São Paulo State University

São Paulo State University (Unesp, in Portuguese Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho") is a public state university in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, maintained by the state government and one of the largest university systems in the country, with a central role in public higher education in São Paulo.圣保罗州立大学（São Paulo State University，简称 Unesp，葡萄牙语全名 Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"）是巴西圣保罗州的一所公立州立大学，由州政府维持，也是该国规模最大的大学系统之一。

It was created in 1976 by federating fourteen pre-existing state institutes of higher education, and today operates 34 units spread across 24 cities of the state.该校于 1976 年通过联合十四所既有的州立高等教育机构而创建，如今在州内 24 座城市设有 34 个单位。

With about 3,500 teachers and roughly 31,400 enrolled students, Unesp is a leading Brazilian research university, and in the QS World University Rankings 2027 it is placed 513th in the world.该校约有 3,500 名教师、近 31,400 名在校学生，是巴西领先的研究型大学；在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列世界第 513 位。

History

• Universities are a relatively recent development in Brazil: the country's first higher education institution, the Rio de Janeiro Medicine Faculty, dates from 1808, and before the twentieth century there were no universities at all.大学在巴西是相对晚近的产物：该国最早的高等学府里约热内卢医学院始于 1808 年，而在二十世纪之前巴西尚无大学。
• São Paulo's first university was the University of São Paulo, founded in 1933, and until the 1950s students from the countryside generally had to move to the capital for undergraduate study.圣保罗州的第一所大学是 1933 年创办的圣保罗大学；直到 1950 年代，州内乡村地区的学生通常仍需前往首府才能接受本科教育。
• During the 1950s and 1960s the São Paulo state government created many isolated colleges outside the capital, known as Faculdades de Filosofia, in prominent towns of the interior.1950 至 1960 年代，圣保罗州政府在首府之外的多个重要城镇创建了许多独立学院，通称「文哲学院」。
• In the 1970s the state government debated how to coordinate these separate institutes, and one proposal was to join the fourteen institutions into a single multi-campus university.1970 年代，州政府就如何协调这些彼此独立的机构展开讨论，其中一项提议是将十四所机构合并为一所多校区大学。
• Inspired by the multi-campus University of California system, São Paulo State University was accordingly founded in 1976.受加州大学多校区体系的启发，圣保罗州立大学遂于 1976 年创建。
• The original campuses of 1976 were those of Araçatuba, Araraquara, Assis, Botucatu, Franca, Guaratinguetá, Ilha Solteira, Jaboticabal, Marília, Presidente Prudente, Rio Claro, São José dos Campos, São José do Rio Preto and São Paulo.1976 年最初的校区位于阿拉萨图巴、阿拉拉夸拉、阿西斯、博图卡图、弗兰卡、瓜拉廷格塔、索尔特伊拉岛、雅博蒂卡巴尔、马里利亚、普鲁登特总统城、里奥克拉鲁、圣若泽杜斯坎普斯、圣若泽杜里奥普雷图与圣保罗。
• The university's earliest component, the Araraquara Pharmacy and Odontology Faculty, had been founded in 1923 and was incorporated by the state of São Paulo in 1956.该校最早的组成单位阿拉拉夸拉药学与牙科学院创办于 1923 年，并于 1956 年被圣保罗州并入。
• The name Universidade Estadual Paulista was suggested by the first rector of Unesp, Professor Luiz Ferreira Martins, who led the university from 1976 to 1980.「圣保罗州立大学」这一校名由首任校长 Luiz Ferreira Martins 教授提出，他于 1976 至 1980 年领导该校。
• The homage to the journalist Júlio de Mesquita Filho in the official name was suggested by Professor Moacyr Expedito Marret Vaz Guimarães, then president of the State Council of Education.官方校名中对记者 Júlio de Mesquita Filho 的致敬，由时任州教育委员会主席的 Moacyr Expedito Marret Vaz Guimarães 教授提议。
• The Bauru campus was incorporated into the university in 1988, extending its presence further into the state's interior.包鲁校区于 1988 年并入该校，将其存在进一步扩展至州内腹地。
• Unesp is one of the public higher education institutions of the state of São Paulo, alongside the University of São Paulo, the State University of Campinas and the Federal University of São Carlos.圣保罗州立大学是圣保罗州的公立高等院校之一，与圣保罗大学、坎皮纳斯州立大学及圣卡洛斯联邦大学并列。
• From 1985 the state's universities were funded through a fixed share of the state value-added tax, a mechanism that gives Unesp, the University of São Paulo and the State University of Campinas predictable budgets.自 1985 年起，州立大学的经费来自州增值税的固定分成，这一机制使圣保罗州立大学、圣保罗大学与坎皮纳斯州立大学拥有可预期的预算。
• In 2010 Unesco named Unesp the second university in Brazil in the number of scientific articles of international level, credited with about 8 per cent of national scientific production.2010 年，联合国教科文组织将圣保罗州立大学列为巴西国际水平科研论文数量第二的高校，其成果约占全国科研产出的 8%。
• In 2013 the British publication Times Higher Education named Unesp and Unicamp among the world's top 100 universities under 50 years old.2013 年，英国《泰晤士高等教育》将圣保罗州立大学与坎皮纳斯州立大学列入全球建校五十年以下的百强大学。
• In the same year the university was ranked the 11th best university in emerging countries by Times Higher Education.同年，该校被《泰晤士高等教育》评为新兴国家第 11 佳大学。
• Sandro Roberto Valentini served as rector from 2017 to 2021, and in 2025 Maysa Furlan became rector for the term to 2029, with Cesar Martins as vice-rector.Sandro Roberto Valentini 于 2017 至 2021 年任校长；2025 年 Maysa Furlan 出任校长，任期至 2029 年，Cesar Martins 任副校长。
• In 2026 the university marked the fiftieth anniversary of its foundation in 1976, publishing a commemorative platform covering its history and present.2026 年，该校迎来 1976 年建校五十周年，并推出纪念平台回顾其历史与现状。
• Unesp emerged from a state policy of bringing higher education to the interior, and its network of campuses remains a defining feature of its identity.圣保罗州立大学源自将高等教育带入州内腹地的州政策，其校区网络至今仍是其身份的核心特征。
• Over five decades the university has grown from fourteen joined institutes into a system with 34 units and a budget of 4.69 billion reais in 2025.历经五十年，该校已从十四所合并机构发展为拥有 34 个单位、2025 年预算达 46.9 亿雷亚尔的体系。
• Unesp was created by a state law of 1976, and Armando Octávio Ramos served as its second rector from 1980 to 1984.圣保罗州立大学依 1976 年的一项州法创建，Armando Octávio Ramos 于 1980 至 1984 年任第二任校长。
• Julio Cezar Durigan served as rector from 2013 to 2017, a period in which the university consolidated its postgraduate and research programmes.Julio Cezar Durigan 于 2013 至 2017 年任校长，任内该校巩固了其研究生教育与科研项目。

Academics

• Unesp employs about 3,500 teachers and around 10,600 staff, and provides 171 options for undergraduate courses in 62 higher education professions.该校约有 3,500 名教师与 10,600 名职员，开设 171 个本科课程选项，涵盖 62 个高等教育专业。
• The university's combined student body numbers more than 45,000, of whom about 10,000 study in 118 postgraduate programmes.该校学生总数逾 45,000 人，其中约 10,000 人在 118 个研究生项目中学习。
• Its postgraduate offering includes 117 academic master's courses, 6 professional master's courses and 93 academic doctorates.其研究生教育包括 117 个学术型硕士、6 个专业型硕士与 93 个学术型博士项目。
• Research at Unesp is organised centrally by the office of the Vice-President for Research, known as PROPe.圣保罗州立大学的科研由科研副校长办公室（PROPe）统一组织。
• The university concentrates research on bioenergy, biotechnology, climate change, nanotechnology, pharmaceutical development and technology, public policy, sea sciences and stem-cell research.该校的科研集中于生物能源、生物技术、气候变化、纳米技术、药物研发与技术、公共政策、海洋科学与干细胞研究。
• The academic year follows a two-semester schedule, with the spring semester running from August to December and the autumn semester from February to June.其学年采用两学期制，春季学期自八月至十二月，秋季学期自二月至六月。
• Undergraduate admission is by a state-wide examination called the vestibular, prepared by VUNESP and held over three days in two phases.本科录取通过全州统一的入学考试「vestibular」，由 VUNESP 承办，分两阶段、历时三天举行。
• The first phase of the vestibular consists of 90 questions in philosophy, Portuguese, mathematics, chemistry, biology, geography, history, physics and English or Spanish, while the second phase adds subject-specific papers and a written examination.入学考试第一阶段为哲学、葡萄牙语、数学、化学、生物、地理、历史、物理与英语或西班牙语共 90 道题；第二阶段另加专业科目与写作考试。
• A candidate may apply for only a single course within the university system, which prevents a simultaneous application for two programmes.考生在该校体系内仅可报考一个专业，因而无法同时申请两个项目。
• Unesp maintains 140 international exchange and cooperation agreements with institutions of higher education in 52 countries.该校与 52 个国家的高等教育机构签有 140 项国际交流与合作协议。
• Its principal exchange partners are Argentina, Canada, China, France, Germany, Portugal, Spain, Russia, the United States and Scotland.其主要交流伙伴为阿根廷、加拿大、中国、法国、德国、葡萄牙、西班牙、俄罗斯、美国与苏格兰。
• In 2013 the university launched a programme called International Courses, initially covering agricultural sciences, alternative energy, dentistry and literature and linguistics.2013 年，该校推出名为「国际课程」的项目，初期涵盖农业科学、替代能源、牙医学与文学语言学。
• Unesp maintains about 1,900 laboratories and 30 libraries, which together hold around 900,000 books.该校拥有约 1,900 个实验室与 30 座图书馆，藏书合计约 90 万册。
• Its facilities also include museums, gardens, parks and five experimental farms, together covering 62.8 million square metres, of which 745,400 square metres are developed.其设施还包括博物馆、园林、公园与五个实验农场，合计占地 6,280 万平方米，其中 74.54 万平方米为已开发面积。
• The university owns the Hospital de Clínicas de Botucatu and manages the State Hospital of Bauru, which together have about 800 beds, as well as veterinary and dental clinics.该校拥有博图卡图临床医院并管理包鲁州立医院，两者合计约 800 张病床，另设兽医与牙科诊所。
• Unesp's Botucatu campus houses the Medical School, and its engineering units include the Bauru School of Engineering, the Guaratinguetá School of Engineering and the Ilha Solteira School of Engineering.圣保罗州立大学的博图卡图校区设医学院；其工程单位包括包鲁工程学院、瓜拉廷格塔工程学院与索尔特伊拉岛工程学院。
• Its Araraquara unit comprises a Dental School and an Institute of Chemistry, while São Paulo city hosts the Institute for Theoretical Physics.其阿拉拉夸拉单位设有牙科学院与化学研究所；圣保罗市则设理论物理研究所。
• The university trains about 5,600 new professionals each year across its 62 higher education professions.该校每年在其 62 个高等教育专业中培养约 5,600 名新的专业人才。
• Its teaching and research units are styled institutes, faculties and schools, each led by a director and its own council with a degree of autonomy.其教学与科研单位称为研究所、学院与学部，各由一名主任领导，并设有具备一定自主权的理事会。

Campus

• Unesp is distributed across 34 units in 24 cities, of which 22 are in the interior of the state, one is the capital São Paulo and one is on the coast at São Vicente.圣保罗州立大学分布于 24 座城市的 34 个单位，其中 22 个位于州内腹地、一个位于首府圣保罗、一个位于沿海的圣维森特。
• The rectory, the university's administrative headquarters, is located at Praça da República in the centre of São Paulo.该校的行政总部校长办公室位于圣保罗市中心的共和国广场。
• The Botucatu campus is the site of the university's main medical and veterinary facilities, including the Hospital de Clínicas de Botucatu.博图卡图校区是该校主要医学与兽医学设施所在地，包括博图卡图临床医院。
• The university's holdings include 30 libraries, five experimental farms, three animal hospitals and seven complementary units.该校资产包括 30 座图书馆、五个实验农场、三所动物医院与七个附属单位。
• A principal campus at Araraquara, dating in part from 1923, houses pharmaceutical sciences, dentistry, chemistry and the faculty of sciences and letters.部分渊源可追溯至 1923 年的阿拉拉夸拉主校区，设药学、牙医学、化学以及理学与文学学院。
• The São Paulo coastal campus at São Vicente hosts the Biosciences Institute and the Institute of Advanced Sea Studies.位于圣维森特的圣保罗沿海校区设有生物科学研究所与高级海洋研究所。
• The university's main rectory coordinates ten student representatives on its University Council, which decides most matters affecting the institution.该校校长办公室协调大学理事会中的十名学生代表，理事会决定影响学校的大部分事务。
• Unesp units are widely spread, and its São José do Rio Preto campus hosts the Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences.该校各单位分布广泛，其圣若泽杜里奥普雷图校区设生物科学、文学与精确科学研究所。
• The university's units lie across the state of São Paulo, between roughly 20 and 24 degrees south and 46 and 51 degrees west.该校各单位分布在圣保罗州境内，大致位于南纬 20 至 24 度、西经 46 至 51 度之间。
• The São José dos Campos campus hosts a Dental School, and the Rio Claro campus houses the institutes of biosciences and of geosciences and exact sciences.圣若泽杜斯坎普斯校区设牙科学院，里奥克拉鲁校区则设生物科学所以及地球科学与精确科学研究所。

Reputation

• São Paulo State University is placed 513th in the world in the QS World University Rankings 2027, ranking fifth among Brazilian universities in the same table.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，圣保罗州立大学位列世界第 513 位，在同榜中居巴西各校第五。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 places it in the 651-700 band.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将该校列于第 651 至 700 区间。
• In the U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities ranking for 2026-2027 it is placed 578th in the world.在 2026 至 2027 年《美国新闻与世界报道》最佳全球大学排名中，该校位列世界第 578 位。
• The Academic Ranking of World Universities 2026 places it in the 301-400 band, the highest of any Brazilian institution in some subject areas.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名将该校列于第 301 至 400 区间，在部分学科领域为巴西各校中最高。
• In earlier cycles Unesp was placed 491-500 in the QS World University Rankings 2018 and 301-400 in the Academic Ranking of World Universities 2017, third in Brazil.在更早的评选中，该校于 2018 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列第 491 至 500，2017 年软科世界大学学术排名第 301 至 400，居巴西第三。
• The Ranking Universitário Folha, a leading Brazilian ranking, places Unesp about sixth among universities in Brazil.巴西权威排名《圣保罗页报大学排名》将圣保罗州立大学列为巴西约第六位。
• According to the QS World University Ranking it is the fifth-best university in Brazil, eleventh in Latin America and 29th among the BRICS countries.据 QS 世界大学排名，该校为巴西第五、拉丁美洲第十一、金砖国家第 29。
• Unesp is the only Brazilian member of the Compostela Group of Universities.圣保罗州立大学是「孔波斯特拉大学联盟」中唯一的巴西成员。
• Unesco's 2010 assessment credited Unesp with about 8 per cent of Brazil's scientific production, ranking it second in the country after the University of São Paulo.联合国教科文组织 2010 年的评估认为圣保罗州立大学约占巴西科研产出的 8%，位居圣保罗大学之后的全国第二。
• Times Higher Education ranked the university the 11th best in emerging countries and among the world's top 100 universities under 50 years old in 2013.2013 年，《泰晤士高等教育》将该校评为新兴国家第 11 佳、并列入全球建校五十年以下百强大学。
• In the Webometrics Ranking of World Universities 2017 the university was placed 8th in Latin America, 4th in Brazil and 408th in the world.在 2017 年世界大学网络排名中，该校位列拉丁美洲第 8、巴西第 4、世界第 408。

Student life

• Unesp does not maintain a formal motto, but its name honours the journalist Júlio de Mesquita Filho and its identity is tied to public, tuition-free higher education in the state of São Paulo, funded through a fixed share of state tax revenue.该校没有正式校训，但其校名致敬记者 Júlio de Mesquita Filho，其身份与圣保罗州公立免费高等教育紧密相连，经费来自州税收的固定分成。
• Because its units are spread across 24 cities, student life at Unesp is closely bound to the different interior and coastal towns that host the campuses.由于各单位分布在 24 座城市，圣保罗州立大学的学生生活与其所在的不同内陆与沿海城镇紧密相连。
• The university provides student housing and university restaurants in several cities to support students who come from other parts of the state.该校在若干城市提供学生宿舍与大学食堂，以支持来自州内其他地区的学生。
• Its International Courses programme, launched in 2013, offers short courses in agricultural sciences, alternative energy, dentistry, and literature and linguistics.该校 2013 年推出的「国际课程」项目提供农业科学、替代能源、牙医学、文学与语言学等短期课程。
• Student exchange is supported by 140 agreements in 52 countries, and the main destinations include Argentina, Canada, China, France, Germany, Portugal, Spain and the United States.学生交流得到 52 个国家 140 项协议的支持，主要目的地包括阿根廷、加拿大、中国、法国、德国、葡萄牙、西班牙与美国。
• In 2026 the university celebrated its fiftieth anniversary with a commemorative platform, exhibitions and events across its campuses.2026 年，该校通过纪念平台、展览与各校区活动庆祝建校五十周年。
• Sports and recreational facilities, museums, gardens and parks are available to students at the larger campuses such as Araraquara and Botucatu.在阿拉拉夸拉、博图卡图等较大校区，学生可使用体育与休闲设施、博物馆、园林与公园。
• The university's Institute for Theoretical Physics in São Paulo and its sea-science institute in São Vicente give students access to specialised research environments.该校在圣保罗的理论物理研究所以及在圣维森特的海洋科学研究所，为学生提供专门的研究环境。

Notable people

• Luiz Ferreira Martins was the first rector of Unesp, serving from 1976 to 1980 and proposing the university's name.Luiz Ferreira Martins 是该校首任校长，于 1976 至 1980 年任职，并提出了校名。
• Júlio de Mesquita Filho, the journalist commemorated in the university's official name, was honoured on the suggestion of the State Council of Education.官方校名所纪念的记者 Júlio de Mesquita Filho，是应州教育委员会的建议而获致意。
• Ana Maria Braga, a Brazilian television presenter and journalist, studied biology at Unesp.巴西电视主持人兼记者 Ana Maria Braga 曾在该校学习生物学。
• Heleieth Saffioti, a Brazilian sociologist and feminist activist, graduated in social sciences and later taught at the university.巴西社会学家与女权活动家 Heleieth Saffioti 毕业于该校社会科学专业，后留校任教。
• Edson Zampronha, a Brazilian composer, studied music composition and conducting at Unesp.巴西作曲家 Edson Zampronha 曾在该校学习音乐作曲与指挥。
• Néle Azevedo, a Brazilian sculptor and independent researcher, graduated in visual arts from the university.巴西雕塑家与独立研究者 Néle Azevedo 毕业于该校视觉艺术专业。
• Bruna Caram, a Brazilian singer and songwriter, studied music at Unesp.巴西歌手与词曲作者 Bruna Caram 曾在该校学习音乐。
• Sadhan Kumar Adhikari, a Brazilian-Indian professor of physics, has taught at Unesp.巴西与印度裔物理学教授 Sadhan Kumar Adhikari 曾在任教于该校。
• Edwin O'Neill Willis, an American ornithologist, was a professor at the university.美国鸟类学家 Edwin O'Neill Willis 曾任该校教授。
• Mauro Galetti, a Brazilian ecologist known for his work on seed dispersal, has taught at Unesp.以种子传播研究闻名的巴西生态学家 Mauro Galetti 曾在任教于该校。
• Mário Soares, the Portuguese politician who served as Prime Minister and as President of Portugal, received an honorary doctorate from Unesp in 1987.曾任葡萄牙总理与总统的葡萄牙政治家 Mário Soares 于 1987 年获该校荣誉博士学位。
• Rafael Coutinho, a Brazilian comics artist, painter and animator, studied arts at Unesp, and the cartoonist Gustavo Duarte studied design there.巴西漫画家、画家兼动画师 Rafael Coutinho 曾在就读于该校艺术专业，漫画家 Gustavo Duarte 则在此学习设计。