Physical Review

《物理评论》（Physical Review，常用缩写 Phys. Rev.）是美国物理学会（APS）出版的物理学综合性期刊，1893 年创刊，1970 年停刊并拆分为《物理评论 A》至《物理评论 D》四个分辑，是现代物理学最具影响力的期刊谱系之一。Physical Review (commonly abbreviated Phys. Rev.) was a general physics journal published by the American Physical Society (APS), founded in 1893 and ceased in 1970 when it was split into Physical Review A through D, and is one of the most influential journal lineages in modern physics.

Scope

刊物在停刊前为物理学综合性期刊，官方声明的征稿范围覆盖整个物理学领域：Before it ceased publication the journal was a general physics title whose official scope covered the entire field of physics:

• 物理学全谱： 涵盖原子、分子、凝聚态、核、粒子、光学、等离子体与统计物理等所有分支的原创研究论文。Full spectrum of physics: original research papers across all branches, including atomic, molecular, condensed matter, nuclear, particle, optical, plasma and statistical physics.
• 快报栏目： 1929 年增设「致编辑的信」（Letters to the Editor）栏目，用于快速发表重要物理学新发现，后发展为独立的《物理评论快报》。Letters section: a Letters to the Editor section was introduced in 1929 for the prompt publication of important new discoveries in physics, which later developed into the independent Physical Review Letters.
• 栏目设置： 接受原创研究论文与快讯，亦发表评述与勘误，是二十世纪上半叶物理学研究发表的主要渠道之一。Article types: original research papers and letters, together with commentaries and errata, and it was one of the principal publication outlets for physics research in the first half of the twentieth century.

History

• 创刊与第一系列： 1893 年 7 月由康奈尔大学创办，至 1912 年 12 月共出版 33 卷，称为「第一系列」（Series I）。Founding and Series I: founded in July 1893 by Cornell University, 33 volumes were published through December 1912, known as Series I.
• APS 接管与第二系列： 美国物理学会于 1899 年成立，1913 年接管出版并重新编号卷号，开始「第二系列」（Series II），至 1969 年 12 月共出版 188 卷。APS takeover and Series II: the American Physical Society, founded in 1899, took over publication in 1913 and restarted the volume numbering, beginning Series II, which ran for 188 volumes through December 1969.
• 出版频率： 早期为月刊，1929 年起改为两周一期，后改为周刊，以加快论文发表速度。Publication frequency: originally monthly, it changed to fortnightly in 1929 and later to weekly to speed up publication of papers.
• 停刊与拆分： 1970 年《物理评论》停刊，拆分为《物理评论 A》（原子、分子与光学物理）、《物理评论 B》（凝聚态物理）、《物理评论 C》（核物理）与《物理评论 D》（粒子与场论）四个独立期刊。Closure and split: Physical Review ceased in 1970 and was split into four independent journals, Physical Review A (atomic, molecular and optical physics), Physical Review B (condensed matter physics), Physical Review C (nuclear physics) and Physical Review D (particles and fields).

Editors

编辑部在不同时期由多位著名物理学家担任主编，成员来自美国主要物理学研究机构：Across its history the editorial office was led by several prominent physicists, with staff drawn from major American physics research institutions:

• 早期主编： 1913 至 1926 年间由 G. S. 富尔彻（G. S. Fulcher）在康奈尔大学主持，1926 年起迁至明尼苏达大学，由约翰·托伦斯·泰特（John Torrence Tate）担任主编。Early editors-in-chief: G. S. Fulcher led the journal at Cornell University from 1913 to 1926, after which it moved to the University of Minnesota and John Torrence Tate became editor-in-chief.
• 编辑模式： 实行主编负责制，由主编与编委共同负责稿件的评审与决策，编辑部分设于美国大学与美国物理学会办公室。Editorial model: it operated under an editor-in-chief model, with the editor and the editorial board jointly responsible for peer review and decisions, and the editorial office divided between American universities and the APS office.
• 谱系延续： 1970 年拆分后，《物理评论》的编辑传统与评审标准由各分辑及后续新增的《物理评论 E》《物理评论 X》《物理评论应用》等期刊继承。Legacy continued: after the 1970 split, the editorial traditions and peer review standards of Physical Review were carried on by the divided sections and later additions such as Physical Review E, Physical Review X and Physical Review Applied.
• 历史地位： 作为二十世纪上半叶物理学的核心期刊，《物理评论》发表了相对论、量子力学、核物理与凝聚态物理等领域的大量奠基性论文，停刊后无当前影响因子。Historical standing: as a core physics journal of the first half of the twentieth century, Physical Review published numerous foundational papers in relativity, quantum mechanics, nuclear physics and condensed matter physics, and it carries no current impact factor after its closure.