Tbilisi State University

Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University (TSU, ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი) is a public research university established on 8 February 1918 in Tbilisi, Georgia.伊万·贾瓦希什维利第比利斯国立大学（TSU）是格鲁吉亚首都第比利斯的一所公立研究型大学，创建于 1918 年 2 月 8 日。

Excluding academies and theological seminaries that have functioned intermittently for centuries, TSU is the oldest university in Georgia and the Caucasus region, founded on the initiative of the historian Ivane Javakhishvili.除数百年来断续存在的书院与神学院外，该校是格鲁吉亚乃至高加索地区最早的大学，由历史学家伊万·贾瓦希什维利倡议创办。

It is the largest university in Georgia, with more than 23,500 students and about 5,000 faculty and staff, and in the 2027 QS World University Rankings it is placed in the 1001-1200 band.该校是格鲁吉亚规模最大的大学，在校学生超过 23,500 人，教职员工约 5,000 人；在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列第 1001-1200 位。

History

• Tbilisi State University was founded on 8 February 1918, during the brief period of Georgian independence, as the first and only institution of its kind in the Caucasus region at that time.第比利斯国立大学创建于 1918 年 2 月 8 日，正值格鲁吉亚短暂的独立时期，是当时高加索地区唯一的高等学府。
• The university opened on 26 January 1918, the day of remembrance of the Georgian king David the Builder.学校于 1918 年 1 月 26 日正式开学，这一天是格鲁吉亚国王大卫四世（建设者大卫）的纪念日。
• Georgia had a tradition of learning from the School of Philosophy and Rhetoric at Phazisi in Colchis in the fourth century and the Gelati and Iqalto academies of the eleventh and twelfth centuries, but under Russian rule no national higher institution existed for centuries.格鲁吉亚有悠久的学术传统，早在公元 4 世纪科尔基斯的法齐斯就有哲学与修辞学校，11 至 12 世纪又建有格拉特与伊卡爾托书院；但在俄国统治下，数百年间没有国立高等学府。
• After Georgia declared itself a national democratic state, one of the first achievements of the Georgian people at the beginning of the twentieth century was the foundation of the Georgian National University in Tbilisi.格鲁吉亚宣布建立民族民主国家后，二十世纪初格鲁吉亚人民的首要成就之一，便是在第比利斯创办格鲁吉亚民族大学。
• The university is housed in the former building of the Georgian Nobility Gymnasium, constructed by the architect Simon Kldiashvili between 1899 and 1906.学校坐落于原格鲁吉亚贵族中学的建筑内，该楼由建筑师西蒙·克爾迪阿什维利在 1899 年至 1906 年间建造。
• The construction and development of the future university building were spearheaded by Niko Tskhvedadze, a founding member of the Society for the Spreading of Literacy among Georgians.这处校舍的建设由格鲁吉亚识字推广协会创始成员尼科·茨赫韦达泽主持，其作用对学校创立至关重要。
• Professor Petre Melikishvili, a chemist, was elected as the first rector of the university in 1918.化学家彼得雷·梅利基什维利教授于 1918 年当选学校首任校长。
• Melikishvili led the university from 1918 until December 1919, when Ivane Javakhishvili took over as rector and served until June 1926.梅利基什维利自 1918 年主持校务至 1919 年 12 月，此后由伊万·贾瓦希什维利接任校长，任职至 1926 年 6 月。
• At its commencement the university had a single faculty, that of philosophy, and Javakhishvili, a historian, delivered the first lecture.建校之初学校仅设一个学院即哲学学院，历史学家贾瓦希什维利讲授了第一堂课。
• At the beginning of 1918 the board of professors and lecturers numbered 18, the student body counted 369 students and there were 89 free listeners.1918 年初，学校的教授与讲师共 18 人，在校学生 369 人，另有 89 名旁听生。
• Elizabeth Orbeliani, who was among the co-founders, became the first woman to teach in the university's history.共同创办人之一的伊丽莎白·奥爾贝利阿尼，成为学校历史上第一位任教的女性。
• The co-founders included the scientists Giorgi Akhvlediani, Shalva Nutsubidze, Dimitri Uznadze, Grigol Tsereteli, Akaki Shanidze, Andrea Razmadze, Korneli Kekelidze, Ioseb Kipshidze and Ekvtime Takaishvili.共同创办人还包括格奥尔基·阿赫夫列迪阿尼、沙爾瓦·努楚比泽、季米特里·乌兹纳泽、格里戈爾·采列捷利、阿卡基·沙尼泽、安德烈亚·拉兹马泽、科爾内利·凯克利泽、伊奥塞布·基普希泽与埃克夫季梅·塔凯什维利等学者。
• A printing press was set up in 1923 and a publishing house in 1933, and the University Archive was founded in 1933.学校于 1923 年设立印刷所，1933 年设立出版社，同年创建大学档案馆。
• The scientific edition, the Proceedings of Tbilisi University, has been published since 1919, and the programme Textbooks for Students has been running since 1996.学校的学术刊物《第比利斯大学学报》自 1919 年起出版，面向学生的教材计划则自 1996 年起实施。
• During the Bolshevik and Communist period, despite forced ideology and censorship, the university maintained schools in mathematics, psychology, philosophy, linguistics and historiography.在布尔什维克与共产党执政时期，尽管存在强制意识形态与严格审查，学校仍维系着数学、心理学、哲学、语言学与史学等学派。
• The foundation of the Academy of Science of Georgia and other higher institutions was encouraged by the university, which became the centre of Georgian scholarship.格鲁吉亚科学院及其他高等学府的建立都曾得到该校的推动，学校由此成为格鲁吉亚学术的中心。
• In 1989 the university was named after its founder, Ivane Javakhishvili.1989 年，学校以创办人伊万·贾瓦希什维利冠名。
• On 25 April 1994 the scientific council adopted the Concepts of University Education, under which the university transferred to a two-stage form of study, with the step-by-step changes launched in 1992.1994 年 4 月 25 日，学校科学委员会通过《大学教育构想》，据此转向两阶段学位制，相关改革自 1992 年起逐步推进。
• Medical education was restored at the university in 1994, and the Faculty of Medicine became an independent unit in 2000.学校于 1994 年恢复医学教育，医学院在 2000 年成为独立建制单位。
• By the end of the first stage of reform, at the beginning of 2005, the university had 22 faculties with 184 chairs, 8 branches with 46 faculties, 3 institutes, 81 research laboratories and centres and a library of 3,650,000 items.至改革第一阶段结束时的 2005 年初，学校设有 22 个学院、184 个教研室，8 个分校、46 个系，3 个研究所，81 个科研实验室与中心，图书馆藏书 3,650,000 件。
• In 2014 the direction of psychology was separated from the humanities to form the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences.2014 年，心理学方向从人文学部中独立出来，组建为心理学与教育科学学院。
• In recent decades the rectorate has passed through several hands, with Giorgi Sharvashidze serving from 2016 to 2022, followed by Jaba Samushia, who was acting rector from October 2022 and rector from December 2022.近几十年来校长人选数度更替，格奥尔基·沙爾瓦希泽于 2016 年至 2022 年任职，其后由贾巴·萨穆希亚接任，他自 2022 年 10 月起任代理校长，同年 12 月起正式出任校长。

Academics

• TSU has seven faculties, namely Exact and Natural Sciences, Humanities, Social and Political Sciences, Psychology and Educational Sciences, Economics and Business, Law, and Medicine.学校设有七个学院，分别是精密与自然科学、人文、社会与政治科学、心理学与教育科学、经济与商学、法学以及医学。
• The Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences includes departments of mathematics, physics, chemistry, geography, computer sciences, biology, geology, and electric and electronic engineering.精密与自然科学学院下设数学、物理、化学、地理、计算机科学、生物、地质以及电气与电子工程等系科。
• The Faculty of Social and Political Sciences includes political science, journalism, international relations, human geography, sociology and social work.社会与政治科学学院涵盖政治学、新闻学、国际关系、人文地理、社会学与社会工作等方向。
• The Faculty of Economics and Business was established in 1931, and the Faculty of Medicine traces its origins to 1918, when medicine was first taught at the university.经济与商学院创办于 1931 年；医学院则可追溯至 1918 年，当年学校首次开设医学教学。
• The number of professors involved in tuition and training amounts to 3,275, including 55 academicians and corresponding members of the academy, 595 professors and doctors and 1,246 assistant professors and candidates of sciences.参与教学的教授共 3,275 人，其中包括科学院院士与通讯院士 55 人、教授与博士 595 人、副教授与副博士 1,246 人。
• Distinguished scholarly schools that arose at the university include mathematics, associated with Andrea Razmadze, and physics, associated with Elephter Andronikashvili.学校形成的著名学术学派包括以安德烈亚·拉兹马泽为代表的数学学派，以及以埃列夫捷尔·安德罗尼卡什维利为代表的物理学派。
• Other traditions include psychology around Dimitri Uznadze, physiology around Ivane Beritashvili, Georgian historiography around Ivane Javakhishvili, and the history of literature around Korneli Kekelidze.其他传统还包括季米特里·乌兹纳泽的心理学派、伊万·贝里塔什维利的生理学派，以及伊万·贾瓦希什维利的格鲁吉亚史学、科爾内利·凯克利泽的文学史研究。
• Georgian and Caucasian linguistics developed around Akaki Shanidze, Giorgi Akhvlediani and Arnold Chikobava, while oriental and classical philology developed around Grigol Tsereteli and his successors.格鲁吉亚与高加索语言学在阿卡基·沙尼泽、格奥尔基·阿赫夫列迪阿尼与阿爾诺利德·契科巴瓦周围形成；东方与古典语文学则由格里戈爾·采列捷利及其后继者发展起来。
• The university's mathematical school included Nikoloz Muskhelishvili, Ilia Vekua, Viktor Kupradze and Andro Bitsadze, and its physics school included Albert Tavkhelidze and Givi Khutsishvili.学校的数学学派包括尼古洛兹·穆斯赫利什维利、伊利亚·韦库阿、维克托·库普拉泽与安德罗·比察泽；物理学派则包括阿爾别尔特·塔夫赫利泽与吉维·胡齐什维利。
• The university's library holds some 3,650,000 items, making it one of the largest in the Caucasus region.学校图书馆藏书约 3,650,000 件，是高加索地区规模最大的图书馆之一。
• At the bachelor's level the university used 95 educational programmes in 2005, at master's studies 194 programmes, and 16 in the single-step form of tuition.2005 年，学校在学士阶段开设 95 个教育项目，硕士阶段 194 个项目，单步制培养 16 个项目。
• 26 qualification councils operate at the university for conferring scientific degrees in almost all fields of science.学校设有 26 个学位评定委员会，可在几乎所有科学领域授予学位。
• The university maintains schools and lyceums, among them the Ivane Javakhishvili school number 53, the N. Muskhelishvili school number 55, the physical-mathematical boarding school, the Tbilisi lyceum and the Rustavi gymnasium.学校附设多所中学与文理中学，包括第 53 伊万·贾瓦希什维利中学、第 55 穆斯赫利什维利中学、数理寄宿中学、第比利斯文理中学与鲁斯塔维文理中学。
• Medical education at the university is supported by a health-care management centre, a department for continuous medical education and a university diagnostic centre.学校的医学教育由卫生管理研究中心、医学继续教育部门与大学诊断中心提供支撑。
• The university publishes the weekly newspapers Tbilisis Universiteti, since 1927, and Kartuli Universiteti, since 1998, as well as its long-running scholarly proceedings.学校出版周报《第比利斯大学报》（自 1927 年起）与《格鲁吉亚大学报》（自 1998 年起），以及长期运行的学术刊物。
• Its international partners include universities in Germany, France, the United States, Poland, Spain, Turkey, Italy, Greece, Iran and Egypt, and it works with the Association of European Universities, UNESCO and the Council of Europe.学校的国际合作伙伴包括德国、法国、美国、波兰、西班牙、土耳其、意大利、希腊、伊朗与埃及等国的高校，并与欧洲大学协会、联合国教科文组织及欧洲委员会开展合作。
• Among these are Jena University and RWTH Aachen University in Germany, Emory University in the United States, Aarhus University in Denmark, Vienna University in Austria, Warsaw University in Poland and Cairo University in Egypt.其中具体包括德国的耶拿大学与亚琛工业大学、美国的埃默里大学、丹麦的奥胡斯大学、奥地利的维也纳大学、波兰的华沙大学以及埃及的开罗大学等。
• Kartvelology, or Kartvelian studies, is a distinctive field of the university, reflecting its role as the principal centre of Georgian-language scholarship.卡特维爾学（格鲁吉亚学）是该校的特色领域，体现了其作为格鲁吉亚语言学术主要中心的地位。
• The university offers education in Georgian and also in English for some programmes, attracting students from across the Caucasus and beyond.学校以格鲁吉亚语授课，部分项目以英语授课，吸引来自高加索地区及更远地方的学生。

Campus

• TSU has no central campus, and its buildings are spread over the city of Tbilisi.学校没有统一的主校区，其建筑分散在第比利斯城内各处。
• The oldest building is number 1, where the administration is seated, and it occupies the former Georgian Nobility Gymnasium built by Simon Kldiashvili from 1899 to 1906.最古老的建筑为 1 号楼，是学校行政机关所在地，其前身为西蒙·克爾迪阿什维利在 1899 至 1906 年间建造的格鲁吉亚贵族中学。
• In the yard of the first campus lie the founders of Tbilisi State University, whose names are linked with the establishment of various scientific schools in Georgia.在第一校区的庭院中安葬着学校的创办者们，他们的名字与格鲁吉亚多个学术学派的建立紧密相连。
• The Pantheon of Tbilisi State University is one of the special cultural and historical places of the institution.第比利斯国立大学先贤祠是学校具有特殊文化与历史意义的地点之一。
• A church in the university garden, named after King David the Builder, has been functioning since 5 September 1995.校园花园中一座以建设者大卫国王命名的教堂自 1995 年 9 月 5 日起投入使用。
• The five dormitories can accommodate up to 2,200 living rooms, housing students from across Georgia and abroad.五座学生宿舍可提供多达 2,200 个房间，供来自格鲁吉亚各地及海外的学生居住。
• The university has eight branches, in Sokhumi, Meskheti, Ozurgeti, Sighnaghi in Kakheti, Zugdidi, Kvemo Kartli at Marneuli, Javakheti and Poti.学校设有八个分校，分别位于苏呼米、梅斯赫蒂、奥祖尔盖蒂、卡赫季的西格纳吉、祖格迪迪、下卡尔特利（马尔内乌利）、贾瓦赫蒂与波季。
• The university's museums include those of history, Georgian emigration, mineralogy, geology and paleontology, geography, zoology and botany, and a university diagnostic centre serves staff and collaborators.学校设有历史、格鲁吉亚移民、矿物学、地质与古生物、地理、动物与植物等博物馆，并设大学诊断中心为教职员工提供服务。

Reputation

• In the 2027 QS World University Rankings Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University is placed in the 1001-1200 band.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，伊万·贾瓦希什维利第比利斯国立大学位列第 1001-1200 位。
• In the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings it is placed in the 2001-plus band.在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中，该校位列第 2001 名以外的区间。
• In the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities ranking it is placed 1,669th in the world.在 2026-2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中，该校位居全球第 1,669 位。
• It did not enter the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities, so the QS, THE and U.S. News tables are its main international references.该校未进入 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名，因此 QS、泰晤士与 US News 三榜是其主要的国际参照。
• In the Times Higher Education World University Subject Rankings for social sciences in 2025 and 2026 it appeared in the 1001-plus band.在 2025 至 2026 年泰晤士高等教育社会科学学科排名中，该校出现在第 1001 名以外的区间。
• OpenAlex records about 16,387 scholarly works and 1,031,055 citations associated with the university, by far the largest research output in Georgia.据 OpenAlex 统计，该校累计约有 16,387 篇学术成果与 1,031,055 次被引，科研产出规模为格鲁吉亚之最。
• TSU is the largest and most influential higher-education institution in Georgia, and the country's government leaders have mostly graduated from it.该校是格鲁吉亚规模最大、最具影响力的高等学府，格鲁吉亚历届政府领导人大多毕业于此。
• The university is regarded as the leading university of the Caucasus region, and it played a role in founding the Academy of Science of Georgia and other institutions.学校被视为高加索地区的领军大学，并参与了格鲁吉亚科学院及其他机构的创建。
• Its graduates include several prime ministers, speakers of parliament, a founder of a global software company and prominent scientists.其校友包括多位总理、议长、一家全球软件公司的创办人以及众多知名科学家。

Student life

• The university's Latin motto is Per traditiones ad futurum, meaning through traditions to the future.学校以拉丁语校训「Per traditiones ad futurum」为训，意为「以传统走向未来」。
• The Pantheon of Tbilisi State University, in the yard of the first building, is a central place of memory where the founders are buried.第比利斯国立大学先贤祠位于 1 号楼庭院内，是安葬创办者的核心纪念场所。
• Student life is anchored in Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, a city whose historic centre lies along the Mtkvari river.学生生活以格鲁吉亚首都第比利斯为依托，这座城市的历史中心便坐落于库拉河沿岸。
• The five dormitories, with up to 2,200 rooms, provide accommodation for a large part of the student body.五座学生宿舍共提供多达 2,200 个房间，为相当一部分学生提供住宿。
• The university publishes the weekly newspapers Tbilisis Universiteti and Kartuli Universiteti, giving students and staff a long-running campus press.学校出版周报《第比利斯大学报》与《格鲁吉亚大学报》，为学生与教职员工提供了延续多年的校园媒体。
• Its museums, together with the church of David the Builder, form part of the cultural life of the campus and of the city.学校的各类博物馆连同建设者大卫教堂，共同构成校园与城市文化生活的一部分。
• As a comprehensive university with eight regional branches, TSU brings higher education to students well beyond the capital.作为拥有八个地区分校的综合性大学，该校把高等教育带给首都之外的众多学生。
• International students study at the university in Georgian and in English, contributing to a diverse campus community in the Caucasus.国际学生在校以格鲁吉亚语和英语学习，为高加索地区的校园增添了多元色彩。

Notable people

• Ivane Javakhishvili, the historian and academician, was the main founder of the university and served as its rector from 1919 to 1926.伊万·贾瓦希什维利是历史学家与科学院院士，为学校的主要创办人，并于 1919 年至 1926 年出任校长。
• Petre Melikishvili, a chemist and professor, was elected the first rector of the university in 1918.彼得雷·梅利基什维利是化学家与教授，于 1918 年当选学校首任校长。
• Elizabeth Orbeliani, one of the co-founders, became the first woman to teach at the university.伊丽莎白·奥爾贝利阿尼是共同创办人之一，也是学校历史上第一位授课的女性。
• Andrea Razmadze, a mathematician and co-founder, gave his name to the mathematics department and institute of the university.安德烈亚·拉兹马泽是数学家与共同创办人，学校的数学系与研究所以其名字命名。
• Dimitri Uznadze, a psychologist and co-founder, established the Georgian school of psychology at the university.季米特里·乌兹纳泽是心理学家与共同创办人，在该校开创了格鲁吉亚心理学派。
• Grigol Tsereteli, a philologist and co-founder, and Akaki Shanidze, a linguist, shaped the university's philological and linguistic traditions.语文学家格里戈爾·采列捷利与语言学家阿卡基·沙尼泽作为共同创办人，塑造了学校的语文学与语言学传统。
• Zurab Zhvania, a graduate, served as Prime Minister of Georgia in the early 2000s, one of many heads of government educated at TSU.祖拉布·日瓦尼亚是该校校友，于二十一世纪初出任格鲁吉亚总理，是众多毕业于该校的政府首脑之一。
• Giorgi Gakharia, Irakli Garibashvili, Mamuka Bakhtadze, Giorgi Kvirikashvili, Irakli Kobakhidze, Nikoloz Gilauri and Bidzina Ivanishvili are among the university's alumni who became Prime Minister of Georgia.格奥尔基·加哈里亚、伊拉克利·加里巴什维利、马穆卡·巴赫塔泽、格奥尔基·克维里卡什维利、伊拉克利·科巴基泽、尼古洛兹·吉拉乌里与比济纳·伊万尼什维利等校友，都曾出任格鲁吉亚总理。
• Nino Burjanadze, Davit Usupashvili and David Bakradze, all associated with the university, served as Speakers of the Parliament of Georgia.妮诺·布尔贾纳泽、达维特·乌苏帕什维利与达维德·巴克拉泽均与该校有关，都曾担任格鲁吉亚议会议长。
• Stepan Pachikov, a graduate, founded the software company Evernote.斯捷潘·帕奇科夫是该校校友，创办了软件公司 Evernote。
• Gia Dvali, a theoretical physicist and alumnus, is known for his work on large extra dimensions and gravity.贾·德瓦利是理论物理学家、该校校友，以大额外维度与引力方面的研究著称。
• Sergi Jikia, an alumnus, was a historian and orientalist who founded the study of Turkology in Georgia.谢爾吉·吉基阿是该校校友、历史学家与东方学家，在格鲁吉亚开创了突厥学研究。
• David Lordkipanidze, an anthropologist and alumnus, is associated with the discovery of early human remains at Dmanisi in Georgia.达维德·洛爾德基帕尼泽是该校校友、人类学家，与格鲁吉亚德马尼西早期人类化石的发现密切相关。
• Jaba Samushia, an academician and historian, has served as rector of the university since 2022, having earlier been acting rector.贾巴·萨穆希亚是科学院院士与历史学家，自 2022 年起担任校长，此前曾任代理校长。