Shanghai International Studies University

Shanghai International Studies University (SISU) is a public foreign-language university in Shanghai, China, supervised by the Ministry of Education and co-funded by the ministry and the Shanghai municipal government, and it is not to be confused with Shanghai University or East China Normal University.上海外国语大学（Shanghai International Studies University，简称上外、SISU）是中国上海的一所公立外语大学，由教育部主管、教育部与上海市政府共建，需与上海大学和华东师范大学相区分。

Founded in December 1949 as the Shanghai Russian School, it was the People's Republic of China's first foreign-language school and now teaches 54 languages across 56 bachelor's, 50 master's and 22 doctoral programmes.该校于 1949 年 12 月以「上海俄文学校」之名创办，是中华人民共和国成立后的第一所外语学校，如今开设 54 种语言，拥有 56 个本科、50 个硕士与 22 个博士项目。

It enrols 12,764 students, including 3,076 international students, has more than 1,200 full-time faculty and staff, sits in the 1401+ band of the QS World University Rankings 2027 and ranks 1,693rd in the U.S. News Best Global Universities for 2026–2027.该校有 12764 名学生，其中留学生 3076 人，全职教职工超过 1200 人，在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位于 1401+ 区间，在 2026–2027 年度 U.S. News 全球大学排名中位列第 1693 位。

History

• In December 1949, on the proposal of Shanghai mayor Chen Yi, the East China Bureau of the Communist Party and the Shanghai municipal committee founded the Shanghai Russian School as an affiliate of East China People's Revolution University, with Jiang Chunfang as its first president.1949 年 12 月，在上海市市长陈毅的倡议下，中共中央华东局与上海市委创办了上海俄文学校，作为华东人民革命大学的附属学校，由姜椿芳出任首任校长。

• The school opened on Baoshan Road in the former Jinan University buildings, and in 1950 it added English, was renamed the Shanghai Foreign Language College affiliated to East China People's Revolution University, and moved to East Tiyuhui Road, the site of today's Hongkou campus.学校最初在宝山路原暨南大学校舍办学，1950 年增设英语，更名为华东人民革命大学附设外文专修学校，并迁至东体育会路，即今日虹口校区所在地。

• In April 1951 the college created a Department of Oriental Languages and Literatures and began teaching Burmese, Vietnamese and Indonesian, the first step beyond its original Russian and English focus.1951 年 4 月，学校设立东方语文系，开始教授缅甸语、越南语与印度尼西亚语，这是其突破俄语与英语范围的第一步。

• In March 1952 about 150 students from the Nanjing Foreign Language College of the People's Liberation Army East China Military Area transferred to the school, and by August it offered five languages, Russian, English, Burmese, Vietnamese and Indonesian.1952 年 3 月，中国人民解放军华东军区南京外语专科学校的约 150 名学生转入该校，到 8 月学校已开设俄语、英语、缅甸语、越南语与印度尼西亚语五个语种。

• A national restructuring of higher education in September 1952 moved the Oriental languages department to Peking University and renamed the institution Shanghai Russian College, a three-year school where the first Soviet experts helped compile Russian readers and conversation textbooks.1952 年 9 月的全国院系调整把东方语文系并入北京大学，学校改名为上海俄文专科学校，学制三年，首批苏联专家在此参与编写俄语读本与会话教材。

• By June 1956 the college had 241 teachers, including 90 from the Soviet Union and 151 Chinese, and had enrolled 3,998 students in seven cohorts, of whom 2,087 had graduated as Russian specialists.到 1956 年 6 月，学校有 241 名教师，其中苏联教师 90 人、中国教师 151 人，先后招收七期学生共 3998 人，已毕业 2087 名俄语专业人才。

• Approved by the State Council in 1956, the college became the Shanghai Foreign Language Institute, added English, French and German to Russian, and extended undergraduate study to four years.1956 年经国务院批准，学校升格为上海外国语学院，在俄语之外增设英语、法语与德语，本科学制延长为四年。

• On 12 September 1963 the State Council designated the institute a national key university directly under the Ministry of Education, and in the same year its affiliated foreign languages school opened for secondary pupils.1963 年 9 月 12 日，国务院将该校列为教育部直属的全国重点大学，同年其附属外国语学校开始招收中学生。

• The Cultural Revolution halted classes from May 1966, and military and workers' propaganda teams entered the campus in August 1968, interrupting teaching for most of a decade.文化大革命使学校自 1966 年 5 月起停课，1968 年 8 月军宣队与工宣队进驻校园，教学中断近十年。

• In 1970 the institute reopened a pilot class of 32 students in English and German, a small experiment that preceded the full resumption of enrolment two years later.1970 年，学校开办试点班，招收 32 名学员学习英语与德语，这一小规模试验为两年后全面恢复招生做了准备。

• In February 1972 the Shanghai Institute of Foreign Trade was merged into the foreign language institute, which resumed enrolment from 17 provinces and taught five cohorts totalling 2,542 students by 1976, while its Fengyang cadre school trained more than 600 Shanghai school leavers in seven languages.1972 年 2 月，上海对外贸易学院并入上海外国语学院，学校从 17 个省市区恢复招生，到 1976 年前后共招收五批 2542 名学生，其在凤阳的干校还为 600 余名上海应届高中生开设了七种语言培训。

• Unified national enrolment resumed in 1977 and the four-year curriculum was restored in 1978, when the institute also began admitting degree graduate students and the foreign trade college was re-established.1977 年学校恢复全国统一招生，1978 年恢复四年学制，同年开始招收学位研究生，上海对外贸易学院也复校。

• In 1979 the institute founded the Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press and a language testing centre, and with the Xuhui district government opened a branch that later became Shanghai University's International Business College.1979 年，学校成立上海外语教育出版社与外语考试中心，并与徐汇区政府合办分校，该分校后来成为上海大学国际商业学院。

• From 1982 the institute began turning itself from a mono-disciplinary language school into a multidisciplinary university, adding international journalism, international trade, economic law, accounting and teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and in September 1983 it won the right to award doctorates in English and Russian.自 1982 年起，学校从单一语种院校向多科性大学转型，增设国际新闻、国际贸易、经济法、会计与对外汉语等专业，并于 1983 年 9 月获得英语与俄语博士学位授予权。

• Approved by the State Education Commission in 1994, the institute was renamed Shanghai International Studies University and became one of the first universities jointly supervised by the commission and the Shanghai municipality.1994 年经国家教育委员会批准，学校更名为上海外国语大学，并成为首批由国家教委与上海市共同建设的高校之一。

• In 1996 SISU passed the evaluation for Project 211, the national scheme to build about one hundred key universities for the twenty-first century, consolidating its position among China's leading language institutions.1996 年，上外通过「211 工程」部门预审，进入这项面向 21 世纪重点建设约百所高校的国家计划，巩固了其在中国外语院校中的领先地位。

• A new campus was built in Shanghai's Songjiang University Town in 2000, and all undergraduates and first-year postgraduate students moved there, leaving the Hongkou campus for continuing education and research.2000 年，学校在上海松江大学城建成新校区，全部本科生与一年级研究生迁入，虹口校区则转向继续教育与科研用途。

• In January 2007 the university adopted the motto Integrity, Vision and Academic Excellence, replacing the earlier four-part motto and giving its multilingual education an explicit ethical and intellectual framing.2007 年 1 月，学校启用「格高志远，学贯中外」的新校训，以英文表述为「Integrity，Vision and Academic Excellence」，取代此前的四词校训，为多语种教育确立了明确的价值与学术取向。

• In May 2011 SISU hosted the twelfth World Russian Congress, bringing Russian-language scholars and teachers from around the world to Shanghai for a five-day programme.2011 年 5 月，上外主办第十二届世界俄语大会，来自世界各地的俄语学者与教师齐聚上海，参加为期五天的活动。

• On 11 April 2012 Turkish prime minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan visited SISU, gave a speech, signed a cooperation agreement with the Yunus Emre Institute and inaugurated the university's Turkish language programme.2012 年 4 月 11 日，土耳其总理雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安访问上外并发表演讲，随后出席上外与尤努斯·埃姆雷研究院的合作协议签约仪式，并为土耳其语专业揭牌。

• In September 2017 SISU was included in the Double First-Class University Initiative with foreign languages and literature as its designated first-class discipline, and four of its institutes were named in Shanghai's Belt and Road action plan the following month.2017 年 9 月，上外以外国语言文学为一流建设学科入选「双一流」建设名单，同年 10 月其四所研究机构被列入上海服务「一带一路」的行动计划。

Academics

• As of 31 December 2023 SISU taught 54 languages and offered 56 bachelor's, 50 master's and 22 doctoral programmes, together with three postdoctoral programmes, a breadth unusual for a university focused on foreign languages.截至 2023 年 12 月 31 日，上外教授 54 种语言，开设 56 个本科、50 个硕士与 22 个博士项目，并设有 3 个博士后项目，这一规模在外语类大学中并不多见。

• The university holds first-level doctoral authority in foreign languages and literature and in political science, with 12 second-level doctoral programmes, seven first-level master's disciplines, 30 second-level master's programmes and professional master's degrees in business administration, translation and interpreting, and teaching Chinese to speakers of other languages.该校拥有外国语言文学与政治学两个一级学科博士点，下设 12 个二级学科博士点、7 个一级学科硕士点与 30 个二级学科硕士点，并有工商管理、翻译与汉语国际教育三个专业硕士学位点。

• Three disciplines, English language and literature, Russian language and literature and Arabic language and literature, are national key disciplines, while Arabic and international relations are Shanghai municipal key disciplines.英语语言文学、俄语语言文学与阿拉伯语语言文学三个学科为国家级重点学科，阿拉伯语语言文学与国际关系则为上海市重点学科。

• The Middle East Studies Institute is a national key research base in the humanities and social sciences, the Western European language group covering Italian, Portuguese, Greek and Dutch is a national training base for less-commonly-taught languages, and ten undergraduate programmes hold national distinctive-major status.中东研究所是国家级人文社会科学重点研究基地，涵盖意大利语、葡萄牙语、希腊语与荷兰语的西欧语种群是国家非通用语种本科人才培养基地，另有 10 个本科专业为国家级特色专业。

• Teaching spans literature, education, economics, management and law, and the curriculum combines language proficiency with applied subjects such as international journalism, international trade, economic law, accounting and teaching Chinese as a foreign language.教学覆盖文学、教育学、经济学、管理学与法学五大学科门类，课程把语言能力与国际新闻、国际贸易、经济法、会计与对外汉语等应用学科结合起来。

• The Graduate Institute of Interpretation and Translation is rated at the highest level by the International Association of Conference Interpreters and is the only Asian member of the association's top fifteen professional interpreting schools.高级翻译学院获国际会议口译员协会最高评级，是该协会全球十五所顶级专业口译学院中唯一的亚洲成员。

• SISU operates more than 30 national key research centres, three national key think tanks and over 100 research institutions and centres, concentrated in foreign linguistics, area studies, translation and international relations.上外设有 30 多个国家级重点研究机构、3 个国家重点智库以及 100 多个研究机构与中心，集中在外语语言学、区域国别研究、翻译与国际关系领域。

• The university publishes 21 academic journals, including seven CSSCI core journals and eight English-language journals, and runs the Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press and the Shanghai Foreign Language Audiovisual Press.学校出版 21 种学术期刊，其中 7 种为 CSSCI 核心期刊、8 种为英文期刊，并办有上海外语教育出版社与上海外语音像出版社。

• The library system holds more than 1.3 million printed volumes and provides databases, e-books and language-learning resources to students and staff across both campuses.图书馆系统藏有逾 130 万册纸质图书，并为两个校区的师生提供数据库、电子书与语言学习资源。

• SISU has partnerships with more than 440 universities and institutions in 62 countries and regions, and it hosts nine Confucius Institutes, giving students unusually broad options for exchange and teaching practice abroad.上外与 62 个国家和地区的 440 多所大学与机构建立了合作关系，并承办 9 所孔子学院，为学生提供格外丰富的海外交流与教学实践机会。

• International students number 3,076, and 279 of the university's faculty members are international, making the campus one of the most internationally staffed in China.该校有 3076 名国际学生，教师中有 279 人来自海外，使其成为中国国际化程度最高的校园之一。

• Total enrolment is 12,764, comprising 9,688 Chinese and 3,076 international students, with 6,944 undergraduates and 4,096 postgraduates, taught by more than 1,200 full-time faculty and staff, including 819 Chinese and 279 international faculty members.全校共有 12764 名学生，包括 9688 名中国学生与 3076 名国际学生，其中本科生 6944 人、研究生 4096 人，由 1200 多名全职教职工执教，含 819 名中国教师与 279 名外籍教师。

• Under the Multilingual+ strategy adopted in November 2015, students are expected to master at least two second foreign languages, acquire intercultural communication skills and receive interdisciplinary training centred on area studies.在 2015 年 11 月推出的「多语种＋」战略下，学生需掌握至少两门第二外语，具备跨文化沟通能力，并接受以区域国别研究为核心的多学科训练。

• SISU is a Project 211 university and a Double First-Class institution whose designated discipline is foreign languages and literature, and it chairs the Ministry of Education's national advisory committee for foreign language teaching.上外是「211 工程」与「双一流」高校，一流建设学科为外国语言文学，并担任教育部高等学校外语专业教学指导委员会主任委员单位。

• Graduate education offers 50 master's and 22 doctoral programmes across languages, literature, translation studies, international relations, diplomacy, journalism, economics and management, with doctoral degrees in twelve fields including English, Russian, French, German, Japanese, Arabic and Asian and African languages.研究生教育开设 50 个硕士与 22 个博士项目，覆盖语言、文学、翻译研究、国际关系、外交、新闻、经济与管理，博士点包括英语、俄语、法语、德语、日语、阿拉伯语以及亚非语言文学等十二个领域。

• The university's language teaching is supported by a national base for less-commonly-taught European languages and by nine Confucius Institutes, and its graduates are expected to combine advanced language skills with a working knowledge of international affairs, trade, law or media.学校的语言教学以国家非通用语种基地与 9 所孔子学院为支撑，其毕业生被期望把高水平语言能力与国际事务、贸易、法律或媒体的实务知识结合起来。

Campus

• SISU has two campuses, the Hongkou campus of 16.9 hectares in central Shanghai and the Songjiang campus of 53.3 hectares in the southwestern suburbs, together covering about 70 hectares.上外有虹口与松江两个校区，位于上海市中心的虹口校区占地 16.9 公顷，位于西南郊的松江校区占地 53.3 公顷，两校区合计约 70 公顷。

• The Hongkou campus at 550 Dalian West Road has been the university's home since 1950, stands beside Lu Xun Park and the writer's former residence, and remains a base for continuing education, research and international programmes.虹口校区位于大连西路 550 号，自 1950 年起就是学校的所在地，毗邻鲁迅公园与鲁迅故居，如今仍是继续教育、科研与国际项目的基地。

• The Songjiang campus at 1550 Wenxiang Road opened in 2000 in Songjiang University Town, and its foreign-style buildings and landscaped grounds now house most undergraduate teaching.松江校区位于文翔路 1550 号，2000 年在松江大学城启用，其异国风格建筑与园林式环境如今承载大部分本科教学。

• The Hongkou site is close to the city's cultural and commercial centre, while the Songjiang site sits among the clustered universities of the university town, giving students two very different urban experiences.虹口校区靠近城市文化与商业中心，松江校区则坐落于大学城密集的高校群中，两个校区为学生提供截然不同的城市体验。

• The university library, with more than 1.3 million printed volumes and extensive electronic resources, is distributed across the campuses and serves as the main study space for students and researchers.藏书逾 130 万册并拥有大量电子资源的大学图书馆分布于两个校区，是学生与研究人员的主要学习空间。

• The university's World Languages Museum displays scripts, writing systems and language artefacts from around the world, and it supports the teaching of 54 languages and public outreach.上外的世界语言博物馆展示世界各地的文字、书写系统与语言文物，为 54 种语言的教学与公共传播提供支持。

• The university emblem shows an open book and growing olive branches, symbolising learning and peace, around the Chinese abbreviation Shangwai, the English initials SISU and the founding year 1949.校徽以展开的书本与茁壮的橄榄枝为主体，象征对学问的求索与对和平的向往，环绕着中文简称「上外」、英文缩写 SISU 与建校年份 1949。

• The Chinese name is set in characters gathered from Lu Xun's manuscripts and the English name in Sabon bold, while the school song, Song of SISU, was composed by Lu Zaiyi with lyrics by Wang Zhihui and Zhuang Kairen.中文校名采用从鲁迅手稿中集取的字形，英文校名使用 Sabon 粗体，校歌《上外之歌》由陆在易作曲、王志晖与庄开仁作词。

Reputation

• SISU is placed in the 1401+ band of the QS World University Rankings 2027, an open-ended final band shared by many institutions rather than a single numerical position.上外在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位于 1401+ 区间，这是由多所高校共享的开放式末段区间，而非某个具体名次。

• The university does not appear in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027, and it is absent from the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities, so its standing is carried mainly by QS, U.S. News and Chinese national assessments.该校未进入 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名，也未出现在 2026 年软科世界大学学术排名中，其声誉主要由 QS、U.S. News 与中国国内评估支撑。

• In the U.S. News Best Global Universities for 2026–2027 SISU is ranked 1,693rd, its only numerical position in the major global rankings for this cycle.在 2026–2027 年度 U.S. News 全球大学排名中，上外位列第 1693 位，这是它本轮主要全球榜单中唯一的数字名次。

• The university's QS record includes 651–700 globally in 2016, 76th in the QS BRICS ranking and 142nd in the QS Asian ranking in the same year, showing a much stronger position in the 2010s than in the 2027 band.上外的 QS 历史成绩包括 2016 年全球 651–700 区间、同年金砖国家排名第 76 位与亚洲排名第 142 位，显示其在 2010 年代的位置明显强于 2027 年区间。

• In the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2025, SISU's linguistics programme was placed 95th in the world, a strong subject-level result that reflects its core language research.在 2025 年 QS 世界大学学科排名中，上外语言学位居全球第 95 位，这一突出的学科成绩反映了其语言研究的核心实力。

• The Best Chinese Universities Ranking places SISU first in East China and second nationwide among universities specialising in language teaching and research.在软科中国大学排名中，上外位列华东地区语言类高校第一、全国语言类高校第二。

• Its Double First-Class status, with foreign languages and literature as the designated discipline, and its chairmanship of the Ministry of Education's foreign language teaching advisory committee give it national standing beyond the global rankings.上外以外国语言文学为一流建设学科入选「双一流」，并担任教育部高等学校外语专业教学指导委员会主任委员单位，这使其在国内的地位超出全球榜单所能反映的范围。

• The Graduate Institute of Interpretation and Translation's top-level AIIC rating, held by only fifteen schools worldwide, makes SISU a recognised centre for conference interpreter training in Asia.高级翻译学院拥有全球仅十五所院校获得的国际会议口译员协会最高评级，使上外成为亚洲公认的会议口译培训中心。

• Its 54-language curriculum and partnerships with more than 440 institutions in 62 countries give it a breadth of language coverage matched by few universities in the world.该校开设 54 种语言，并与 62 个国家的 440 多所机构合作，其语言覆盖广度在世界上少有大学能及。

• The university publishes 21 journals, including seven CSSCI core journals and eight English-language journals, and hosts three national key think tanks, giving its research a visible outlet in Chinese and international academic life.上外出版 21 种期刊，其中 7 种为 CSSCI 核心期刊、8 种为英文期刊，并设有 3 个国家重点智库，使其研究在中国与国际学术界都有可见的发表平台。

Student life

• The motto Integrity, Vision and Academic Excellence, adopted in 2007, and the slogan Interpret the World, Translate the Future, adopted in 2014, frame the university's public identity and its ceremonies.2007 年启用的校训「格高志远，学贯中外」与 2014 年提出的口号「诠释世界，翻译未来」共同塑造了学校的公共形象与典礼文化。

• Under the Multilingual+ strategy, undergraduates are encouraged to add two second foreign languages and an area-studies specialisation, and the combination shapes timetables, exchange choices and graduate destinations.在「多语种＋」战略下，本科生被鼓励加修两门第二外语与一个区域国别研究方向，这一组合影响着课表安排、交换选择与毕业去向。

• With 3,076 international students and 279 international faculty members, the campuses have a dense multilingual social life, and the nine Confucius Institutes extend that environment to partner universities abroad.3076 名国际学生与 279 名外籍教师使校园形成密集的多语种社交生活，9 所孔子学院则把这一环境延伸到海外合作院校。

• The Hongkou campus, beside Lu Xun Park in one of Shanghai's older central districts, gives students access to museums, theatres and bookshops.虹口校区毗邻鲁迅公园，位于上海较早开发的中心城区，学生可以方便地使用博物馆、剧院与书店。

• The Songjiang campus in the university town has a residential atmosphere, with dormitories and dining halls grouped among the foreign-style teaching buildings and green grounds.位于大学城的松江校区具有住宿制氛围，宿舍与食堂分布在异国风格的教学楼与绿地之间。

• Student activities include the Shanghai International Model United Nations, and the university hosts public lectures and cultural events tied to its foreign-language programmes.学生活动包括上海国际模拟联合国大会，学校还举办与外语专业相关的公开讲座与文化活动。

• The World Languages Museum and the library system provide exhibition, study and research spaces that are open to students.世界语言博物馆与图书馆系统为学生提供展览、学习与研究空间。

• Both campuses provide sports grounds and fitness facilities, and the university's arts and athletics programmes organise events during the academic year.两个校区均设运动场与健身设施，学校的艺术与体育项目在学年内组织各类活动。

Notable people

• Jiang Chunfang, a leading Russian translator and the first chief editor of the Encyclopedia of China, was the school's first president in 1949 and shaped its early Russian-language curriculum.姜椿芳是中国著名俄语翻译家、《中国大百科全书》首任总编辑，1949 年出任学校首任校长，塑造了早期的俄语课程体系。

• Chen Yi, then mayor of Shanghai and later a marshal of the People's Liberation Army, proposed the creation of the Russian school in 1949 and secured the political support that made its founding possible.陈毅时任上海市市长，后为中国人民解放军元帅，他于 1949 年倡议创办这所俄文学校，为其成立争取了关键的政治支持。

• Vicki Garvin, an African American labour and civil rights activist, became the first African American college instructor to teach in China when she joined the Shanghai Foreign Language Institute in 1964.薇琪·加文是美国黑人工运与民权活动家，1964 年到上海外国语学院任教，成为首位在中国高校执教的非裔美国人。

• Wei Zhe, an alumnus, was chief executive officer of Alibaba Group, one of several graduates who moved from languages into business leadership.校友卫哲曾任阿里巴巴集团首席执行官，是众多从语言专业走向商业领导岗位的毕业生之一。

• Wang Yeping, an alumna, is the wife of former Chinese president Jiang Zemin and a former first lady of China.校友王冶坪是中国前国家主席江泽民的夫人、中国前第一夫人。

• Zhang Jianmin, an alumnus, is a career diplomat who has served as Consul General of China in San Francisco and in senior posts in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.校友张建敏是职业外交官，曾任中国驻旧金山总领事，并在外交部担任高级职务。

• Zhou Shuchun, an alumnus, is editor-in-chief of China Daily, the country's flagship English-language newspaper.校友周树春是中国英文旗舰报纸《中国日报》的总编辑。

• Li Jinjun, an alumnus, is a former vice minister of the International Liaison Department of the Communist Party and served as China's ambassador to the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.校友李进军曾任中共中央对外联络部副部长，并出任中国驻朝鲜民主主义人民共和国大使。

• Zhang Hanhui, an alumnus, is China's ambassador to Russia and previously served as ambassador to Kazakhstan, one of many SISU graduates in the diplomatic service.校友张汉晖现任中国驻俄罗斯大使，此前曾任驻哈萨克斯坦大使，是众多在外交系统任职的上外毕业生之一。

• Joan Chen, an alumna, is an actress, director, screenwriter and producer who moved from Shanghai to Hollywood and became one of the best-known Chinese-American performers of her generation.校友陈冲是演员、导演、编剧与制片人，从上海走向好莱坞，成为同代最知名的华裔美国演员之一。

• Meng Zhongjie has served as president of SISU since December 2025, while Yin Dongmei is chair of the University Council, the two posts that lead the university's academic and political administration.孟钟捷自 2025 年 12 月起任上外校长，尹冬梅任校党委书记，这两个职位分别领导学校的学术与党务行政工作。

• The university's alumni network extends through Chinese diplomacy, state media, foreign trade and international organisations.上外的校友网络遍及中国外交、国家媒体、对外贸易与国际组织。