 同步辐射装置的 Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 开展合作。

• The university's total budget reached EUR 924 million in 2025, of which EUR 371 million, or 40 per cent, came from third-party funding, making it the third strongest German university in third-party funding according to Destatis.2025 年学校总预算达 9.24 亿欧元，其中第三方经费 3.71 亿欧元、占 40%，据德国联邦统计局数据为德国第三方经费第三强的高校。

• The 2025 DFG Funding Atlas ranks the university first in Germany in electrical engineering and neuropsychology, second in civil engineering, third in solid state chemistry and condensed matter physics, and fourth in computer science.2025 年德国科研协会经费图谱显示，学校在电气工程与神经心理学位列德国第一，土木工程第二，固体化学与凝聚态物理第三，计算机科学第四。

• The university registers more patents than any other German university, with 100 patent registrations in 2025, and its TUD|excite transfer project supports about twenty spin-offs each year.学校的专利注册数量超过任何其他德国大学，2025 年注册专利 100 项，其成果转化项目（TUD|excite）每年支持约二十家衍生企业。

Campus

• The main campus lies just south of Dresden's city centre, largely within the area bounded by Nöthnitzer Straße, Fritz-Förster-Platz and Münchner Platz, where some buildings are more than a hundred years old.主校区位于德累斯顿市中心以南，大致以 Nöthnitzer 街、Fritz-Förster 广场与 Münchner 广场为界，区内部分建筑已有一百多年历史。

• The older buildings follow art nouveau or Bauhaus models, the chemistry building Fritz-Foerster-Bau among them, while recent decades added the library, the main auditorium, the biochemistry department and the life sciences building.老建筑多受新艺术风格或包豪斯流派影响，化学楼 Fritz-Foerster-Bau 即其中代表，近几十年又增建了图书馆、主讲堂、生物化学系与生命科学楼。

• The medical faculty occupies its own campus in the Johannstadt district east of the centre near the Elbe, and the faculty of forestry resides in a forest area in the nearby town of Tharandt.医学院在市中心以东、易北河畔的 Johannstadt 区拥有独立校区，林学院则设在附近 Tharandt 镇的林区。

• The Saxon State and University Library Dresden (SLUB) serves as the university library, with six branches on campus and a makerspace, and ranks among Germany's largest scientific libraries.萨克森州立与大学图书馆（SLUB）充任学校图书馆，在校园内设有六个分馆并配有创客空间，为德国最大的科学图书馆之一。

• The university's botanical garden and the historic Forstbotanischer Garten Tharandt arboretum are open to the public and used for teaching and research.学校植物园与 Tharandt 历史树木园（Forstbotanischer Garten Tharandt）向公众开放，并用于教学与研究。

• Student accommodation is provided on and off campus by the Studentenwerk Dresden at 230 to 500 euros a month, and the union runs eleven canteens and seven cafeterias.学生宿舍由德累斯顿学生联合会（Studentenwerk Dresden）在校内外提供，月租 230 至 500 欧元，该联合会还运营十一座食堂与七间咖啡馆。

• The semester contribution of about 350 euros includes a semester ticket that covers buses, trams and trains across greater Dresden, linking the campus sites in Johannstadt, Tharandt and Zittau.每学期约 350 欧元的学期杂费包含学期票，可乘大德累斯顿地区范围内的公交、有轨电车与火车，连接 Johannstadt、Tharandt 与 Zittau 等校区。

• Located at 51.05 degrees north and 13.74 degrees east, the campus sits in a city on the Elbe that lies about thirty kilometres from the Czech border and some two hundred kilometres north of Berlin.校区位于北纬 51.05 度、东经 13.74 度，所在的德累斯顿城坐落在易北河畔，距捷克边境约三十公里，距柏林约二百公里。

Reputation

• Technische Universität Dresden is placed joint 185th in the 2027 QS World University Rankings, joint 168th in the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings and in the 151-200 band of the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities.德累斯顿工业大学在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中并列第 185，在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中并列第 168，在 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名中处于 151 至 200 区间。

• The 2026 editions of the same three rankings had placed it 218th in QS, 174th in THE and in the 201-300 band of ARWU, with national ranks of 13th, 16th and 12th to 21st respectively.在 2026 年版的同一三项榜单中，学校分列 QS 第 218、THE 第 174 与 ARWU 201 至 300 区间，德国国内排名分别为第 13、第 16 与第 12 至 21。

• In subject terms the 2019 QS engineering and technology ranking placed the university 113th worldwide and fifth in Germany, while the Times Higher Education engineering ranking of the same year placed it 90th.学科方面，2019 年 QS 工程与技术排名将学校列为世界第 113、德国第 5，同年泰晤士高等教育工程学排名则列第 90。

• OpenAlex records 143,980 works by the university that have drawn 11,763,708 citations.OpenAlex 收录学校论文 143980 篇，被引 11763708 次。

• The university has been a University of Excellence since 2012, confirmed in 2019 and 2026, and with five Clusters of Excellence it ranks first among Germany's technical universities.学校自 2012 年起为「精英大学」，2019 与 2026 年两度获得确认，凭借五个卓越集群居德国工业大学之首。

• It stands first worldwide in the 2025 Times Higher Education Impact Ranking for Sustainable Development Goal 9 on industry, innovation and infrastructure.在 2025 年泰晤士高等教育影响力排名中，学校就可持续发展目标 9「产业、创新和基础设施」位列世界第一。

• The German business magazine Wirtschaftswoche ranked the university seventh in Germany in computer science and mechanical engineering and sixth in business informatics and engineering management in 2016.德国《经济周刊》（Wirtschaftswoche）2016 年大学排名将学校的计算机科学和机械工程列为德国第七，企业信息学与工程管理列为第六。

• The records consulted count no Nobel laureate among the university's own professors or alumni, but its honorary doctors include Walter Kohn, the 1998 Nobel laureate in chemistry, honoured in 2002.就现有记载而言，学校自有教授与校友中未见诺贝尔奖得主，但其荣誉博士包括 1998 年诺贝尔化学奖得主 Walter Kohn，他于 2002 年获此荣衔。

• The university is a member of TU9, the alliance of nine leading German technical universities, and of CESAER, TIME, PEGASUS and, since 2021, the EUTOPIA university alliance, with strategic partnerships including King's College London, the Indian Institute of Technology Madras and ETH Zurich.学校是德国九所顶尖工业大学联盟 TU9 的成员，亦是 CESAER、TIME、PEGASUS 的成员，并自 2021 年加入 EUTOPIA 大学联盟，与 King's College London、Indian Institute of Technology Madras 及 ETH Zurich 等建有战略伙伴关系。

Student life

• The university's motto is Die kollaborative Universität, rendered in English as The Collaborative University.学校的校训为「Die kollaborative Universität」，英文表述作「The Collaborative University」，意为「协作型大学」。

• Sports are popular, with 871 courses in more than sixty sports offered at the Dresden University Sports Center.体育活动广受欢迎，德累斯顿大学体育中心开设超过六十个运动项目的 871 门课程。

• With thirteen student clubs the city counts as the unofficial student club capital of Germany, and the summer campus party is considered the largest in the country.德累斯顿拥有十三个学生俱乐部，被视为德国非正式的学生俱乐部之都，校内夏季派对则号称全国规模最大。

• Four major performing arts ensembles are active: the theater group Die Bühne, the folk dance group Folkloretanzensemble Thea-Maass, the university choir and the university orchestra, from which the TU-Kammerphilharmonie chamber ensemble branched off in 1997.学校有四支主要表演艺术团体：戏剧团 Die Bühne、民族舞蹈团 Folkloretanzensemble Thea-Maass、大学合唱团与大学管弦乐团，1997 年从管弦乐团分化出室内乐团 TU-Kammerphilharmonie。

• The Erasmus-Initiative TU Dresden organises group activities open to all students, while the student-run LinkPartnerProgramm matches every interested international student with a German partner for the first weeks.Erasmus-Initiative TU Dresden 组织面向全体学生的团体活动，学生自发的 LinkPartnerProgramm 则为每位有意愿的国际学生配一名德国伙伴，协助度过入学头几周。

• International students, about 21 per cent of the student body in 2024, can choose from 28 English-language degree programs, and many prepare for admission at the university-affiliated TUDIAS language school.2024 年国际学生约占学生总数的 21%，可选修 28 个英语授课学位项目，许多留学生在学校附属的 TUDIAS 语言学校完成入学前语言准备。

• The TUD Alumni Network counts 25,000 members, and the university reports a student to teacher ratio of 21 to 1.TUD 校友网络现有 25000 名成员，学校公布的师生比为 21 比 1。

Notable people

• Gustav Zeuner, the engineer regarded as a founder of engineering thermodynamics, directed the Royal Saxon Polytechnic from 1873 to 1890 and led its rise to a full technical college.工程师、工程热力学奠基人之一的 Gustav Zeuner 于 1873 至 1890 年任萨克森皇家理工学院院长，主导其升格为完整的工业大学。

• Ernst Hartig became the first elected rector of the Royal Saxon Technical College when it was established in 1890.1890 年萨克森皇家工业大学成立时，Ernst Hartig 出任首任选举产生的校长。

• Wilhelm Gotthelf Lohrmann, a cartographer, astronomer and meteorologist, taught at the institution in the first half of the nineteenth century.制图家、天文学家与气象学家 Wilhelm Gotthelf Lohrmann 在 19 世纪上半叶执教于该校。

• Heinrich Barkhausen, professor of communications technology, discovered the Barkhausen jumps, a manifestation of domain wall movement in magnets.通信技术教授 Heinrich Barkhausen 发现了磁畴壁运动所致的巴克豪森跳变现象。

• Victor Klemperer, professor of romance studies from 1920 to 1935, wrote LTI, an analysis of the Nazi language, and detailed diaries of the Nazi period before being dismissed.1920 至 1935 年任罗曼语文学教授的 Victor Klemperer 著有剖析纳粹语言的《LTI》与纳粹时期日记，最终遭解职。

• Günther Landgraf, a physicist, was the first freely elected rector after reunification, serving from 1990 to 1994, and later became an honorary senator.物理学家 Günther Landgraf 是两德统一后首位自由选举产生的校长，1990 至 1994 年在任，后获荣誉参议员称号。

• Reimund Neugebauer, a mechanical engineering alumnus, was designated president of the Fraunhofer Society.机械工程校友 Reimund Neugebauer 获委任为弗劳恩霍夫学会会长。

• Stanislaw Tillich, who studied mechanical engineering, served as Minister-President of Saxony.机械工程专业校友 Stanislaw Tillich 曾任萨克森州州长。

• Katja Kipping, an alumna of the university, chaired the German Left Party.该校校友 Katja Kipping 曾任德国左翼党主席。

• Erik von Frenckell, an engineering alumnus, sat on the International Olympic Committee and served as vice president of FIFA.工学校友「Erik von Frenckell」是国际奥林匹克委员会委员，并曾任国际足联副主席。

• Kwong-Chai Chu (朱光彩), a Chinese hydraulic engineer and graduate of the university, received the award of the Chinese Institute of Engineers in 1947, and the educator Qu Bochuan (屈伯川), who also studied here, became the first president of the Dalian University of Technology.中国水利学家、该校校友 Kwong-Chai Chu（朱光彩）1947 年获中国工程师学会奖励，同样就读于此的教育家屈伯川（Qu Bochuan）后来出任大连理工大学首任校长。

• Honorary doctors include Konrad Zuse, who built the world's first programmable computer and was honoured in 1981, Walter Kohn, the 1998 Nobel laureate in chemistry, in 2002, and the former Czech president Václav Havel in 1995, while Kofi Annan, former Secretary-General of the United Nations, followed in 1999.荣誉博士包括 1981 年获荣衔的世界首台可编程计算机制造者 Konrad Zuse、2002 年获荣衔的 1998 年诺贝尔化学奖得主 Walter Kohn、1995 年获荣衔的捷克前总统 Václav Havel，以及 1999 年获荣衔的联合国前秘书长 Kofi Annan。