Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, commonly known as RUDN University and, since 2023, officially named after Patrice Lumumba, is a public research university on Miklukho-Maklaya Street in the south-west of Moscow, Russia.俄罗斯人民友谊大学，通称 RUDN 大学，自 2023 年起正式恢复帕特里斯·卢蒙巴冠名，是位于俄罗斯莫斯科西南区米克卢霍—马克拉亚街的一所公立研究型大学。

It was established on 5 February 1960 by a resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Council of Ministers of the USSR to train qualified specialists for countries that had recently won independence from colonial rule.该校于 1960 年 2 月 5 日依苏联共产党中央委员会与苏联部长会议的决议创建，旨在为刚刚摆脱殖民统治的国家培养高水平专业人才。

In the 2027 QS World University Rankings the university is placed 359th, it falls in the 801-1000 band of the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, it stands 882nd in the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities, and it does not appear in the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities, while OpenAlex credits it with 50,833 research works and 477,102 citations.该校在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中位列第 359，在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中处于 801 至 1000 区间，在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中位列第 882，未进入软科 2026 世界大学学术排名主榜，OpenAlex 统计其研究成果 50,833 项、累计被引 477,102 次。

History

• RUDN was founded on 5 February 1960 as the Peoples' Friendship University, and the All-Union Central Soviet of Trade Unions, the Soviet Afro-Asian Solidarity Committee and the Soviet Associations Union of Friendship and Intercultural Relationship were named as its founders.友谊大学于 1960 年 2 月 5 日创办，全苏工会中央委员会、苏联亚非团结委员会以及苏联对外友好与文化联系协会联合会被列为创办方。

• Sergey Vasilievich Rumiantsev, a Doctor of Engineering, was the first rector and served until 1970, while in 1960 Russian-language courses for international students began at the preparatory faculty.工学博士谢尔盖·瓦西里耶维奇·鲁缅采夫出任首任校长并任职至 1970 年，同年预科系开始为国际学生开设俄语课程。

• On 1 September 1960 teaching started in six main faculties, namely engineering, history and philology, medicine, agriculture, science, and law and economics.1960 年 9 月 1 日，工程、历史语文、医学、农业、自然科学以及法律与经济六个主要系科开始授课。

• On 22 February 1961 the university was renamed Patrice Lumumba University after the Congolese independence leader Patrice Lumumba, who had been killed in a coup that January.1961 年 2 月 22 日，该校以刚果独立运动领袖帕特里斯·卢蒙巴命名，他已于同年 1 月的一场政变中遇害。

• In 1964 the university joined the International Association of Universities and gained the right to send official representatives to the World Festival of Youth and Students.1964 年，该校加入国际大学协会，并获得向世界青年与学生联欢节派出官方代表的权利。

• The first 288 students, drawn from 47 countries, graduated in 1965, and international construction teams and the first student KVN teams were organised around that time.首批 288 名学生来自 47 个国家，于 1965 年毕业，同期还组建了国际建设队与最初的学生 KVN 知识竞赛队。

• In 1975 the university received the Order of Friendship of Peoples of the Soviet Union in recognition of its work in training specialists from Asia, Africa and Latin America.1975 年，该校因在培养亚洲、非洲与拉丁美洲专业人才方面的贡献而被授予苏联人民友谊勋章。

• Vladimir Frantsevich Stanis became the second rector and headed the university from 1970 to 1993, proclaiming a cult of knowledge and extending in 1972 the length of study so that medicine rose from five years to six.弗拉基米尔·弗兰采维奇·斯坦尼斯出任第二任校长，自 1970 年至 1993 年主持校务，倡导崇尚知识的学风，并于 1972 年延长学制，使医学由五年增至六年。

• By 1975 the university had produced more than 5,600 graduates, of whom 4,250 came from 89 foreign countries.到 1975 年，该校已培养出 5,600 余名毕业生，其中 4,250 人来自 89 个外国。

• On 5 February 1992 the university was renamed the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia by the government of the Russian Federation, which remains its founder.1992 年 2 月 5 日，作为创办方的俄罗斯联邦政府将校名改为俄罗斯人民友谊大学。

• During the 1990s new faculties and institutes were created, including those of ecology, economics, law, philology, humanities and social sciences, foreign languages, distance learning, hospitality and tourism, and gravitation and cosmology.20 世纪 90 年代新设了一批系科与研究机构，包括生态、经济、法律、语文、人文与社会科学、外国语、远程教育、酒店管理与旅游，以及引力与宇宙学等。

• From 1993 to 1998 the university was headed by Vladimir Filippov, a 1973 graduate, and from 1998 to 2005 by Dmitry Petrovich Bilibin, who was acting rector until 2004.1993 年至 1998 年，1973 届毕业生弗拉基米尔·菲利波夫主持校务，1998 年至 2005 年则由德米特里·彼得罗维奇·比利宾领导，他在 2004 年前一直担任代理校长。

• Filippov was re-elected rector on 4 March 2005 and has headed the university since then, and in the 2010s more than 77,000 graduates were working in 170 countries, among them over 5,500 holders of doctoral degrees.菲利波夫于 2005 年 3 月 4 日再次当选校长并自此主持校务；进入 2010 年代，逾 77,000 名毕业生分布在全球 170 个国家工作，其中 5,500 余人拥有博士学位。

• On 24 November 2003 a fire broke out in a student dormitory and killed 41 students, twelve of them Chinese, after which the university adopted strict fire-safety regulations and installed alarms in every hall.2003 年 11 月 24 日，一栋学生宿舍楼发生火灾，造成 41 名学生死亡，其中 12 人为中国留学生；此后学校制定了严格的消防安全规章，并在每栋宿舍安装报警装置。

• In 2000 the university opened a UNESCO chair in comparative education policy, and in 2009 it became the Russian-side institution and coordinator for the ecology direction of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation University.2000 年，该校开设了联合国教科文组织下属的教育政策比较教研组；2009 年又成为上海合作组织大学生态学方向的俄方院校与总协调方。

• In 2011 RUDN took first place among Russian universities in a national ranking for international activity, and by 2014 more than 29,000 graduate and postgraduate students from 140 countries were studying there.2011 年，该校在国际活动方面位列俄罗斯高校排名第一；至 2014 年，来自 140 个国家的研究生与进修生超过 29,000 人在校学习。

• By a presidential decree of 12 March 2012, RUDN, Moscow State University and Saint Petersburg State University were granted the right to design and control their own academic programmes.根据 2012 年 3 月 12 日的总统令，俄罗斯人民友谊大学与莫斯科国立大学、圣彼得堡国立大学获准自主设计并自主管理教学计划。

• In March 2022 the university was suspended from the European University Association, together with eleven other Russian institutions, after its rector expressed support for the Russian invasion of Ukraine.2022 年 3 月，因校长表态支持俄罗斯对乌克兰的军事行动，该校与其他 11 所俄罗斯院校一同被暂停欧洲大学协会成员资格。

• In March 2023 the name of Patrice Lumumba was returned to the university, which since then has been officially styled the Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.2023 年 3 月，帕特里斯·卢蒙巴之名被重新冠于该校，自此其正式名称为帕特里斯·卢蒙巴俄罗斯人民友谊大学。

• A new faculty of the Russian language and general educational disciplines was opened on the main campus, and in the 2020s the university continued to expand its institutes and research centres in Moscow.主校区内新设了俄语与普通教育学科系，进入 2020 年代后该校继续在莫斯科扩展其研究机构与科研中心。

Academics

• The Agrarian Technological Institute was founded in 1961 and has about 1,000 students, five teaching and research departments and more than 100 teachers, including 26 full professors and 66 PhDs.农业技术学院创办于 1961 年，现有约 1,000 名学生、五个教学与研究系，以及 100 余名教师，其中包括 26 位教授与 66 位博士。

• The Faculty of Humanitarian and Social Sciences was founded in 1996 after the reorganisation of the historical-philological faculty and has more than 2,500 students, twelve departments and more than 250 teachers.人文与社会科学系于 1996 年在历史语文系重组后成立，现有 2,500 余名学生、十二个系，以及 250 余名教师。

• The Engineering Academy was founded in 1961 and has more than 2,600 students, sixteen departments and more than 240 teachers, among them 46 full professors and 110 PhDs.工程学院创办于 1961 年，现有 2,600 余名学生、十六个系，以及 240 余名教师，其中包含 46 位教授与 110 位博士。

• The Faculty of the Russian Language and General Educational Disciplines was founded in 1960 and teaches Russian to international students, with more than 1,000 students from over 140 countries each year.俄语与普通教育学科系创办于 1960 年，为国际学生教授俄语，每年有来自 140 多个国家的 1,000 余名学生在此学习。

• The Institute for Medicine was founded in 1961 and has more than 2,300 students, 43 departments and two independent courses, with 420 lecturers and fourteen clinical laboratories.医学研究所创办于 1961 年，现有 2,300 余名学生、43 个系与两个独立课程组，配备 420 名教师及十四个临床实验室。

• The Faculty of Science was founded in 1961 and has about 900 students, sixteen departments and about 280 lecturers, including 65 full professors and 160 PhDs.自然科学系创办于 1961 年，现有约 900 名学生、十六个系与约 280 名教师，其中包括 65 位教授与 160 位博士。

• The Philological Faculty was founded in 1996 after the reorganisation of the historical-philological faculty and has more than 2,800 students and nine departments.语文系于 1996 年在历史语文系重组后成立，现有 2,800 余名学生与九个系。

• The Ecological Faculty was founded in 1992 and has 514 students and eight departments, covering system ecology, human ecology, eco-monitoring, radioecology and geoinformation technologies.生态系创办于 1992 年，现有 514 名学生与八个系，涵盖系统生态学、人类生态学、生态监测、放射生态学与地理信息技术。

• The Faculty of Economics was founded in 1995 after the reorganisation of the faculty of economics and law and has more than 1,500 students, ten departments and two laboratories.经济系于 1995 年在经济与法律系重组后成立，现有 1,500 余名学生、十个系与两个实验室。

• The Law Institute was founded in 1995 and has more than 1,800 students and nine departments, with about 180 faculty members including 32 full professors and 71 PhDs.法律研究所创办于 1995 年，现有 1,800 余名学生与九个系，约 180 名教师，其中包括 32 位教授与 71 位博士。

• Research units include the Academic-Research Institute of Gravitation and Cosmology, the Institute of World Economy and Business and the Institute of Medico-Biological Problems.研究机构包括引力与宇宙学学术研究所、世界经济与商业研究所以及医学生物学问题研究所。

• The university staff numbers about 5,000 employees, among them 442 professors and Doctors of Science, 807 associate professors and 91 academicians and corresponding members of Russian academies.全校教职工约 5,000 人，其中含 442 位教授与科学博士、807 位副教授，以及 91 位俄罗斯各科学院的院士与通讯院士。

• The university awards bachelor's degrees after four years, state specialist degrees after five, medical doctor degrees after six, master's degrees after two more years and doctorates and higher doctorates thereafter.该校授予四年制学士学位、五年制专家学位、六年制医学博士学位，以及其后两年制的硕士学位与更高层次的博士与科学博士学位。

• Lecturers train specialists in 62 majors, more than 77,000 graduates work in 170 countries, and the university's knowledge base holds about 870 copyright certificates and 150 Russian Federation patents.教师按 62 个专业方向培养人才，逾 77,000 名毕业生在 170 个国家工作，学校知识库收录约 870 份版权证书与 150 项俄罗斯联邦专利。

• In 2007 the university's project on building an innovative educational environment was supported by the national Education priority project of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia.2007 年，该校关于营造创新教育环境的项目获得俄罗斯联邦教育与科学部“教育”国家优先项目的支持。

• Nine of its programmes, in mathematics, applied mathematics, fundamental sciences and information technology, law, international relations and economics, won the Russian competition for innovative educational programmes in 2011-2012.2011 至 2012 学年，该校在数学、应用数学、基础科学与信息技术、法理、国际关系与经济九个方向的课程在俄罗斯优秀教育创新项目竞赛中获胜。

• The university library holds more than two million volumes in many languages, and the university has signed more than 160 cooperation contracts with foreign universities and academic centres.学校图书馆藏有逾 200 万册多语种图书，学校还与海外高校及学术中心签署了 160 余份合作合同。

Campus

• The main campus runs along Miklukho-Maklaya Street from Leninsky Prospect towards Volgina Street, and its central building is known as the Cross because of its shape.主校区沿米克卢霍—马克拉亚街自列宁大道延伸至沃尔金街，其中心主楼因外形而被称作“十字架”。

• On the even-numbered side stand the faculties of medicine and agriculture, the sports complex, the polyclinic, the archives and the new building of the faculty of the Russian language.沿街双号一侧分布着医学系与农业系、体育综合馆、校医院、档案馆，以及俄语系的新楼。

• The Engineering Academy and the Faculty of Science occupy the campus at number 3 Ordzhonikidze Street, whose block at 3/4 was built in 1913 by Boris Alberti as a parochial school with a church named after Duke Vladimir.工程学院与自然科学系位于奥尔忠尼启则街 3 号校区，其中 3/4 号楼由鲍里斯·阿尔贝蒂于 1913 年建成，原为一所附设弗拉基米尔公爵教堂的教区学校。

• The building at 3/1 Ordzhonikidze Street was built in 1930 as the main house of the Military Academy of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces, and the complex has been used by the university since 1960.奥尔忠尼启则街 3/1 号楼建于 1930 年，曾是苏联武装力量总参谋部军事学院的主楼，该建筑群自 1960 年起由该校使用。

• The Ecological Faculty is based at number 8 Podolskoe Street and the faculty of refresher training for health care professionals occupies premises on Leninsky Avenue.生态系设于波多尔斯科耶街 8 号，而医疗卫生人员进修系则位于列宁大道上的校舍。

• The student town stands next to a metro station and comprises thirteen dormitory and apartment blocks, a large sports and cultural centre, and the university's own television station and broadcasting studio.学生城紧邻地铁站，由十三栋宿舍楼与公寓楼、一座大型体育文化中心，以及学校自有的电视台与转播制作中心组成。

• The sports complex includes three football pitches, one indoor football hall, four outdoor and one indoor basketball courts and nine indoor tennis courts, alongside gymnasiums for students.体育综合区设有三个足球场、一个室内足球馆、四个室外与一个室内篮球场，以及九个室内网球场，并配有面向学生的各类体育馆。

• Around the main campus are city hospital number 25, the university's medical aid centre, a police station, an immigration office and the Interclub international cultural centre, and the university also runs a branch in Sochi.主校区周边设有市立第 25 号医院、学校医疗救助中心、警察局、移民事务处以及“国际俱乐部”国际文化中心，该校还在索契设有一处分校。

Reputation

• In the 2027 QS World University Rankings RUDN is placed 359th, and in the 2027 Times Higher Education World University Rankings it falls within the 801-1000 band.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，俄罗斯人民友谊大学位列第 359；在 2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中处于 801 至 1000 区间。

• In the 2026-2027 U.S. News Best Global Universities ranking the university stands 882nd, and it does not appear in the main table of the 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities.在 2026 至 2027 年度 US News 全球最佳大学排名中，该校位列第 882；在 2026 年世界大学学术排名中则未进入主榜。

• In the same 2027 Times Higher Education ranking of the previous cycle the university had also been placed in the 801-1000 band, showing a stable position.在上一周期的 2026 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中，该校同样处于 801 至 1000 区间，显示出稳定的排位。

• In the mid-1980s the university was dubbed the Oxford of Russia because of the fame it achieved within a short period after its foundation.20 世纪 80 年代中期，该校因建校后短期内取得的声望而被称为俄罗斯的牛津。

• RUDN reports partnerships with more than 2,500 foreign universities and research centres and has signed more than 160 cooperation contracts across Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas.该校声称与 2,500 余所海外高校及研究中心建立伙伴关系，并在亚洲、非洲、欧洲与美洲签署了 160 余份合作合同。

• The university is a member of the International Association of Universities and the Eurasian Universities Association, and until 2022 it belonged to the European University Association.该校是国际大学协会与欧亚大学协会的成员，在 2022 年之前也曾属于欧洲大学协会。

• In 2011 RUDN ranked first among Russian universities for international activity, reflecting its long-standing orientation towards students from across the developing world.2011 年，该校在国际活动方面位列俄罗斯高校第一，体现出其长期面向发展中世界各国学生的办学取向。

• According to OpenAlex the university has produced 50,833 research works attracting 477,102 citations, which places it among the research-active universities of the region.据 OpenAlex 统计，该校已产出 50,833 项研究成果，累计被引 477,102 次，位居本地区科研活跃的高校之列。

• The university acts as the coordinator for the ecology direction of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation University, an international network of partner institutions across member states.该校担任上海合作组织大学生态学方向的协调单位，该大学是成员国伙伴院校组成的国际合作网络。

Student life

• The first student KVN teams, a form of competitive student comedy, appeared in the 1960s, and international construction teams also began to be organised in that decade.最初的 KVN 学生知识竞赛队出现在 20 世纪 60 年代，同期还开始组建国际建设队。

• The Interclub international cultural centre organises festivals and gatherings that bring together students of the more than 150 nations represented on campus.“国际俱乐部”国际文化中心举办各类节日与聚会，汇聚校园内 150 多个民族与国家的学生。

• Students are entitled to two routine health examinations each year, and the campus polyclinic and the university's medical aid centre provide year-round care.学生每年可接受两次常规体检，校医院与学校医疗救助中心提供全年医疗服务。

• The Institute for Medicine runs the student scientific society, the young medical doctors' community and the students' theatre Hippocrates, which hosts lectures on literature, music and history.医学研究所设有学生科学协会、青年医生社群，以及学生剧团“希波克拉底”，后者举办文学、音乐与历史讲座。

• The student town's dormitories stand beside the metro, and the surrounding canteens and cafes serve cuisines from many parts of the world.学生城的宿舍紧邻地铁，周边的食堂与咖啡厅供应来自世界多地的各式饮食。

• International students normally spend their first year at the preparatory faculty studying Russian before moving to the main faculties of the university.国际学生通常先在预科系学习一年俄语，之后才进入学校各主要院系就读。

• The campus sports centre and stadiums host football, basketball and tennis, and the university organises regular student festivals and competitions through its cultural centre.校园体育中心与各运动场地承办足球、篮球与网球活动，学校还通过其文化中心定期举办学生节庆与竞赛。

• After the dormitory fire of 2003 the university introduced demanding fire-safety rules, installed alarm equipment in every hall and holds unannounced night drills.2003 年宿舍火灾之后，学校制定了严格的消防安全规定，在每栋宿舍安装报警器材，并举行不定期的夜间演练。

Notable people

• Founding-era figures include Sergey Vasilievich Rumiantsev, the first rector from 1960 to 1970, and Vladimir Frantsevich Stanis, the second rector, who led the university from 1970 to 1993.创校时期的人物包括 1960 年至 1970 年的首任校长谢尔盖·瓦西里耶维奇·鲁缅采夫，以及自 1970 年至 1993 年主持校务的第二任校长弗拉基米尔·弗兰采维奇·斯坦尼斯。

• Vladimir Filippov, rector since 2005 and a 1973 graduate, previously served as Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and chairs the Higher Attestation Commission.弗拉基米尔·菲利波夫自 2005 年起任校长，本人是 1973 届毕业生，此前曾任俄罗斯联邦科学与教育部部长，并兼任最高学位评定委员会主席。

• Ali Khamenei, the Supreme Leader of Iran, is among the most prominent graduates of the university.伊朗最高领袖阿里·哈梅内伊是该校最知名的毕业生之一。

• Mahmoud Abbas, president of the Palestinian Authority, and Daniel Ortega, president of Nicaragua, both studied at the university.巴勒斯坦民族权力机构主席马哈茂德·阿巴斯与尼加拉瓜总统丹尼尔·奥尔特加都曾在该校学习。

• Other heads of state among its alumni include Hifikepunye Pohamba, president of Namibia from 2005 to 2015, Bharrat Jagdeo, president of Guyana from 1999 to 2011, and Porfirio Lobo of Honduras.其校友中的其他元首还包括 2005 年至 2015 年任纳米比亚总统的希菲凯普涅·波汉巴、1999 年至 2011 年任圭亚那总统的巴拉特·贾格迪奥，以及洪都拉斯的波尔菲里奥·洛沃。

• Michel Djotodia, former president of the Central African Republic, and Youssouf Saleh Abbas, former prime minister of Chad, also count among the university's graduates.中非共和国前总统米歇尔·乔托迪亚与前乍得总理优素福·萨利赫·阿巴斯也属于该校毕业生。

• Karim Massimov, a former prime minister of Kazakhstan, and Tamar Beruchashvili, former foreign minister of Georgia, studied at the institution.哈萨克斯坦前总理卡里姆·马西莫夫与格鲁吉亚前外交部长塔玛尔·贝鲁恰什维利均曾就读于该校。

• Anna Chapman, a Russian intelligence officer and media personality, Alexei Navalny, a lawyer and opposition politician, and Irina Khakamada, an economist and politician, are numbered among its alumni.俄罗斯特工兼媒体人物安娜·查普曼、律师与反对派政治人物阿列克谢·纳瓦尔尼，以及经济学家与政治人物伊琳娜·哈卡马达都被列为该校校友。

• Emeritus professors of the university include Sam Nujoma of Namibia, José Eduardo dos Santos of Angola, Thabo Mbeki of South Africa and Sheikh Hasina of Bangladesh.该校的名誉教授包括纳米比亚的萨姆·努乔马、安哥拉的若泽·爱德华多·多斯·桑托斯、南非的塔博·姆贝基，以及孟加拉的谢赫·哈西娜。

• Viktor Alekseevich Frolov, who lived from 1936 to 2016, was dean of the medical faculty, a professor, academician and medical scientist at the university.维克托·阿列克谢耶维奇·弗罗洛夫生于 1936 年、卒于 2016 年，曾任医学系主任，是该校的教授、院士与医学科学家。

• Chinese students have formed a large contingent at the university since the 1960s, and Chinese graduates of its Russian-language courses have gone on to careers in diplomacy and business.自 20 世纪 60 年代以来，中国学生在该校形成庞大群体，其俄语课程的不少中国毕业生此后投身外交与商贸事业。