Ohio University

Ohio University (OHIO or OU) is a public research university in Athens, Ohio, United States, founded on 18 February 1804 as the first university chartered in the former Northwest Territory and the oldest public university in Ohio.俄亥俄大学（英文：Ohio University，简称 OHIO 或 OU）是美国俄亥俄州阿森斯的一所公立研究型大学，1804 年 2 月 18 日获得特许状，是前西北领地第一所大学。

It is a member of the University System of Ohio, is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission and is classified as an R1 doctoral university with very high research activity.该校是俄亥俄大学系统的成员，获高等教育委员会认证，并被归为科研活动极活跃的 R1 级博士型大学。

Ohio enrolled about 25,000 students in Athens in 2023 and more than 9,800 across five regional campuses, its Athens campus is among the 25 largest residential college campuses in the United States, and it is placed in the 1201-1400 band of the QS World University Rankings 2027.2023 年，该校在阿森斯约有 2.5 万名学生，五个地区校区另有 9800 多名学生；在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，它处于第 1201-1400 位区间。

History

• In 1787 the Board of Treasury contracted with the Ohio Company of Associates and set aside the College Lands in the Ohio Country to support a university, an idea promoted by the Reverend Manasseh Cutler.1787 年，美国财政部委员会与俄亥俄联合公司签订合同，在俄亥俄地区划出学院用地以支持一所大学，这一构想由曼纳塞·卡特勒牧师推动。
• In 1797 settlers from Marietta travelled down the Ohio River and up the Hocking River to choose a site in the College Lands, founding Athens because it lay between Marietta and Chillicothe.1797 年，来自玛丽埃塔的移民沿俄亥俄河而下、再溯霍金河而上，在学院用地内选址，因阿森斯位于玛丽埃塔与奇利科西之间而在此建镇。
• In 1802 the Northwest Territory government approved an American Western University, although the institution never operated under that name.1802 年，西北领地政府批准设立「美国西部大学」，但该校从未以这一名称运作。
• The state of Ohio chartered Ohio University on 18 February 1804, and the first three students enrolled in 1809, when the institution was still a small frontier college.俄亥俄州于 1804 年 2 月 18 日为俄亥俄大学颁发特许状，1809 年首批三名学生入学，当时它仍是一所小型边疆学院。
• The first two bachelor's degrees were awarded in 1815, one of them to Thomas Ewing, who later served as a United States senator, Secretary of the Treasury and first Secretary of the Interior.1815 年，该校授予首批两个学士学位，其中一位获得者是托马斯·尤因，他后来任美国参议员、财政部长与首任内政部长。
• Construction of Manasseh Cutler Hall began in 1812, and the building remains the centrepiece of the College Green as a registered national historic landmark.曼纳塞·卡特勒楼的建造始于 1812 年，这座建筑至今仍是学院草坪的核心，并被列为国家历史地标。
• The university closed between 1843 and 1848 for financial reasons, and it reopened with a small faculty and a curriculum rooted in the classics and moral philosophy.该校因财政原因于 1843 年至 1848 年间停办，复校时教师很少，课程以古典学与道德哲学为基础。
• Women were first admitted in 1868, and Margaret Boyd became the first woman to receive a degree from the university in 1873.该校于 1868 年首次招收女性，玛格丽特·博伊德于 1873 年成为首位获得该校学位的女性。
• In 1874 the Ohio General Assembly created Ohio State University in Columbus as the state's land-grant college, and some legislators proposed demoting Ohio University and Miami University to preparatory schools.1874 年，俄亥俄州议会以哥伦布的俄亥俄州立大学为州赠地学院，一些议员提议把俄亥俄大学与迈阿密大学降格为预科学校。
• The 1896 Sleeper Bill, introduced by Athenian David L. Sleeper, the speaker of the Ohio House, provided annual state support and set a precedent for continuing public funding of the university.1896 年，阿森斯人、俄亥俄州众议院议长戴维·L·斯利珀提出《斯利珀法案》，为该校提供年度州拨款，开创了持续公共资助的先例。
• A second attempt to merge or demote the university was defeated in 1906, securing its independence within Ohio's public system.第二次合并或降格的尝试于 1906 年被挫败，从而确保了该校在俄亥俄公立体系中的独立地位。
• In 1935 the university restructured its two colleges into five, adding commerce, fine arts and applied science to arts and sciences and education, and it created the graduate college in 1936.1935 年，该校把两个学院重组为五个，在文理与教育之外增设商业、美术与应用科学学院，并于 1936 年设立研究生院。
• The first doctoral programme, in chemistry, began in 1956, and between 1955 and 1970 undergraduate enrolment tripled from 7,000 to 20,000.该校首个博士项目于 1956 年在化学领域开设；1955 年至 1970 年间，本科生人数从 7000 人增至 2 万人，增长了两倍。
• The first regional campus opened in Chillicothe in 1946 to relieve post-war overcrowding with 281 students, 70 per cent of them veterans, and Zanesville followed the same year.为缓解战后拥挤，首个地区校区于 1946 年在奇利科西开办，首批 281 名学生中 70% 是退伍军人；赞斯维尔校区同年设立。
• Later regional campuses opened in Ironton and Lancaster in 1956 and in St. Clairsville in 1957, extending the university across southeastern Ohio.此后，伊伦顿与兰开斯特校区于 1956 年、圣克莱尔斯维尔校区于 1957 年开办，把大学扩展到俄亥俄东南部。
• On 4 May 1964 President Lyndon B. Johnson used a speech on the College Green to describe his Great Society programme for the first time, bringing the university national attention.1964 年 5 月 4 日，美国总统林登·约翰逊在学院草坪的演讲中首次提出「伟大社会」计划，使该校受到全国关注。
• After the Kent State shootings of 4 May 1970, anti-war protests at Ohio University led to a confrontation at Baker Center in which 23 people were injured and 54 students arrested, and the campus closed on 15 May.1970 年 5 月 4 日肯特州立枪击事件后，俄亥俄大学的反战抗议在贝克中心引发冲突，23 人受伤、54 名学生被捕，校园于 5 月 15 日关闭。
• Vernon R. Alden Library was completed in 1969, and in 1975 the university established the Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, the only osteopathic medical school in Ohio.弗农·R·奥尔登图书馆于 1969 年建成；1975 年，该校设立传承骨科医学院，这是俄亥俄州唯一的骨科医学院。
• In 1979 Chubu University of Japan donated 175 cherry trees for the university's 175th anniversary, beginning a partnership marked by an annual Sakura Festival.1979 年，日本中部大学为该校 175 周年校庆捐赠 175 株樱花树，由此开启了一段以年度樱花节为标志的合作关系。
• The Ohio University Innovation Center began in 1983 and the Edison Biotechnology Institute was founded in 1984, part of a push to commercialise research in southeastern Ohio.俄亥俄大学创新中心始于 1983 年，爱迪生生物技术研究所成立于 1984 年，这是该校推动俄亥俄东南部研究成果商业化的一部分。
• The John Calhoun Baker University Center opened in 2007, and in 2012 the university converted its academic calendar from quarters to semesters after using quarters since 1967.约翰·卡尔霍恩·贝克大学中心于 2007 年启用；该校自 1967 年起实行学季制，2012 年转为学期制。
• Lori Stewart Gonzalez became the university's 23rd president in 2023, inheriting a period of enrolment growth and budget pressure across Ohio's public universities.洛里·斯图尔特·冈萨雷斯于 2023 年成为该校第 23 任校长，接手的是俄亥俄公立大学普遍面临招生增长与预算压力的时期。

Academics

• Ohio University comprises nine undergraduate colleges, a graduate college, the Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine and a public affairs school, with twelve degree-granting units in all.俄亥俄大学由九个本科学院、一个研究生院、传承骨科医学院以及一个公共事务学院组成，共有十二个授予学位的单位。
• The College of Arts and Sciences is the largest division and supplies the liberal-arts core for all undergraduates, while the university offers more than 250 areas of undergraduate study.文理学院是最大的学部，为所有本科生提供博雅教育核心课程；该校共开设 250 多个本科学习领域。
• Total enrolment is about 25,000 in Athens and more than 9,800 across the regional campuses, and the university is classified as an R1 doctoral institution.阿森斯校区在校生约 2.5 万人，各地区校区合计超过 9800 人，该校被归为 R1 级博士型院校。
• The Russ College of Engineering and Technology enrols about 1,400 undergraduates and 300 graduate students and is named for Fritz J. Russ, an electrical engineering alumnus and founder of Systems Research Laboratories.拉斯工程与技术学院约有 1400 名本科生与 300 名研究生，学院以电气工程校友、系统研究实验室创始人弗里茨·J·拉斯命名。
• The Scripps College of Communication contains five schools, including the E.W. Scripps School of Journalism, the McClure School of Information and Telecommunication Systems and the School of Media Arts and Studies.斯克里普斯传播学院下设五个学院，包括 E.W. 斯克里普斯新闻学院、麦克卢尔信息与电信系统学院以及媒体艺术与研究学院。
• The College of Business offers nine majors and an MBA, and its Copeland Hall houses computer laboratories and team rooms for collaborative work.商学院开设九个主修专业与工商管理硕士项目，其科普兰楼设有计算机实验室与团队协作教室。
• The College of Fine Arts teaches art, dance, film, music and theatre, and its School of Music marked its centenary in 2017.美术学院教授艺术、舞蹈、电影、音乐与戏剧，其音乐学院于 2017 年迎来百年校庆。
• The Patton College of Education traces its origin to the Normal Department of 11 May 1886, the first state-supported teacher-training programme in Ohio, and the state's first kindergarten opened on campus in 1907.帕顿教育学院的源头是 1886 年 5 月 11 日设立的师范部，这是俄亥俄首个州资助的教师培训项目；1907 年，全州第一所幼儿园在该校开办。
• The Honors Tutorial College offers programmes in 34 disciplines on the British tutorial model, with one-to-one or small-group instruction instead of large lectures.荣誉导师学院按英国导师制在 34 个学科开设项目，采用一对一或小组授课而非大班讲课。
• Heritage College was established in 1975 and trains about 120 medical students in Athens, 70 in Dublin and 60 in Cleveland, where it is affiliated with the Cleveland Clinic.传承学院成立于 1975 年，在阿森斯培养约 120 名医学生，在都柏林培养 70 名，在克利夫兰培养 60 名，并与克利夫兰诊所合作。
• Barbara Ross-Lee was appointed dean of Heritage in 1993 and became the first African-American woman to lead a medical school in the United States.芭芭拉·罗斯-李于 1993 年获任传承学院院长，成为美国首位领导医学院的非裔女性。
• The College of Health Sciences and Professions, established in 1979, covers nursing, physical therapy, athletic training, dietetics, public health and social work.健康科学与专业学院成立于 1979 年，涵盖护理、物理治疗、运动训练、营养学、公共卫生与社会工作。
• University College, founded in 2004, allows students to design an individual major and awards the Bachelor of Specialized Studies degree.大学学院成立于 2004 年，允许学生自行设计主修方向，并授予专业研究学士学位。
• Vernon R. Alden Library holds more than 4 million printed volumes, 2.3 million microfilm units and 13,500 periodical subscriptions, making it one of the 100 largest libraries in the United States.弗农·R·奥尔登图书馆藏有 400 多万册印刷图书、230 万件缩微胶卷与 13,500 种期刊，是美国最大的 100 所图书馆之一。
• Alden Library generated the first electronic library record in the world in 1971, and its Mahn Center holds a 14th-century Gutenberg Bible among its rare books.奥尔登图书馆于 1971 年生成了世界上第一条电子图书馆记录，其马恩中心珍藏中包括一部十四世纪的古腾堡圣经。
• Research units include the Edison Biotechnology Institute, the Institute for Corrosion and Multiphase Technology, the Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute and the Edwards Accelerator Laboratory.科研单位包括爱迪生生物技术研究所、腐蚀与多相流技术研究所、纳米与量子现象研究所以及爱德华兹加速器实验室。
• Admission is test-optional and about 85 per cent of applicants were offered places for the 2022 class, while the Class of 2026 was the largest in the university's history.该校实行可选提交考试成绩的招生政策，2022 年约有 85% 的申请者获得录取，2026 届则成为校史上规模最大的一届。

Campus

• The main campus lies in Athens, Ohio, about 75 miles southeast of Columbus, on a hilly site overlooking the Hocking River.主校区位于俄亥俄州阿森斯，距哥伦布东南约 75 英里，坐落在俯瞰霍金河的丘陵地带。
• The College Green is the historic quadrangle, framed by Manasseh Cutler Hall, Wilson Hall and McGuffey Hall, and its layout has changed little in two centuries.学院草坪是历史悠久的方院，四周环绕曼纳塞·卡特勒楼、威尔逊楼与麦加菲楼，其布局两个世纪以来变化甚微。
• Cutler Hall, begun in 1812, is a national historic landmark, and its cupola holds one of the oldest university bells in the United States, while chimes sound every half hour.卡特勒楼始建于 1812 年，是国家历史地标，其穹顶内藏有美国最古老的大学钟之一，报时钟声每半小时响起。
• The John Calhoun Baker University Center opened in January 2007 and contains food courts, a ballroom, a 400-seat theatre, study areas and the Front Room coffee house.约翰·卡尔霍恩·贝克大学中心于 2007 年 1 月启用，内有美食广场、宴会厅、400 座剧场、学习区以及前厅咖啡馆。
• East Green has 14 residence halls, South Green 15 and West Green 8, and the hilly campus is known for steep walkways such as Morton Hill and Jefferson Hill.东草坪有 14 栋宿舍、南草坪 15 栋、西草坪 8 栋；校园地势起伏，以莫顿山与杰斐逊山等陡峭步道著称。
• Peden Stadium, built in 1929, seats 27,000 and is the oldest football venue in the Mid-American Conference, while the Convocation Center seats 13,080 for basketball and volleyball.佩登体育场建于 1929 年，可容纳 2.7 万人，是中美国联盟最古老的橄榄球场；会议中心可容纳 13,080 人，用于篮球与排球比赛。
• The Ridges, the former Athens Mental Hospital opened in 1874, was acquired by the university and now houses classrooms, offices and the Kennedy Museum of Art within a nature preserve.山脊园区原为 1874 年开办的雅典精神病院，后被该校收购，如今在自然保护区内的建筑中设有教室、办公室与肯尼迪艺术博物馆。
• Wolfe Garden behind Cutler Hall is shaped like the state of Ohio and planted with native trees, and the campus also has the Athena Cinema, an art-deco movie theatre owned by the university.卡特勒楼后的沃尔夫花园按俄亥俄州轮廓设计并种植本地树木；校园内还有一座由学校拥有、装饰艺术风格的雅典娜电影院。
• Five regional campuses operate in Chillicothe, Zanesville, Ironton, Lancaster and St. Clairsville, and Heritage College runs extension campuses in Dublin and Cleveland.该校在奇利科西、赞斯维尔、伊伦顿、兰开斯特与圣克莱尔斯维尔运营五个地区校区，传承学院还在都柏林与克利夫兰设有延伸校区。

Reputation

• Ohio University is placed in the 1201-1400 band of the QS World University Rankings 2027, the ranking used as the entry point for this article.在 2027 年 QS 世界大学排名中，俄亥俄大学位于第 1201-1400 位区间，这也是本文采用的排名口径。
• The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2027 placed Ohio in the 801-1000 band, its strongest result among the four major global tables.2027 年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名将该校列入第 801-1000 位区间，这是它在四大全球榜单中的最好成绩。
• U.S. News ranked Ohio University 697th in its 2026-2027 global universities list, and the university also appears in the national universities category of the same publication.在 2026-2027 年度 U.S. News 全球大学榜单中，该校位列第 697 位，同时也出现在该刊的美国国内大学分类中。
• The 2026 Academic Ranking of World Universities placed Ohio in the 801-900 band, giving it a rank in all four major global tables.2026 年软科世界大学学术排名将该校列入第 801-900 位区间，使其在四大全球主榜中均有名次。
• OpenAlex credits the university with 48,035 works and 2,048,408 citations, reflecting a broad research base across the sciences, social sciences and communication.OpenAlex 记录该校有 48,035 项研究成果与 2,048,408 次引用，反映出其在自然科学、社会科学与传播学领域的广泛研究基础。
• The university is classified as an R1 doctoral institution and its library is counted among the 100 largest academic libraries in the United States.该校被归为 R1 级博士型院校，其图书馆跻身美国最大的 100 所学术图书馆之列。
• Eighty-four alumni of the Scripps College of Communication have won or contributed to Pulitzer Prizes, a record that underpins its reputation in journalism.斯克里普斯传播学院有 84 名校友获得或参与获得普利策奖，这一纪录支撑了其在新闻界的声誉。
• The Chronicle of Higher Education has named Ohio a top producer of Fulbright scholars, and since 2008 its students have won 16 Goldwater Scholarships and 32 NSF Graduate Research Fellowships.《高等教育纪事报》曾将该校列为富布赖特学者的重要输送校；自 2008 年以来，其学生获得 16 项戈德华特奖学金与 32 项美国国家科学基金会研究生奖学金。
• Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, who shared the 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and later presided over the Royal Society, earned his doctorate at Ohio University.文卡特拉曼·拉马克里希南共享 2009 年诺贝尔化学奖，后来出任英国皇家学会会长，他在俄亥俄大学获得博士学位。

Student life

• The university's colours are hunter green and white, its mascot is Rufus the Bobcat, and its teams compete in NCAA Division I as charter members of the Mid-American Conference.该校校色为猎绿色与白色，吉祥物是山猫鲁弗斯，运动队以中美国联盟创始成员身份参加 NCAA 一级联赛。
• The Marching 110, founded in 1923, is the official marching band, now about 225 members strong, and in 1976 it became the first college band to perform at Carnegie Hall.军乐队「行进 110」成立于 1923 年，如今约有 225 名成员；1976 年，它成为首支在卡内基音乐厅演出的大学乐队。
• The band performed in Bill Clinton's 1993 inaugural parade at the request of campaign chairman David Wilhelm, an Ohio University alumnus, and has marched in Macy's parades and the Rose Parade.应竞选主席、该校校友戴维·威廉的邀请，乐队参加了 1993 年比尔·克林顿的就职游行，并曾参加梅西百货游行与玫瑰游行。
• Athens' annual Halloween block party is the university's best-known tradition, drawing thousands of visitors, and the university provides support services for the event.阿森斯一年一度的万圣节街区派对是该校最著名的传统，吸引数以千计的访客，学校为活动提供支持服务。
• Homecoming Weekend features a parade through Athens, International Week brings a spring parade along Court Street, and the Student Activities Commission sponsors a spring concert.返校节周末在阿森斯举行游行，国际周则在春季沿法院街游行，学生活动委员会还赞助一场春季音乐会。
• The Post is the independent student newspaper, WOUB operates PBS and NPR stations for southeastern Ohio, and ACRN, founded in 1971, is the student-run internet radio station.《邮报》是独立的学生报纸，WOUB 为俄亥俄东南部运营 PBS 与 NPR 电台，1971 年创办的 ACRN 则是由学生运营的网络电台。
• More than 300,000 living alumni belong to the university community, and the alumni network supports admissions, internships and fundraising across the country.该校有 30 多万名在世校友，校友网络在全国范围内支持招生、实习与筹款。
• The Bobcats field 36 club sports teams, and the annual Battle of the Bricks against Miami University is the university's principal rivalry.山猫队拥有 36 支俱乐部运动队，与迈阿密大学之间的年度「砖战」是该校最主要的对抗赛事。
• The Chubu University cherry trees along the Hocking River are celebrated each spring with a Sakura Festival, and a Maya Lin landscape artwork, Input, stands in Bicentennial Park.霍金河畔的中部大学樱花树每年春天以樱花节庆祝，百年公园内还立有林璎的景观艺术作品《输入》。

Notable people

• Manasseh Cutler, a Continental Army chaplain and Ohio Company agent, is credited as the university's founder, and Rufus Putnam, a Revolutionary War general, was an original trustee and gave his name to Putnam Hall.曼纳塞·卡特勒曾任大陆军随军牧师与俄亥俄联合公司代理人，被视为该校创办人；独立战争将领鲁弗斯·帕特南是首任董事之一，帕特南楼即以他命名。
• Jacob Lindley served as the first president of Ohio University from 1809, guiding the frontier college through its first decade.雅各布·林德利自 1809 年起担任俄亥俄大学首任校长，带领这所边疆学院走过最初十年。
• Thomas Ewing, one of the first two graduates in 1815, became a U.S. senator, Secretary of the Treasury and the first Secretary of the Interior.托马斯·尤因是 1815 年首批两名毕业生之一，后来任美国参议员、财政部长与首任内政部长。
• William Holmes McGuffey, author of the McGuffey Readers, served as president of Ohio University from 1839 to 1843 while his textbooks shaped American primary education.威廉·霍姆斯·麦加菲是《麦加菲读本》的作者，1839 年至 1843 年任俄亥俄大学校长，其教科书塑造了美国初等教育。
• John Newton Templeton graduated in 1828 as the first African American to earn a college degree in Ohio, and Templeton-Blackburn Memorial Auditorium honours him.约翰·牛顿·坦普尔顿于 1828 年毕业，成为俄亥俄州首位获得大学学位的非裔美国人，坦普尔顿-布莱克本纪念礼堂以他命名。
• Edward James Roye, who studied at Ohio University, became the fifth president of Liberia in 1870 and served until 1871.爱德华·詹姆斯·罗伊曾就读于俄亥俄大学，1870 年成为利比里亚第五任总统，任职至 1871 年。
• Venkatraman Ramakrishnan earned his doctorate in physics at Ohio University and shared the 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for studies of the ribosome, and he later served as president of the Royal Society.文卡特拉曼·拉马克里希南在俄亥俄大学获得物理学博士学位，因核糖体研究共享 2009 年诺贝尔化学奖，后来出任英国皇家学会会长。
• George V. Voinovich, a 1958 graduate, served as mayor of Cleveland, governor of Ohio and a United States senator from 1999 to 2011.乔治·V·沃伊诺维奇是 1958 届毕业生，曾任克利夫兰市长、俄亥俄州州长，并于 1999 年至 2011 年任美国参议员。
• Mike Schmidt, the Hall of Fame third baseman, attended Ohio University on a baseball scholarship before the Philadelphia Phillies drafted him in 1971.名人堂三垒手迈克·施密特曾以棒球奖学金就读俄亥俄大学，1971 年被费城费城人队选中。
• Walter Tevis, author of The Hustler and The Queen's Gambit, studied at Ohio University, and the actress Piper Perabo and voice actor Nancy Cartwright are also alumni.《骗子》与《后翼弃兵》的作者沃尔特·特维斯曾就读于俄亥俄大学，女演员派珀·佩拉博与配音演员南希·卡特赖特也是该校校友。