Shanxi University

Shanxi University (SXU) is a provincial public university in Taiyuan, Shanxi, China, founded on 8 May 1902 as the Imperial University of Shansi and counted among the three earliest modern university halls in the country.山西大学（SXU）是位于中国山西省太原市的省属公立大学，1902 年 5 月 8 日以山西大学堂之名创办，是中国最早的三所近代大学堂之一。

It is jointly built by the Shanxi provincial government and the Ministry of Education, and entered the second round of the Double First-Class Construction in 2022 with philosophy and physics as its designated disciplines.该校由山西省人民政府与教育部共同建设，并于 2022 年以哲学、物理学两个学科进入第二轮「双一流」建设高校行列。

In the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities it sits in the 401-500 band and in the 2026-2027 U.S. News global ranking it is placed 928th, while the 2027 Times Higher Education and 2027 QS world rankings do not list it.在 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名中，该校位列第 401-500 名区间；在 2026 至 2027 年度 U.S. News 全球大学排名中位列第 928 名；2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名与 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名均未收录该校。

History

• In September 1901 Cen Chunxuan, then governor of Shanxi, received imperial approval to prepare a university on the foundations of the Jinyang Academy of the Ming Wanli era and the Lingde Hall set up by Zhang Zhidong in the late Qing.1901 年 9 月，时任山西巡抚岑春煊奉旨筹办大学堂，以明朝万历年间设立的晋阳书院和清末张之洞创立的令德堂为基础。
• Part of the early funding came from the Boxer Indemnity that Britain returned after the Taiyuan massacre, money that was directed to the western division of the new institution.办学经费的一部分来自英国在太原教案后拨还的庚子赔款，这笔款项被用于新设学堂的西学部分。
• The Imperial University of Shansi opened on 8 May 1902, and on the advice of the Welsh Baptist missionary Timothy Richard a College of Western Studies was added on 26 June 1902 beside the original College of Chinese Studies.山西大学堂于 1902 年 5 月 8 日正式成立，并采纳英国浸礼会传教士李提摩太的建议，于 1902 年 6 月 26 日在原有中学专斋之外增设西学专斋。
• It was one of the first three university halls in China, together with the Metropolitan Grand School that became Peking University and the Northern Grand School that became Tianjin University.它是中国最早创办的三所大学堂之一，另外两所是后来成为北京大学的京师大学堂和成为天津大学的北洋大学堂。
• After the Xinhai Revolution the institution was renamed Shanxi University School in 1912, and under the new republican system it replaced the Chinese and western divisions with a three-year preparatory course and a four-year undergraduate course.辛亥革命后，学校于 1912 年改称山西大学校，并按民国初年学制取消中斋与西斋，改设三年制预科和四年制本科。
• A law department and a civil engineering department were created in 1913, and in 1914 the civil, mechanical and mining-metallurgy specialties of the Shanxi Public Industrial School were folded into the university.1913 年学校设法科法律学门与工科土木工学门，1914 年又将山西公立工业专门学校原有的土木、机械、采矿冶金三个专门科并入。
• The main engineering teaching building was completed in 1917, and in July 1918 the Beiyang government brought the university within the national system, so that its graduates could take part in elections after three years of public service.工科教学大楼于 1917 年落成；1918 年 7 月，北洋政府将山西大学校列入国立范围，其本科毕业生任事三年后即可参加选举。
• On 18 May 1925 students marched to the provincial assembly and then to the governor's office to protest against a housing tax, and the confrontation ended with Yan Xishan abolishing the levy.1925 年 5 月 18 日，学生列队前往省议会请愿，随后转往督署就房税展开交涉，最终迫使阎锡山废除该税。
• In February 1928 the university sent the professor Pan Lianru to Beijing as its resident representative to the federation of Chinese national universities.1928 年 2 月，学校派教授潘连茹为驻京代表，参加中国国立大学联合会。
• Under the University Organisation Law of the Nationalist government the institution was renamed Shanxi University in July 1931, its preparatory course became an attached senior high school and its subject divisions were reorganised into colleges.1931 年 7 月，依照国民政府《大学组织法》和《大学规程》，学校改称山西大学，预科改为附属高级中学，各科改组为学院。
• The Shanxi Provincial Law College was merged in July 1934, the Provincial Education College followed in the same year, and a College of Science was created in July 1935.山西省立法学院于 1934 年 7 月并入，同年山西省立教育学院也并入，1935 年 7 月又设立理学院。
• When Japanese air raids intensified in August 1937 the headquarters and the science and engineering colleges moved to Linfen, the law college to Pingyao and the arts college to Yuncheng.1937 年 8 月，日军空袭日益频繁，校部与理工两院迁往临汾，法学院迁往平遥，文学院迁往运城。
• Taiyuan fell on 8 November 1937 and the provincial government ordered every college to close, after which the abandoned campus served first as a Japanese arsenal and from 1944 as a Japanese-run industrial school.1937 年 11 月 8 日太原陷落，省政府下令各大专院校停课解散，空置的校址先被日伪用作兵工厂，1944 年又办起山西省立太原工业职业学校。
• In early September 1939 the province decided to restore the university under Yan Xishan as president, adding the provincial agricultural and industrial colleges, and classes resumed at Sanyuan in Shaanxi on 23 December 1939.1939 年 9 月初，山西省决定恢复山西大学，由阎锡山兼任校长，并将省立农业专科学校和工业专科学校并入，同年 12 月 23 日在陕西三原复课。
• A student campaign for national status in 1941 pushed the university to Huxiaogou in Yichuan county, and an outbreak of typhus drove it to Kenanpo in Jixian county in February 1943.1941 年学生要求「省立改国立」的风潮使学校迁往宜川县虎啸沟，1943 年 2 月虎啸沟瘟疫流行，学校又迁往吉县克难坡。
• In April 1943 education minister Chen Lifu ordered the institution to become National Shanxi University with funding from the central ministry, and staff returned to Huxiaogou that July until the end of the war.1943 年 4 月，国民政府教育部长陈立夫下令将学校改为国立山西大学，经费由教育部拨发，同年 7 月师生返回虎啸沟，一直办学到抗战胜利。
• The university left Huxiaogou in October 1945, taught in borrowed hospital rooms in Hancheng over the winter and reopened in Taiyuan in May 1946 after the Japanese surrender.1945 年 10 月师生奉命离开虎啸沟，因交通中断与校舍被占，年底在韩城借用医院空房上课，1946 年 5 月在太原重新开学。
• A student strike over public funding in July 1948 was followed by an airlift of students to Beiping, where 484 students and 74 teachers were on the rolls by December 1948.1948 年 7 月学生以停火罢灶呼应平津学生运动，随后分批乘飞机撤往北平，到 1948 年 12 月在校生共 484 人、教师 74 人。
• After Taiyuan was taken on 26 April 1949 the scattered staff returned on 15 May, and by September 1949 the university had five colleges of arts, science, medicine, engineering and law.1949 年 4 月 26 日太原战役结束后，散处各地的师生于 5 月 15 日全部返回，到 1949 年 9 月学校已设文、理、医、工、法五个学院。
• The provincial medical colleges were merged into its medical college in August 1949, and the science college of China University in Beijing was added in September 1949.1949 年 8 月，山西省立川至医学专科学校等三所医学校并入医学院，9 月中国大学理学院又并入，学校的学科格局随之扩大。
• The name was shortened from National Shanxi University to Shanxi University on 1 January 1951, and the mechanical and metallurgical departments of Mingxian College, the ancestor of Shanxi Agricultural University, joined the engineering college that year.1951 年 1 月 1 日，校名由国立山西大学改为山西大学，同年铭贤学院即今山西农业大学的机械、冶金两系并入工学院。
• The 1953 national restructuring dissolved Shanxi University, combining its arts and science colleges into Shanxi Normal College under the Ministry of Education, making medicine and engineering independent and passing law to a finance college that later joined Renmin University of China.1953 年院系调整取消山西大学建制，文理两院合并为教育部直属的山西师范学院，医、工两院独立建院，法学院改为财经学院后划归中国人民大学。
• Shanxi Normal College moved from Houjiaxiang to the present Wucheng Road campus in 1954 with seven departments, adding physics in 1955 while dropping its Russian and chemistry-physics sections.山西师范学院 1954 年由侯家巷迁入今天的坞城路校区，设七系八科，1955 年增设物理科并撤销俄语科与理化科。
• A second, smaller Shanxi University was set up in September 1959 with staff drawn from Nankai University and Tianjin Normal College, and in 1961 it was merged with Shanxi Normal College under the revived name Shanxi University.1959 年 9 月，一所规模较小的新山西大学成立，教师从南开大学、天津师范学院等校调入，当地人称之为「小山大」，1961 年它与山西师范学院合并，恢复山西大学校名。
• The provincial sports college and the provincial arts college were merged into the university in 1962, and the first worker-peasant-soldier students enrolled in April 1972.山西省体育学院与山西艺术学院于 1962 年并入，1972 年 4 月学校迎来首届工农兵大学生。
• Seven disciplines, among them Chinese modern history, ancient Chinese literature, philosophy, zoology and optics, gained master's degree authority in 1981, and the university became a doctoral degree-granting institution in 1993.1981 年学校首批七个学科获得硕士学位授予权，包括中国近代史、中国古代文学、哲学、动物学与光学，1993 年又成为博士学位授予单位。
• The university became co-built by the Ministry of Education and Shanxi province in May 2005, absorbed Taiyuan Electric Power College in June 2014, opened the Dongshan campus in August 2021 and added a Datong campus in September 2025.学校 2005 年 5 月成为教育部与山西省共建高校，2014 年 6 月并入太原电力高等专科学校，2021 年 8 月启用东山校区，2025 年 9 月又启用大同校区。

Academics

• As of May 2025 the university ran 87 undergraduate majors and was authorised to confer doctorates in 19 first-level disciplines, master's degrees in 35 first-level disciplines and in 24 professional categories, with 14 postdoctoral stations.截至 2025 年 5 月，学校设本科专业 87 个，拥有 19 个一级学科博士学位授权点、35 个一级学科硕士学位授权点、24 种硕士专业学位和 14 个博士后流动站。
• It enrolled 25,073 full-time undergraduates, 9,525 full-time master's students, 1,588 part-time master's students and 1,679 full-time doctoral students in the same year.同年学校有全日制本科生 25073 人、全日制硕士研究生 9525 人、非全日制硕士研究生 1588 人、全日制博士研究生 1679 人。
• Philosophy and physics form its Double First-Class designation, and the university hosts the State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, the base of its quantum optics research.哲学与物理学构成该校的「双一流」建设学科，学校设有量子光学与光量子器件国家重点实验室，这是其量子光学研究的基地。
• The Ministry of Education lists its Research Centre for Philosophy of Science and Technology as a key research base in the humanities and social sciences, a designation held by a small number of Chinese universities.教育部将该校科学技术哲学研究中心列为人文社会科学重点研究基地，全国获此称号的高校数量有限。
• Research infrastructure recorded by the university in 2020 included one state key laboratory, one ministry humanities base, two ministry key laboratories, two ministry engineering research centres and one national-local joint engineering laboratory.据学校 2020 年 5 月公布的数据，当时拥有国家重点实验室 1 个、教育部人文社科重点研究基地 1 个、教育部重点实验室 2 个、教育部工程研究中心 2 个、国家地方联合工程实验室 1 个。
• The two ministry key laboratories work on chemical biology and molecular engineering and on computational intelligence and Chinese information processing, while a laboratory under the environment ministry studies the resource recovery of coal waste.两个教育部重点实验室分别研究化学生物学与分子工程、计算智能与中文信息处理，环境保护部重点实验室则研究煤炭废弃物的资源化高效利用。
• It also held three 111 disciplinary innovation and talent introduction bases, one national base for international science and technology cooperation and two province-ministry collaborative innovation centres.学校还建有 3 个「111」学科创新引智基地、1 个国家国际科技合作基地和 2 个省部共建协同创新中心。
• At provincial level it counted nine Shanxi key laboratories, five collaborative innovation bases, four engineering research centres and seven key research bases in the humanities and social sciences.在省级层面，学校拥有山西省重点实验室 9 个、协同创新基地 5 个、工程研究中心 4 个以及人文社会科学重点研究基地 7 个。
• Physics and chemistry each have a national experimental teaching demonstration centre, and a national university science park, the Shanxi Zhongbei park, is run with local government partners.物理与化学各建有国家级实验教学示范中心，学校还与地方共建山西中北国家大学科技园。
• Its first seven master's disciplines in 1981 were modern Chinese history, ancient Chinese history, ancient Chinese literature, scientific socialism, philosophy, zoology and optics.1981 年首批获硕士授权的七个学科分别是中国近代史、中国古代史、中国古代文学、科学社会主义、哲学、动物学和光学。
• The graduate school began as a graduate office in 1988, became a graduate college in November 2001 and took its present name in June 2011.学校 1988 年正式成立研究生处，2001 年 11 月改为研究生学院，2011 年 6 月更名为研究生院。
• The university publishes the Journal of Philosophy of Science and Technology, the Journal of Shanxi University, a quantum optics journal, a library science journal and a power engineering journal.学校主办《科学技术哲学研究》《山西大学学报》《量子光学学报》《晋图学刊》和《电力学报》等刊物。
• Research units include an Institute of Opto-Electronics, an Institute of Molecular Science, an Institute of Loess Plateau Studies, an Institute of Theoretical Physics and a Centre for Science, Technology and Society.校内研究机构包括光电研究所、分子科学研究所、黄土高原研究所、理论物理研究所以及科技与社会研究所。
• The university belongs to the 111 Plan, the Excellence Plan for top students, the state programme for publicly funded graduate study abroad and the first batch of the Excellence Legal Talent Education and Training Programme.学校入选「111 计划」「英才计划」、国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目以及首批「卓越法律人才教育培养计划」。
• It is designated a national base for basic science research and teaching talent, a national cultural quality education base for students and a Ministry of Education demonstration base for study in China.学校被列为国家理科基础科学研究和教学人才培养基地、国家大学生文化素质教育基地和教育部来华留学示范基地。
• Among its institute-level units are a centre for regional social history, a centre for dialect and oral culture collections and a research centre named after the physicist Yang Zhenning.校内科研机构还包括中国社会史研究中心、方言与口传文化典藏研究中心以及杨振宁研究中心。

Campus

• The university operates four campuses, Wucheng, Dongshan, Dadongguan and Datong, which together cover 3,507.69 mu with 1.5448 million square metres of floor space as of May 2025.截至 2025 年 5 月，学校有坞城、东山、大东关、大同四个校区，总占地面积 3507.69 亩，建筑面积 154.48 万平方米。
• The main Wucheng campus on Wucheng Road dates from the 1954 move, when the site still lay in the southern suburbs of Taiyuan.位于坞城路的主校区源于 1954 年的迁校，当时校址仍属太原南郊。
• The original campus stood in Houjiaxiang inside the old city wall, on ground later occupied by Taiyuan Normal University.最初的校址设在太原城内侯家巷，即今太原师范学院所在地。
• The Dongshan campus opened on 28 August 2021 and gave the university a second site within Taiyuan.东山校区于 2021 年 8 月 28 日启用，使学校在太原市内拥有第二个校区。
• The Datong campus opened in September 2025 in the Pingcheng and Yungang districts of Datong, the northernmost city of Shanxi province.大同校区于 2025 年 9 月启用，位于山西省最北部大同市的平城区与云冈区。
• The Dadongguan campus was formed in June 2014 when Taiyuan Electric Power College was merged into the university.大东关校区形成于 2014 年 6 月，其前身是并入学校的太原电力高等专科学校。
• The Wucheng campus lies in Xiaodian District of Taiyuan, the provincial capital, and holds the university's main administration and central teaching buildings.坞城校区位于省会太原市小店区，容纳学校的主要行政机关与核心教学建筑。
• The engineering teaching building completed in 1917 was among the first purpose-built faculty buildings of the republican-era campus in Houjiaxiang.1917 年落成的工科教学大楼是侯家巷时期民国校园里最早一批专门建造的教学建筑之一。

Reputation

• The 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities places Shanxi University in the 401-500 band, a grouping that places it among the world's leading research universities.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名将山西大学列入第 401-500 名区间。
• U.S. News ranks it 928th in its 2026-2027 global universities list, while the university is not listed in the 2027 Times Higher Education world ranking or the 2027 QS world ranking.在 2026 至 2027 年度 U.S. News 全球大学榜单中，该校位列第 928 名，而 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名与 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名均未收录该校。
• In February 2022 it entered the second round of the Double First-Class Construction on the strength of philosophy and physics, the two disciplines the national programme singled out.2022 年 2 月，学校以哲学、物理学两个学科进入第二轮「双一流」建设高校行列，这两个学科正是国家计划点明的建设学科。
• In November 2012 it became the only university in Shanxi selected for the national project to raise the comprehensive strength of central and western universities, known as the one-province-one-university scheme.2012 年 11 月，学校成为山西省唯一入选国家「中西部高校综合实力提升工程」即「一省一校」工程的高校。
• Its partnership with the Ministry of Education dates from May 2005, when it became a university co-developed by the ministry and the provincial government.学校与教育部的共建关系始于 2005 年 5 月，当年它成为省部共建大学。
• Shanxi University belongs to the Z14 alliance of key provincial universities, the association of nine local comprehensive universities, the China east-west course sharing alliance and the Yellow River basin university alliance.学校是中西部「一省一校」国家重点建设大学联盟即 Z14 联盟、全国九所地方综合性大学协作会、中国东西部高校课程共享联盟和黄河流域大学联盟的成员。
• It was named a national demonstration university for deepening innovation and entrepreneurship education reform and one of the first bases for the transfer and commercialisation of scientific and technological achievements.学校入选全国首批深化创新创业教育改革示范高校，也是首批高等学校科技成果转化和技术转移基地之一。
• It joined the 111 Plan and the basic capacity construction project for central and western universities in 2012, both of which carry national funding for discipline building.学校于 2012 年入选「111 计划」和中西部高校基础能力建设工程，两项计划都为学科建设提供国家经费支持。

Student life

• Undergraduates outnumber postgraduate students by roughly two to one, with 25,073 full-time undergraduates against 11,113 master's students and 1,679 doctoral students in 2025.该校本科生规模约为研究生的两倍，2025 年有全日制本科生 25073 人，硕士生合计 11113 人，博士生 1679 人。
• It is a Ministry of Education demonstration base for study in China, a designation given to universities with established programmes for international students.学校是教育部来华留学示范基地，这一称号授予国际学生培养体系较为成熟的院校。
• The university runs a national cultural quality education base for students and a national base for transmitting fine traditional Chinese culture.学校建有国家大学生文化素质教育基地和中华优秀传统文化传承基地。
• Its KAB entrepreneurship education base and student KAB club give undergraduates a structured route into business plan training and venture practice.学校设有大学生 KAB 创业教育基地和 KAB 创业俱乐部，为本科生提供创业计划训练与创业实践的制度化通道。
• The university also hosts a national training base for social sports instructors, reflecting the physical education programmes that arrived with the 1962 merger of the provincial sports college.学校还是国家级社会体育指导员培训基地，这与 1962 年山西省体育学院并入后形成的体育教育传统相关。
• The merger of the provincial sports and arts colleges in 1962 brought music, fine arts and physical education into the curriculum, and both fields remain part of the university's teaching profile.1962 年山西省体育学院与山西艺术学院并入后，音乐、美术与体育进入课程体系，这两个领域至今仍是学校教学构成的组成部分。
• Student activism has a long record on the campus, beginning with the 1925 march against a housing tax that forced the provincial governor to abandon the levy.校园内的学生运动由来已久，最早可追溯到 1925 年反对房税的游行，那次行动迫使省督放弃征收该税。
• In July 1948 students stopped the canteen and struck to support the anti-hunger campaign in Beijing and Tianjin, pressing the university for higher public subsidies until it conceded.1948 年 7 月，学生罢灶罢工以呼应平津的反饥饿斗争，并向校方要求增加公费，最终迫使校方接受。

Notable people

• Sun Jianchu, a geologist, located the Yumen oilfield and is regarded as a founder of Chinese petroleum geology.地质学家孙健初探明了玉门油田，被视为中国石油地质的奠基人。
• Wang Yuelun became a geologist and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Zhu Rixiang followed the same path into the academy as a geophysicist.王曰伦是地质学家、中国科学院院士，朱日祥同样走上地质与地球物理之路并当选中国科学院院士。
• Xiao Yishan established a reputation as a historian of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and Huang Kan became one of the leading philologists and phonologists of his generation.萧一山以太平天国史研究著称，黄侃则成为他那一代最重要的语言文字学家与音韵学家之一。
• Yao Dianzhong was one of the seven graduate students taken by Zhang Taiyan in his later years and later received the lifetime achievement award of the Lanting calligraphy prize.姚奠中是章太炎晚年收录的七名研究生之一，后来获得中国书法「兰亭奖」终身成就奖。
• Jiang Han served as the first director of the Palace Museum, and Shi Jinmo practised as a physician of modern Chinese medicine.江翰出任故宫博物院第一任馆长，施今墨则是现代中医学家。
• Wang Shou, an agronomist, is credited as a founder of crop breeding and biostatistics in China.农学家王绶被认为是中国作物育种学与生物统计学的奠基人。
• Wu Weihua, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, teaches at China Agricultural University as a Changjiang scholar.武维华是中国科学院院士，在中国农业大学任长江学者。
• Zhao Xiangeng went on to preside over the China Academy of Engineering Physics, the country's principal nuclear weapons research institute.赵宪庚后来出任中国工程物理研究院院长，该院是中国主要的核武器研究机构。
• Li Yinhe became China's first woman sociologist to take sexuality as a research field.李银河成为中国首位以性为研究方向的女社会学家。
• Zhang Jing, who appears on the university's alumni roll, was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and holds a Changjiang distinguished professorship.张靖名列该校校友名录，当选中国科学院院士并获长江学者特聘教授称号。
• Peng Kunchi served as president from June 1991 to October 2000, a decade in which the university gained doctoral degree authority in 1993.彭堃墀于 1991 年 6 月至 2000 年 10 月担任校长，任内学校于 1993 年获得博士学位授予权。
• Jia Zhangke became one of the most prominent directors of Chinese independent cinema, and Tan Jing and Yan Weiwen built careers as nationally known singers.贾樟柯成为中国独立电影最具代表性的导演之一，谭晶与阎维文则成为全国知名的歌唱家。
• Jing Yaoyue helped draft the Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China, and Li Xuefeng later served as vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.景耀月是《中华民国临时约法》的起草委员之一，李雪峰后来担任全国人大常委会副委员长。
• Chang Yongxiang won a silver medal in wrestling at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the university's best-known Olympic result.常永祥在 2008 年北京奥运会摔跤项目上获得银牌，这是该校最知名的奥运成绩。