State University of Campinas

The State University of Campinas (Unicamp) is a public research university in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, created by state law on 28 December 1962 and effectively functioning from 1966.坎皮纳斯州立大学（Universidade Estadual de Campinas，简称 Unicamp）是巴西圣保罗州的一所公立研究型大学，依 1962 年 12 月 28 日的州法律设立，自 1966 年起实际运作。

Designed from scratch as an integrated research centre, it is one of the three best universities in Latin America and has the largest proportion of graduate students among Brazil's large universities, offering 153 graduate and 70 undergraduate programmes.该校自筹建之初即定位为综合性研究中心，是拉丁美洲最优秀的三所大学之一，其研究生占在校生的比例在巴西大型大学中最高，共开设 153 个研究生专业与 70 个本科专业。

Its main campus occupies 3.5 square kilometres in the Barao Geraldo district of Campinas, and the university is ranked joint 277th in the QS World University Rankings 2027, in the 326-350 band of the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027, 359th in the U.S. News Best Global Universities 2026-2027 and in the 401-500 band of the Shanghai ARWU 2026.该校主校区位于坎皮纳斯市巴朗热拉尔多区，占地 3.5 平方公里；在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中并列第 277 位，2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名位列 326-350 区间，《美国新闻与世界报道》2026-2027 最佳全球大学排名第 359 位，2026 年软科世界大学学术排名位列 401-500 区间。

History

• In the early 1940s a group of citizens of Campinas started to demand the creation of a medical school for their region, and public pressure continued through the decade.20 世纪 40 年代初，一批坎皮纳斯市民开始争取在当地创建一所医学院，公众压力在整个十年中持续存在。
• From the outset the university was conceived as an integrated research centre rather than a loose federation of faculties, an approach championed by Zeferino Vaz and inspired by his experience at the Ribeirao Preto medical school.该校自筹建之初即被设想为一座综合性研究中心，而非各学院松散的联合体，这一办学思路由泽费里诺·瓦斯倡行，并受其在里贝朗普雷图医学院的经验启发。
• In 1959 the state government created the School of Medicine of Campinas by law, but the school was never actually implemented.1959 年，州政府依法设立坎皮纳斯医学院，但该学院最终并未实际开办。
• In the early 1960s the state government decided to build a new research centre in the interior of Sao Paulo and invited Zeferino Vaz, founder of the Ribeirao Preto medical school of the University of Sao Paulo, to organise it.20 世纪 60 年代初，州政府决定在圣保罗州内陆建设一座新的研究中心，并邀请圣保罗大学里贝朗普雷图医学院创办人泽费里诺·瓦斯负责筹建。
• On 28 December 1962 the university was created by law, and the School of Medicine was provisionally installed in a former hotel on Rua Manoel Machado Pereira, keeping the old school running.1962 年 12 月 28 日，该校依法成立，医学院暂设于马诺埃尔·马沙多·佩雷拉街一家旧旅馆内，以维持原有办学。
• In April 1963 the first vestibular entrance examination was held, attracting 1,592 candidates for 50 places in medicine, and the first group of 50 students became known as the pioneers.1963 年 4 月，该校举行首次入学考试，1,592 名考生争夺 50 个医学名额，首批 50 名学生被称为「拓荒者」。
• On 20 May 1963 the first lecture of the new university was delivered.1963 年 5 月 20 日，这所新大学的第一堂课开讲。
• In 1965 the organising commission visited several possible sites and chose the 100-hectare farm of the Almeida Prado family, whose land in Barao Geraldo was donated for the campus.1965 年，筹建委员会考察了多处选址，最终选定阿尔梅达·普拉多家族约 100 公顷的农场，该家族在巴朗热拉尔多的土地被捐赠用作校址。
• On 5 October 1966 construction of the new campus began and the first building, the Institute of Biology, was completed, and on 11 October 1966 Zeferino Vaz was nominated Rector of the university.1966 年 10 月 5 日，新校区动工，首座建筑生物研究所落成；1966 年 10 月 11 日，泽费里诺·瓦斯被任命为该校校长。
• In 1967 the Dental School of Piracicaba was absorbed into the university, and in 1968 the Institute of Biology was formally inaugurated.1967 年，皮拉西卡巴牙科学院并入该校；1968 年，生物研究所正式启用。
• In 1968 the Engineering School of Limeira was also absorbed, and in 1969 classes began on the new Campinas campus when the Limeira students moved into new buildings.1968 年，利梅拉工程学院同样并入该校；1969 年，随利梅拉学生迁入新楼，新校区开始上课。
• In 1971 the campus was expanded by about 130 hectares to accommodate the School of Medical Sciences, and in 1975 construction of the Hospital das Clinicas began.1971 年，校区为容纳医学科学院而扩大了约 130 公顷；1975 年，州立综合医院开工建设。
• In 1978 the initial phase of campus construction was considered complete, and the following year, in 1979, Zeferino Vaz died and the campus was named after him.1978 年，校区建设的首期工程被视为完成；翌年 1979 年，泽费里诺·瓦斯逝世，校区以他的名字命名。
• After the founder's death the university passed through a crisis, and in October 1981 the state governor declared a formal intervention in the institution.创办人去世后，该校经历一场危机；1981 年 10 月，州长宣布对该校实行正式干预。
• On 19 April 1982 the intervention was lifted and Jose Aristodemo Pinotti was selected as Rector, beginning a period of consolidation.1982 年 4 月 19 日，干预结束，若泽·阿里斯托德莫·皮诺蒂获选为校长，该校进入整顿巩固阶段。
• In 1983 new bylaws were written and the university's library system was created, giving each institute and school its own library.1983 年，该校订立新章程并创建图书馆系统，使各研究所与学院各自拥有图书馆。
• In 1985 the Hospital das Clinicas became fully operational and the School of Medical Sciences was transferred to the Campinas campus.1985 年，州立综合医院全面启用，医学科学院迁入坎皮纳斯校区。
• In 1986 the collegiate Directive Council was replaced by a University Council, and the university acquired the CPQBA research centre from Monsanto in Paulinia.1986 年，合议制的指导委员会改由大学理事会取代；该校并从孟山都公司购得位于保利尼亚的 CPQBA 研究中心。
• In 1989 the central library was inaugurated and the Limeira civil engineering school was relocated to the Campinas campus.1989 年，中央图书馆启用，利梅拉土木工程学院迁往坎皮纳斯校区。
• In 1992 the Student Residence compound was built on the campus, and in 1996 the Institute of Computing was opened.1992 年，校园内的学生宿舍区建成；1996 年，计算研究所启用。
• In 1997 the National Synchrotron Light Laboratory, situated next to the campus, began operating.1997 年，毗邻校区的国家同步辐射光源实验室开始运行。
• In 2004 the university introduced the PAAIS affirmative-action programme, which grants bonus points to applicants who studied in Brazilian public schools.2004 年，该校推出 PAAIS 平权招生计划，为在巴西公立学校就读的考生提供加分。
• In 2008 the School of Applied Sciences was created in Limeira, and in 2014 the university bought the Argentina Farm, expanding its campus by 60 per cent, and also joined Coursera.2008 年，应用科学学院在利梅拉成立；2014 年，该校购入阿根廷农场，使校区面积扩大 60%，并加入 Coursera 平台。

Academics

• Teaching and research are organised into 24 units, comprising 10 institutes and 14 schools, together with about 22 interdisciplinary centres.教学与研究按 24 个单位组织，包括 10 个研究所与 14 个学院，另有约 22 个跨学科中心。
• As of 2014 the university offered 70 undergraduate programmes and 153 graduate programmes, with about 16,000 graduate students, roughly one third of whom came from outside Sao Paulo state and about 5 per cent from abroad.截至 2014 年，该校开设 70 个本科专业与 153 个研究生专业，研究生约 16,000 名，其中约三分之一来自圣保罗州以外，约 5% 来自国外。
• The university has about 1,800 professors and about 100 full-time researchers, almost all of whom hold doctorates.该校约有 1,800 名教授与约 100 名专职研究人员，其中几乎全部拥有博士学位。
• Its academic work is grouped into four main areas, namely exact sciences, human sciences, biological sciences and technologies, each supported by institutes and schools.该校学术工作分为四大学科领域，即精确科学、人文科学、生物科学与技术，各由相应的研究所与学院支撑。
• The university's library system, the SBU, includes a central library named after the Brazilian physicist Cesar Lattes and 27 satellite libraries, holding more than one million volumes.该校图书馆系统 SBU 包括以巴西物理学家塞萨尔·拉特斯命名的中央图书馆与 27 个分馆，藏书超过一百万册。
• Extension activities comprise more than 1,000 programmes and include open-enrollment courses that reach some 8,000 students and technological courses run through Extecamp.该校推广活动包含逾 1,000 个项目，其中包括惠及约 8,000 名学员的开放课程，以及通过 Extecamp 开办的技术课程。
• Admission is by the vestibular examination administered by COMVEST, and in 2015 the university received 77,145 applications for 3,320 undergraduate places, that is 23 candidates per place and a 4.3 per cent acceptance rate.招生通过由 COMVEST 组织的入学考试进行；2015 年该校收到 77,145 份申请争夺 3,320 个本科名额，即每个名额 23 名考生，录取率 4.3%。
• The most competitive courses include Medicine at 0.5 per cent, Architecture at 0.6 per cent and Communication at 2.0 per cent, one of the lowest acceptance rates in Brazil.竞争最激烈的专业包括录取率 0.5% 的医学、0.6% 的建筑学与 2.0% 的传播学，录取率在巴西处于最低之列。
• In the first round candidates answer 90 multiple-choice questions, and in the second round they sit 48 short-answer questions and write two essays over three days.首轮考生作答 90 道选择题，次轮则在三天内完成 48 道简答题并写作两篇作文。
• The PAAIS programme grants a bonus on the final score of candidates who studied their entire secondary education in Brazilian public schools, and it raised the enrolment share of public-school and minority students towards 30 per cent.PAAIS 计划对中学全程就读巴西公立学校的考生给予最终成绩加分，使公立学校与少数族裔学生的入学比例向 30% 靠拢。
• The university also runs two technical high schools, COTUCA in Campinas and COTIL in Limeira.该校另办有两所技术高中，即坎皮纳斯的 COTUCA 与利梅拉的 COTIL。
• Unicamp produces about 15 per cent of Brazilian research and 12 per cent of the scientific papers published in the country, and it holds more patents than any other Brazilian organisation except Petrobras.坎皮纳斯州立大学产出约 15% 的巴西科研成果与全国 12% 的科学论文，其专利数量在巴西仅次于巴西石油公司。
• Faculty are divided into the ranks of Doctor Professor, Associate Professor and Tenured Professor, and the university's annual budget for 2016 was proposed at 2.3 billion reais, with payroll taking up most of it.该校教师分为博士教授、副教授与终身教授等职级；2016 年度预算草案为 23 亿雷亚尔，其中大部分用于人员薪酬。
• State grants and student fees supplied 63 per cent and 4.4 per cent of the 2016 budget respectively, with the remainder coming from research contracts and other sources.州拨款与学生学费分别占 2016 年预算的 63% 与 4.4%，其余来自研究合同及其他来源。
• The PAAIS programme and technical high schools together extend the university's teaching beyond its degree courses into secondary and applied education.PAAIS 计划与技术高中共同将该校的教学从学位课程延伸至中等与应用教育。
• Its 24 units span subjects from arts, philosophy, linguistics, history and economics to chemistry, physics, mathematics, computing, geosciences, biology and medicine, with teaching and research grouped into the four main areas.其 24 个单位涵盖从艺术、哲学、语言学、历史与经济，到化学、物理、数学、计算、地球科学、生物与医学等学科，教学与研究归入四大学科领域。
• The School of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the School of Mechanical Engineering are counted among the leading engineering schools in Brazil, alongside the Institute of Computing.电机与计算机工程学院与机械工程学院，与计算研究所一道，均被视为巴西领先的工程学院。

Campus

• The main campus occupies 350 hectares in the valley of the Barao Geraldo district, 12 kilometres from the centre of Campinas.主校区占地 350 公顷，位于巴朗热拉尔多区的谷地，距坎皮纳斯市中心 12 公里。
• The campus layout is centred on a circular plaza with a fountain, from which radial streets lead to the institutes and schools, and it was designed by the architect Joao Carlos Bross.校区布局以带喷泉的圆形广场为中心，放射状街道由广场通向各研究所与学院，由建筑师若昂·卡洛斯·布罗斯设计。
• The university's visual identity and logo were designed by Max Schiefer, and several campus streets are named after notable contributors, including Rua Elis Regina and Avenida Alan Turing.该校的视觉形象与校徽由马克斯·希弗设计，校内有若干以杰出贡献者命名的街道，包括伊莉斯·雷吉娜街与艾伦·图灵大道。
• The Hospital das Clinicas, the university's teaching hospital, has about 1,000 beds and treats some half a million patients a year, carrying out about 40 surgeries and delivering about 13 babies each day with roughly 3,100 employees.该校的教学医院州立综合医院约有 1,000 张病床，每年诊治约五十万名患者，每天施行约 40 台手术、迎接约 13 名新生儿，员工约 3,100 人。
• The National Synchrotron Light Laboratory stands next to the campus and operates Latin America's only particle accelerator, first designed in 1983 and operating since 1997.国家同步辐射光源实验室毗邻校区，运行着拉丁美洲唯一的一台粒子加速器，最早于 1983 年设计，1997 年投入运行。
• In Limeira the university operates a campus housing the School of Applied Sciences, which offers 480 undergraduate places each year.该校在利梅拉设有一处校区，应用科学学院设于其中，每年招收 480 名本科生。
• In Piracicaba the university maintains the School of Odontology on a campus of 60 hectares that serves over 1,000 students.该校在皮拉西卡巴设有牙科学院，校区占地 60 公顷，学生超过 1,000 名。
• In Paulinia the university owns the CPQBA research centre, acquired from Monsanto in 1986, and in 2014 it added the Argentina Farm, enlarging the main campus by about 60 per cent.该校在保利尼亚拥有 1986 年从孟山都购得的 CPQBA 研究中心；2014 年又纳入阿根廷农场，使主校区扩大约 60%。

Reputation

• In the QS World University Rankings 2027 the State University of Campinas is placed joint 277th in the world.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，坎皮纳斯州立大学并列世界第 277 位。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 places it in the 326-350 band, and the U.S. News Best Global Universities 2026-2027 ranks it 359th.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将其列入 326-350 区间，《美国新闻与世界报道》2026-2027 最佳全球大学排名将其列为第 359 位。
• In the Shanghai Academic Ranking of World Universities 2026 it appears in the 401-500 band.在 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名中，该校位列 401-500 区间。
• The university is one of the three best universities in Latin America and among the top 100 universities in emerging economies, and it is the best placed Latin American university in the Times Higher Education Golden Age University Rankings 2019.该校是拉丁美洲最优秀的三所大学之一，位列新兴经济体前 100 名大学，并在 2019 年泰晤士高等教育黄金时代大学排名中位居拉丁美洲高校之首。
• It is the top Brazilian university in number of patents and the second most entrepreneurial university in Brazil according to the Confederation of Junior Enterprises.该校专利数量居巴西各大学之首，并在巴西青年企业联合会评选中位居全国第二创业型大学。
• The university was judged the best in Brazil in the areas of Computer Science and Engineering and Technology for two consecutive years in 2018 and 2019.该校在 2018 与 2019 连续两年被评为巴西计算机科学与工程及技术领域最佳大学。
• In the UI GreenMetric World University Ranking the university was fourth among the most sustainable universities in Brazil and among the 100 most sustainable in the world.在 UI GreenMetric 世界大学排名中，该校位居巴西最可持续大学第四名，并跻身全球最可持续大学 100 强。
• Forty-five per cent of the university's graduate courses received top grades of six or seven in the CAPES evaluation, on a scale of three to seven.该校 45% 的研究生课程在 CAPES 评估中获得六分或七分的最高等级（满分七分）。
• The university has been recognised for the quality and volume of its research output, and it maintains one of the largest Brazilian repositories of scientific papers and theses.该校因其研究成果的质量与数量而获得认可，并拥有巴西规模最大的科学论文与学位论文库之一。
• Its medical, engineering and computing schools are frequently counted among the best in Brazil, and its researchers collaborate widely with industry and other institutions.该校的医学院、工程学院与计算机学院常被视为巴西最佳之列，其研究人员与产业界及其他机构广泛合作。

Student life

• Student life on the campus is shaped by repúblicas, fraternity-style shared houses in which students live together and organise parties and activities.校园学生生活以「共和舍」为特色，这是一种学生共同居住、并举办聚会与活动的兄弟会式合租房。
• The Student Residence compound, built in 1992, contains 226 houses of about 60 square metres for four students each, plus 27 studios, giving 904 vacancies.1992 年建成的学生宿舍区包含 226 栋约 60 平方米、每栋住四名学生的住房，另有 27 间单人套房，共提供 904 个床位。
• University restaurants, known as bandejao, serve breakfast for two reais and lunch and dinner for three reais, providing more than 10,000 meals a day.该校的大学食堂（Bandejao）早餐收费 2 雷亚尔、午晚餐收费 3 雷亚尔，每天供应逾 10,000 份餐食。
• Athletics are organised by students rather than sponsored by the university, through the Liga das Atleticas da Unicamp and events such as the Unicamp Olympics.该校体育主要由学生而非学校主办，通过坎皮纳斯州立大学体育联盟以及「坎皮纳斯州立大学奥林匹克」等活动开展。
• Students also take part in inter-university competitions such as Intermed and the Engenharíadas, and the campus has a sports centre with a football field, athletics track, swimming pool and gymnasium.学生亦参加 Intermed 与 Engenharíadas 等校际赛事；校区设有体育中心，配备足球场、田径场、游泳池与体育馆。
• The university's open-doors event, UPA, draws about 50,000 high-school students to the campus each year, while the notorious Varginha incident of 2015 gave rise to the myth of the creature of Pavilion 18.该校的开放日活动 UPA 每年吸引约 50,000 名高中生到访校园；2015 年著名的瓦尔吉尼亚事件则衍生出「18 号馆怪物」的传说。
• Studies at the university are tuition-free, and students pay only modest meal and housing costs, which the university subsidises.该校就读免学费，学生仅需支付少量膳食与住宿费用，且由学校给予补贴。
• The campus hosts cultural events, student festivals and open-air activities throughout the year within its institutes, schools and residential areas.校园全年在各研究所、学院与生活区内举办文化活动、学生节庆与露天活动。

Notable people

• Zeferino Vaz was the first Rector of the university, serving from 1966 to 1978, and the campus is named after him.泽费里诺·瓦斯是该校首任校长，1966 至 1978 年在任，校区以他的名字命名。
• Jose Aristodemo Pinotti served as Rector from 1982 to 1986, after the state intervention ended, and he was a member of the Brazilian Academy of Medicine.若泽·阿里斯托德莫·皮诺蒂在州干预结束后于 1982 至 1986 年任校长，他也是巴西医学科学院院士。
• Paulo Renato Costa Souza, Rector from 1986 to 1990, later served as Minister of Education of Brazil from 1995 to 2002.保罗·雷纳托·科斯塔·索萨于 1986 至 1990 年任校长，其后于 1995 至 2002 年出任巴西教育部长。
• Carlos Henrique de Brito Cruz, a physicist and scientometrist, served as Rector of the university from 2002 to 2005 and later led the Sao Paulo Research Foundation.卡洛斯·恩里克·德·布里托·克鲁斯是物理学家与科学计量学家，2002 至 2005 年任该校校长，其后领导圣保罗研究基金会。
• Marcelo Knobel, a physicist, served as Rector from 2017 to 2021, and Antonio Jose de Almeida Meirelles led the university from 2021 to 2025.物理学家马塞洛·诺贝尔于 2017 至 2021 年任校长，安东尼奥·若泽·德·阿尔梅达·梅雷莱斯则于 2021 至 2025 年领导该校。
• Paulo Cesar Montagner has served as Rector of the university since 2025.保罗·塞萨尔·蒙塔格内尔自 2025 年起出任该校校长。
• Cesar Lattes, the Brazilian physicist who co-discovered the pion, is commemorated by the university's central library, which bears his name.共同发现 π 介子的巴西物理学家塞萨尔·拉特斯，其名号为该校中央图书馆所纪念。
• Sergio Buarque de Holanda, a noted Brazilian historian, and the writer Monteiro Lobato both have important collections held by the university library and archive.著名巴西历史学家塞尔吉奥·布阿尔克·德·奥兰达与作家蒙特罗·洛巴托，均有重要特藏由该校图书馆与档案馆收藏。
• The Edgard Leuenroth Archive, named after the Brazilian anarchist journalist, is held at the university and is one of its most important archival holdings.以巴西无政府主义记者埃德加德·莱恩罗特命名的档案馆设于该校，是其最重要的档案特藏之一。
• Joao Carlos Bross, the architect of the Barao Geraldo campus, and Castelo Branco, the Brazilian President who laid the campus cornerstone in 1966, are both tied to the institution.巴朗热拉尔多校区建筑师若昂·卡洛斯·布罗斯，以及 1966 年为校区奠基的巴西总统卡斯特洛·布兰科，都与该校渊源深厚。